ISH3F3 Accounting System and Finance Management

Recording
Process:
Journal and Ledger

Muhardi Saputra.
Information System Department
2019
Learning Objective

1 Indicate how a journal is used in the recording process.

1 Explain how a ledger and posting help in the recording process.

1 Prepare a trial balance..

The Journal

The Journal
◆ Book of original entry.

◆ Transactions recorded in chronological order.

◆ Contributions to the recording process:

1. Discloses the complete effects of a transaction.

2. Provides a chronological record of transactions.

3. Helps to prevent or locate errors because the debit and

credit amounts can be easily compared.
Remember

Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity

Owner’s Owner’s
Assets = Liabilities + -
Capital Drawings
Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
+ - - + - + + -

+ Revenues - Expenses

Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.

- + + -
Journalizing

JOURNALIZING - Entering transaction data in the journal.

Illustration: On September 1, Ray Neal invested $15,000 cash in
the business, and Softbyte purchased computer equipment for
$7,000 cash.
Illustration 2-13

GENERAL JOURNAL

Date Account Title Ref. Debit Credit

Sept. 1 Cash 15,000
Owner’s Capital 15,000

Equipment 7,000
Cash 7,000
The Ledger

◆ General Ledger contains all the asset, liability, and owner’s

equity accounts.
Illustration 2-15
Standard Form of Account
Ledger

POSTING
Transferring
journal entries
to the ledger
accounts.

Illustration 2-17
Posting a journal
entry
Chart of Account
The Recording Process Illustrated
Follow these steps:
1. Determine what
type of account is
involved.
2. Determine what
items increased or
decreased and by
how much.
3. Translate the
increases and
decreases into
debits and credits.

Illustration 2-19
The Recording Process Illustrated
Summary Journalizing and Posting
Summary Journalizing and Posting
Summary Journalizing and Posting
Prepare a trial balance
Limitations of a Trial Balance

Trial balance may balance even when:

1. A transaction is not journalized.

2. A correct journal entry is not posted.

3. A journal entry is posted twice.

4. Incorrect accounts are used in journalizing or posting.

5. Offsetting errors are made in recording the amount of a

transaction.
Excercise
Transaksi April 2014 atas usaha bengkel Pak Budi bernama BENGKEL MAJU adalah
sebagai berikut
1 April Tn. Budi mendirikan BENGKEL MAJU dengan menyetor uang pribadinya ke kas
perusahaan sebesar 30.000.000
5 April Untuk menambah kas perusahaan, Tn. Budi meminjam uang ke Bank sebesar
Rp.10.000.000
8 April Perusahaan Tn. Budi membeli perlengkapan bengkel sebesar 13.000.000 secara tunai.
9 April Tn. Budi mengambil uang kas perusahaan untuk keperluan pribadi sebesar 1.500.000
15 April Tn. Budi membeli perlengkapan bengkel dari toko ERLANGGA sebesar 2.000.000
secara kredit
19 April Tn. Budi membayar sebagian hutangnya pada toko ERLANGGA sebesar 500.000
21 April Tn. Budi menerima pendapatan jasa bengkel 5.000.000
22 April Tn. Budi memayar gaji pegawai 1.500.000
25 April Tn. Budi melakukan jasa perbaikan mobil sebesar 1.000.000 dan pembayarannya akan
diterima 1 bulan kemudian
30 April Tn. Budi membayar uang sewa ruko sebesar 700.000 untuk 2 bulan

25
Excercise

a) Buatlah jurnal umum atas transaksi bulan April.

b) Posting transaksi berdasarkan jurnal yang telah
Anda lakukan ke dalam buku besar.
c) Buatlah Neraca Saldo per 30 April 2014

26