ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

THE EFFECT OF THE INTERNET ADDICTION ON THE INFORMATION-SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF THE

POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
Mohammad Reza Soleymani, Asieh Garivani, and Firoozeh Zare-Farashbandi
Abstract
Internet addiction is a typical use of the internet that causes the psychological, social, educational, or
occupational problems for the people. Students need the internet more than other people due to their
educational or research needs. The rate and type of the internet use may affect their information-seeking
behavior too. This study aims to investigate the effect of the internet addiction on the information-seeking
behavior of the postgraduate students.
Mohammad Reza Soleymani, Asieh Garivani, and Firoozeh Zare-Farashbandi (2016, June 1). The effects of
the internet addiction on the information-seeking behavior of the postgraduate student retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4949020/
This study helps our research by stating how internet can affect people and what effects they can get from
internet addiction.

Human behavior on the internet

Santosh Kumar Kalwar
In this thesis, "Human behavior on the Internet", the human anxiety is
conceptualized. The following questions have guided the writing of the thesis: How humans behave with
the Internet technology? What goes in their mind? What kinds of behaviors are shown while using the
Internet? What is the role of the content on the Internet and especially what are the types of anxiety
behavior on the Internet? By conceptualization this thesis aims to provide a model for studying whether
humans show signs of less or exacerbated anxiety while using the Internet. The empirical part of this thesis
was built on new developed model and user study that utilizes that model. For the user study, the target
users were divided into two groups based on their skill level. The user study used both qualitative and
quantitative research methods. The qualitative research was conducted using interviews and
observational analysis. The quantitative research was conducted in three iterations by using
questionnaires and surveys. These results suggest that the significance of human on using technology
would be integral part of such a study. The study also suggests that Internet has lulled humans with the
sense of dependency to greater extent. In particular, the results identified seven main areas of human
anxiety. These forms of anxiety require further studies to encompass human anxiety in more detail.
Santosh Kumar Kalwar (2016, june 27). Human behavior on the internet retrieved from
https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71619
This study can help us to determine how human behavior change by the internet and this research are
more likely similar to our research which is "internet dependency behavior of a student

Education Nowadays
Rita Johan and Johan Harlan
Education nowadays has become prominent thing as it involves most people to take part in this matter.
In addition, it cannot be separated from humans life. Both male and female need to be educated.
Education plays an important role in the development of a country. If a country does not have proper
education, it may be left behind by other. There are many factor that affects the education system.
Culture, Technology, and Economical matters give much impact to the education system of a country.
The regulation made by the government affects how the education system works in a country. The
education system in Indonesia still uses the one-way communication. The teachers stand in front of in the
class and explain all the materials, while the students just sit down on their seats and listen to the teachers.
One-way communication has negative effects on the students. They become unconfident to share their
opinions or even ask a question. The government should improve this education to a better one. Two-way
communication is considered as a better way in teaching method. The development of technology
contributes much impact on the education. It can be very useful for many people to get the education.
Education is essential in human’s life. As time goes by, system of education changes dynamically following
the needs of human beings.
Rita Johan and Johan Harlan (Oct 2014). Education Nowadays retrieved from
(https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274704027_EDUCATION_NOWADAYS
This study can help us to differentiate the education nowadays with the high technological use of
equipments or tools to study and the education before

