Principles of Earthquake resistant

design of Structures

K . TARUN KUMAR
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
• According to building codes, earthquake-resistant
structures are intended to withstand the largest
earthquake of a certain probability that is likely to
occur at their location.
• This means the loss of life should be minimized by
preventing collapse of the buildings for rare
earthquakes while the loss of functionality should be
limited for more frequent ones.
• The range from appropriately sizing the structure to
be strong and ductile enough to survive the shaking with an
acceptable damage, to equipping it to minimize the forces.

• BASE ISOLATION
• STRUCTURAL VIBRATION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
 Base Isolation:
• Base isolation is one of the most powerful tools
of earthquake engineering pertaining to the passive
structural vibration control technologies.
• It is meant to enable a building or non-building structure to
survive a potentially devastating from seismic impact.
 ADVANTAGES:

• The isolators work in a similar way to car suspension,

which allows a car to travel over rough ground without the
occupants of the car getting thrown around.
• A fixed-base building (built directly on the ground) will
move with an earthquake’s motion and can sustain
extensive damage as a result.
• Base isolation technology can make medium-rise masonry
(stone or brick) or reinforced concrete structures capable of
withstanding earthquakes, protecting them and their
occupants from major damage or injury.
 STRUCTURAL VIBRATION CONTROL
TECHNOLOGIES :
In earthquake engineering, vibration control is
a set of technical means aimed to
mitigate seismic impacts in building and non-
building structure.
1. Passive seismic control.
2. Active seismic control.
3. Hybrid seismic control.
 Passive seismic control:
• Passive seismic control system in which they do not
require any additional energy source to operate and are
activated by earthquake input motion only.
 Active seismic control:
• This system provides seismic protection by imposing forces
on a structure that counterbalance the earthquake forces.
• This system is active in that it requires an energy source and
computer – controlled to operate dampers throughout the
building.
• Active seismic control is comparatively newest invention in
the field of seismic control systems that applies a 3
dimensional network.
• This technology is highly sophisticated and expensive one
and may not be feasible one for small projects even in far
future.
 Hybrid seismic control:

• This system combines features of both passive and active

seismic control systems.

• In general, it has reduced power demands, and reduced cost

when compared to fully active systems.

• Hence it utilizes the advantages of both passive and active

seismic control systems.