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(iii) Strip footings with retaining wall acting as strip beam wherever
applicable.
The brick wall footings can also be designed. Often plinth beams are
provided to support brick walls and also to act as earthquake ties in each
principal direction.
Depth of foundation:
Depth of foundation below ground level can be obtained by using Rankine’s
formula:
Where, h = minimum depth of foundation
= density of soil
Recommendations of IS456: 2000, Limit state design, bending, shear, cracking and
development length:
To determine the area of foundation required for proper transfer of total load
on the soil, the total load (combination of dead load, live load and any other
load without multiplying it with any load factor) are considered.
Dimension of pedestal:
In the case of plain cement concrete pedestals, the angle between the plane
passing through the bottom edge of the pedestal and the corresponding
junction edge of the column with pedestal and the horizontal plane shall be
governed by the expression.
For one way shear action, the nominal shear stress in calculated as:
d = effective depth
For two way shear action, the nominal shear stress is calculated in
accordance with clause 31.6.2 of IS456: 2000 as follows:
N/mm2
Note: It is general practice to make the base deep enough so that shear
reinforcement is not required.
Reinforcement in foundations:
The minimum reinforcement in footing slab specified by the code is 0.12%
and maximum spacing specified is 3 times the effective depth or 450mm
whichever is less. (clause 34.3).
The bearing pressure on the loaded area shall not exceed the permissible
bearing stress in direct compression multiplied by a value equal to
Where,
3. If dowels are used their diameter should not exceed the diameter of the
column bars by more than 3mm.