Chemistry Test

No 1 water is needed from industry and home

(i) Rain water is collected in reservoirs. How is treated before entering the water
supply? Water is filtrated to remove solid particles, chlorine is added to kill
microorganism and treated whit some chemical (coagulant) to reduce dissolved
solid particle
(ii) State two industrial uses of water! Water is used to make steam to generate
electricity, cool turbines, push engines
(iii) State two uses of water in home! Water is used as drinking water, for washing
dishes, watering the plants
(iv) In many regions, water is obtain by the distillation of sea - water. Explain how
distillation separates the water from sea water? Water is heated and boils off
earlier than salt, then it is condensed back to water

No 2
(a) The major gases in unpolluted air are 79% nitrogen and 20% oxygen
(i) Name another gaseous element in unpolluted air! Argon
(ii) Name two compounds in unpolluted air! Carbon Dioxide
(b) Two common pollutants in air are carbon monoxide and the oxide of nitrogen.
(i) Name another pollutant in air! Sulphur Oxide
(ii) Describe how carbon monoxide is formed! Carbon monoxide is formed when
gas/petrol is burned
(iii) How are the oxides of nitrogen formed? They are formed? They are formed
during combustion
(iv) Explain how a catalytic converter reduces the emission of these two gases!
Catalytic converter catalyzes redox reaction, so carbon monoxide is oxidised by
combining with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which is less harmful on the other
hand it breaks up nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen

No 3 Air often contains pollutants

Identify three common gaseous pollutants in air and state how each of these
pollutants are produced.
Polluted gas 1: Sulphur Oxide
How it is produced? It is produced by the burning of coal
Polluted gas 2: Lead Compounds
How it is produced? It is formed when lead petrols are burned
Polluted gas 3: Nitrogen Dioxide
How it is produced? It is produced when combustion happens
No 4 This question is about compounds of nitrogen
(i) Describe the Haber process giving reaction conditions and a chemical equation!
haber process creates ammonia from nitrogen and oxygen with iron catalyst at
temperature of 450 degrees and 200 atmosphere
(ii) Give one use of ammonia! Ammonia is used as the raw material of fetilizer
(iii) Nitrogen dioxide is an atmospheric pollutant. State one environmental
problem caused by nitrogen dioxide! Increase global warming
(iv) Explain how oxides of nitrogen, such as nitrogen dioxide are formed in car
engines! They are formed when the petrol is burned, they formed because high
temperature from combustion, Reaction between Nitrogen and Oxygen occurred
then release gases such as nitrogen dioxide in the air

No 5
(a) Two common pollutants present in air are sulphur dioxide and lead
compounds. State the sources and harmful effect of each
Sulfur Oxide
Source: it is formed from fossil fuel combustion
Harmful effect: Sulphur dioxide can cause breathing problems
Lead Compounds
Source: lead petrol
Harmful effect: can cause brain damage
(b) Respiration and Photosynthesis are two of the processes that determine the
precent oxygen and of carbon dioxide in the air
Reaction for respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
This is an exothermic reaction

No 6 The diagram shows some of the process which determine the percentage of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Carbon dioxide in atmosphere -> Combustion, Respiration, Photosynthesis
(a) Explain how the following two processes alter the percentage of carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere
(i) Combustion: when you burn fossil fuels, they release carbon dioxide gas in the
air
(ii) Respiration: when we do respiration, we release a gas called carbon dioxide

No 7 Two important greenhouse gases are methane and carbon dioxide. Methane
is 20 times more effective as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. The methane
in the atmosphere comes from both natural and industrial sources
(i) Describe two natural sources of methane! The sources are from natural
wetlands and rice fields
(ii) Although methane can persist in the atmosphere for up to 15 years, it is even
removed by oxidation. What are products of this oxidation? Carbon dioxide and
water