Internet Addiction in Adolescents

Sławomir RĘBISZ, Ilona SIKORA
The possibilities offered by the use of the Internet increasingly intensify the problem of Internet addiction,
which has become more prevalent in the last decade, marked by the growing availability of mobile devices
and new media and their exacerbation of the problem. Research on Internet addiction, initiated by
Kimberly Young at the end of the twentieth century, usually appears in the literature in the context of
young people who have been found to be most vulnerable. The phenomenon is known as Adolescent
Internet Addiction. Compulsive use of the Internet is a complex phenomenon, its effects being visible in
almost all aspects of a young person’s social life. It is manifested in a variety of pathological behaviors and
emotional states grouped into several major psycho-physical and social effects that may appear
simultaneously, e.g. anger, depression, loneliness or anxiety associated with the lack of access to the
network, the weakening of social ties, withdrawal from real life, lack of educational achievement, chronic
fatigue or deteriorating health. The authors of this study aim to assess the level of Internet addiction
among adolescents in Poland and indicate its main behavioral manifestations, in the students surveyed,
which influence their pathological use of the Internet. Our study involved a total of 505 students from
three high schools located in Rzeszow and was carried out by questionnaires, including, among others,
The Problematic Use of the Internet (PUI) which is the Polish adaptation of Kimberly Young’s Internet
Addiction Test (IAT).
Sławomir Rebisz and Ilona Sikora (2016, August 21). Internet Addiction in Adolescents retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322448493_Internet_Addiction_in_Adolescents
This study can also support our study because they stated that internet addiction mostly affects young
people because of social media can can be more vulnerable because they are more visible in all aspects
in their social life, which our study mainly focuses on adolescents and the problem of internet
dependency.
The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families
Gwenn Schurgin O'Keeffe and Kathleen Clarke-Pearson
Teens are more focused on current social media news rather than important things that matters in life
like school or friends. Why go visit your friend after class if you can just send a text message instead? Why
ask what you friends is doing, if you can on Facebook at a recent post he/she posted? For example, you
go to a restaurant with a group of your friend and you start to engage in a really good conversation, but
we know that the conversation will not last long and in about five minutes one of your friends will be using
their cellular device and you will start to follow like a trend. The purpose of going out to eat with you
friends is to make something memorable with the people you love.
There are pros and cons when it comes to social media. When teenagers have social media they have
independence, Privilege, and self-confidence. People can take pictures of what they love and share it to
others the same experience. Adolescents do not understand the cons of being in the social media. Once
you have a picture uploaded on Facebook, Myspace, or twitter, it stays online endlessly. People can take
a picture and do what they can with it. They can cyber-bully you, or catfish. Sometimes it is hard for
parents to protect their child, because children are able to hid information from their parents, which
makes their lives a little harder and also for teens.
Gwenn Schurgin O'Keeffe and Kathleen Clarke-Pearson (2017, March 17). The Impact of Social Media on
Children, Adolescents, and Families retrieved from
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/4/800
This study will be helpful in our study, it tackles the big disadvantage of using social media for example
posting pictures it may be cause of cyber-bullying and the hardest part is children can easily hid their
information from their parents to avoid them to know what they are doing.

Internet addiction and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of clinical research
Daria J Kuss and Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
To provide a comprehensive overview of clinical studies on the clinical picture of Internet-use related
addictions from a holistic perspective.Over the last 15 years, the number of Internet users has increased
by 1000%, and at the same time, research on addictive Internet use has proliferated. Internet addiction
has not yet been understood very well, and research on its etiology and natural history is still in its infancy.
In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association included Internet Gaming Disorder in the appendix of the
updated version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as condition that
requires further research prior to official inclusion in the main manual, with important repercussions for
research and treatment. To date, reviews have focused on clinical and treatment studies of Internet
addiction and Internet Gaming Disorder. This arguably limits the analysis to a specific diagnosis of a
potential disorder that has not yet been officially recognised in the Western world, rather than a
comprehensive and inclusive investigation of Internet-use related addictions more generally. The
systematic literature review identified a total of 46 relevant studies. The included studies used clinical
samples, and focused on characteristics of treatment seekers and online addiction treatment. Four main
types of clinical research studies were identified, namely research involving, treatment seeker
characteristics, psychopharmacotherapy, psychological therapy and combined treatment.A consensus
regarding diagnostic criteria and measures is needed to improve reliability across studies and to develop
effective and efficient treatment approaches for treatment seekers.
Daria J Kuss and Olatz Lopez-Fernandez (2016 Mar 22). Internet addiction and problematic Internet use:
A systematic review of clinical research retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4804263/
This study will be very helpful in our research, it simply tackles about the treatment of different internet
addiction disorders and our study can somehow be related to this article and this article may support our
study because our topic is also about the internet dependency which simply means being dependent to
technology.

