REPORT OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Undergone at

SLN TECHNOLOGIES,CHENNAI
Submitted by

[RA1611003011040 – MANAV PATEL]

In partial fulfillment of requirements of
15CS390L – Industrial Training
Under the guidance of
Dr C.N.Subhalalitha-Assistant Professor(O.G.)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Technology
SRM Institute of Science and Technology,
Kattankulathur – 603203.

October – 2018.
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this Industrial training report has been submitted by MANAV PATEL
(Reg.No: RA1611003011245) who has undergone the training on IOT AND
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS at SLN TECHNOLOGIES,CHENNAI with the prior
permission and approval from the department in partial fulfillment for the
requirements of 15CS390L Industrial Training.

Faculty In-charge Academic Advisor:

Dr C.N.Subhalalitha, Dr.Annie.Uthra,
Assistant Professor (O.G), Associate Professor,
Department of CSE. Department of CSE.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

It is a matter of great pleasure and privilege for me to present this report of one month
industrial training. Through this report, I would like to thank numerous people whose
consistent support and guidance has been the standing pillar in architecture of this
report.

To begin with, my sincere thanks to Dr.C.Muthamizhchelvan, (Director E&T). I

express thanks to Dr.B.Amutha, HOD - CSE who gave encouragement and valuable
suggestions throughout the training. Next, I would like to express my sincere
gratitude to Dr.Annie Uthra, Academic Adviser, to experience a sustained
enthusiastic and involved interest from his side.

I would like to thanks Ms M Umadevi, Faculty Advisor for positive attitude he

showed for my work. I would also acknowledge my heartfelt gratitude to Dr C.N
Subhalalitha., Faculty In-charge who continuously supported me in every possible
way.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to Mr.Senthil Project Manager for SLN
Technologies, for guiding me during the course of the training.

MANAV PATEL
 INDEX
S/N TOPIC PG No.

1 Introduction about the Industry 5

2 Training Schedule 7

3 Work done 8

4 Project Handled 11

5 Learning after Training 19

6 Summary 20
 1.INTRODUCTION ABOUT INDUSTRY

SLN is a strategic unit of Tata Consultancy Services focused on Manufacturing Industries

(SMB), Educational Institutions and Examination Boards. SLN provides technology by
means of a unique IT-as-a-Service model, offering end-to-end business solutions. It caters to
the needs of multiple industry segments, through innovative, easy-to-use, secured, integrated,
hosted solutions in a build-as-you-grow, pay-as-you-use business model. SLN serves its
clients with the help of best practices gained through TCS' global experience, domestic
market reach, skills, and delivery capabilities. SLN’s Cloud Based Solution is highly
modular, scalable and configurable giving businesses and educational institutions the
benefits of increased efficiencies, faster go to market, predictability of technology as well as
spend and better business results.

SLN is a cloud service for education, exam boards and manufacturing, the software is
configurable to each sector. You will always get the flavor of your business by
picking and choosing what processes as we need.

INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE COMPANY:-

It is the backbone of the Company. It’s a combination of Hardware and Software. Let’s take
an example of TCS . Employees at TCS work on many software and those software are run
over some Hardware. So all the software and hardware make up the IT Infrastructure.

To maintain this software and Hardware SLN is to set up an IT department. Now just
imagine that TCS decides to outsource the IT Department to some IT company in India like
Apple for so and so reason (Cost reduction being the main reason). A specific division in
TCS that will cater to Apple’s IT Infrastructure, for an example, is called TCS Infrastructure
Services division.

The simplest form of IT Infrastructure Services comprises of three categories:

1. DataCenter Services
2. End User Computing
Level 1 Support (Servicedesk/Helpdesk)
 2.TRAINING SCHEDULE

DIVIDED THE TRAINING SCHEDULE IN 3 PARTS :-

On the first day of the training program I leant “the basic info of iot” in it importance of iot
in society and then other four I learnt about the current

component and trends for the future of iot devices.

Next five days i introduced the concept of iot at a high level, defining the term and outlining
its implication. iot devices are “embedded” within other devices in order to provide
enhanced functionality without exposing the complexities of a computer to the user.

