LTE Planning & Design Guidelines

1. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................................3
2. PCI Planning Strategy ...........................................................................................................................................3
3. RSI Planning .........................................................................................................................................................4
4. Tracking Area Planning ........................................................................................................................................6
5. Transmission Modes .............................................................................................................................................8
6. LTE Interworking Strategy ...................................................................................................................................8
6.1 Objective ......................................................................................................................................................8
6.2 Idle Mode Layering Strategy........................................................................................................................9
6.2.1 Cell Selection ...........................................................................................................................................9
6.2.2 Cell Re-selection .................................................................................................................................... 10
6.2.2.1 Intra frequency Cell Re-selection ...................................................................................................... 10
6.2.2.2 Inter Frequency and Inter RAT Cell Re-selection ............................................................................. 11
6.3 Connected Mode Layering Strategy ........................................................................................................... 13
6.3.1 Intra LTE Handover ............................................................................................................................... 13
6.3.2 Inter RAT Data Handover...................................................................................................................... 14
6.3.2.1 Inter RAT Handover - LTE to GSM ................................................................................................. 14
6.3.2.2 Redirection without Measurements - LTE to GSM ........................................................................... 15
6.4 LTE Voice .................................................................................................................................................. 13
6.4.1 CSFB to 2G............................................................................................................................................ 15
6.4.2 Fast return to LTE .................................................................................................................................. 15
7. Paging ............................................................................................................................................................. 17
8. Volte ............................................................................................................................................................... 18
8.1 Volte Architecture ...................................................................................................................................... 18
8.2 Volte Bearer combination .......................................................................................................................... 18
8.3 Volte Parameter.......................................................................................................................................... 19
9. SRVCC ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
9.1 SRVCC to GSM ......................................................................................................................................... 20
1. Introduction
This document covers the key parameter planning strategy and interworking details for BSNL India LTE
Network. The recommendations mentioned in this document are based on best practices being adopted in
Nokia Global LTE NW implementations. This document will serve as reference for further discussions and
optimizations at BSNL India LTE Networks.

2. PCI Planning Strategy

General

PCI (Physical Cell Identity) is used to identify the cell. There are 504 unique physical layer cell identities.
The allocation of physical layer cell identities is analogous to scrambling code planning for UMTS. The
isolation between cells which are assigned the same physical layer cell identity should be maximised to
ensure that UE never simultaneously receive the same identity from more than a single cell.

PCI planning of small network with few cells is easy task to perform manually. However bigger network
needs use of an automated planning based on the allocation rules along with minimum re-use distance
concept. This task can be handled by 3rd party tools such as Atoll/Asset or Vendor properietry tools. All
tool requires propagation files as input to create PCI Plan.

PCI Planning Strategy

• Available PCIs are divided in 4 Groups

• Every group contains 114 PCIs
• Out of 114 PCIs, 24 PCIs are kept for future use for infill sites within specific group
• Any LTE site being planned will always be part of one of the PCI groups (group identified by
specific color in map)
• A database will be maintained for quick reference of a site and its PCI group
• Some PCIs (remaining 48) are reserved for special purpose (micros, more than 3 sectors, special
events, troubleshooting etc.)

Key Benefits

• Operational benefit for optimization engineer since one group will be used in single geography
 • Easy to maintain geographical distance between two groups
• Caters to future expansion with in group
• PCIs reserved for special usage will be helpful for more than three sector sites

Below rules to be followed during PCI planning

• Sectors of a site should never have same PCI

• Sectors of a site should not have PCI Mod 3 clash (3 sector site)
• Avoid PCI Mod 3 clash for nearby neighbor cells to maximum possible extent
• For new sites, ensure reusing the PCIs from the specified group only
Planned PCIs are reused in specific clusters after certain distances to avoid PCI and PCI Mod 3 clash.

3. RSI Planning
Random access is a basic procedure within cellular technologies so the terminal establishes uplink
synchronization and starts the uplink transmission. In LTE, the random access is used for several purposes,
some of them:

• Initial access when establishing a radio link

• To re-establish a radio link after a radio link failure
• During the handover process

Before starting the random acess process the UE has already adquired downlink synchronization. The UE
selects randomly a preamble from a list of parameters broadcasted in BCCH and transmits it in the PRACH
with an initial power. If the random access atempt is unsuccesful (there is no answer from the eNB) the UE
makes a retry with higher power level

Upon the reception of the preamble the eNB assigns a UL capacity grant so the UE can send the information.

