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This manual explains the working of equipment. Please read it thoroughly and have all
the occupants follow the instructions carefully. Doing so will help you enjoy many years of
safe and trouble free operation.
When it comes to service remember that K.C. Engineers knows your equipment best and
is interested in your complete satisfaction. We will provide the quality maintenance and
any other assistance you may require.
All the information and specifications in this manual are current at the time of printing.
However, Because of K.C. Engineers policy of continual product improvement we reserve
the right to make changes at any time without notice.
Please note that this manual explains all about the equipment including options.
Therefore you may find some explanations for options not installed on your equipment.
You must follow the instructions and maintenance instructions given in the manual
carefully to avoid possible injury or damage. Proper maintenance will help ensure
maximum performance, greater reliability and longer life for the product.
K.C. Engineers
Contents
1. Objective …………………………………… 1
2. Aim …………………………………… 1
3. Introduction …………………………………… 1
4. Theory …………………………………… 1
5. Description …………………………………… 2
9. Nomenclature …………………………………… 5
2. AIM:
To determine the reaction rate constant.
3. INTRODUCTION:
Reaction:
Liquid phase hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate to ethanol and Acetic Acid.:
CH 3COOC 2 H 5+ H 2 O
→ CH 3COOH + C 2 H 5 OH
4. THEORY:
Let the reaction be represented by:
A B+D (1)
Rate = K CA (2)
Let V be the volume of the reaction mixture.
Let C be the concentration of Ethyl Acetate in the reactor at any time, t
Mass balance around the reactor is:
d (V C )
= − (k C )V (1)
dt
at t= 0, C = C0
Integration of the above equation yields:
C
ln = − kt (2)
C0
The apparent rate constant, k can be obtained from the above equation by using
observed time concentration data. This apparent constant will be true for the known
weight of catalyst used at a particular value of shaft speed, N.
C =C o −C B
Where
CB = Effluent concentration of Acetic Acid.
Co = Feed concentration of Ethyl Acetate.
Any catalytic liquid-liquid reaction involving the use of a catalyst placed in basket
can be studies in this set-up. The set-up consists of a reactor centrally having one
spinning basket derived through a variable speed motor. The reactant from feed tank
is fed to the reactor at the bottom. Flow rate of the feed is measured by the Rota
meter. Sampling points are provided for analysis.
Catalyst used in the reactor is Amberlyst 15 (Rohm - Haas or Aldrich) that can be
converted to acid form by continuous leaching of the catalyst with 10 % HCl solution
and then dry the rinsed resin with air to moisture content in equilibrium with the
atmosphere. The average size of catalyst particle in 0.5 mm.
6. UTILITY REQUIRED:
1. Electricity Supply: Single Phase, 220 V AC, 50 Hz, 5-15 amp combined socket
with earth connection.
2. Compressed air supply @ 2 CFM at 1 Bar.
3. Water Supply: (Initial fill).
4. Floor Drain Required.
5. Floor Area Required: 1 m x 0.75 m.
6. Laboratory Glassware Required : -
Conical flasks (250ml) : 05 Nos.
Measuring cylinder (50 ml) : 02 Nos.
7. Chemicals Required:
N/10 Ethyl Acetate : 10 L
N/10 NaOH : 200 ml
Phenolphthalein : Few drops
7. EXPERIEMNTAL PROCEDURE:
STARTING PROCEDURE
1. Prepare 4-5 % Ethyl Acetate solution in distilled water.
2. Based on the ambient temperature, note the density of Ethyl Acetate (ρ).
3. Fill the feed solution in the feed tank.
4. Fill water bath 3/4th with water.
DATA:
ρ = 895 kg/m3
MW = 88.11
N1 = 0.1 gmeq/L
VR = ----- L
OBSERVATIONS
VEA = ----- L
VW = ----- L
T = ----- oC
V NaOH × N 1
CB = , mole /L
V Samp
C F =C o −C B , moles/L
1 C
k = × ln o , min-1
t CF
CALCULATION TABLE:
S.N. N, RPM t, min CF, mole/L k, min-1
V NaOH × N
CB = , mole /L
V Samp
C F =C o −C B , moles/L
1 C
k = ln o , min-1
τ CF
CALCULATION TABLE:
9. NOMENCLATURE:
1. If the fluid is coming without changing their concentration slow down the feed
rate.
2. If the fluid coming out at higher rate than feed decrease the RPM.
3. If electric panel is not showing the input on the mains light, check the main
supply.
12. REFERENCES:
1. Octave Levenspiel, “Chemical reaction engineering”, 3rd ed., John Wiley &
Sons, NY, 2001, Page 137-138.