42.

Calculation of time for ball to travel 30 m

Recall of v = s/t (1)
Correct answer [1.2 s] (1) 2
Example of calculation:
v = s/t
t = 30 m ÷ 25 m s–1
= 1.2 s

Calculation of westward component of ball’s velocity Recall

of v = u + at (1)
Correct answer [9.6 m s–1] [ecf] (1) 2
Example of calculation:
v = u + at
v = 0 + 8 m s–2 × 1.2 s
= 9.6 m s–1

Calculation of distance ball travels to west

Use of appropriate equation of motion (1)
Correct answer [5.76 m] [ecf] (1) 2
Example of calculation:
s = ut + ½ at2
= 0 + ½ × 8 m s–2 × (1.2 s)2
= 5.76 m

Calculation of final velocity of ball

Use of Pythagoras’ theorem or scale drawing with velocity triangle (1)
Correct answer for magnitude of velocity [26.8 ms–1, accept in
range 26 – 27.5] [allow ecf] (1)
Use of trigonometrical equations with velocity triangle (1)
Correct answer for direction of velocity [21.0 West or 339.0 ±2] (1) 4
[allow ecf]
[Allow 3rd and 4th marks for displacement triangle instead of velocity]
Example of calculation:
magnitude of velocity = ((9.6 m s–1)2 +(25 m s–1)2)
= 26.8 m s–1
angle = tan–1(9.6 m s–1/25 m s–1)
= 21.0 West (or 339.0)
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 58. Show that initial vertical component of velocity is about 50 m s–1 Identify v =
−u
OR
Time to top, with v = 0, is 5 s in v = u + at
OR
s = 0 with t = 10 s in s = ut + ½ at2 (1)
0 = u + (−9.81 m s–2  5 s)
u = 49 m s–1 [no ue] (1) 2

Calculation of velocity at which arrows left the bow

Vertical component = vsin [Stated or implied] (1) v = 49.1
m s–1  sin 50°
= 64.1 m s–1 [Allow ecf] (1) 2
Show that range is about 400 m
Horizontal component = 64.1 m s–1 × cos 50°] [ecf] (1)
= 41.2 m s–1
Horizontal distance =  × t [stated or implied] (1)
= 41.2 m s–1 × 10 s
= 410 m [no ue] (1) 3

Explanation of difference between recorded and calculated ranges

For example: air resistance [has been ignored in calculations]/wind against arrows (1)
[air resistance] will cause deceleration / decelerating force [reducing range] (1) 2
[9]

07. What happens when switch moved from A to B: Ball

released/drops
Clock starts 2
Time for ball to fall 1.00 m:
x = gt2/2 [sufficient use of equation of motion]
t2 = 2  1.00 m/9.81 m s–2 [correct substitution in all equations]
t = 0.45 s 3

Time for ball to reach ground, with reason:

0.45 s/same as before (e.c.f)
Horizontal and vertical motion independent/same (vertical) height Same vertical
distance/same (or zero) initial velocity
 [NOT same force or acceleration] 2
Speed at which ball was fired: 2.00 m/0.45 s
(e.c.f)
4.4 m s–1 2
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