PRACH Response
Not detected
DL

Next PRACH
Resource
UL UE Specific Data
Preamble Preamble

There are 64 preamble sequences available in each cell and are grouped in subsets, the terminal randomly
selects one sequence in one of the subsets during random access process.
The preamble consists of two parts: the preamble sequence and the cyclic prefix. In addition, there is a
guard time used during the preamble transmission to account for the timing and avoid interference with
other subframes not used for random access.

Based on the duration of the cyclic prefix and the preamble sequence 4 different preamble formats are
defined in LTE FDD. Most commonly used preamble format is Configuration 0 that allows for maximum
cell ranges of up to 15 KMs. The preamble configuration used in a cell is transmitted as part of the system
information

Preamble signatures generated from a cyclic shift of a single root sequence are orthogonal. The cyclic shift
is used for preamble generation and the configuration determines how many cyclic shifts are needed to
generate the preamble. We are using Preamble format 0.

RSI Planning Strategy

When two cells that are assigned the same root sequence could interfere each other and potentially lead to
ghost RACH’s, therefore the set of logical root sequence index assigned to each cell should be planned in
a way to avoid re-use in neighbor sites.
The relationship between cell size and the required number of root sequences allows for system
optimization. Ncs value to be chosen based on the inter-site distances across circles. Example, for Metro
city, inter-site distances are too less, hence we have chosen Ncs as 38 which ensures to have cell range of
4.5 km.

General guideline for Nokia circles are as follows.

• NCs 8, Cyclic Shifts 46, cell range ~6 KMs

Distribution of available 838 RSIs will be as follows and this will be common for all circles.
• Out of 838 available RSIs, 720 RSIs to be used
• 720 RSIs are divided into 4 RSI groups. Certain RSIs within each group are reserved for infill sites
• 80 RSIs are reserved for future (infill sites)
• 35 RSIs are reserved for special purpose
• RSI for any LTE site being planned will always belong to one of the 4 RSI groups
• Use RSI from Spare only if it is not possible to reuse from the specific site RSI group
• Use RSIs from special group for sites with more than 3 sectors, special event sites, troubleshooting
purpose etc.

RSI Group RSI Range Future Usage

RSIG1 1 to 144 145 to 180
RSIG2 181 to 324 325 to 360
RSIG3 361 to 504 505 to 540
RSIG4 541 to 684 685 to 720
Micro + Spare 721 to 800 Yes
Special Purpose 801 to 837, 0 Yes
4. Tracking Area Planning
Tracking Areas (TA) represent the LTE equivalent to Routing Areas. LTE does not have a circuit switched
domain so does not require Location Areas. TA are used for Evolved Packet System (EPS) Mobility
Management (EMM). UE are responsible for registering themselves within specific TA. System
Information Block 1 broadcasts the TA to which a cell belongs. An eNodeB can include cells which belong
to different tracking areas.

Once a UE is registered within a specific TA then paging messages are broadcast across all cells belonging
to that TA. The normal TA updating procedure is used when a UE moves into a TA within which it is not
registered.The periodic TA updating procedure is used to periodically notify the availability of the UE to
the network .

The Tracking Area Identity (TAI) is constructed from a concatenation of the Mobile Country Code
(MCC), Mobile Network Code (MNC) and Tracking Area Code (TAC). The TAC has a length of 16 bits,
allowing 65,536 TAI per PLMN.

TA boundaries should not run close to and parallel to major roads nor railways otherwise there is a risk of
relatively large numbers of updates. Likewise, boundaries should not traverse dense subscriber areas.
Cells located at a TA boundary and which experience large numbers of updates should be monitored to
evaluate the impact of the update procedures. In LTE, location update happens in Tracking Area List
(TAL).

TAL is comprising of multiple Tracking Area Code (TAC).

Nomenclature

For CSFB, TAL should be mapped to underlying 3G/2G LA. There may be multiple TACs with in one
Tracking Area List.

Tracking Area Dimensioning

TA dimensioning is the process of finding a optimum number of eNBs in a Tracking Area. A smaller TA
size will lead to frequent TA updates due to mobility. This will increase signalling load and may reduce
the paging success rate.
On the other hand, by increasing the TA size, the frequency of tracking area update is reduced. However,
this will results in increased paging load.
The upper limit of the number of eNBs in a TA is determined by the paging capacities of the MME and
eNB.
Generally, following are the guideline w.r.t dimensioning.

