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2, February 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
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Abstract- In this paper, we make an attempt to analyse the unsteady convective heat and mass transfer flow of
viscous, electrically conducting fluid confined in a vertical channel on whose walls an oscillatory temperature
and concentration are prescribed. Approximate solutions to coupled non-linear partial differential equations
governing the flow, heat and mass transfer are solved by a perturbation technique. The velocity, temperature,
concentration and rate of heat and mass transfer are discussed for different variations of G, M, D-1, , , , k, N,
Sc, and x.
Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamics, Vertical wavy channel, Heat and Mass Transfer flow, Oscillatory wall
temperature and concentration
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al(12)have analyzed that the mixed convection heat and engineering. Kandaswamy et al (15)have discussed the
mass transfer along a vertical wavy surface. Muthuraj effects of chemical reaction, heat and mass transfer on
et.al(23) have consider mixed heat and mass transfer boundary layer flow over a porous wedge with heat
through a vertical wavy channel with porous medium. radiation in the presence of suction or injection.
Kumar(16) has investigated two-dimensional heat transfer 2. FORMULATION AND SOLUTION OF THE
of a free convective MHD flow with radiation and PROBLEM
temperature dependent heat sources of a viscous We consider the unsteady flow of a viscous
incompressible fluid, in a vertical wavy channel. incompressible electrically conducting fluid in a vertical
In many chemical engineering processes, there wavy channel bounded by wavy walls in the presence of
does occur the chemical reaction between a foreign mass constant heat sources. The unsteadiness in the flow is due
and the fluid in which the plate is moving. These to the oscillatory temperature and concentration
processes take place in numerous industrial applications prescribed on the boundaries. We choose a Cartesian
viz., polymer production, manufacturing of ceramics or coordinate system 0(x y) with walls at y Lf (x / L) .
glassware and food processing. Das et al(7) have studied By using Boussinesq approximation we consider the
the effects of mass transfer on flow past an impulsively density variation only on the buoyancy term also the
started infinite vertical plate with constant heat flux and
kinematic viscosity , the thermal conductivity k are
chemical reaction. Muthukumaraswamy (22) has studied
treated as constants. The equation governing the flow,
the effects of reaction on a long surface with suction.
heat and mass transfer are
Gnaneswar(9) has studied radiation and mass transfer on
x
an unsteady two-dimensional laminar convective
boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible
chemically reacting fluid along a semi-infinite vertical T = T1 T=T2 + (T2 – T1)Cos(t)
plate with suction by taking into account the effects of C = C1 C=C2 + (C2 – C1) Cos(t)
viscous dissipation. H0 y
The present trend in the field of chemical
reaction analysis is to give a mathematical model for the
system to predict the reactor performance. A large amount
of research work has been reported in this field. In
y = - Lf( x/L) y = + Lf( x/L)
particular the study of heat and mass transfer with
g
chemical reaction is of considerable importance in
chemical and hydrometallurgical industries. Chemical Configuration of the Problem
reaction can be codified as either heterogeneous or
homogeneous processes. This depends on whether they u u u 1 p
occur at an interface or as a single phase volume reaction. u v
Frequently the transformations proceed in a moving fluid, t x y x
(1)
a situation encountered in a number of technological 2u 2u e2 H o2
fields. A common area of interest in the field of ( ) ( )u ( )u g
aerodynamics is the analysis of thermal boundary layer x 2 y 2 k o
problems for two dimensional steady and incompressible v v v 1 p
laminar flow passing a wedge. Simultaneous heat and u v
mass transfer from different geometrics embedded in a t x y y
(2)
porous media has many engineering and geophysical
2v 2v
application such as geothermal reservoirs, drying of ( 2 2 ) ( )v
porous solids thermal insulation, enhanced oil recovery, x y k
packed-bed catalytic reactors, cooling of nuclear reactors, T T T
and under ground energy transport. A very significant 0C p ( u v )
area of research in radiative heat transfer, at the present t x y
time is the numerical simulation of combined radiation (3)
2T 2T (q R )
and convection/conduction transport processes. The effort kf ( 2 2 ) Q
has arisen largely due to the need to optimize industrial x y y
system such as furnaces, ovens and boilers and the
C C C 2C 2C
interest in our environment and in no conventional energy ( u v ) D1 ( 2 2 ) K C
sources, such as the use of salt-gradient solar ponds for t x y x y
energy collection and storage. In particular, natural (4)
convection induced by the simultaneous action of
buoyancy forces resulting from thermal and mass 0 0 0 (T T1 ) (C C1 ) (5)
diffusion is of considerable interest in nature and in many where u and v are the velocity components in x and y-
industrial application such as geophysics, oceanography, directions respectively, T is a temperature, C is the
drying process, solidification of binary alloy and chemical
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( N 2 2
2
) 1 f 2
(12)
x 2
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C C C d 2 C 00
Sc( 2 f 2 f ( )) 12 C00 0, C00 (1) 0, C 00 (1) 1 (29)
t x x d 2
(20)
2C 2C d 2 00
( 2
2 ) ( K Scf 2 )C 1 f 2 N 2 Q1C00 , 00 (1) 0, 00 (1) 1
x 2
d 2
In view of the boundary conditions (15-16) we assume (30)
( x, , t ) 0 ( x, ) e it 1 ( x, ) ............ 2
d C 01
12 C01 0, C 01 (1) 0, C 01 (1) 0
( x, , t ) 0 ( x, ) e 1 ( x, ) .........
