PILE CAP ANALYSIS & DESIGN (ACI318-11)

In accordance with ACI318-11

Mathcad calculation version 15

Pile analysis summary

Unit Applied Allowable Utilization Result
Pile axial compression, pile 4 kN 581 700 0.830 PASS
Pile cap design summary
Unit Required Provided Utilization Result
Flexural reinforcement mm2 5760 (min) 3142 1.833 FAIL
One way shear kN 893 869 1.027 FAIL
One way modified shear kN 1369 746 1.835 FAIL
Two way column shear MPa 1.163 1.134 1.025 FAIL
Two way col. mod. shear MPa 2.945 2.071 1.422 FAIL
Two way pile shear MPa 0.665 1.134 0.586 PASS
One way corner pile shear kN 806 841 0.958 PASS

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Pile cap details
Pile cap width, along x axis; Lx = 4000 mm
Pile cap width, along y axis; Ly = 2500 mm
Total cap depth; Dcap = 800 mm
Density of concrete; γconc = 25 kN/m3
Height of soil above pile cap; hsoil = 0 mm
Density of soil above pile cap; γsoil = 15 kN/m3

Column details
Column width, along x axis; lx,col = 300 mm
Column width, along y axis; ly,col = 300 mm
Column location, x axis; xc = 1250 mm
Column location, y axis; yc = 1500 mm
Pile details
Pile material; Concrete
Concrete pile section; Circular
Pile diameter; hpile = 500 mm
Allowable axial compression load; PpC,allow = 700 kN
Allowable axial tension load; PpT,allow = 300 kN
Allowable lateral load; Vp,allow = 0 kN
Number of piles; Np = 6.000
Pile embedment; dembed = 100 mm
Pile spacing; sp = 1500 mm
Edge distance; E = 500 mm
Surcharge loads
Surcharge dead load; pD,sur = 2.0 kN/m2
Surcharge live loads; pL,sur = 4.0 kN/m2
Column axial loads
Axial dead load; PD = 1500 kN
Total area axial dead load; PD,area = γconc × Lx × Ly
× Dcap + pD,sur × (Lx × Ly - lx,col × ly,col) = 219.8 kN
Total area axial live load;
Column shear loads
Shear dead load, along x axis;
Shear dead load, along y axis;
Column moment loads
Moment dead load, about x-x axis;
Moment dead load, about y-y axis;
Pile group centroid
Centroid location, x direction;
Centroid location, y direction;
Pile distance from centroid
Pile 1 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 1 centroid distance, y direction;
Pile 2 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 2 centroid distance, y direction;
Pile 3 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 3 centroid distance, y direction;
Pile 4 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 4 centroid distance, y direction;
Pile 5 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 5 centroid distance, y direction;
Pile 6 centroid distance, x direction;
Pile 6 centroid distance, y direction;
Moment of inertia of pile group
Moment of inertia about x-x axis;
3375000 mm2
Moment of inertia about y-y axis;
9000000 mm2
Loading eccentricity
Eccentricity of column load, x direction;
Eccentricity of column load, y direction;
Dead load pile forces
Dead load moment about x-x axis;
Dead load moment about y-y axis;
Dead axial load on pile 1;
Dead axial load on pile 2;
Dead axial load on pile 3;
Dead axial load on pile 4;
PL,area = pL,sur × (Lx × Ly
- lx,col × ly,col) = 39.6 kN
VxD = 100 kN
VyD = 50 kN
MxD = 160.0 kNm
MyD = -350.0 kNm
xpg,c = (xp1 + xp2 + xp3 + xp4 + xp5 + xp6) / Np = 2000 mm
