Density of Benzene

Abstract
Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C₆H₆. The benzene molecule is
composed of six carbon atoms joined in a ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. As it contains
only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Wikipedia

Boiling point: 80.1 °C

Formula: C6H6

Density: 876 kg/m³

Molar mass: 78.11 g/mol

Melting point: 5.5 °C

Benzene - Density and Specific Weight
figures and table showing density and specific weight of benzene, C6H6, at temperatures
ranging from 5 to 325 °C (42 to 620 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units
Density, ρ:- has units typically [kg/m3] or [lb/ft3], and is defined by the ratio of the mass to the
volume of a substance:
𝑚
𝜌 = [1]
𝑉
where m = mass, units typically [kg] or [lb]
V = volume, units typically [m3] or [ft3]

Specific weight, 𝜸:- has units typically [N/m3] or [lbf/ft3] is defined by the ratio of the weight to
the volume of a substance:
𝑚∗ 𝑔
𝛾 = = 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 [2]
𝑉
where g = acceleration due to gravity, units typically [m/s2] and value on Earth usually given as
9.80665 [m/s2] or 32.17405 [ft/s2]
Tabulated values of benzene density and specific weight at given temperature and pressure (SI
and Imperial units) as well as density units’ conversion are given below the figures.
Density of benzene along the boiling and condensation curve, SI and Imperial units:
The density of liquid benzene is nearly the same for all pressures up to 100 bara, and the
density of the liquid at equilibrium pressure can be used for most practical purposes.
Density of benzene vapor (singel phase) at varying temperature and given pressures, SI and
Imperial units:
Density and specific weight of benzene at given temperatures and pressures:

Temperature Pressure Density Specific weight

State
[g/l],
[K] [°C] [°F] [MPa] [bara] [psia] [mol/dm3] [lb/ft3] [sl/ft3] [N/m3] [lbf/ft3]
[kg/m3]

278.70 5.55 41.99 0.0048 0.0480 0.696 11.44 893.7 55.79 1.734 8764 55.8
280 6.9 44.3 0.0051 0.0515 0.747 11.42 892.4 55.71 1.731 8751 55.7
295 21.9 71.3 0.0110 0.110 1.59 11.23 877.0 54.75 1.702 8600 54.7
310 36.9 98.3 0.0214 0.214 3.10 11.02 861.1 53.76 1.671 8445 53.8
325 51.9 125 0.0388 0.388 5.62 10.82 844.9 52.74 1.639 8285 52.7
340 66.9 152 0.0661 0.661 9.59 10.61 828.4 51.71 1.607 8124 51.7
Liquid at
370 96.9 206 0.165 1.6531 24.0 10.17 794.4 49.59 1.541 7790 49.6
400 127 260 0.353 3.528 51.2 9.712 758.6 47.36 1.472 7440 47.4
equilibrium
430 157 314 0.669 6.687 97.0 9.220 720.2 44.96 1.397 7063 45.0
460 187 368 1.158 11.58 168 8.675 677.6 42.30 1.315 6645 42.3
490 217 422 1.869 18.69 271 8.041 628.1 39.21 1.219 6159 39.2
520 247 476 2.861 28.61 415 7.242 565.7 35.31 1.098 5547 35.3
550 277 530 4.21 42.1 611 5.977 466.9 29.15 0.9059 4579 29.1
562.05 288.9 552.0 4.90 49.0 711 3.956 309.0 19.29 0.5996 3030 19.3

278.7 5.55 41.99 0.0048 0.0480 0.696 0.00208 0.1623 0.01013 3.15E-04 1.59 0.0101
280 6.9 44.3 0.0051 0.0515 0.747 0.00222 0.1733 0.01082 3.36E-04 1.70 0.0108
310 36.9 98.3 0.0214 0.214 3.10 0.00838 0.6546 0.04086 0.00127 6.42 0.0409
340 66.9 152 0.0661 0.661 9.59 0.02397 1.872 0.1169 0.00363 18.4 0.117
370 96.9 206 0.165 1.6531 24.0 0.05636 4.402 0.2748 0.00854 43.2 0.275
Gas at
400 127 260 0.353 3.528 51.2 0.1153 9.003 0.5621 0.01747 88.3 0.562
430 157 314 0.669 6.687 97.0 0.2136 16.69 1.042 0.03238 164 1.04
equilibrium
460 187 368 1.158 11.58 168 0.3706 28.95 1.807 0.05617 284 1.81
490 217 422 1.869 18.69 271 0.6193 48.38 3.020 0.09386 474 3.02
520 247 476 2.861 28.61 415 1.035 80.84 5.047 0.1569 793 5.05
550 277 530 4.21 42.1 611 1.924 150.3 9.383 0.2916 1474 9.38
562.05 288.9 552.0 4.90 49.0 711 3.956 309.0 19.29 0.5996 3030 19.3
 Temperature Pressure Density Specific weight

State
[g/l],
[K] [°C] [°F] [MPa] [bara] [psia] [mol/dm3] [lb/ft3] [sl/ft3] [N/m3] [lbf/ft3]
[kg/m3]

300 26.9 80.3 0.1 1 14.5 11.161 871.8 54.43 1.692 8550 54.4
Liquid 350 76.9 170 0.1 1 14.5 10.462 817.2 51.02 1.586 8014 51.0
352.81 79.7 175.4 0.1 1 14.5 10.421 814.0 50.82 1.579 7983 50.8
352.81 79.7 175.4 0.1 1 14.5 0.03523 2.752 0.1718 0.005340 27.0 0.172
400 127 260 0.1 1 14.5 0.03071 2.399 0.1498 0.004655 23.5 0.150
450 177 350 0.1 1 14.5 0.02711 2.118 0.1322 0.004109 20.8 0.132
Gas
500 227 440 0.1 1 14.5 0.02430 1.898 0.1185 0.003683 18.6 0.118
550 277 530 0.1 1 14.5 0.02203 1.721 0.1074 0.003339 16.9 0.107
600 327 620 0.1 1 14.5 0.02016 1.575 0.0983 0.003056 15.4 0.0983