it
d 2
d 00 d
C 00 (1) 00 (1) 1, 0, 00 0
(Gf 3 )( 0 N 0 ) d dx
d 4 01 2 d 01
2
d dC 01
(22) M Gf 3 ( 01 N )
d d d d
4 1 2
2 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3 0
(i 2 f 2 ) ( f )( 1
2
2 x 2 x x 3 d 00 d 3 00 d 00 d 3 00 (34)
0 1 1 0 C
( 1 f )( )
d d dx dx d
3 4 2
2 3
) M 12 (Gf 3 )( 1 N 1 )
x 3 4 2
d d
(23) 01 (1) 01 (1) 0, 01 0, 01 0
d dx
0 0 0 0 0 2
( P1 f )( ) 1 f 2 (24) d 2 C10
x x 2 52 C10 0, C10 (1) 0, C10 (1) 1 (35)
0 0 1 d 2
P1 (i 21 ( f )( 1 0 1 d 2 11
x x x 62 10 Q1C10 , 10 (1) 0, 10 (1) 1
d 2
0 1 21
) (36)
x 2 d 2 C11 d dC10
(25) 82 C11 ( 1 f )( 00
d 2
d dx
C0
2
d 10 dC00 d 00 dC10 d 10 dC00
( Kf 2 Sc)C0 0 (26) (37)
2
d dx dx d dx d
),
d 4 11
72
d 2 11 d dC
Gf 3 ( 11 N 11 )
11 f 68Ch( 6 ) f 69 Sh( 6 ) 5 ( )
d 4
d 2 d d
d 00 d 3 10 d 00 d 3 10 (40) 5 ( ) f1 f 2 f 3 2 ( f 4 2 f 6 )Ch( 1 )
( 1 f )( )
d d dx 2
dx d 3
( f 5 2 f 7 ) Sh( 1 ) ( f 8 f12
d d 2 f13 4 f14 ) Sh( 5 )
11 (1) 11 (1) 0, 11 0, 11 0
d dx
On solving the equations (29)-(40) subject to relevant
( f 9 2 f10 3 f15 )Ch( 5 ) ( f16 3 f18 ) x
boundary conditions we obtain xCh( 6 ) f17 Sh( 6 )
Ch( 1 ) Sh( 1 ) ( f 21 2 f 24 3 f 25 )Ch( 7 ) (f 22 3 f 26 ) x
C 00 0.5( )
Ch( 1 ) Sh( 1 ) xSh( 7 ) ( f 27 2 f 31 ) Sh( 8 )
00 a3 (1 2 ) a4 (Ch( 1 ) Ch( 1 )) f 28Ch( 9 ) ( f 29 2 f 32 )Ch( 8 )
a5 (Sh( 1 ) Sh( 1 )) ( f 30 2 f 34 ) Sh( 9 ) ( f 35 2 f 37 ) Sh( 10 )
00 a15Ch( 2 ) a16 Sh( 2 ) a17 a18 1 ( ) ( f 36 2 f 40 )Ch( 11 )
1 ( ) a11 a12 a13 Sh(1 ) a14Ch(1 ) ( f 39 2 f 41 ) Sh( 11 ) ( f 42 2 f 43 ) Sh( 12 )
C 01 0 xCh( 22 ) ( f 66 f 67 ) Sh(2 1 )
01 0 ( f 44 2 f 46 ) Sh( 13 )
Ch( 5 ) Sh( 5 ) ( f 47 2 )Ch( 13 ) ( f 50 2 f 51 )Ch( 14 )
C10 0.5( )
Ch( 5 ) Sh( 5 ) ( f 52 2 f 53 ) Sh( 14 ) ( f 54
Ch( 6 ) Sh( 6 ) 2 f 56 )Ch( 15 ) ( f 55 2 f 57 ) Sh( 15 )
10 0.5( )
Ch( 6 ) Sh( 6 )
10 b29Ch( 7 ) b30 Sh( 7 ) 3 ( ) f 58 Sh( 22 ) ( f 59 2 f 64 ) x
3 ( ) (b33 Sh( 5 ) b34Ch( 5 ) xSh( 23 ) ( f 60 2 f 63 ) Sh( 24 )
b35 Sh( 6 ) b37 Ch( 6 ) f 61Ch( 23 ) f 62Ch( 24 ) f 65 2 x
C11 e1Ch( 8 ) e2 Sh( 8 ) 4 ( ) where
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C with D-1.It is found that the actual concentration thermal buoyancy force the actual concentration enhances
enhances with increase in D-1. Greater the constriction of irrespective of the directions of the buoyancy forces
the channel walls higher the actual concentration in the (fig.39). The variation of C with Sc shows that the actual
entire flow region (fig.36). An increase in γ reduces the concentration depreciates with lesser the molecular
actual concentration (fig.37). From fig.38 it follows that diffusivity (fig.40). Moving along the axial distance of
an increase in the chemical reaction parameter k reduces the channel the actual concentration reduces within the
the actual concentration and enhances with higher k2.5. entire flow region (fig.41).
When the molecular buoyancy force dominates over the
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0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4 -0.3
I
II -0.4
-0.6 I
III
u u -0.5 II
IV
-0.8 III
V -0.6
VI -0.7
-1
-0.8
-1.2
-0.9
-1.4 -1
1.2 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1 -0.2
0.8 -0.4
I
II I
u 0.6
III u -0.6 II
IV III
0.4
-0.8
0.2
