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UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The Philippines is a fast growing country in terms of economic
development. The government is exerting all the necessary efforts to make
life easier and more comfortable for its people. The increasing importance
given to the people brings a closer relationship between the people and the
government.
Barangay Officials are expected to perform their assigned tasks
that would contribute to the community development in their barangay.
They are serious in effective and efficient measurement and monitoring
of the competency among them to improve the level of their
performance.
The basic political unit in the Philippines is Barangay. It serves as
the primary planning and implementing unit of government policies,
plans, programs, projects, and activities in the community. The most
powerful government officials in the Barangay are the Punong
Barangay and the Sangguniang Barangay Members. The Barangay
Officials of a certain barangay is composed of Punong Barangay,
Seven Sangguniang Barangay Members, Sanguniang Kabataan
Chairperson, Barangay Secretary and Barangay Treasurer. They are
meant to exercise executive and legislative powers. Barangay Officials
are given with executive power for efficient, effective and economical
governance, the purpose of which is the general welfare of the
Barangay and its inhabitants. On the other hand, the Sanguniang
Barangay Members shall enact ordinances as may be necessary to
discharge the responsibilities conferred upon it by law or ordinance
and to promote the general welfare of the inhabitants therein.
Among the roles of Barangay Officials is to enforce all laws and
ordinances which are applicable within the barangay. Their prime duty
is to maintain public order in the barangay and assist the municipal
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mayor and the Sangunian Members in the performance of their duties
and functions. Barangay Officials are also mandated to prepare,
implement, monitor and evaluate development programs and projects.
Development depends on the capability of leaders not only at the
national level but more particularly on the local government level down
to the lowest political unit of governance which is the barangay. It is
then important that we look at the leadership aspect on the barangay
level through the barangay captains in the community development.
This is one way of assessing if barangay’s are playing partners of
development in the Municipality of Tabuk City, and the nation in
general.
Tabuk City is the 5th Class City and known as the Capital of Kalinga
province. The city became the Cordillera’s Second City after Baguio in
2007 under RA 9404. The city is known as the city of gamongans. The city
is subdivided into 42 barangay’s. The development of the city remains
to be growing because of the efforts made by the local government
units to suppress crimes. Barangay Officials are doing its fair share to
achieve their shared commitment for community development.
Over the past years, it was noted that some Barangay officials are
not performing their duties as expected for community development like
attending meeting and doing projects in the barangay and limited
awareness of their needs and problems and what can be done about
them. Some existing government services like day care center for
children and loans for self-employment projects were accepted and
utilized but otherwise, the people were skeptical about the
government’s sincerity in its development objectives.
In this study, the researchers intend to conduct a study to assess
the role of Barangay Officials in Community Deleopment in Tabuk City,
Kalinga.

Conceptual Framework
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According to Caldo (2015) states that the purpose of the Local
Government Code is to transfer power and authority from the national
government to barangay level, as the territorial and political subdivisions
of the state. One of the powers devolved to the local government unit
is the executive power to implement programs for community
development.
The paradigm of the study will be the Input-Process-Output (IPO)
model as indicated below.
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Input Process
Output

1. Profile of the Barangay


1. To assessthe profile of the Barangay
Officials in terms of the
Officials in terms of age, Gender, Civil
following:
Status, religious affiliation, and Assessed roles of
 Age
educational attainment. Barangay Officials in
 Gender 2. To assess the Roles of Barangay
 Civil Status Officials in community development in
community
 Religious Affiliation the Tabuk City, Kalinga, Cagayan as
development in the
 Educational assessed by the two groups of Tabuk City, Kalinga
Attainment respondents relative to Promotion of
 Elected Position Peace and Order and Community
1. Roles of Barangay Officials Participation.
in community development in 3. Correlate the difference between the
the Tabuk City, Kalinga, assessments of the two (2) groups of
Cagayan as assessed by the two respondents on the Roles of Barangay
groups of respondents relative Officials in community development in
to: the Tabuk City, Kalinga, Cagayan as
 Promotion of Peace assessed by the two groups of
and Order respondents relative to Promotion of
 Community Peace and Order and Community
Participation Participation.

Feedback
Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem


The study attempts to role of Barangay Officials in Community
Deleopment in Tabuk City, Kalinga for 2018. Specifically it shall seek
answers the following questions:
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1. What is the profile of the Barangay Officials in terms of the
following:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Civil Status
1.4 Religious Affiliation
1.5 Educational Attainment
1.6 Elected Position
2. What are the roles of Barangay Officials in Community
Development in Tabuk City, Kalinga as assessed by the two
groups of respondents relative to:
2.1 Promotion of Peace and Order
2.2 Community Participation
3. Is there a significant difference between the assessment
of the groups of respondents relative to the above dimensions?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the assessment of the
Barangay Official respondents on the roles of Barangay Officials in
community development at Tabuk City, Kalinga and their profile
variables?
5. What measures will be propose address the program/programs
not implemented?

Hypothesis
This study will be guided by two (2) hypotheses:
1. Is there a significant difference between the assessment of
the two groups of respondents on the implementation of the crime
prevention program relative
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2. Is there a significant difference between the assessment of
the groups of respondents relative to the above dimensions?

Significance of the Study


This study is deemed beneficial to the following:
Tabuk City Police Station. Results of this study will be useful to the
Police to strengthen their cooperation with the community
development.
LGU of tabuk city kalinga. Results of this study will provide insights on
areas of their strengths and

weaknesses in their duties and responsibilities as key leaders in


keeping the community peacefully and ‘orderly.

The Citizen and the General Public. Results of this study will instill
greater awareness, involvement, participation and commitment of
the community on plans and programs of the barangay.

Researchers. The result of this study will help the researchers to make
further study about awareness on the roles of barangay officials in
community development.

Future researchers. This study can be used by future researchers to


improve the roles of barangay officials in community development.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study


This study will be delimited to the assessment of the roles of
Barangay Officials in community development at Tabuk City, Kalinga for
Calendar 2017-18. The respondents will be 10 Barangay Officials and at
least 42 barangays.
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The independent variables in this study will be limited to the profile
of the respondents and the assessment of the roles of Barangay Officials
in community development in terms of the given dimensions.
This study will use the descriptive methods because it will use
questionnaire checklist.

Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined operationally according to their
use to ensure clarity of the study.
Barangay Chairman. The chief executive in the barangay elected
at large by the registered voters.
Barangay Officials. It refers to the current elected officials in
barangay Wich include the barangay captain and counsilors.
Community. It means the group of people living together in one
peace or having a common religion or race.
Community Participation. It refers to the action and commitment
of the local leaders to serve and help the community for community
development and sustainability.
Community support. It deals with the support and the
involvements of the citizens and LGUs in the process of community
development.
Economic. IT refers to the status of life that the respondent have.

Elected Position. This refers to the post in local elective position


elected and chosen by the people to serve the community.
Promotion of Peace and Order. It refers to the program of the
Barangays regarding the anti-criminality campaign to maintain the
community peacefully in order to have a safer place to live-in.
Religious Affiliation. This pertains to the religion affiliated by the
respondents.

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