Internet Addiction in High School Students and Its Relationship With the Symptoms of Mental Disorder
Parvane Mohammadkhani, Emmad Alkasir, Abbas Porshbaz, Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi and Erfan
Soleimani Sefat
Abstract
One of the problems that the internet has created is a virtual addiction or addiction to the global web
world causing adverse psychological behavior effects on the user. The aim of this research was to study
internet addiction and its relationship with the symptoms of mental disorder. To collect data, Internet
addiction test and Brief Symptom Inventory were used, amd data were analyzed using est, Person
correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. There is a significant positive relationship
between internet addiction variables and symptoms of mental disorder and particularly, independent
variables of psychosis and anxiety from the sign of mental disorder had a profound effect on internet
addiction. Internet addiction cause negative effect on individuals. As prevention is better than treatment
and according to this study, it is necessary to take this phenomenon into consideration as a psychological
problems that often involves the younger generation who are responsible for future society construction
and through education in families, schools and universities,the culture of proper use of computers, in
particular the internet and its facilities should be replaced to the false method.
Parvane Mohammadkhani, Emmad Alkasir, Abbas Porshbaz, Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi and Erfan
Soleimani Sefat (2017 June). Internet Addiction in High School Students and Its Relationship With the
Symptoms of Mental Disorder retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319910294_Internet_Addiction_in_High_School_Students_a
nd_Its_Relationship_With_the_Symptoms_of_Mental_Disorders
This study can help our research by determining one of the bad cause and effects of internet dependency
of a student.

Effects of internet in academic performance and social life of university student

Muhammad Musaud Asdaque,Muhammad Nasir Khan and Dr. Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi
Abstract
The internet is one of the greatest recent advancement of the world of information technology and has
become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. This is a
universal fact that the use of internet has a great impact on the student's academic achievement and
social life. The study was conducted to determine the effect of use of internet in academic performances,
social life and outdoor activity. The study will be helpful for the students, researchers and curriculum
developers in order to find out the correlation of use of internet in academic performance. The study is
significant for the teachers to analyze the effect of use of internet on academic performance of a student.
The study will be supportive to explore the correlation of use of internet and social life of student
Muhammad Musaud Asdaque,Muhammad Nasir Khan and Dr. Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi (2010 December).
Effects of internet in academic performance and social life of university student retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279894186_EFFECT_OF_INTERNET_ON_THE_ACADEMIC_PE
RFORMANCE_AND_SOCIAL_LIFE_OF_UNIVERSITY_STUDENTS_IN_PAKISTAN
This research can help us to determine the good cause and effect of internet to a student in their academic
performances.This will also help the researchers to have the idea about the benefits of internet in
studying.

Internet Addiction in High School Students and Its Relationship With the Symptoms of Mental Disorder
Parvane Mohammadkhani, Emmad Alkasir, Abbas Porshbaz, Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi, Erfan
Soleimani Sefat
Abstract
One of the problems that the internet has created is a virtual addiction or addiction to the global web
world causing adverse psychological behavior effects on the user. The aim of this research was to study
internet addiction and its relationship with the symptoms of mental disorder. To collect data, Internet
addiction test and Brief Symptom Inventory were used, amd data were analyzed using T-Test, Person
correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. There is a significant positive relationship
between internet addiction variables and symptoms of mental disorder and particularly, independent
variables of psychosis and anxiety from the sign of mental disorder had a profound effect on internet
addiction. Internet addiction cause negative effect on individuals. As prevention is better than treatment
and according to this study, it is necessary to take this phenomenon into consideration as a psychological
problems that often involves the younger generation who are responsible for future society construction
and through education in families, schools and universities,the culture of proper use of computers, in
particular the internet and its facilities should be replaced to the false method.
Parvane Mohammadkhani, Emmad Alkasir, Abbas Porshbaz, Fatemeh Jafarian Dehkordi, Erfan Soleimani
Sefat (2017 June). Internet Addiction in High School Students and Its Relationship With the Symptoms of
Mental Disorder retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319910294_Internet_Addiction_in_High_School_Students_a
nd_Its_Relationship_With_the_Symptoms_of_Mental_Disorders
This study can help our research by determining one of the bad cause and effects of internet dependency
of a student.

The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families

Gwenn Schurgin O'Keeffe and Kathleen Clarke-Pearson
Teens are more focused on current social media news rather than important things that matters in life
like school or friends. Why go visit your friend after class if you can just send a text message instead? Why
ask what you friends is doing, if you can on Facebook at a recent post he/she posted? For example, you
go to a restaurant with a group of your friend and you start to engage in a really good conversation, but
we know that the conversation will not last long and in about five minutes one of your friends will be using
their cellular device and you will start to follow like a trend. The purpose of going out to eat with you
friends is to make something memorable with the people you love.
There are pros and cons when it comes to social media. When teenagers have social media they have
independence, Privilege, and self-confidence. People can take pictures of what they love and share it to
others the same experience. Adolescents do not understand the cons of being in the social media. Once
you have a picture uploaded on Facebook, Myspace, or twitter, it stays online endlessly. People can take
a picture and do what they can with it. They can cyber-bully you, or catfish. Sometimes it is hard for
parents to protect their child, because children are able to hid information from their parents, which
makes their lives a little harder and also for teens.