-1
0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-0.2 -0.2
-0.4 -0.4
I
I
II
u -0.6 u -0.6 II
III
III
IV
-0.8 -0.8
-1 -1
-1.2 -1.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-0.5 -0.2
-1 -0.4
I
I
II
u -1.5 II u -0.6
III
III
IV
-2 -0.8
-2.5 -1
-3 -1.2
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0
0 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.4 I
-0.6
I II
II u
u -0.6 III
III -0.8
IV
IV
-0.8 -1
-1 -1.2
-1.4
-1.2
0.25
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.15
0.1
0.2
I
0.05
II I
0.1
III v 0 II
v
IV -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 III
0 -0.05
V
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
VI -0.1
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3 -0.25
0.3
0.2
0.25
0.2 0.1
0.15 I I
C II v 0 II
0.1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 III
III
0.05 -0.1
0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -0.2
-0.05
-0.1 -0.3
y
0.6 0.3
0.4 0.2
0.2 0.1
I
I
II
v 0 v 0 II
III -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 III
IV
-0.2 -0.1
-0.4 -0.2
-0.6 -0.3
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0.4
4
3.5 0.3
3
0.2
2.5
I
0.1
2 I II
v
v II III
1.5 III 0
IV
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
-0.1
0.5
-0.2
0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-0.5 -0.3
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.1
I 0.05 I
II II
v 0 v 0
III -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
III
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
IV -0.05 IV
-0.1
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.2
-0.25
-0.3
1.4
2.5
1.2
2
1
I
1.5 II 0.8 I
III II
IV 0.6 III
1 V
VI
0.4
0.5
0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
2.5
1.2
1 2
0.8
1.5
0.6 I I
II
II
0.4 III
III 1
0.2 IV
0 0.5
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1.4
1.4
1.2
1.2
1
1
I 0.8 I
0.8
II II
III 0.6 III
0.6
IV
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1.8
1.4
1.6
1.2
1.4
1
1.2
I
0.8 I 1
II
II III
0.8
0.6 III IV
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1.8
1.4
1.6
1.2
1.4
1 1.2
I
I 1
0.8 II
II
0.8
III
III
0.6 IV
IV
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2 0.2
0
0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1
1.2
1 0.8 I
II
I
0.8 III
II C 0.6
IV
III
0.6 V
IV 0.4 VI
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
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1.2
1.2
1
1
0.8
0.8
I I
C 0.6 II II
C 0.6
III III
IV
0.4
0.4
0.2 0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1.2 1.2
1 1
0.8 0.8
I
I
II
C 0.6 II C 0.6
III
III
IV
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1.2 1.2
1 1
0.8 0.8
I
I
II
C 0.6 II C 0.6
III
III
IV
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
1.2 1.2
1 1
0.8 0.8
I I
II II
C 0.6 C 0.6
III III
IV IV
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2
0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
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1.2
0.8
I
II
C 0.6
III
IV
0.4
0.2
0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
The Nusselt number (Nu) at = ±1 is transfer enhances with x at =+1 while reduces at
shown in tables 1- 6 for different values of G, M, = -1 (tables3&6).