Last five days the structure of embedded system and its interaction with physical
world.Microcontroller are used to execute software that interprets input and control system.
It discusses the roles of both the hardware and software components in the system.
 3.Work done

Description of Technical Work/Training :-

Introduction of IOT (What is IOT and How IOT devices are works )
The Internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles and other
items embedded with software sensors, actuators, and connectivity which enables
these things to connect. Simply put, IoT is the concept of basically connecting any
device with an on and off switch to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes
everything from :-cellphones, coffee makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps,
wearable devices and almost anything else you can think of. This also applies to
components of machines, for example, a jet engine of an airplane.

How does it work?

IoT enabled Big Data. The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of all the web-enabled
devices that collect, send and act on data they acquire from their surrounding
environments using embedded sensors, processors and communication hardware.
These "connected" or "smart" devices, can sometimes talk to other related devices
and act on the information they get from one another.

About the Embedded System :-

An embedded device is an object that contains a special-purpose computing system.

The system, which is completely enclosed by the object, may or may not be able to
connect to the Internet.

Embedded systems have extensive applications in consumer, commercial, automotive,

industrial and healthcare markets. It's estimated that by 2015, over 15 billion embedded
devices will be connected to the Internet, a phenomenon commonly referred to as
the Internet of Things.

Generally, an embedded device's operating system will only run a single application which
helps the device to do its job. Examples of embedded devices include dishwashers, banking
ATM machines, routers, point of sale terminals (POS terminals) and cell phones. Devices
that can connect to the Internet are called smart or intelligent. If an embedded device can not
connect to the Internet, it is called dumb.

Embedded devices in complex manufactured products, such as automobiles, are often

headless. This simply means that the device's software does not have a user interface (UI).
In such cases, an in-circuit emulator (ICE) is temporarily installed between the embedded
device and an external computer to debug or update the software.

Because embedded systems have limited computing resources and strict power requirements,
writing software for embedded devices is a very specialized field that requires knowledge of
both hardware components and programming.

The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices,

mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with
unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without
requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm
animal with a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the
driver when tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be
assigned an IP address and is able to transfer data over a network.

Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more

efficiently, better understand customers to deliver enhanced customer service,
improve decision-making and increase the value of the business.

Sensors and actuators-

A better term for a sensor is a transducer. A transducer is any physical device

that converts one form of energy into another. So, in the case of a sensor, the
transducer converts some physical phenomenon into an electrical impulse that can
then be interpreted to determine a reading. A microphone is a sensor that takes
vibrational energy (sound waves), and converts it to electrical energy in a useful way
for other components in the system to correlate back to the original sound.
Another type of transducer that you will encounter in many IoT systems is an actuator.
In simple terms, an actuator operates in the reverse direction of a sensor. It takes an
electrical input and turns it into physical action. For instance, an electric motor, a
hydraulic system, and a pneumatic system are all different types of actuators.

In a typical IoT system, a sensor may collect information and route to a control center
where a decision is made and a corresponding command is sent back to an actuator in
response to that sensed input. Later, we will discuss where the control center resides
in the greater IoT system.

About RasberryPi :-

The Raspberry pi is a low cost, credit sized computer that plugs into a computer
monitor on TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse.it is a capable little device
that enables

People of all ages to explore computing .It’s capable of doing everything you had
expected a desktop computer to do ,from browsing the internet and playing high
definition video ,to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.

Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the outside world, and has been used in a
wide array of digital maker projects, from music machines and parent detectors to
weather stations and tweeting birdhouses with infra-red cameras. We want to see the
Raspberry Pi being used by kids all over the world to learn to program and understand
how computers work.

About Microcontroller :-

A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated

toperform one task and execute one specific application.

It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals aswell a processor.

 4.PROJECT

Purpose of project

Internet of Things (IOT) plays a vital role in connecting the surrounding

environmental things to the network and made easy to access those un-internet things
from any remote location. It’s inevitable for the people to update with the growing
technology. And generally people are facing problems on parking vehicles in parking
slots in a city. In this study we have designed a Smart Parking System (SPS) which
enables the user to find the nearest parking area and gives availability of parking slots
in that respective parking area. And it mainly focus on reducing the time in finding
the parking lots and also it avoids the unnecessary travelling through filled parking
lots in a parking area. Thus it reduces the fuel consumption which in turn reduces
carbon footprints in an atmosphere. The electronic device that you build can assist the
drivers in selecting the suitable parking spot for them. The data that the system
collects will be sent to the cloud and anyone across the globe can access the data to do
some analysis.

