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Selection and installation of safety

valve
https://www.steeljrv.com/selection-and-installation-of-safety-valve.html
2019-04-04

 Industry News
 News

What is a safety valve?

The safety valve used in pressure equipment, container or pipeline, as the overpressure
protection device. When the equipment, container or piping within the pressure exceeds
the allowable value, the valve automatically opens, then the whole amount of emissions,
to prevent the equipment, container or piping within the pressure continues to rise; when
the pressure is reduced to the specified value, the valve should be closed automatically in
a timely manner, so as to protect the safe operation of equipment, container or piping.

Nominal terms Classification of safety valves

Selection of safety valve How to order safety valve
System safety valve by valve inlet pressure of the direct drive, in this case is the
mechanical load provided by springs or weights to overcome the effect of the bottom of
the medium pressure valve. They can also be driven by a body to guide, open or closed
by applying a closing force to the valve through the release of the agency or. Therefore, in

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accordance with the drive mode will be divided into direct acting valve and pilot.
Safety valve opening height in the entire range or in the open within the opening height
ratio is quite large, also may open only a tiny proportion of the height range open, then
suddenly open to the fully open position. Therefore, can be divided into the proportional
valve and the full opening.
To determine the structure, application and public safety valve should be subject to
regulations, or should be a statutory authority to agree. Between different specifications,
terms of its constraints and the definition may be different. In the application of safety
valve, must follow the applicable specifications.
The safety valve is an automatic valve, in the structure and performance parameters and
the valves have many differences. Some special terminology easy to confuse, in order to
enable users to more clearly understand the safety valve, and correctly use the following
terminology to explain some of the main.

Safety valve nominal terms:

 (1) Safety valve: an automatic valve. It does not use any external force, but the
use of medium fertility to a nominal amount of fluid discharged to prevent the
system pressure exceeds a predetermined safety value; when the pressure
returned to normal, the valve closed again, and prevent the media continue to run.
 (2) Direct loading type safety valve. A mechanical load by the direct effect of the
safety valve, such as hammer, lever and weight or spring to overcome the medium
pressure valve produced by force.
 (3) Assisted safety valve. The safety valve with a power assist device, can open
the pressure below the normal open. Even if the auxiliary device failure, the safety
valve can still meet the requirements of standard.
 (4) With added load safety valve. This safety valve in the inlet pressure to remain
open before the pressure of a sealed pressure increase. The additional force
(supplementary load) provided by the external energy, and opening pressure
should be achieved reliably release in safety valve. Its size should be set so that
the additional force is not released, still in the inlet pressure relief valve opening
pressure does not exceed the provisions of state laws and regulations under the
premise of the percentage of rated displacement.
 (5) The pilot type safety valve. A safety valve on the media discharged from the
pilot valve to drive or control. The pilot valve itself should be directly in line with
requirements of the standard load safety valve.

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 (6) The proportion of type safety valve. An opening height in the entire range or in
the open safety valve to open or close the height range of the considerable
proportion.
 (7) Safety valve. Only in a small proportion of open range of opening height, then
suddenly open the valve to the full open position. The opening height of not less
than 1/4 channel diameter.
 (8) Micro open type safety valve. Is a direct effect only for liquid medium type
safety valve. The opening height in 1/40 ~ 1/20 channel diameter range.
 (9) Opening pressure (nominal pressure). Safety valve began to rise in the
operating conditions of the inlet pressure, the pressure began to measure the
opening height, the media was by visual or auditory continuous emission state of
the heavenly stems and earthly branches.
 (10) The discharge pressure. Open the valve to reach the required height of the
inlet pressure. The maximum discharge pressure required to follow the relevant
national standards or specifications.
 (11) Over pressure. Discharge pressure and opening pressure difference, usually
expressed as a percentage of opening pressure.
 (12) The back seat pressure. After the discharge valve with the valve seat again,
that turned into a zero height of inlet pressure.
 (13) The opening and closing pressure. The opening pressure and back seat
pressure difference, the percentage usually back seat pressure and opening
pressure, only when used on low pressure the pressure difference said.
 (14) The back pressure. Safety valve outlet pressure.
 (15) Rated discharge pressure. Standard discharge pressure limit.
 (16) Seal test pressure. To seal the inlet pressure test, measured by the pressure
off parts of the sealing surface of the leakage rate.
 (17) Leave the valve closed position of the actual lift.
 (18) The flow area. The valve inlet to the minimum cross-sectional area close to
the sealing surface between the channel, without any resistance displacement
theory is used to calculate the influence of.
 (19) The channel diameter. For the diameter of flow area.
 (20) Curtain area. When the valve flap in the seat above, in the sealing surface
formed between the cylindrical or cone-shaped channel surface area.
 (21) Emission area. The minimum cross-sectional area of the valve when the fluid
discharge channel. The Enlightenment of the safety valve, the discharge area
equal to the flow area; the micro open type safety valve, the discharge area equal
to the area of the curtain.

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 (22) The theory of displacement. Is to calculate the displacement of the flow

cross-sectional area and valve flow area equal to the ideal nozzle.
 (23) Displacement coefficient. The ratio of the actual displacement and theoretical
displacement.
 (24) The discharge coefficient and reduction coefficient (0.9) of the product.
 (25) Rated capacity. Refers to the actual displacement is allowed as part of the
safety valve for reference.
 (26) The applicable conditions of pressure, temperature, dielectric properties and
other conditions of displacement and rated the same, the calculation of valve
displacement.
 (27) Safety valve abnormalities rapidly back and forth movement, the movement
of the valve seat contact.
 (28) Safety valve abnormalities rapidly back and forth movement, the movement
does not touch the valve seat.