Gwenn Schurgin O'Keeffe and Kathleen Clarke-Pearson (17 March 2016). The Impact of Social Media on
Children, Adolescents, and Families retrieved from
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/4/800
This study will be helpful in our study, it tackles the big disadvantage of using social media for example
posting pictures it may be cause of cyber-bullying and the hardest part is children can easily hid their
information from their parents to avoid them to know what they are doing. This study is related to our
study because our study aims to know the disadvantages of internet dependency.

The Relationship between Excessive Internet Use and Depression

Morrison, C., and H. Gore
There is a growing awareness of a psychiatric construct that needs to be better defined and understood:
Internet addiction (IA). Recently there has been much public concern over the relationship between
Internet use and negative affect. This study explored the concept of IA and examined the relationship
between addictive symptoms and depression.
The concept of IA is emerging as a construct that must be taken seriously. Moreover, it is linked to
depression, such that those who regard themselves as dependent on the Internet report high levels of
depressive symptoms. Those who show symptoms of IA are likely to engage proportionately more than
the normal population in sites that serve as a replacement for real-life socialising. Further work needs to
be done on validating this relationship. Future research is needed to corroborate the existing evidence
and address the nature of the relationship between IA and depression: there is comorbidity between
these conditions that needs greater investigation.
Morrison, C., and H. Gore (2010). The Relationship between Excessive Internet Use and Depression
retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/20110764/
This article can help our research because this is one of the bad effect of to much use of internet.It was
stated hear the relationship of internet and depression, depression is one of the problem of many
students, it can affect their lifestyle and academic performance.
Internet- and computer game addiction: phenomenology, comorbidity, etiology, diagnostics and
therapeutic implications for the addictives and their relatives
Peter Peukert
Excessive and addictive internet use and computer game playing is reported as an increasing problem in
outpatient care. The aim of this paper is to give an overview about the current scientific discussion of the
overuse and addiction of internet and computer game playing.
Recent epidemiological data from Germany suggest that 1.5-3.5 % of adolescent computer and internet
users show signs of an overuse or addictive use of computer and video games. Moreover there is evidence
that the disorder is associated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, as well as lower achievements e.
g. at school
Since the addicted persons often show little motivation for a behavioural change we consider it a
promising approach to treat and train their relatives with the aim of increasing the motivation for a
behavioural change of the addicted person.
Peter Peukert (2010). Internet- and computer game addiction: phenomenology, comorbidity, etiology,
diagnostics and therapeutic implications for the addictives and their relatives retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/20597036/?i=6&from=/20545603/related

The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature.
Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC.

Internet addiction is a newly emergent disorder. It has been found to be associated with a variety of
psychiatric disorders. Information about such coexisting psychiatric disorders is essential to understand
the mechanism of Internet addiction. In this review, we have recruited articles mentioning coexisting
psychiatric disorders of Internet addiction
We describe the updated results for such disorders of Internet addiction, which include substance use
disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, hostility, and social anxiety disorder. We
also provide discussion for possible mechanisms accounting for the coexistence of psychiatric disorders
and Internet addiction.
The review might suggest that combined psychiatric disorders mentioned above should be evaluated and
treated to prevent their deteriorating effect on the prognosis of Internet addiction. On the other hand,
Internet addiction should be paid more attention to when treating people with these coexisting
psychiatric disorders of Internet addiction. Additionally, we also suggest future necessary research
directions that could provide further important information for the understanding of this issue.
Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. (2012). The association between Internet addiction and
psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22153731/?i=5&from=%2F18227746%2Frelated
This article can help researchers to have an idea on how to prevent or having a treatment to a people who
had internet addiction.
Social skills deficits and their association with Internet addiction and activities in adolescents with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
J Behav Addict
The aims of this study were to examine the association between social skills deficits and Internet addiction
and activities in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as the
moderators for this association.
A total of 300 adolescents, aged between 11 and 18 years, who had been diagnosed with ADHD
participated in this study. Their Internet addiction levels, social skills deficits, ADHD, parental
characteristics, and comorbidities were assessed. The various Internet activities that the participants
engaged in were also examined.
Social skills deficits were significantly associated with an increased risk of Internet addiction after
adjustment for the effects of other factors.Social skills deficits were significantly associated with an
increased risk of Internet addiction after adjustment for the effects of other factors.
J Behav Addict (2017). Social skills deficits and their association with Internet addiction and activities in
adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/28245666/?i=29&from=%2F19805713%2Frelated
This article can help the researchers because Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social skill
deficit is one of the effect of internet addiction. Internet dependency can leads to internet addiction.