ypg,c = (yp1 + yp2 + yp3 + yp4 + yp5 + yp6) / Np = 1250 mm
xp1,c = xp1 - xpg,c = -1500 mm
yp1,c = yp1 - ypg,c = -750 mm
xp2,c = xp2 - xpg,c = 0 mm
yp2,c = yp2 - ypg,c = -750 mm
xp3,c = xp3 - xpg,c = 1500 mm
yp3,c = yp3 - ypg,c = -750 mm
xp4,c = xp4 - xpg,c = -1500 mm
yp4,c = yp4 - ypg,c = 750 mm
xp5,c = xp5 - xpg,c = 0 mm
yp5,c = yp5 - ypg,c = 750 mm
xp6,c = xp6 - xpg,c = 1500 mm
yp6,c = yp6 - ypg,c = 750 mm
Ixx = yp1,c2 + yp2,c2 + yp3,c2 + yp4,c2 + yp5,c2 + yp6,c2 =
Iyy = xp1,c2 + xp2,c2 + xp3,c2 + xp4,c2 + xp5,c2 + xp6,c2 =
ex,c = xc - xpg,c = -750 mm
ey,c = yc - ypg,c = 250 mm
MxD,Des = MxD + (-1) × PD × ey,c + (-1) × VyD × Dcap = -255
kNm
MyD,Des = MyD + PD × ex,c + VxD × Dcap = -1395 kNm
Pp1,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp1,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp1,c / Ixx = 462
kN
Pp2,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp2,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp2,c / Ixx = 230
kN
Pp3,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp3,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp3,c / Ixx = -3 kN
Pp4,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp4,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp4,c / Ixx = 576
kN
Dead axial load on pile 5;
Dead axial load on pile 6;
Live load pile forces
Live load moment about x-x axis;
Live load moment about y-y axis;
Live axial load on pile 1;
Live axial load on pile 2;
Live axial load on pile 3;
Live axial load on pile 4;
Live axial load on pile 5;
Live axial load on pile 6;
ASCE 7-10 load combinations (ASD)
1.0D + 0.75L + 0.75Lr + 0.45W (FAIL)
Combination 11 results: 1.0D + 0.75L + 0.75Lr + 0.45W
Pile 6 axial load;
PASS - Pile allowable compression load exceeds axial force
Pile cap design
Material details
Compressive strength of concrete;
Concrete type;
Concrete modification factor;
Yield strength of reinforcement;
Nominal cover to top reinforcement;
Nominal cover to bottom reinforcement;
ASCE 7-10 load combinations (LRFD)
1.4D (1.835)
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr (1.833)
Combination 1 results: 1.4D
Moment design, about x-x axis, positive moment
Ultimate bending moment;
Tension reinforcement provided;
Area of tension reinforcement provided;
Minimum area of reinforcement (10.5.4);
FAIL - Minimum area of reinforcement exceeds area of reinforcement provided
Maximum spacing of reinforcement (10.5.4);
PASS - Maximum permissible reinforcement spacing exceeds actual spacing
Depth to tension reinforcement;
Depth of compression block;
Neutral axis factor;
Depth to neutral axis;
Strain in tensile reinforcement (10.3.5);
Pp5,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp5,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp5,c / Ixx = 343
kN
Pp6,D = (PD + PD,area) /
Np + MyD,Des × xp6,c / Iyy + MxD,Des × (-1) × yp6,c / Ixx = 111
kN
MxL,Des = 0 kNm = 0 kNm
MyL,Des = 0 kNm = 0 kNm
Pp1,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp2,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp3,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp4,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp5,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp6,L = (PL + PL,area) / Np = 7 kN