The device that we build will get the data of the parking slot status (whether it is
occupied or not) from the digital IR sensors or the pi cams that are present over there.
These sensors send the data to the microcontroller and in turn the data will be
processed and the status of parking slots will be displayed to the user. If we are using
pi cam, then the image captured will have the data about the availability of parking
slots. The data will also be sent to the cloud which can be integrated onto an Android
App, so that the user can see the slots available directly from their mobile phone.

Implementation of our Project:-

The parking system is designed in such a way that it is applicable for covered parks,
open parks and street side parking. The fig. shows the cloud based IOT architecture
for smart parking system which contains cloud service provider which provides cloud
storage to store information about status of parking slots in a parking area and etc.The
centralized server which manages to store entire smart parking systems information
such as number of slots, availability of vehicles etc. and these information will be
accessed through some secured gateways through network.

This smart parking system which consists of several components. And theirs
functionality includes:

• Centralized server: maintains databases which contain information about parking

spaces present in the city.

• Raspberry pi: the microcontroller which is used to implement our parking system
and it is attached with raspberry pi camera.

• Image capture: Pi-camera is used to capture the picture of parking area continuously
to validate the slots which either filled or empty.

• Navigation system: signals the availability of parking slots to the users and
navigates to the exact location of nearest parking area from current location.

• Display device: a monitor or tab is used to display the admin side interface and he is
capable of modifying the parking lots by observing the device.

• User device: user can connect with the smart parking system with their smart
phones or with some browsers.

The SPS which incorporates the features of raspberry pi 2 and which is attached with
pi camera. Where pi camera is mounted on the top of street light lamp posts or at the
ceiling of indoor parks. Thus camera is capable of making survey on each parking
slots in parking lots continuously to check whether the particular slot is filled or
empty. The presents the structure of smart parking system and it contains some
control points on each parking slots which will be used as reference points for the
camera. The central server presents information about multiple slots in a single
parking area and multiple parking areas in a single city and it is accessed through
some protocols such as HTTP, CoAP etc. from any browsers, by which the website is
built with basic JSON interface.

Architecture of proposed system:

The Structure of Smart Parking System:-

IOT (Internet of Things) plays a major role in connecting the surrounding

environmental things to the network and makes easy to access those un-internet
things from any remote location.

•Automated car parking system allows users to find the nearest parking areas. It also
gives availability of parking slots in the respective parking area.

•It mainly focuses on reducing the time in finding the parking lots in the parking area.
It also lessens the fuel consumption, which in turn reduces the carbon footprints in an
atmosphere.
•It also helps people to search parking space accessible with the ease of IOT (Internet
of Things) automation by supplying the parking slot information.

•The user can book in advance the parking slots and update the information to the
server.

•Every user has a unique ID and password. In case, the car is stolen and enter the
parking IOT, then the server checks automatically from the database and informs the
police.

When the availability of parking slots changes, immediately the information is

updated to the central server. Then user can access this stored information using
internet from any location. And this information is used by parking operators to
determine free parking areas and statistics can be measured at different times in a day
on each parking space. The fig.3 shows the communication between two or more
clients and SPS with server. Such that single client can access the information of
many parking areas in the city. So by observing the availability of parking slots the
user can choose their convenient parking area. Thus particular parking area is
navigated from client’s current position.

The sufficient user interface is provided to the client so that client can access the clear
information about the system. The administrator is capable of creating new parking
areas by providing the description or information about the parking area and also
manages to add number of parking slots in any particular parking area and even
further remove the existing parking slots in a parking area. The updated timing of
each parking slot is shown along with unique number. And more importantly this
user interface provides the navigation to their destination.
Steps involved in setting the Smart Parking System:

• Appropriately mount the camera such that the image captured by it is clearly shows
the parking slots.

• The parking spaces are marked on to the captured image by an administrator.

• The control points are drawn according to their convenience of parking slot.