Clutter eNB per TA TAs per TAL

Urban 30 ~ 50 1 TAL ~ 6TAs
Suburban 40 ~ 60 1TAL ~ 6TAs

• Configured Site Count/ TAL has to be approx. 175 sites

Key points for TAC- LAC mapping

 • Each LAC will be mapped with one TAL
• Each TAL can be comprised of single TAC or multiple TACs;
• One or multiple TACs can be part of one LAC
• Multiple LACs can’t be part of one TAC

Example for TAC – LAC Mapping

CELL TAC
LAC TAC 1 TAC 2 TAC 3 LIST ID
33302 52002 TAL 1
33303 52003 TAL 2
33306 52006 TAL 3
33315 52043 52044 52015 TAL 4
33316 52016 52052 TAL 5
33317 52017 TAL 6
33318 52050 52018 TAL 7
33319 52035 52036 52019 TAL 8
33320 52020 52055 TAL 9
33321 52046 52045 52021 TAL 10

5. Transmission Modes
3gpp has specified various transmission modes in the LTE Network for Tx diversity, MIMO and Beam
forming. With current FDD 2X2 deployment, following Transmission modes will be used during initial
deployment

TM Mode 2: Tx Diversity
TM Mode 3: Open loop Spatial Multiplexing - MIMO
Based on reported radio conditions by UE, eNB decides to switch transmission mode between TM2 and
TM3. Following are the radio parameters being set to make the change over happen.

Parameter Value Remarks

CQI threshold to fall back to Tx diversity
mimoOlCqiThD 7 MIMO
CQI threshold to fall back to Open Loop
mimoOlCqiThU 8 Spatial Multiplexing MIMO

6. LTE Interworking Strategy

With the introduction of LTE, existing networks will be operating with multiple RATs (LTE, UMTS and
GSM). This section provides guidance for mobility and traffic handling between following layers in a
network
• LTE FDD, 2100 MHz
 • GSM 900 MHz
Broadly mobility strategy is divided into three parts
1. Idle mode
2. Connected Mode
3. Voice (CSFB)

6.1 Objective
With the introduction of LTE, existing networks will be operating with multiple RATs (LTE, UMTS and
GSM). This section provides guidance for mobility and traffic handling between following layers in a
network
• To ensure seamless interworking between all frequency bands and layers
• To distribute UEs between coverage and capacity layers
• To ensure that LTE capable UEs stay in LTE layer for most of the time provided coverage is
available
• Voice calls in LTE to be redirected to GSM900 using CSFB.

6.2 Idle Mode Layering Strategy

All LTE capable devices support absolute priority based cell selection and reselection. Absolute priority
can be defined from 0 (Lowest) to 7 (Highest). Recommended priority is defined in following order

• LTD FDD (Highest)

• GSM 900/1800 (lowest)

In the current network configuration, L2100 will have highest priority. Priority 7 & 6 can be used in future
if additional LTE bands are acquired by BSNL.

6.2.1 Cell Selection

Cell selection is based on RSRP and RSRQ as per below details
• Rel-8 UEs use only RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) based measurements of LTE cells
• Rel-9 UEs perform RSRP and RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) measurements

LTE Cell Selection Criteria

For Rel-8 UEs : Srxlev > 0
For Rel-9 and above : Srxlev > 0 & Squal > 0

Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) – Pcompensation

Squal = Qqualmeas – (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
Pcompensation = max (PEMAX – PUMAX, 0) dB

QrxlevMin :Minimum required RSRP level for cell selection (dBm)

Qrxlevminoffset :Used only when camped in VPLMN
PEMAX :Maximum Tx power a UE may use in uplink
PUMAX :UE Class specific maximum UL Tx power
Squal :Cell selection quality value (dB)
Qqualmeas :Measured cell quality value (RSRQ)
Qqualmin :Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Qqualminoffset :Offset to Qqualmin for a higher priority PLMN while camped in a VPLMN

For the initial rollout, it is recommended to use only RSRP based measurements, RSRQ related parameters
are not broadcasted in SIB message.

Key parameters

Following are the parameters being set to drive the selection process in LTE.

