Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Assignment Brief
BTEC Level 4-5 HNC/HND Diploma (QCF)
Unit Code & Title : K/601/1281 – Unit 09 –SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (SAD)
Date of Submission:
1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment. Use
previous page as your cover sheet and be sure to fill the details correctly.
2. This entire brief should be attached in first before you start answering.
3. All the assignments should prepare using word processing software.
4. All the assignments should print in A4 sized paper, and make sure to only use one side printing.
5. Allow 1” margin on each side of the paper. But on the left side you will need to leave room for
binging.
6. Ensure that your assignment is stapled or secured together in a binder of some sort and attach
the Softcopy (CD) of your final document, system on last page.
Important Points:
1. Check carefully the hand in date and the instructions given with the assignment. Late
submissions will not be accepted.
2. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
3. Don’t leave things such as printing to the last minute – excuses of this nature will not be
accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
4. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
5. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as illness, you
may apply (in writing) for an extension.
6. Failure to achieve at least a PASS grade will result in a REFERRAL grade being given.
7. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic REFERRAL. You will
then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
8. Take great care that if you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, you properly
reference them, using the HARVARD referencing system, in you text and any bibliography,
otherwise you may be guilty of plagiarism.
9. If you are caught plagiarizing you could have your grade reduced to A REFERRAL or at worst you
could be excluded from the course.
I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to present it as
my own without attributing the sources in the correct way. I further understand what it means to copy
another’s work.
Stafford University
Stafford University is a large institution which provides education to vast number of students. The
University consists three faculties namely Art Faculty, Science Faculty and Management Faculty. Each
faculty is supervised by a dean and it contains 3 departments separately. Art Faculty contains History,
Economic and political science Departments. Science Faculty contains IT, Electronic, Electronic and
Statistical Departments Management Faculty contains Finance, HR and Banking Department. Each
faculty offers different programs and each program can be offered by only one faculty. Each program
has a unique code, title, level and duration. Some programs may have one or more prerequisite courses
and one course can be the prerequisite course of some other courses.
The University employs lecturers to teach students. Each lecturer is assigned an ID which is unique
across the whole university. The lecturer’s name, title and the office room should be recorded for
further reference. A supervisor maybe in charge of several lecturers, but a lecturer, however reports to
only one supervisor. A lecturer can teach many different courses. A course may also have been taught
by many different lecturers.
A batch report is printed for Lecturers indicating which courses they will teach. A course catalog is
printed and distributed to the students.
Currently, the students fill out registration forms that indicate their choice in courses, and return the
completed forms to the Registrar’s office. The typical student load is four courses. The staff of the
Registrar’s office then enters the students’ forms into the computer. Once the students’ curriculum for
the semester has been entered, a batch job is run overnight to assign students to courses. Most of the
time student’s get their first choice; however, in those cases where there is a conflict, the Registrar’s
office talks with each student to get additional choices. Once all students have been successfully
assigned to courses, a hard copy of the students’ curriculum is send to the student’s for their
verification. Most student registrations are processed within a week, but some exceptional cases take
up to two weeks to solve.
Student works on courses are awarded a grade in any course if he/she passes the course. Otherwise the
student has to re-take the failed course. The administrator should keep the record the year and term in
which the course was taken and the grade awarded to the student. Every student has a unique ID and
the Administrator records the student name, birthday and the year he/she enrolled in the course.
According to the higher management decision it is decided to start a new faculty for the students who
wish to enroll with the Software Engineering degree programmer which consists 3 years namely
Diploma, Higher National Diploma and the Degree. With the expansion of faculties the higher
management has decided to go for a feasible Software solution to overcome the limitations of the
existing system and the processes.
1.1 Evaluate range of different lifecycle models with their suitability and suggest which model best fits
the scenario (LO 1.1) (M1.1) (D 1.1)
1.2 Discuss the importance of following a procedural/staged lifecycle in a systems investigation by
providing the link of each stages and highlight their importance (LO 1.2)
2.1 Prepare a PowerPoint presentation to assess the impact of different feasibility criteria on a systems
investigation including Technical, Economic, Cultural, Legal, Operational and Schedule feasibility by
highlighting their importance (LO 2.2)
2.2 Discuss the components of a feasibility report including structure, intended audience, outcomes
(LO2.1)
3.1 Provide a summarized description according to the requirements gathered including scope, inputs,
outputs, processes and alternate solutions (LO3.1)
3.2 Draw a Level 0 (Context) and a Level 1Data Flow Diagrams and draw a ER Diagram
(LO 3.2)
Data Flow Diagram should contain:-
Processes
Data Flows
Entities
Data stores
ER Diagram should contain Cardinality constraints among defined Entities
3.3 Create a documentation including background information, problem statements, data collection
process and summary, recommendations, appendices
(LO 3.3)
3.4 Identify user and systems requirements and evaluate how these requirements have been addressed
through your proposed solution (LO 3.4) (D 3.4)
I would like to express my lecture Mr.Indika Sadanuwan for the useful comments. Remarks and
enragement though the learning process of this module.