300 26.9 80.3 1 10 145 11.17 872.5 54.47 1.693 8556 54.5
Liquid 350 76.9 170 1 10 145 10.48 818.3 51.08 1.588 8025 51.1
400 127 260 1 10 145 9.728 759.9 47.44 1.474 7452 47.4
450 177 350 1 10 145 8.866 692.5 43.23 1.344 6791 43.2
451.58 178.4 353.2 1 10 145 8.835 690.1 43.08 1.339 6768 43.1
451.58 178.4 353.2 1 10 145 0.3191 24.9 1.556 0.04836 244 1.56
Gas
500 227 440 1 10 145 0.2703 21.1 1.318 0.04096 207 1.32
550 277 530 1 10 145 0.2373 18.5 1.157 0.03596 182 1.16
600 327 620 1 10 145 0.2130 16.6 1.039 0.03228 163 1.04

300 26.9 80.3 5 50 725 11.21 875.9 54.68 1.699 8589 54.7
Liquid
350 76.9 170 5 50 725 10.54 823.1 51.38 1.597 8072 51.4
400 127 260 5 50 725 9.821 767.1 47.89 1.488 7523 47.9
450 177 350 5 50 725 9.024 704.9 44.00 1.368 6913 44.0
500 227 440 5 50 725 8.042 628.2 39.21 1.219 6160 39.2
550 277 530 5 50 725 6.408 500.5 31.25 0.9711 4908 31.2
Supercritical
600 327 620 5 50 725 1.554 121.4 7.578 0.2355 1190 7.58
phase

300 26.9 80.3 10 100 1450 11.26 879.8 54.92 1.707 8628 54.9
Liquid
350 76.9 170 10 100 1450 10.61 828.6 51.73 1.608 8126 51.7
400 127 260 10 100 1450 9.926 775.3 48.40 1.504 7603 48.4
450 177 350 10 100 1450 9.189 717.7 44.81 1.393 7039 44.8
500 227 440 10 100 1450 8.342 651.6 40.68 1.264 6390 40.7
550 277 530 10 100 1450 7.276 568.4 35.48 1.103 5574 35.5
Supercritical
600 327 620 10 100 1450 5.711 446.1 27.85 0.8656 4375 27.8
phase
Calculation by DIPPR105 Equation
A
ρ = 𝑡
1+(1+ )𝐷
B 𝐶

DIPPR105 Equation Parameters (Density in kg/m3, T in K)

No. A B C D Tmin Tmax
(1) 80.3682 0.266457 561.65 0.28797 273 561

Calculation Over Validity Range

Temperature Density Temperature Density Temperature Density
[K] [K/m3] [K] [K/m3] [K] [K/m3]
273 898.7 405.5 752.9 532.2 531.1
278.8 893.1 411.2 745.6 538 513.2
284.5 887.4 417 738.1 543.7 492.6
290.3 881.6 422.8 730.4 549.5 467.7
296 875.8 428.5 722.6 555.2 434.4
301.8 870 434.3 714.7 561 364.3
307.6 864.1 440 706.6
313.3 858.1 445.8 698.3
319.1 852.1 451.6 689.8
324.8 846 457.3 681.1
330.6 839.8 463.1 672.1
336.4 833.6 468.8 662.9
342.1 827.4 474.6 653.5
347.9 821 480.4 643.7
353.6 814.6 486.1 633.5
359.4 808.1 491.9 623
365.2 801.5 497.6 612
370.9 794.9 503.4 600.5
376.7 788.1 509.2 588.4
382.4 781.3 514.9 575.6
388.2 774.4 520.7 562
394 767.3 526.4 547.2
399.7 760.2
 Liquid Benzene Density with temperature
1000

Density [Kg/m3] 750

500

250

0
250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Temperature [K]
Safety and Hazards
Health Hazard
Dizziness, excitation, pallor, followed by flushing, weakness, headache, breathlessness,
chest constriction, nausea, and vomiting. Coma and possible death.

Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source
of ignition and flash back.
Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. Risk of fire and explosion. See
Chemical Dangers.
Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.

Hazards Summary
Benzene is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. It evaporates into the air very quickly and
dissolves slightly in water. It is highly flammable and is formed from both natural processes and
human activities. Benzene is widely used in the United States; it ranks in the top 20 chemicals for
production volume. Some industries use benzene to make other chemicals which are used to
make plastics, resins, and nylon and synthetic fibers. Benzene is also used to make some types of
rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Natural sources of benzene include
volcanoes and forest fires. Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette
smoke.
Benzene is found in the air from emissions from burning coal and oil, gasoline service
stations, and motor vehicle exhaust. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of humans to
benzene may cause drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, as well as eye, skin, and respiratory tract
irritation, and, at high levels, unconsciousness. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure has
caused various disorders in the blood, including reduced numbers of red blood cells and aplastic
anemia, in occupational settings. Reproductive effects have been reported for women exposed
by inhalation to high levels, and adverse effects on the developing fetus have been observed in
animal tests. Increased incidence of leukemia (cancer of the tissues that form white blood cells)
have been observed in humans occupationally exposed to benzene. EPA has classified benzene
as known human carcinogen for all routes of exposure.

Fire Potential
A dangerous fire hazard when exosed to heat or flame. ... Ignites on contact with sodium
peroxide + water, dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate, iodine heptafluoride, and dioxygen difluoride.