Parameter Value Unit

QrxlevMin -124 dBm
QrxlevMinoffset 0 dB
PEMAX 23 dBm

• Above parameter setting will allow LTE capable UEs to always select LTE cell, if available, i.e.
measured RSRP level is better than -124 dBm
• If above criteria is not fulfilled (no LTE coverage), UE will search for a GSM cell
• For GSM cells, current cell selection criteria will be used, Rx Level > -105 dBm (As per
configuration in current network)

6.2.2 Cell Re-selection

6.2.2.1 Intra frequency Cell Re-selection
UE performs intra frequency measurements when

Srxlev <= Sintrasearch

Cell ranking criteria Rs for serving cell and Rn for neighbor cell for cell reselection is defined as

Rs = Qmeas, s + Qhyst
Rn = Qmeas, n – Qoffset
Qmeas, s :Serving cells RSRP
Qmeas, n :Neighbor Cell RSRP.
Qoffset :Offset for Neighbor Frequency

UE will perform reselection to intra-frequency neighbor cell if

Rn> Rs
RSRPneighbor - qOffsetCell > RSRPserving + qHyst

Key parameters

Parameter Value Unit

Sintrasearch 44 dB
Qhyst 3 dB
Qoffset 0 dB
Treseleutra 1 sec

With Sintrasearch = 44dB, UE will measure Intra-frequency neighbor cells when serving cell RSRP falls
below -80 dBm ( -124 + 44 )
UE will reselect to an intra-frequency LTE neighbour cell if neighbour cell RSRP is 3 dB better than serving
cell.

6.2.2.2 Inter Frequency and Inter RAT Cell Re-selection

Cell reselection between different LTE frequencies and different RATs is based on absolute priorities.
These can be configured for each LTE frequency (including serving cell) and for every frequency of each
RAT. Priorities are provided to UE via system information. UE performs cell reselection evaluation only
for those inter-LTE frequency and inter-RAT carriers for which UE has received priority.

UE performs inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighbor measurements when

Srxlev <= Snonintrasearch

Parameter Value Unit
QrxlevMin -124 dBm
Snonintrsearch 10 dB

With Qrxlevmin as -124 dBm and Snonintrasearch as 10 dB, UE will start measuring inter-freq or inter-
RAT neighbor when serving cell RSRP falls below -114 dBm (i.e.-124 + 10dB)

Reselection from a higher priority cell to a lower priority cell will be performed if

SservingCell < Threshserving,low AND the SnonServingCell,x > Threshx,low during a time
interval TreselectionRAT And More than 1 sec elapsed since the UE camped on the current
serving cell

Reselection from lower priority cell to higher priority cell will be performed if
 Snonservingcell > Thresh,high during Treselection And More than 1 sec elapsed since the UE
camped on the current serving cell

LTE to GSM Cell Reselection

LTE is at higher priority compared to GSM

Parameter Value Unit

QrxlevMin -124 dBm
Snonintrsearch 10 dB
threshSrvLow 8 dB
gerFrqThrL 0 dB
qRxLevMinGer -105 dBm

UE will perform reselection from LTE to GSM if LTE serving cell RSRP < -116 dBm AND GSM
neighbour cell Rx Level > -105 dBm

GSM to LTE Cell Reselection

As LTE is higher priority layer, UE in GSM layer will always measure LTE layer.
UE will reselect from GSM to LTE if LTE cell RSRP > -112 dBm

GSM Parameters Value Unit

lteAdjCellMinRxLevel -124 dBm
lteAdjCellReselectUpperThr 12 dB

There will not be any change in existing 2G-3G interworking parameters

 6.3 Connected Mode Layering Strategy
6.3.1 Intra LTE Handover
Intra frequency handover can be based on event A3 or A5.
Event A3 based handover (better cell handover) aims to keep the UE always on the best cell. Event A3 is
triggered if
Neighbor cell RSRP > Serving cell RSRP + a3offset for specific time period (defined by time to
trigger parameter)

Parameter Value Unit

a3-offset 3 dB
a3-TimeToTrigger 320 ms
a3-ReportInterval 640 ms

Handover will get triggered when neighbor cell is 3 dB better than serving cell for at least 320ms time
duration.