• The setting were saved and registered with the server and finally run the system.
The functionalities of the components of automated parking system project are as
follows,

1. Centralized server: This maintains the information about the parking slots and its
availability
2. Raspberry Pi: This will act as the microcontroller for the project and all the other
sensors will connected to it
3. Camera: The Pi camera will be connected to the microcontroller and will be used to
validate the parking slots as either empty or occupied
4. IR sensors: It will be used to sense the presence of vehicle in the parking slots by
sending out IR radiations
5. Navigation system: This will give the signals that will guide the users to navigate
and go to the nearest available parking slot
6. Display device: This will be the screen that displays the status of the parking slots
and change real-time
7. User device: This can either be the mobile phone or a website which can be used by
the user to get the availability of parking slots directly
Major steps involved:

1. The IR sensors or Pi cam should be placed in the appropriate places to clearly cover
all the parking slots
2. The parking slots should be appropriately numbered to mark them on the system
3. These marked points will act as the control points and will be integrated as slots in
the cloud
4. Then the setting will be saved and the microcontroller will be programmed to
display the data online accordingly

Programming language used in SPS: Arduino Programming (C++), Python Programming

The system will be implemented in 3 modules

Sensor Module: This module will be installed in the parking place, there will be a
sensor node for each parking space. The sensors which will be used are IR- sensors.

Raspberry Pi Module: This module will be connected to the internet and will have
connections from all sensor nodes.

Android Module: This module will be installed as an Android app in the users phones.
And will display the parking lot status.

The system architecture of SPS has been divided into following 3 modules:

1) Raspberry Pi module

2) Sensors module

3) Android module
The Hardware module is Raspberry Pi and Sensors. The Raspberry Pi will have
connections from all sensor nodes. It serves the communication module with latest
Database status whenever required by Users. The Raspberry Pi is a creditcard size
computer. This is similar to normal computer. The operating system of the Raspberry
Pi is Raspbian which is Linux based operating system. It is programmed by using
Python Language. The Raspberry Pi is connected to the users through Wi-Fi by using
PHP language. To access the Wi-Fi we should connect dongle to the Raspberry Pi.

Sensor module will be placed in the parking space there will be a sensor node for a
each parking space. The sensors which will be used are IR-sensors. An Infrared
Sensor is an electronic device which is used to sense light wavelength of its
surroundings by either emitting or detecting infrared spectrum. Green LED will be
glow if no object is detected and Red LED will be glow if object is detected. Using
the IR sensors in each parking slot, it detects the presence or absence of a vehicle, and
sends messages to user. It will always keep track of cars parked in parking lots using
IR Sensors.

Android module will display the parking status to the user in real time. An Android
application is created using Androidstudio. The Android applications are developed
using the JAVA code. Using the JAVA compiler the source files are converted to
JAVA class files. The Parking status is commanded by the Android device having the
Android application, installed. Then checks for the parking slot for availability. If it is
available then it shows green signals or if not available then shows Red signals The
communication between the user and the Raspberry Pi is responsible for the overall
movement of the car as per data received from the Parking lots. Designing,
developing and producing a leading edge parking technology is called as Smart
parking. It is a vehicle parking system that helps drivers find a vacant spot. Smart
Parking system is proven as an exact.

Algorithm for SPS:

Sensor and Raspberry Pi Module:

Step 1: Initialize the System (IR Sensors and raspberry Pi)

Step 2: Read sensor status and store in the Database

Step3: Send Sensor Status to Android Application when requeste

Step 4: Continue through Step 3

Step 5: Stop

Android Application Module:

Step 1: Start Android App

Step 2: Check connectivity with Server (Raspberry Pi)

Step 3: Request Sensor Status after every time interval

Step4: Continue through Step 3

Step 5: Stop

Application for Smart Parking System:

The system after development can be used by big Shopping or Multiplex malls or
Industries to automate the parking status intimation system.

Advantages:

 Save the time for searching the parking spaces.

 Reduces the fuel consumption and traffic congestion
 Avoids air pollution & global warming.
 Scalable, robust and reliable.
 Reduces the driver stress and improves the urban area.
 Provides the accurate information.
  More efficiency.

Disadvantages:

 The users must have Android cell phone to see the parking status.

