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KEY

 TERMS  
Elements  of  Art  and  Principals  of  Design  

Project  I:    
Volume:  Refers  to  the  space  within  a  form.  The  space  inside.  

Mass  :  Refers  to  the  effect  and  degree  of  bulk,  density,  and  weight  of  matter  in  space;  the  area  an  object  
takes  up  in  space.  

Project  2:  
Repetition:  The  use  of  the  same  elements  used  over  and  over  again.  Thus,  a  certain  color  or  shape  might  
be  used  several  times  in  the  same  picture.  Repetition  also  can  contribute  to  movement  and  rhythm  in  a  
work  of  art.  

Rhythm:  A  visual  tempo  or  beat.  The  principle  of  design  that  refers  to  a  regular  repetition  of  elements  of  
art  to  produce  the  look  and  feel  of  movement.  It  is  often  achieved  through  the  careful  placement  of  
repeated  components  which  invite  the  viewer's  eye  to  jump  rapidly  or  glide  smoothly  from  one  to  the  
next.  

Unity:  The  quality  of  wholeness  or  oneness  that  is  achieved  through  the  effective  use  of  the  elements  
and  principles  of  design.  A  totality  that  combines  all  of  its  parts  into  one  complete,  cohesive  whole.    

Variety:  Variety  is  often  obtained  through  the  use  of  diversity  and  change  by  artists  who  wish  to  
increase  the  visual  interest  of  their  work  

Project  3:  
Abstraction:  the  opposite  of  naturalism,  or  the  antithesis  of  forms  that  replicate  or  imitate  reality.  
Abstraction  moves  away  from  a  depiction  of  realism  by  taking  the  essence  of  realism  and  applying  an  
idea  that  focuses  the  artist’s  selective  vision.  In  other  words  an  artist  is  looking  at  an  object  that  exists  
and  manipulating  its  properties  to  create  a  work  of  their  own  creation.  
 
Non-­objective:  Artworks  having  no  recognizable  subject  matter  (not  recognizable  as  such  things  as  
houses,  trees,  people,  etc.)  Also  known  as  non-­‐representational  art.  The  artist  is  not  looking  at  an  object  
that  exists.  
 
Realism/Naturalism:  The  realistic  and  natural  representation  of  people,  places,  and/or  things  in  a  work  
of  art.    

Misc.  
Sculpture  in  the  Round:  To  be  viewed  from  all  sides;  freestanding.    
 
Relief  Sculpture:  A  type  of  sculpture  in  which  form  projects  from  a  background.  It  can  only  be  viewed  
from  the  front.  

Installation:  Art  that  is  or  has  been  installed  —  arranged  in  a  place  —  either  by  the  artist  or  as  specified  
by  the  artist.  It  might  be  either  site-­‐specific  or  not,  and  either  indoors  or  out.    

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