Event A5 based Handover moves UE to other intra-frequency cell when serving cell RSRP gets below an
absolute threshold and neighbor cell RSRP becomes better than an absolute threshold.

Serving Cell < threshold3 AND

RSRP Neighbor cell > thresholds 3a
 Parameter Value Unit
enableCovHo 1 (true)
threshold 3 30 dB
threshold 3a 32 dB
a5-TimeToTrigger 320 ms
a5-ReportInterval 640 ms

Based on above parameter setting, coverage based handover will trigger if serving cell RSRP falls below -
110dBm and neighbor cell RSRP is better than -108dBm for 320ms time duration.

6.3.2 Inter RAT Data Handover

6.3.2.1 Inter RAT Handover - LTE to GSM
When leaving LTE coverage, Handover of data services from LTE to 2G can be enabled. This limits the
service interruption time to ensure minimal impact on end user experience. Event triggered handover is
based on downlink RSRP measurements reported by UE. Inter RAT measurements are triggered by event
A2. Handover decision is based on event B2.

Following measurement events are used

Event A2
Serving cell becomes worse than absolute threshold : Activate IRAT measurements

Event A1
Serving cell becomes better than an absolute threshold) :Deactivate IRAT measurements
Event B2
Serving cell becomes worse than threshold1 and Neighbor cell becomes better than threshold2

Parameter in LTE Cell Value Actual Value Remarks

threshold2GERAN 23 -117 dBm Start IRAT Measurements
b2Threshold1GERAN 21 -119 dBm
Redirection to 3G based on event B2
b2Threshold2RssiGERAN 10 -105 dBm
threshold2a 36 -104 dBm Stop IRAT measurements

6.3.2.2 Redirection without Measurements - LTE to GSM

When UE risks losing coverage and no handover is possible, eNB can redirect UE to target RAT/frequency
using RRC Connection Release message.

Based on event A2 reports, eNB triggers redirection towards specific RAT (GSM).

Parameter Vale Actual Value

threshold4 18 -122

6.4 LTE Voice

6.4.1 CSFB to 2G
As there is no CS domain in LTE, voice services can be provided by

1. VoLTE : Voice over IP (VoIP ) technique, requires IMS or

2. CSFB :UE will be moved to other RAT that provide CS domain

With CSFB, voice calls initiated in LTE can be redirected to either GSM or UMTS network

CSFB calls are redirected to GSM900 layer. Following table provides relevant parameters for CSFB
target RAT

Parameters Value Remarks

redrtId 1
actCSFBRedir 1 CSFB to GSM900
redirRat geran
 csFallBPrio 1
redirGeranArfcnValue G900 ARFCN

6.4.2 Fast return to LTE

CSFB UE in 2G will be moved to 4G through fast reselection as per the feature activation in 2G RAT.
7. Paging
MME is responsible for sending paging records to the eNB using S1AP: Paging message. MME sends the
paging records to all eNode B with cells belonging to the relevant tracking area (idle mode UE location is
known on a tracking area basis). Paging records can originate from either the CS or PS core network
domains. CS pages traverse the SGs interface to reach the MME from the MSC. The eNode B collects,
schedules and broadcasts the individual paging records. Scheduling of paging records depends on paging
frames and paging occasion.

Key Paging definitions

• DRX: UE in RRC Idle mode uses Discontinuous Reception (DRX) to reduce power consumption.
The DRX cycle determines how frequently UE check for paging messages. The default DRX cycle
is defined using the defPagCyc parameter

• Paging Frames: UE listen for paging messages during their Paging Frames. Paging Occasions:
UE attempt to decode paging messages during specific subframes within their paging frames
defined by paging occasion (PO). The Paging Occasion defines a single subframe for each UE.

Following are the key paging parameters to be configured

Parameter Value Remarks

defPagCyc 128 128 radio frames in paging cycle => 1280ms DRX period
pagingNb T number of subframes (PO) used for paging within each radio frame

Maximum 16 paging records can be sent in one RRC Paging message. With nB set as ‘T’, max paging
capacity at eNB level will be 1600 pages per second.

8. Volte:
LTE has no Circuit Switched (CS) bearer to support voice, so carrying voice over LTE requires a
migration to a Voice over IP (VoIP) solution. Until this migration occurs, LTE-capable handsets need to
revert to 2G or 3G for voice calls, which can reduce quality or even suspend Packed Switched (PS)
services.
The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Profile for Voice and SMS document, commonly referenced as
Voice over LTE (VoLTE), defines the mandatory set of features that the mobile device and network are
required to implement in order to guarantee an interoperable, high quality IMS-based telephony service
over LTE.