Adverse physiological and psychological effects of screen time on children and adolescents: Literature
review and case study.
Lissak G. Environ Res
A growing body of literature is associating excessive and addictive use of digital media with physical,
psychological, social and neurological adverse consequences. Research is focusing more on mobile devices
use, and studies suggest that duration, content, after-dark-use, media type and the number of devices are
key components determining screen time effects. Physical health effects: excessive screen time is
associated with poor sleep and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure,
obesity, low HDL cholesterol, poor stress regulation (high sympathetic arousal and cortisol dysregulation),
and Insulin Resistance. Other physical health consequences include impaired vision and reduced bone
density. Psychological effects: internalizing and externalizing behavior is related to poor sleep. Depressive
symptoms and suicidal are associated to screen time induced poor sleep, digital device night use, and
mobile phone dependency.
Components crucial for psychophysiological resilience are none-wandering mind (typical of ADHD-related
behavior), good social coping and attachment, and good physical health. Excessive digital media use by
children and adolescents appears as a major factor which may hamper the formation of sound
psychophysiological resilience.
Lissak G. Environ Res (2018). Adverse physiological and psychological effects of screen time on children
and adolescents: Literature review and case study retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/29499467/?i=16&from=internet%20dependency#fft
This study can help our research by determining the effects of to much screen exposure in physical and
mental health.

University students' usage of the internet resources for research and learning: forms of access and
perceptions of utility.
Heliyon
Most prior studies into the utilization of internet technology for learning purposes in contemporary
educational settings in developing countries has largely dealt with its impact on academic performance,
communication and general educational purposes.
The students perceived that the lack of digital readiness among their staff and institution, the absence of
electronic library for easy accessibility to journals from the scientific database, and inefficient cybercafé
and internet facility within their university settings were the main issues discouraging the utilization of
the internet within their institutions.
Most of them stated that they depended on their smartphone/handsets to access the internet through
subscription from other internet providers and have become overly reliant on Google, Yahoo, and open
access e-Journals. Nevertheless, the students believed that the use of internet enabled them to perform
research ahead of time, tackle multiple homework, widens the scope of reading and learning, promotes
self-learning, encourages and enhances peer learning as well as ameliorates student's examination
preparation.
Heliyon (2018) University students' usage of the internet resources for research and learning: forms of
access and perceptions of utility retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/30582057/?i=5&from=students%20internet
This study provides a information on how does the students really need internet as a source of learnings
in their studies, and it also provides a information about the dependency of students on internet.

Social networking
Clemmit M.
This is an article discussing the how social networking sites and how the number of people just keep
growing on them. People spend some much of their lives online, we post pictures on networking sites, we
post statuses about everything we do. People know where we are and what we are doing at all times. Its
not only the amount of time people spend on the social networking sites it’s the amount of time the spend
on the internet period. People do other things like emailing, or playing games, Instant messaging with
friends, etc. Is social networking a good thing? Social networking can help us to get that connection back
with some old friends or family that we have lost touch with. But, is socializing online the same as
socializing in person?
Clemmit M. (2010). Social networking retrieved from
https://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Social_Networking.html?id=hCrJYgEACAAJ&redir_esc=y
This article would help our research to identify how many people and how often does this people use
internet or social media.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The social cognitive theory
Albert bandura
This theory has three theme : modeling, self-efficiency, and tutoring and mentoring
Modeling, which refers to learners observing others perform actions in context, is central to learning, so
teachers often incorporate it into their own teaching practice. Students are no longer bound to just
classroom walls, either. They can easily reach out through computers, tablets, and apps to see instructors
around the globe model different skills and problems.
Self-efficiency , or the belief in one’s own ability to complete tasks and reach goals, is increased when
students are able to watch a model of a skill and then practice it themselves. Many other types of
educational technology can increase students’ access to opportunities to increase their self-efficacy.
Tutoring and Mentoring Technology provides access to tutors or mentors that many students may not
have otherwise. Students are no longer bound to receiving help solely through their school community,
and can communicate with tutors and mentors from all over the world whom they would not otherwise
be able to reach with technology, increasing their learning potential.