Furthermore, I would you like to think my friends for the support on the way. And I would you
like to think my loved ones, who have supported me through haut entire process, both by keeping
me harmonious and help me putting pieces together.
The systems development life cycle (SDLC), also referred to as the application development life-
cycle, is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to
describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.
Include the,
Waterfall Model
Spiral Model
Prototyping Model
Rapid Application Development Model
Incremental Model
Agile Model
The following image is a graphical representation of the various stages of the typical SDLC.
Waterfall model
The spiral model is a risk-driven process model generator for software projects. Based on the
unique risk patterns of a given project, the spiral model guides a team to adopt elements of one
or more process models, such as incremental, waterfall, or evolutionary prototyping. The spiral
model is similar to the incremental model, with more emphasis placed on risk analysis. The
spiral model has four phases: Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering and Evaluation. A software
project repeatedly passes through these phases in iterations (called Spirals in this model). The
baseline, spiral, starting in the planning phase, requirements are gathered and risk is
assessed. Each subsequent spiral builds on the baseline spiral. It’s one of the software
development models like Waterfall, Agile, V-Model. But in Stafford requirements are fully
aspectual. Sometimes may be its hard to define objective, verifiable milestones. Spiral model is
not suitable for Stafford University.
RAD model is Rapid Application Development model. It is a type of incremental model. In RAD
model the components or functions are developed in parallel as if they were mini projects. The
developments are time boxed, delivered and then assembled into a working prototype. This can
quickly give the customer something to see and use and to provide feedback regarding the
delivery and their requirements. They are Requires highly skilled developers, cost is very high
because of modeling and coding cost is too much, and this system requires sufficient human
resources to create right number of RAD team. So RAD is not suitable for Stafford University.
In incremental model the whole requirement is divided into various builds. Multiple
development cycles take place here, making the life cycle a “multi-waterfall” cycle. Cycles are
divided up into smaller, more easily managed modules. Incremental model is a type of software
development model like V-model, agile model etc. clear and complete definition about whole
system before it is break down or build incrementally. This model is mostly suitable for huge
projects where the requirement not clear, so incremental model is not compatible with Stafford
University.
Agile SDLC model is a combination of iterative and incremental process models with focus on process
adaptability and customer satisfaction by rapid delivery of working software product. Agile Methods
break the product into small incremental builds. These builds are provided in iterations. Each iteration
typically lasts from about one to three weeks, Every iteration involves cross functional teams working
simultaneously on various areas like Planning, Requirements Analysis, Design, Coding, Unit Testing
and, Acceptance Testing. Only senior programmer can take decision during the development process.
There are some problems in documentations and designing. And the final results can take off the track
because customer requirements are not clear. So this model is use when the customer requirement
changes rapidly. But in Stafford University does not have rapidly requirements. Therefore the Agile
development model is not suitable for Stafford University.
This model requires a clear and complete definition of the whole system before it can be divided
and built gradually. Therefore, the graded model does not fit into this scenario because of
inconsistencies in the process that assigns students to courses.
Spiral model is definitely not a suite for this scenario. Because this is the most expensive model
and the success of the project relies heavily on risk analysis. Very specific experience is
required. According to this scenario, this is not a high-risk project. Therefore, if we use this
model, we should spend more money for highly qualified employees. This is a medium-sized
project, and this is not a threat to the high-level project. Therefore, the spiral model is not
suitable for this type of projects.
I suggest a graceful process model is the most suitable model for the SDLC scenario, since it has
the ability to manage the changes until the end of the requirements. Since it is able to adapt to
changing circumstances regularly, in the form of an elegant process, and stressed people and
instead of interaction processes and tools, we suggest best software solutions using agile process
model.
Software Development Life Cycle, SDLC for short, is a well-defined, structured sequence of
stages in software engineering to develop the intended software product. Development Lifecycle
Software (SDLC) is a framework for determining the tasks performed by each step in the
software development process. SDLC is a structure, followed by the software development team
within the organization. Each processes model follows a particular life in order ensure success in
processes of software development.
Software life cycle model describe phases of the software cycle and the order in which those
phases are executed Requirement are translated in to design. Code is produced according to the
design which is called development phases. After coding and development the testing verifies the
deliverable of the implementation phase against requirement, Even though there is various kind
of SDLC models following six phases are identified in every software life cycle model.
Planning: Without the perfect plan, calculating the strengths and weaknesses of the project,
development of software is meaningless. Planning kicks off a project flawlessly and affects its
progress positively. The analysis of requirements is the most important and the most important
stage in SDLC, usually done by the most trained and conversant software engineers in the
organization. After the requirement gathered from the customer, a scope document is created in
which the scope of the project is determined and documented. The feasibility study and an
analysis are then carrying on analysis the validity of gathered information with the requirement
of the system.
