Traffic loading for High Pressure Pipeline Crossings

*NB Refer to Sheets 2, 3, & 4 for Tables, Figures, and Unit Conversions

Project Information:

JO No. 99-C-2694
Title Bearberry 16-15 well tie-in
AEUB Lic No n/a - lease piping
Location of Crossing 11-15-33-7W5M Wellsite lease

Hoop Stress (Internal):

Internal Pipeline Pressure P 1,225 psi

Pipeline Wall Thickness t 0.50 inches
Pipeline Diameter D 24.00 inches
Calculated Internal Stress S(I) 29,400 psi = P*D/(2*t)

Hoop Stress (External):

Soil Dead Load:

Soil Friction Coefficient Ku' 0.11 Refer to Table I. Use 0.11 if subsoil unk
Soil Cover Height H 3.936 ft
Trench Width B(d) 3.117 ft
Calculated Load Coefficient C(d) 1.10 Marston's Formula.
Weight of soil per unit volume w 120 lbs/ft^3 Use 120 lbs/ft^3 unless the subsoil mat
Calculated Soil Dead Load W(S) 2.86 psi = C(d)*w*B(d)

Vehicle Live Load:

Vertical Distance from Pipe to Crown H 3.94 ft
Horizontal Distance, Normal to Pipe Centerline M 3.00 ft
Horizontal Distance, Parallel to Pipe Centerline N 3.00 ft
Calculated Influence Coefficient C(t) 0.139
Impact Factor for Live Loads I 1.50
Wheel Load W 19,895 lbs
Calculated Contact Area A 36.00 ft^2
Calculated Vehicle Load W(V) 3.21 psi
Soil Cover Height.
Centre of footprint to footprint edge. Re
Centre of footprint to footprint edge. Re
Boussinesq's Equation
Refer to Table II. Use 1.5 if surface unk
= 4*C(t)*I*W/A

Bending Parameter k(b) 0.235 Refer to Table III.

Deflection Parameter k(z) 0.108 Refer to Table III.
Pipeline Modulus of Elasticity E 3.0E+07 psi 3E7 psi for Steel. Refer to
Calculated External Stress S(E) 411.13 psi Spangler Stress Formula.

Total Stress S(T) 29,811 psi

Grade of Pipe SMYS 52,055 psi If 100% SMYS > S(T), then depth of co
If not, then additional cover or another s
Adequate? Y or N Yes (add concrete, bridge or pavement to di

Alan,
Attached is the traffic loading calculator revised for rectangular footprints. I tested it with the information that was already in th
ossings

able I. Use 0.11 if subsoil unknown.

bs/ft^3 unless the subsoil material is known.

footprint to footprint edge. Refer to Figure 1.

footprint to footprint edge. Refer to Figure 1.
sq's Equation
able II. Use 1.5 if surface unknown.

r Steel. Refer to Figure 2.

Stress Formula.

MYS > S(T), then depth of cover is adequate.

n additional cover or another solution is required
rete, bridge or pavement to disperse loading).
rmation that was already in the original simulation and the results were less conservative (as expected), but there were some things I wasn
were some things I wasn't confident about, especially when calculating live surface loadings as I could not make sense of the original formu
sense of the original formulas. When you can find spare time (whenever that may be), I would appreciate it if we could iron over the details.
ould iron over the details.
Table I Typical Ku' Values
Soil Typical Ku'
Saturated Clay 0.110
Saturated TopSoil 0.150
Sand and Gravel 0.165
Clean Granular Soil 0.192

Table II Impact Factor

Pavement Type Factor (I)
No Pavement 1.5
Asphalt 1.3
Timber Mats (2"x12" min) 1.2
Concrete 1.0

Table III Spangler Stress Formula Parameters

Bedding Angle (deg) Moment Parameter Kb Deflection Parameter Kz
0 0.294 0.110
30 0.235 0.108
60 0.189 0.103
90 0.157 0.096
120 0.138 0.089
150 0.128 0.085
180 0.125 0.083
Figure 1: Distributed Load Over Pipeline

Figure 2: Young's Modulus of Elasticity for Metals and Alloys

Metric Imperial
0 kPa 0.0 psi
0 MPa 0.0 ksi
0 mm 0.0 inches
0 m 0.0 ft