This theory related to our topic because the researchers also going to determine the relation of internet
to students.Then, before the researcher determine their relation they need to know first on how the
internet affects the way of teaching of the teachers and on how thus the students adapt it.
Albert bandura (1960). The social cognitive theory retrieved from http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-
Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories5.html#headingtaglink_1

Internet Theory (1995)

Hans Dieter Huber
Internet can be described as a communication system, consisting certain components between which
certain interactions are observable to an observer. The environment "holds" the system and provides
relevant resources and maintains the system functions of net. No system can function outside the system.
All communication takes place in a system. Therefore, the Internet can be described as an autopoietic
system which provides the components out of which it exists. The components are single communication
units and they produce further communications (replies, answers, email, etc.). In this continous
production and reproduction, interaction takes place. Through that process, a certain actual structure is
established in the internet.
We can only talk in a highly selective perspective which depends on where we are located, when we look
into the Net and how, about the actual structure of the internet as accessable to a certain observer at a
certain moment.
Humberto M. Maturang and Francisco Vanela have tried to define the difference between organisation
of a system consists in a necessary relations which defines system. The structure consists in actual
relations between components which integrate the system as such. Therefore, the organisation of a
system like the Internet can remain invariant while it maintains it's identity without disintegration.

This theory helps in our study since it tackles about how internet is a communicating system. That internet
helps provide relevant resources and helps us communicate through it, just as our study is about internet
dependency behavior of students. It connects that students use internet as a way of communicating.
Hans Dieter Huber (1995). Internet Theory retrieved from https://www.hgb-
leipzig.de/artnine/huber/writings/internete.html

Media System Dependency Theory and Using the Internet for In-depth, Specialized Information
Daniel Riffe, Stephen Lacy, and Miron Varouhakis
This national survey found that a notable percentage of people depend on the Internet as a valued source
of in-depth information about health, science, and business. Between 31% and 50% of the respondents
said they use the Internet weekly for in-depth information in one of the three areas. These respondents
valued the Internet more than magazines, books, or friends and families as a source of in-depth
information. In-depth information is useful to people who depend on media for understanding and
orientation about issues and topics. Individual background variables were better predictors of whether
people use the Internet for such information than they were of people’s evaluation of that information’s
quality.

This study is related to our research since it tackles about how useful internet is, when giving informations
and it also states that many people depend on the internet.
Daniel Riffe, Stephen Lacy, and Miron Varouhakis (2008 January). Media System Dependency Theory and
Using the Internet for In-depth, Specialized Information retrieved from
https://scholar.google.com.ph/scholar?q=theory+about+internet+dependency&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis
=1&oi=scholart#d=gs_qabs&p=&u=%23p%3DfjrN2mz8JQsJ

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The research aims to look for the Internet Dependency Behavior of Students.
Specifically it will answer the following:

1. What is the importance of internet to students?

2. How can the use of internet affect student's academic performance?
3. If there is no internet, what are the possible sources of academic requirements or information?
4. How can the use of internet affect student's daily habits?
5. Do internet lessen the hassle of finding resources and studying?
6. How often do you use internet?
7. Do you experience sleep deprivation over using internet?
8. What will be the effect to the health of students when they overuse internet?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Future researchers. The informations may be use as references. This will help them know more about
internet dependency behavior.
Health Science. This will provide effects on the health of students dependent on internet and technology.
Parents. This will gave them enough knowledge about the topic and can also guide their sons/daughters
on limiting the use of internet
Psychology. This will provide informations about a student's behavior regarding internet dependency.
Students. This study will help them to understand more about internet dependency and how they can use
internet the right way.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study is about the internet dependency behavior of a student on how they depend or rely their
projects, assignments, reviews, etc. on the internet and on how they use it. The rearchers will study the
senior high school students of Buting who mostly use internet. This study is conducted in Buting Senior
High School at the school year of 2018-2019

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Internet dependency
it is a compulsive behavior that completely dominates the addict's life. Internet addicts make the Internet
a priority more important than family, friends, and work. The Internet becomes the organizing principle
of addicts' lives. They are willing to sacrifice what they cherish most in order to preserve and continue
their unhealthy behavior
Dr.Kimberly Young (2016) Definition of Internet addiction (Internet dependency) retrieved from
https://www.healthyplace.com/addictions/internet-addiction/what-is-internet-addiction-internet-
dependency