D-1,α, β, γ, K, N and x. The rate of heat transfer
depreciates at =+1 and enhances at = -1 with The rate of mass transfer (Sh) at = ±1 is shown in
increase in G > 0 while for G <0, |Nu| enhances at tables 7–10 for different parametric values. It is
=+1 and reduces at = -1. The variation of Nu found that the rate of mass transfer enhances with
with Hartmann number M shows that higher the increase in G > 0 and reduces with |G| at both the
Lorentz force smaller |Nu| at = ±1. An increase in walls. An increase in M leads to a depreciation in
the strength of the heat source enhances |Nu| at = |Sh| at = +1 while at = -1, it reduces with M ≤ 5
+1 and reduces at = -1. The influence of surface and enhances with higher M ≥ 10. The variation of
geometry on Nu is shown in tables 1 & 3. It is Sh with β shows that greater the constriction of the
observed that greater the constriction of the channel channel walls larger |Sh| at = +1 and smaller at
walls larger |Nu| at = +1 and smaller |Nu| at = - = -1. |Sh| enhances at = +1 and reduces at = -1
1. Also |Nu| enhances with increase in the with increase in γ. An increase in D-1 results in an
Womersley number γ at both the walls(tables 1 & enhancement in the rate of mass transfer at =+1
3). The variation of Nu with chemical reaction and at =-1,it enhances with increase in D-12x102
parameter k shows that higher the chemical and reduces with higher D-13x102.The variation of
reaction parameter k smaller |Nu| at = +1 and Sh with K shows that an increase in the chemical
smaller at = -1. When the molecular buoyancy reaction parameter k enhances |Sh| at = +1 and
force dominates over the thermal buoyancy force reduces at = -1(tables 7 & 9). The variation of Sh
the rate of heat transfer reduces at both the walls with buoyancy ratio N shows that |Sh| reduces with
when the buoyancy forces act in the same direction |N| irrespective of the directions of the buoyancy
and for the forces acting in opposite directions it forces. Also lesser the molecular diffusivity larger
enhances at =+1 and reduces at =-1(tables 2 & |Sh| at = +1 and smaller at = -1 (tables 8 & 11).
5). With reference to the Darcy parameter D-1 we Moving along the axial direction of the channel
find that an increase in D-1results in an walls the rate of mass transfer enhances at =+1
enhancement in Nu at both the walls. An increase and reduces at =-1 with increase in x (tables 9 &
in the Prandtl number P results in a depreciation 12).
in |Nu| at both the walls. Moving along the axial
direction of the channel walls the rate of heat
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.
Table 7 : Sherwood Number (Sh) at = +1
G I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X
103 1.8103 0.60319 0.39547 2.11744 1.56459 1.37068 1.81109 1.81501 1.85678 1.88909
3x103 1.84731 0.64906 0.45653 2.16972 1.58989 1.3871 1.8481 1.85202 1.89075 1.90678
-103 1.73628 0.51144 0.27333 2.01287 1.51399 1.33783 1.73707 1.741 1.77895 1.79095
-3x103 1.69927 0.46557 0.21226 1.96059 1.4887 1.32141 1.70006 1.70399 1.71234 1.72345
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M 2 5 10 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
-0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
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