Design Of Tuned Mass

Vibration Absorber To
Reduce Vibrations In
Primary System.
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 Overview Of Vibration-
 Vibration is the study of the repetitive motion
of objects. Vibration is caused by anything
that oscillates and it is transmitted through
continuous media.
 When elastic bodies such as a spring, a beam
or a shaft are displaced from the equilibrium
position by the application of external forces,
and then released, they execute vibratory
motion.
 Vibrations caused by a system effect other
systems, unless the systems are separated.
Causes of vibration-
Unbalanced forces in system.
Elastic nature of the system.
External excitations applied on the system.
Dry friction between two mating surfaces causes
vibration.
Vibration created by strong winds.
Earthquake or seismic activity.
Defects in assembly of machines such as broken
welds, loosely fitted bolts.
Effects Of Vibration-

(A) Desired Effects of vibrations:

Musical Instruments
Compacters
Vibratory Conveyers
Shakers
Stress Relieving
Hoppers
Sieves
(B) Undesirable Effects of vibrations:
Unwanted noise.
Loosening of the machines parts.
Excessive stresses induced in the system.
Vibration creates rapid wear of machine parts.
Due to heavy vibrations it is difficult to get exact &
Correct readings from the instruments.
Structural vibrations may collapse the structures such
as buildings, bridges etc.
Excessive vibration is harmful for humans (kinetosis).
‘Resonance’-which may lead to failure of component.
Methods of reducing vibrations-
(A) Removing external excitation if possible.
(B) There are certain advanced methods available to
reduce the vibrations to required level.
& These are,

1. Vibration Isolators
2. Vibration Dampers
3. Vibration Absorbers
Why we select Vibration Absorber-

Ease Of Design
Avoids Resonance
Ease Of Modification
No Effect Of Temperature On Working
Less Initial Cost
Less Modification Cost In Comparison
Compact In Nature
Objective-

To reduce the vibrations in a primary

system by adding an tuned mass vibration
absorber to the system so as to avoid
resonance & to achieve optimized
performance of machine or equipment.
 How It Works?

The principle is that, if a system (Primary

system) has undesirable vibrations at an
operating frequency which approaches its
natural frequency, then to avoid vibrations a
secondary system (Absorber System) having its
natural frequency equal to the operating
frequency, is coupled to the Primary System to
reduce its amplitude to zero.
 Design Procedure-

Fn1 = (1/2П ) (3E1 I1 /m1 l1³)1/2

Where:
Fn1 = Natural frequency of primary system(Hz)
m1 = End Mass of primary system(Kg).
E1=Modulus of Elasticity of primary system(N/m2).
I1= Moment of inertia of primary system(m4).
l1= Length of primary system (m)
Fn2 = (1/2П ) (3E2 I2 /m2l2³)1/2
Where:
Fn2 = Natural frequency of absorber system(Hz)
m2 = End Mass of absorber system(Kg).
E2=Modulus of Elasticity of absorber system(N/m2).
I2= Moment of inertia of absorber system(m4).
l2= Length of absorber system(m).

TO AVOIDE RESONANCE,

Fn1=Fn2= Fn(excitation)
Procedure of calculation of natural
frequency of
primary system:

l1 , b1 , t1
I1 = ( b1 * t13) /12
Where,
I1 = Moment of inertia of cantilever beam(primary system)
b1= Width of cantilever beam (primary system)
t1 = Thickness cantilever beam (primary system)

(E1) From Design data book

Procedure of calculation of natural
frequency of
secondary system:
 VALIDATION

EXPERIMENTAL SET UP:

EXPERIMENTAL STEPS
GRAPH REPRESENTING EFFECT OF TUNED MASS VIBRATION ABSORBER

ON AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATION
Equipments Used-

 FFT Analyzer
 Exciter
 Oscillator
 Accelerometer
 NVGATE Software
 Weighing Machine
 Spring with end mass
Oscillator NVGATE Software

Spring with end

mass
Accelerometer

Exciter

Weighing
Machine Primary system
Applications:
•Reciprocating machines.
•Vibration absorber in the transmission lines.
Analysis by comparing
Unbalanced & balanced mass
by ANSYS
Conclusion-

The use of tuned mass vibration absorber easily &

effectively enables us to protect primary system from
undesired self generated or external vibrations by
avoiding resonance & thereby leads to optimized the
performance of primary system.
REFERANCES-
 “Mechanical Vibrations”, by G.K.Grover, Nem Chand
& Bros, Roorkee, U.K., India, 8th Edition, 2009.
“Mechanical Vibrations”, by
V.P.Singh,DhanpatRai&Com.Pvt.Ltd, Revised Edition
2009.
“Theory of Machines” by R.S.Khurmi, S.Chand
Publications Co Ltd India; 15th Revised Edition,2006.
“Basic Vibration Theory”, Ralph E. Blake (e-book).
www.csaengineering.com
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