Implementation or coding
The cording is started at this stage after receiving the system design is divided in to modules. A
software developer assigned to work in an allocated part of the work which subs divided under
task allocation according to their skills which lead to an effecting coding. This is the longest
phase in the cycle and main focus of the developer. The programmer follows the coding
guidelines defined by their company and programming tools such as compilers, debuggers are
used to generate code. The different programming languages such as java, C++, HTML, are used
for coding.
Testing
The developing code is it tested against the requirement of justify that the product is actually
fulfill the needs which have gathered at the requirement phase. The functional testing such as
system testing, accepting, unit testing and integration testing and non functional testing are done
at this stage. Quality Analyst tests the developed software or using automates tools. The Quality
Analyst ensures the product is free of errors then it is forwarded to next stage.
Development
The testing successful then the product will be delivered to the client. The beta testing is carried
out by the client. The team will be reported if any bugs are changes are required. The final
development will occur after those reporters are fixed.
The client are using developing the system, issues can be raised from time to time which need
the solution. The processes changing system after it has been delivered is known as
maintenance.
Figure 9 - Slide 1
Figure 10 - Slide 2
Figure 12 - Slide 4
Figure 14 -Slide 6
Figure 16 - Slide 8
Figure 18 - Slide 10
Feasibility study determines where the project is feasible to important. The feasibility report is
the documentation of findings and proposal for the system which ensure that the technically,
economically, legally operational and schedules are viable to continue the project.
Executive summary
This project intends to developing automated software as the solution for the limitations of
prevailing manual system at Stafford University. The software team has identified about the this
university structure, users, weakness and issues of the manual system, requirement of the new
system and solutions for the issues and develop alternative system, for Stafford University
system is useful. The requirement analysis universities develop the software requirement
specification.
System issues
Operational 20% Only support member Full support user System A is the
requirement score -80 requirement -100 differ little score 68
Recommendation
The staff should be will trained for this new operating system.
This organization has to be purchase need technology.
Network connection should be setup and render the service provider.
Hire of training the staff and developing the software.
This organization has to automate the system in “B”.
The staff member has basic knowledge in IT needs training for better results.
The Stafford University is the advance technical equipment and want be purchase
Experience employees in IT should be joined to the organization.
Input
The data enter in to the system is an input. All input should be checked. If the user is entering
improper or invalid data appropriate error messages should display and ask the user correct them.
Student registration details given by the student during they log in to the system should be in the
database. The online- registration from all mandatory fields should be filled otherwise display
error message.
The user identity, password, user name, emails sending Stafford University by student, rating
feedback after receiving register courses for them this university.
Input data new student registration, modification of editing student details response to email
from student, add new course, and add new lectures details and promotion and discount on
bulk purchasing.
Output
The information produced by the system after processes input are output.
The Alternative solution have rank from according to their feasibility in the system as follow
Technology feasibility 4 5 4
Economical feasibility 3 4 2
Legal feasibility 2 5 3
Operational feasibility 4 5 3
Schedule feasibility 5 4 3
Total 18 23 15
Above the table this system B is the most reliable, most suitable and successes system to be
implemented among the alternative system.
ER Diagram
Figure 23 - ER Diagram
We develop this system is to a university, is a well-known university in the country which offers
reputed degrees to the students and have more faculties in the universities. On this university is
that system is manually and the student too have to fill their details on paper and hand it over to
the registrar which creates a mess because with the time the documents can weathered or
misplaced etc, this problems the university have decided to introduce system to work with, so the
work will be efficient in the process.
the new system are to make the work easy at Stafford university it have the ability to work more
efficiently, the students able to inserts to data into the system where the registrar will verify .they
give the confirmation to the system about the data inserted the lectures can publish the results of
the student on the every student can check their results through the system.
We talk about the efficient of the system there is also draw backs with the system, the company
will face a problem for trained the users, the software is new there will be more work needed to
the admin to trained and make the standard of the users.
The admin team have experience in managing the system because they also new to the system
the team also will take time to get experienced on the system.
We have gathered to information on the system how the system is handled and the feedback from
the user which uses the system.
The system understudy administration work, we can relegate another course, yet the issue is that
this is a fundamental slip-up in my enlistment framework. Along these lines, the systems create
up this framework as we can embed subject likewise for every course. Adding a subject as well,
this creates clients can look effortlessly what are the subjects under important course.
It is exceptionally import assignment for such training foundation that keeping reinforcements of
the database, in light of the fact that colossal number of understudy are contemplating in this
college and every one of the points of interest of them are spared in the database which the
product has been associated. Damage happens to the server or information, throughout the
everyday issues of the college will stifle clients proposed that having a method for getting
reinforcements by this system.
