Physica A 514 (2019) 819–829

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Physica A
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/physa

A new κ -deformed parametric model for the size distribution

of wealth
∗
Adams Vallejos, Ignacio Ormazábal, Félix A. Borotto, Hernán F. Astudillo
Departamento de Física, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Grupo de Sistemas Complejos, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

highlights

• Our distribution generalizes previous statistical distributions.

• We provide the moments and other useful statistical tools.
• Our distribution can be utilized to analyze the whole range of income distributions.

article info a b s t r a c t

Article history: It has been pointed out by Patriarca et al. (2005) that the power-law tailed equilibrium
Received 11 May 2018 distribution in heterogeneous kinetic exchange models with a distributed saving parameter
Received in revised form 8 August 2018 can be resolved as a mixture of Gamma distributions corresponding to particular subsets
Available online xxxx
of agents. Here, we propose a new four-parameter statistical distribution which is a κ -
Keywords: deformation of the Generalized Gamma distribution with a power-law tail, based on the
κ -deformed distribution deformed exponential and logarithm functions introduced by Kaniadakis (2001). We found
Wealth distribution that this new distribution is also an extension to the κ -Generalized distribution proposed
Kinetic exchange models by Clementi et al. (2010), with an additional shape parameter ν , and properly reproduces
the whole range of the distribution of wealth in such heterogeneous kinetic exchange
models. We also provide various associated statistical measures and inequality measures.
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1. Introduction

During the last decades the study of income and wealth distributions has been a matter of great interest not only for
economists but also for mathematicians and physicists. From a statistical physics perspective, the first agent based model [1]
considered a closed economic system of money-exchanging agents in analogy with a particle gas of interacting particles,
that is, a large set of N interacting components exchanging a (conservative) quantity x representing money, income and/or
wealth indistinctly. The system evolves according to a simple trading rule: in a given moment, a pair of agents (i, j) with
money (xi , xj ) respectively, exchange a certain amount ∆x following the rule:

x′i = xi − ∆x, (1a)

x′j = xj + ∆x, (1b)
where (x′i , x′j ) stands for the remaining money of the pair after the interaction. If this procedure is iterated many times, the
system approaches a steady state characterized by a distribution function f (x). From (1) it is straightforward to realize that

∗ Correspondence to: Av. Esteban Iturra s/n - Barrio Universitario, Concepción, Chile
E-mail address: hastudil@udec.cl (H.F. Astudillo).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.09.060
0378-4371/© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.