Annotated Bibliography

‘Behavior, Growth, and Reproduction of Lumbriculus Variegatus (Oligochaetae) in

Different Sediment Types’

A.M. Sardo, A.M. V.M. Soares, and A. Gerhardt

The purpose of this study is to determine “the best sediment types for use of L.
variegatus in sediment toxicity tests, based on grain-size”; and whether or not it is more
beneficial to use artificial cloning or natural cloning to increase the number of test organisms.
The results showed that “locomotory ability was highest in fine [sediment]”. The second part of
the experiment concluded that “artificial cloning is not a recommended method to obtain
additional test organisms”.

The information gathered by this experiment is useful to our own laboratory

experiment because we are testing the locomotory abilities of L. variegatus, and the artificial
cloning and its effects on the clones. Therefore, the research concluded by Sardo, Soares, and
Gerhardt is highly valuable to our own experiment. We anticipate this article will also be useful
to future experiment of a similar nature.

http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4&hid=109&sid=8279254c-d826-4a7e-8bd7-
b38aa6b679f6%40sessionmgr102

“Evaluation of calcium magnesium acetate and road salt for contact hypersensitivity
potential and dermal irritancy in humans.”

Cushman, JR, Duff, VA, Butfau, GH, Aust, LB, Caldwell, N, Lazer, W

Calcium magnesium acetate, a de-icing agent, is a common chemical to which “workers

may be dermally exposed”. Human exposure to CMA has shown to have “moderate acute
irritation was observed [only at 1 skin site exposed to] 30% road salt”. The results of this
experiment predict that CMA will not “cause significant dermal effects [to] exposed workers”.

It is anticipated that the comparison between hyper sensitivity of humans versus

Lumbriculus variegatus is a large margin. However, we believe the similarity of these two
experiments will allow for more accurate hypothesis on the effects of CMA on the worms. Thus
this article has become quite useful to our particular group’s experiment.

Sources: Cushman, Duff, Butfau, Aust, Caldwell, Lazer. “Evaluation of calcium magnesium
acetate and road salt for contact hypersensitivity potential and dermal irritancy in humans.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1831107
“Environmental Impact and Toxicological Characteristics of Calcium Magnesium
Acetate”

McFarland, BL, O’Reilly, KT

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of CMA on both the
environment and animals. It has shown that CMA has “little or no toxic effects on the aquatic
species that have been tested, including vertebrates and invertebrates” for short-term tests. This
experiment concluded the same results for roadside vegetation and road worker’s health. The
resulting conclusion is that CMA would have an insignificant impact, both environmentally and
toxically.

The results of this study are significantly different from our own experiments. We
have concluded that CMA does indeed have significant negative effects on the invertebrates,
Lumbriculus variegatus, and in extremely small doses as well. We therefore conclude that the
above experiment was helpful in the sense that it has shown how important it is to factor enough
time into the experiment and in multiple varieties.

http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=9306831