Name: ……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Easy install
3. Security system
Types of requirement
User requirement
This idea to the user how the system is done and its functions written in natural language which
the user can understand so we arranged a meeting with the respective registrar in the university
to get more information of the system we need to develop for the software.
Software Requirement
The student Management system which is been built for the Stafford University
Purpose
The purpose of Student Management software for Stafford University, This document wills the
complete declaration of the development of this system. It will also explain system constraints,
user interfaces and interactions with other applications. This system is there to be proposed to the
client for the approval for developing the first version of the software
Scope
Stafford University will be able to register the students through the system. It include course
details are also allowed to be accessed through the system as well the details then can be
authenticated by the register in the university to confirm the student details are correct according
to the information. The lectures can give their subject material through the system. exams results
also be released to that particular student through the system so that they can access through the
system whether they has passed the exams.
Search facility
This enable user to enter search context on the screen, select multiple options on the search
display all the course based on search, enable user navigate between search result and notify the
user when course product is not found.
User profile
The system wills all users create name and password for the profile, update profile information
such as course details, billing details about select course and display course catlog.
User characteristics
Types of users that will use this system, each of these users use the system in different ways and
so they all have different requirements.
Students
Staff members
Admin
Students can use this system to mark their attendance or search their record out to check the
details. Register use the system to update the records of a student or any other activity is done.
Admin use the system to fix an error and maintain the system to make sure the system runs
without any errors
Invoices
The system will be display detailed invoice for course fee it is confirmed and allow user print it.
Payments
The system will display available payment method, allow user to select method and enable user
pay for the courses.
The system change will display the course details that can be changed allow users to change or
cancel the course.
Hardware interfaces
Hardware interface consists of a computer is connected to the network by the use of LAN cable
Software interfaces
This software is what is installed in the computer with communicates with the other hardware
components which make up the system.
Performance requirement
This software is web based it requirement a powerful server machine with high band internet
access. Server machine possesses a powerful central processing unit. The enable to handle
multiple users at the same time, higher storage space allow best performance. The product will
take initial loading time depending on internet strength which depends on the media from which
the product run and performance also depend on hardware component of the client.
Operational requirement
The physical and technical requirement in which the system operates is defined under these
criteria. The system should be cost effective within the budgets margins and able to integrate
with this system run in the business. It also is performing on any web browser.
Security requirement
Security requirement equipped with virus guards and firewalls to block any viruses software
from harming the system and also each authorized staff member is granted a unique username
and password in order to prevent unauthorized access.
Maintainability requirement
This system use to be once every five months to check if there are any errors or corrupted files in
the system, which is slowing down the work, and if there are any they are removed.
Availability
The system availability every day at any time (24/7), But it will not be available if the server is
down for maintenance. And maintenance occur only once per five months
Logical database requirements
The logical database requirement is an essential requirement when building the system as this
system handles mainly used in storing student data. The storage capability of the system will be
put at maximum (e.g. 5 TB Hard disk) as records will be stored. The data stored will be in the
Microsoft office word format (.docx) and also the data will be held in a NTFS (New Technology
File System) formatted hard disk.
The student management system for Stafford University as scenario was given with the
information of how the work inside Stafford University is run. the development of the system a
system requirement specification documentation was made and a feasibility study was done and
a report was created. The concluded that the development model best fit for the development of
the system is the Iterative waterfall model. And by using this development of the model should
take place and in each stage of development the quality should be kept to the maximum as
quality management techniques are used throughout the development life cycle.
The System Analysis and Design subject the main area we learn about is the analysis part which
is demonstrated by the creation of and SRS documentation and a feasibility report and analysis
helps us understand the requirements of a certain system to be made.
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advantages-disadvantages-and-when-to-use-it/. [Accessed 3 February 2018].
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Available at:http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/waterfall-model. [Accessed 5
February 2018].
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WhatIs.com. [ONLINE] Available
at:http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/spiral-model. [Accessed 4 February
2018].
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to use it?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-prototype-model-
advantages-disadvantages-and-when-to-use-it/. [Accessed 6 February 2018].
Chandra venapoosa. (2012). The Evolutionary Prototyping Model | IT Training and Consulting –
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life-cycle/the-evolutionary-prototyping-model.html. [Accessed 9 February 2018].
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[ONLINE] Available at: http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-rad-model-advantages-
disadvantages-and-when-to-use-it/. [Accessed 10 February 2018].
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it?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-agile-model-advantages-
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[Accessed 19 February 2018].
Context – This presentation assessment criteria sheet makes provision for the assessment of student
engagement with the group and the handling of questions. The different features of the assessment
criteria can be adjusted and given different weightings in the overall grid as required.
Best Features-
Suggestions to improve-
Assessor- Date-
IV- Date-