FUTURE WORK OF SPS PROJECT :-

The future scope to adopt this automatic Smart Parking System (SPS) so that
availability of spaces could be displayed on a smart phone Application or even to
satellite navigation device so that drivers will always aware of whether there are free
spaces are not. And also enhance to send some notifications to users smart phone
when vehicle enters to particular shopping places and some streets in a city etc

This designed automatic smart parking system which is simple, economic and
provides effective solution to reduce carbon footprints in the atmosphere. It is well
managed to access and map the status of parking slots from any remote location
through web browser. Thus it reduces the risk of finding the parking slots in any
parking area and also it eliminates unnecessary travelling of vehicles across the filled
parking slots in a city. So it reduces time and it is cost effective also.
 5.LEARNING AFTER TRAINING

Working in a globally recognized company, SLN Technologies, Chennai ,gave me a

tremendous opportunity to learn and experience the life in industry. The guidance that
has been provided to me as been fruitful in every way possible.

I have successfully learned about Internet of Things with Embedded Device So,
basically IoT applications can be used to monitor pollution. IoT devices could
automatically send alerts to weather stations. At the most basic level, IoT
applications are about being connected and accessible. This allows our environment
to be reactive and responsive to our needs and live our lives more conveniently.
 6.SUMMARY

Internet of Things is a network constituted by uniquely identifiable commodity

objects or devices equipped with some sensing system. Internet of Things paradigm
enables the objects, also called things, for sensing, which subsequently interoperate
and communicates with other objects for data exchange through an existing physical
network infrastructure. Therefore, Internet of Things promotes a seamless
amalgamation between the smart devices, scatter around us, and the physical world to
ensure full automation that eventually ameliorates human life. Some of the examples
of Internet of Things-enabled commodity devices or things include heart monitoring
implants, automobiles with embedded sensors, firefighter’ devices, smart thermostat
systems, and Wi-Fi enabled washer/dryers. As the arena of Internet of Things is
expanding, the number of Internet of Things-enabled applications is also rapidly
growing, which results in massive growth of smart devices in multiple order
comparatively. This swift increase in the number of sensing things is responsible for
generating and storage of a plethora amount of diversified data at much faster rate.
The Internet of Things things sense and collect the data from the highly sparse
geographical environments. The data is exchanged with remotely stationed peer
devices for numerous quick and efficient operations such agglomeration; this is where
the traditional data management mechanisms succumb and opportunity for some new
powerful technologies arises. As a result, today, the cloud computing technology has
emerged as one such innovation that have been invented to efficiently tackle the
growing Internet of Things issues. Internet of Things paradigm is increasingly
encouraging the ubiquitous connectivity of the intelligent objects within internal or
external world. The continuous rapid growth of large number of Internet of Things-
enabled objects and storage technology have resulted into the massive amount of
heterogeneous

digital footprints and sizeable traces. A vast amount of data is being generated by
various sensing sources every day. It is observed that the primary sources of Internet
of Things are sensor-enabled devices, unlike the traditional Big Data, where social
media is the major contributor in data collection as compared to the sensing systems.
Therefore, Internet of Things can be seen as a subset of traditional Big Data. The
actual pattern and nature of such data is indistinct, but is certainly large, complex,
heterogonous, structure and unstructured. Literature demonstrates some important
attributes of Internet of Things such as volume, variety, and velocity and some core
constituents of Internet of Things like sensor-embedded devices, intelligence for
quick decision making, and connectivity for data sharing. Apparently, to obtain
constructive insights from Internet of Things, gigantic efforts are required for Internet
of Things modeling in contrast to that of traditional data. Also, the rapid growth of
sensing devices under Internet of Things purview is generating such a large scale
complex and heterogeneous data that the available computing capacity of the existing
systems unable to successfully match up the data challenges and today, this has
emerged as one of the core issues for the data science community. The storage
capacity and also the processing power of the existing data computing systems are
failed in handling the data stress. As Internet of Things and its applications are
majorly impacting the human life, the scientific communities contemplate a broader
outreach from the processing and sharing of Internet of Things across the variety of
the several commodity devices around us. Consequently, the development of new
capable technologies is encouraged to cater the current data processing need.