Classification of safety valves

Classification Types of Description
Directly relying on the force generated by the
medium pressure to overcome the
Direct acting
mechanical load acting on the valve flap to
open the valve.
It consists of a main valve and a pilot
valve. The main valve is driven or controlled
According to the Pilot
by the medium discharged from the pilot
principle of action
valve
Indirect
An additional force to enhance the seal is
action
With maintained until the inlet pressure reaches
supplementary the opening pressure. This additional force
load should be reliably released when the valve
reaches the opening pressure
The opening height changes gradually as
Proportional action
the pressure increases
The opening process is divided into two
According to the stages: at first the valve flap opens
action proportionally with the increase of pressure.
Both ends acting (bounce
characteristics After the pressure rises to a small value, the
action)
valve flap is rapidly opened to the specified
height when the pressure is almost no longer
increased.
Press to open Micro-open The opening height is in the range of

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height 1/40~1/20 channel diameter

Opening height is greater than or equal to
Fully open
1/4 of the diameter of the runner
Opening height between micro-open and
Zhongqi
full-open
Balance the back pressure with a bellows,
Press with or piston or diaphragm to balance the action of
Back pressure balance
without back the back pressure on the upper and lower
pressure balance sides of the valve
mechanism Without back pressure balancing
Conventional
components
Heavy hammer or lever Load directly with a heavy hammer or load
Press valve weight with a heavy hammer
loading Spring type Spring loaded
Air chamber Load with compressed air

Selection of safety valve

Applicable conditions Safety valve type
Liquid medium Proportional active safety valve
Gas medium, the necessary emissions
Fully open safety valve
are large
When the displacement is large, use several
safety valves at both ends, the total displacement
The required displacement is variable is equal to the maximum required displacement.
When the required displacement is small, the
proportional action safety valve is used.
The additional back pressure is
atmospheric pressure, a fixed value, or
Conventional safety valve
a large amount of change (relative to
the opening pressure)
The additional back pressure is
variable and the amount of change is Back pressure balanced safety valve
large (relative to the opening pressure)
Require quick response Direct acting safety valve
The required displacement is large, or
the caliber and pressure are large, and Pilot operated safety valve
the sealing requirements are high.
High sealing requirements, opening
pressure and working pressure are Safety valve with supplementary load
very close
Mobile or vibrated pressurized
Spring-loaded safety valve
equipment

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Do not allow media to spill into the

surrounding environment, or need to Closed safety valve
recover the displacement of the media
The medium can be released to the
surrounding environment and the Open safety valve
medium temperature is high
High medium temperature Safety valve with heat sink
The selection of the safety valve is closely related to the system being protected. The
selected safety valve should be able to discharge the overpressure medium in the
protected system within the specified time to ensure that the pressure in the system is
lower than the design pressure of the system. Therefore, the reliability of the safety valve
is directly related to the safe and economic operation and personal safety of the protected
system.

First, the principle of safety valve setting.

The basic principle of the safety valve setting is for clean, particle-free, low viscosity fluids.
When a safety valve must be provided where there are particles, it should be considered
to add a filter before the safety valve, provided that the performance of the safety valve is
not affected.
Second, the pressure system of one of the following conditions must be installed
with a safety valve.

1. The pressure material of the container is from the occasion without safety valve.
2. Containers and pipes designed to have a pressure less than the pressure source
3. The outlet pipe of the volume pump and compressor
4. If there is a shut-off valve and a control valve on the outlet pipe of the heating
furnace, a safety valve should be installed at the front end.
5. The part of the liquid that is thermally expanded due to the closing of the valve at
both ends
6. Other overpressure parts

Third, the following occasions are not suitable for configuring safety valves

1. System pressure may rise rapidly, such as chemical explosions.

2. The diarrhea medium contains particles, easy to precipitate, easy to crystallize,
easy to polymerize and medium viscosity
3. The diarrhea medium is highly corrosive, and the price is too high when using a
safety valve
4. The working pressure is very low or very high, at this time the safety valve is more
difficult to manufacture

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5. Need a larger area of diarrhea

6. The system temperature is low and affects the safety valve operating performance

Fourth, the safety valve and rupture disc should be used in combination in the
following cases.

1. The medium is very expensive or highly toxic, and there is no leakage in the
middle of the work process.
2. Increase the discharge area under abnormal conditions (such as fire)

How to order safety valve?

When the user chooses the safety valve, he should first calculate according to the actual
working condition, determine the specific model, and order according to the need. When
placing an order, at least the following items should be indicated on the order:

 A. Type of safety valve, nominal diameter, runner diameter, connection form of

inlet and outlet, pressure level;
 B. Operation pressure and setting pressure of safety valve;
 C. Material of safety valve (material of valve body, inner parts, spring, etc
 D. Standards for manufacturing and acceptance of safety valves.

(2) Special requirements:

 A. Maximum allowable excess pressure;

 B. Necessary displacement and number of valves to be installed;
 C. Physical properties of the medium, the name of the medium used, its weight or
molar mass, and component ratio;
 D. Medium working temperature, discharge temperature, etc.
 E. Back pressure of relief valve;
 F. Closed type, wrench, etc.

Source: China Safety Valves Manufacturer – Yaang Pipe Industry Co., Limited
(www.steeljrv.com)

(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless
steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges,
Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in

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Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage

treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)

If you want to have more information about the article or you want to share your opinion
with us, contact us at sales@steeljrv.com

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Summary

Article Name
Selection and installation of safety valve
Description
The selection of the safety valve is closely related to the system being protected. The selected
safety valve should be able to discharge the overpressure medium in the protected system
within the specified time to ensure that the pressure in the system is lower than the design
pressure of the system.
Author
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Publisher Name
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Publisher Logo

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