Pp6 = 1.0 × Pp6,D + 0.75 × Pp6,L +
0.75 × Pp6,Lr + 0.45 × Pp6,W = 115.8 kN
max(Pp6 / PpC,allow,0) = 0.165
f'c = 21.000 MPa
Normal weight
λ=1
fy = 420.000 MPa
cnom,top = 75 mm
cnom,bot = 75 mm
Mu = 783.1 kNm
(10) 20 mm φ bot bars (425 mm c/c)
As.prov = 3142 mm2
As.min = 0.0018 × Lx × Dcap = 5760 mm2
smax = min(3 × Dcap, 457 mm) = 457 mm
d = Dcap - dembed - cnom,bot - φy.bot / 2 = 615 mm
a = As.prov × fy / (0.85 × f'c × Lx) = 18 mm
β1 = 0.85
c = a / β1 = 22 mm
εt = 0.003 × d / c - 0.003 = 0.08186
 PASS - Tensile strain exceeds minimum required, 0.004
Nominal moment capacity; Mn = As.prov × fy × (d - a / 2) = 799.3 kNm
Flexural strength reduction factor; φf = min(max(0.65 + (εt - 0.002) × (250 / 3), 0.65), 0.9) =
0.900
Design moment capacity; φMn = φf × Mn = 719.4 kNm
Mu / φMn = 1.089
FAIL - Ultimate moment load exceeds design moment capacity
Geometry factor (15.4.4.2); βf = Lx / Ly = 1.600
Area of reinf. req. for uniform distribution (CRSI); As.dist.req = As.freq × 2 × βf / (βf + 1) = 4280 mm2
FAIL - Reinforcement cannot be distributed uniformly
One-way shear design, along x axis
Ultimate shear force; Vu = 892.8 kN
Depth to reinforcement; dv = dx.bot = 595 mm
Shear strength reduction factor; φv = 0.75
Nominal shear capacity (Eq. 11-3); Vn = 0.17 × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) × Ly × dv = 1158.8 kN
Design shear capacity; φVn = φv × Vn = 869.1 kN
Vu / φVn = 1.027
FAIL - Ultimate shear load exceeds design shear capacity
One-way shear design at column face, along x axis, left side
Ultimate shear force at face of column; Vu = 1368.9 kN
Ultimate moment force at face of column; Mu = 937.5 kNm
Depth to reinforcement; dv = dx.bot = 595 mm
Distance to nearest pile; wL = 600 mm
Shear strength reduction factor; φv = 0.75
Nominal shear capacity (CRSI Section 5.3); Vn = min((dv / (wL + etolerance)) × (3.5 - 2.5 × min(1.0,Mu /
(Vu × dv))) × (1.9 × λ × √(f'c × 1 psi) + 0.1 × λ × √(f'c × 1
psi) × max(1.0,Vu × dv / Mu)),10 × λ × √(f'c × 1 psi)) × Ly ×
dv = 994.9 kN
Design shear capacity; φVn = φv × Vn = 746.2 kN
Vu / φVn = 1.835
FAIL - Ultimate shear load exceeds design shear capacity
Column two way shear design
Depth to reinforcement; dv2 = 595 mm
Shear perimeter length; lx,perim = 1698 mm
Shear perimeter width; ly,perim = 1448 mm
Shear perimeter (11.11.1.2); bo = lx,perim + ly,perim = 3145 mm
Area inside shear perimeter; AInsidePerim = lx,perim × ly,perim = 2457131.250 mm2
Ultimate shear load; Vu =
abs(Sum(Pp1,LRFD1,Pp2,LRFD1,Pp3,LRFD1,Pp4,LRFD1,Pp5,LRFD1,P
p6,LRFD1) - 1.4 × (γconc × Dcap + pD,sur) × (Acap - AInsidePerim))
= 2175.4 kN
Ultimate shear stress from vertical load; vug = max(Vu / (bo × dv2),0 MPa) = 1.163 MPa
Column geometry factor (11.11.2.1); β = ly,col / lx,col = 1.00
Column location factor (11.11.2.1); αs =20
Concrete shear strength (11.11.2.1); vcpa = 0.17 × (1 + 2 / β) × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) = 2.337 MPa
vcpb = 0.083 × (αs × dv2 / bo + 2) × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) =
2.200 MPa
vcpc = 0.33 × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) = 1.512 MPa

