(b) The Working of a Rocket : (ii) Are forces acting on block forms action- reaction

the momentum of a rocket before it is fired is zero. pair.

When the rocket is fired, gases are produced. These (iii) If answer is no, draw action reaction pair.
gases come out of the rear of the rocket with high speed.
The direction of the momentum of the gases coming Sol.(i) F.B.D. of block
out of the rocket is in the downward direction. Thus, to
conserve the momentum of the system i.e., (rocket +
gases), the rocket moves upward with a momentum
equal to the momentum of the gases. So, the rocket
continues to move upward as long as the gases are
ejected out of the rocket. Thus a rocket works on the
basis of the law of conservation of momentum. (ii) ‘N’ and mg are not action -reaction pair. Since pair
7. A bullet of mass 0.01 kg is fired from a gun weighing act on different bodies, and they are of same
5.0 kg. If the speed of the bullet is 250 m/s, calculate nature.
the speed with which the gun recoils.
(iii) Pair of ‘mg’ of block acts on earth in opposite
1 250 direction.
Sol. V = = – 50 m/s
5

SYSTEM
earth
mg
Two or more than two objects which interact with each
other form a system.
Classification of forces on the basis of boundary of
and pair of ‘N’ acts on surface as shown in figure.
system :
N
(a) Internal Forces : Forces acting with in a system
among its constituents.

(b) External Forces : Forces exerted on the 9. Two sphere A and B are placed between two vertical
constituents of a system by the outside walls as shown in figure. Draw the free body diagrams
surroundings are called as external forces. of both the spheres.

B
FREE BODY DIAGRAM A

A free body diagram consists of a diagrammatic

representations of single body or a subsystem of
Sol.F.B.D. of sphere ‘A’ :
bodies isolated from surroundings showing all the
forces acting on it.

 Steps for F.B.D.

Step 1 : Identify the object or system and isolate it from
other objects, clearly specify its boundary.
Step 2 : First draw non-contact external force in the
diagram, generally it is weight.
F.B.D. of sphere ‘B’ :
Step 3 : Draw contact forces which acts at the boundary
(exerted by A)
of the object of system. Contact forces are normal ,
friction, tension and applied force. In F.B.D, internal
forces are not drawn only external are drawn.

8. A block of mass ‘m’ is kept on the ground as shown in

figure.
 Note : Here NAB and NBA are the action - reaction pair
(Newton’s third law).

(i) Draw F.B.D. of block.

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