8.1 Volte Architecture:

Below snap represent the Volte Network Architecture along with major network elements

8.2 Volte Bearer Combination:

• The VoLTE service has specific bearer combination requirements.

- QCI1 dedicated bearer is used for the speech.

- QCI5 bearer is used for SIP signaling to the IMS.

QCI Guarantee Priority Delay Budget Loss Rate Application

1 GBR 2 100 ms 1.00E-02 VoIP

2 GBR 4 150 ms 1.00E-03 Video call

3 GBR 3 50 ms 1.00E-03 Real time gaming

 4 GBR 5 300 ms 1.00E-06 Streaming
5 Non-GBR 1 100 ms 1.00E-06 IMS signalling
6 Non-GBR 6 300 ms 1.00E-06 Streaming, TCP

7 Non-GBR 7 100 ms 1.00E-03 Interactive gaming

8 Non-GBR 8 300 ms 1.00E-06

Streaming, TCP
9 Non-GBR 9 300 ms 1.00E-06

8.3 Volte Parameter:

For activation of VOLTE below parameter setting is required

MOC Abbreviated name Values Description

range: {false, true}
LNBTS actConvVoice Activates the support of conversational voice bearer
default: false
range:
{SIGNALLING, Specifies how the EPS bearer with QCI 5 is scheduled. In case of
LNBTS schedulType NON-GBR} Signaling the bearer is handle like SRB
default: NON-GBR
range: 0-400, step:
1 Threshold for the maximum number of established QCI1-GBR-
LNCEL maxNumQci1Drb
default: 100 (for DRBs in the cell
10MHz band)
range: 0-400, step: Additional margin for the maximum number of active GBRs in the
1 cell accessing the cell via handover with HO-cause "HO desirable
LNCEL addNumQci1DrbRadioReasHo
for radio reasons". This margin is added to the threshold
default: 15 (for maxNumQci1Drb.
10MHz band)
range: 0-400, step: Additional margin for the maximum number of active GBRs in the
1 cell accessing the cell via hand over with HO-cause: "Time
LNCEL addNumQci1DrbTimeCriticalHo
Critical HO". This margin is added to the threshold
default: 20 (for maxNumQci1Drb.
10MHz band)

QCI1 Specific parameters for different bandwidths are defined below

Carrier BW 20 MHz 15 MHz 10 MHz 5 MHz

max PRBs 100 PRBs 75 PRBs 50 PRBs 25 PRBs

PRBs for UL-signaling (PUCCH) 19 17 10 8

range, default range, default range, default range, default

Parameter
step size value step size value step size value step size value
 0…600 0…500 0…400 0…200
maxNumQci1Drb 100 100 100 75
step 1 step 1 step 1 step 1
0…600 0…500 0…400 0…200
addNumQci1DrbRadioReasHo 40 30 15 15
step 1 step 1 step 1 step 1
0…600 0…500 0…400 0…200
addNumQci1DrbTimeCriticalHo 40 30 20 15
step 1 step 1 step 1 step 1

9. Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SR-VCC)

The core network will need to support VoIP capable LTE handsets to continue voice calls even when the
user leaves LTE domain and a hand-over to 2G/3G. This functionality is called ‘single radio voice call
continuity (SR-VCC)’ and is, as CS-fallback, standardized in 3GPP R8. The standard further specifies
measures to ensure quality of service and a rich set of voice services. These standard functions ensure the
continuity of voice service when introducing LTE without impacting the end-user experience and enable
mobile operators to differentiate from plain internet voice offerings.

Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) 3GPP TS 23.216 refers to continuity between VoLTE in
PS access and CS calls that are anchored in MSS or IMS when the UE is capable of
transmitting/receiving on only one of those access networks at a given time

9.1 SRVCC to WCDMA/SRVCC to GSM

No new thresholds and time-to-trigger values are introduced for SRVCC features for triggering
the inter-RAT measurement procedures or triggering the actual handover

- LTE442 eNACC related parameters are reused for SRVCC to GSM

- LTE56 Inter-RAT handover to WCDMA parameters are reused for SRVCC to WCDMA