Shear strength reduction factor;
Nominal shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-2);
Design shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-1);
FAIL - Ultimate shear load exceeds design shear capacity
Column modified two way shear design
Depth to reinforcement;
Distance to closest pile, x direction;
Distance to closest pile, y direction;
Shear perimeter length;
Shear perimeter width;
Shear perimeter, modified (CRSI 5.3);
Area inside shear perimeter;
Ultimate shear load;
Ultimate shear stress from vertical load;
Concrete shear strength, modified (CRSI 5.3);
Shear strength reduction factor;
Nominal shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-2);
Design shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-1);
FAIL - Ultimate shear load exceeds design shear capacity
Pile two way shear design, pile 4
Depth to reinforcement;
Shear perimeter length;
Shear perimeter width;
Shear perimeter (11.11.1.2);
Ultimate shear load;
Ultimate shear stress from vertical load;
Pile geometry factor (11.11.2.1);
Pile location factor (11.11.2.1);
Pile shear strength (11.11.2.1);
2.981 MPa
Shear strength reduction factor;
Nominal shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-2);
Design shear stress capacity (Eq. 11-1);
PASS - Design shear capacity exceeds ultimate shear load
One-way corner pile shear design, pile 1
Ultimate shear force;
vcp = min(vcpa,vcpb,vcpc) = 1.512 MPa
φv = 0.75
vn = min(vcpa,vcpb,vcpc) = 1.512 MPa
φvn = φv × vn = 1.134 MPa
vug / φvn = 1.025
dv2 = 595 mm
wx = 600 mm
wy = 350 mm
lx,perim = 300 mm
ly,perim = 300 mm
bs = 2 × (lx,col) + 2 × (ly,col) = 1200 mm
AInsidePerim = lx,perim × ly,perim = 90000.000 mm2
Vu =
abs(Sum(Pp1,LRFD1,Pp2,LRFD1,Pp3,LRFD1,Pp4,LRFD1,Pp5,LRFD1,P
p6,LRFD1) - 1.4 × (γconc × Dcap + pD,sur) × (Acap - AInsidePerim))
= 2102.5 kN
vumod = max(Vu / (bs × dv2),0 MPa) = 2.945 MPa
vcp.mod = min((dv2 / (2 ×(wy + etolerance))) × (bo / bs) × vcp,
32 × √(f'c × 1 MPa)) = 2.761 MPa
φv = 0.75
vn = vcp.col.mod = 2.761 MPa
φvn = φv × vn.col.mod = 2.071 MPa
vumod / φvn = 1.422
dv2 = 595 mm
lx,perim = 1019 mm
ly,perim = 1019 mm
bo = lx,perim + ly,perim = 2038 mm
Vu = abs(Pp4,LRFD1) = 806.1 kN
vug = max(Vu / (bo × dv2),0 MPa) = 0.665 MPa
β = ly,pile / lx,pile = 1.00
αs =20
vcpa = 0.17 × (1 + 2 / β) × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) = 2.337 MPa
vcpb = 0.083 × (αs × dv2 / bo + 2) × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) =
vcpc = 0.33 × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) = 1.512 MPa
vcp = min(vcpa,vcpb,vcpc) = 1.512 MPa
φv = 0.75
vn = min(vcpa,vcpb,vcpc) = 1.512 MPa
φvn = φv × vn = 1.134 MPa
vug / φvn = 0.586
Vu = abs(Pp1,LRFD1) = 647.5 kN
 Depth to reinforcement; dv2 = min(dx.bot,dy.bot) = 595 mm
Width of design section; b = (min(yp1,Ly - yp1) + min(xp1,Lx - xp1) + (dp / 2 +
min(dv2,330 mm) - etolerance) / sin(45 deg)) / sin(45 deg) =
2420 mm
Shear strength reduction factor; φv = 0.75
Nominal shear capacity (Eq. 11-3); Vn = 0.17 × λ × √(f'c × 1 MPa) × b × dv2 = 1121.8 kN
Design shear capacity; φVn = φv × Vn = 841.4 kN
Vu / φVn = 0.770
PASS - Design shear capacity exceeds ultimate shear load

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