ِ ‫حيْم‬

ِ ‫الر‬
َّ ‫ن‬ِ ‫م‬
ٰ ‫ح‬
ْ ‫الر‬
َّ ِ‫سم ِ الله‬
ْ ِ‫ب‬

Personal pronouns
We Have both subject Pronouns and object pronouns :

Subject Object
I Me
You you
He him
She her
it it
we us
You You
They them

We use subject pronouns as the subject of a verb:

I like your dress.

You are late.
He is my friend.
It is raining.
She is on holiday.
We live in England.
They come from London.

Be careful!
English clauses always have a subject. (Kata Klausa dalam inggris selalu memiliki subjek)

His father has just retired. > He was a teacher. (NOT Was a teacher.)
I'm waiting for my wife. > She is late. (NOT Is late.)

The imperative, which is used for orders, invitations and requests, is an exception:

Stop!
Go away.
Please come to dinner tomorrow.
Play it again, please.

If there is no other subject, we use it or there. We call this a dummy subject. (description on below
after practice of pronouns)

We use object pronouns as the object of a verb: (Kami menggunakan kata ganti objek sebagai objek kata kerja)

Can you help me, please?

I can see you.
She doesn't like him.
I saw her in town today.
We saw them in town yesterday, but they didn't see us.

and after prepositions:

She is waiting for me.

I'll get it for you.
Give it to him.
Why are you looking at her?
Don't take it from us.
I'll speak to them.

Practice

Subject and object pronouns 1 :

1. Hello, my name's Matthew and ___ am your new teacher.

[ ] I [ ] me

2. Why did you invite Peter and Mary? You know ___ don't really like parties.
[ ] They [ ] them

3. Here's my phone number. Phone ___ if you need any help.

[ ]I [ ] Me

4. I'm Sally and this is Ron, my husband. ___ live near Newcastle.
[ ] We [ ] Us

5. Where do you want these bags? Shall I put ___ in the kitchen?
[ ] They [ ] Them

6. Where's Joanne? Has anyone seen ___ today?

[ ] She [ ] Her

7. John's quit his job. ___ is going to start his own business.
[ ] He [ ] Him

8. My aunt's visiting me next week. I hope ___ brings me a present.

[ ] she [ ] Her

9. Pierre asked me for your email address. Can I give it to ___?

[ ] Him [ ] He

10. We're going for something to eat. Do you want to come with ___?
[ ] We [ ] Us
Subject and object pronouns 2 :
Can you remember the sentences from the last activity? Write the correct pronouns. Remember🙅‍♂No Cheating!

1. We're going for something to eat. Do you want to come with .... ?
2. Why did you invite Peter and Mary? You know ...... don't really like parties.
3. I'm Sally and this is Ron, my husband. ..... live near Newcastle.
4. My aunt's visiting me next week. I hope ...... Correct brings me a present.
5. Pierre asked me for your email address. Can I give it to ..... ?
6. Hello, my name's Matthew and ..... am your new teacher.
7. Here's my phone number. Phone ..... if you need any help.
8. Where's Joanne? Has anyone seen..... today?
9. Where do you want these bags? Shall I put ...... Correct in the kitchen?
10. John's quit his job. ...... is going to start his own business.

'it' and 'there' as dummy subjects

English clauses always have a subject: (Kata Klausa dalam inggris selalu memiliki subjek)

His father has just retired. > He was a teacher. (NOT Was a teacher.)
I'm waiting for my wife. > She is late. (NOT Is late.)

... except for the imperative: (Kecuali dalam keadaan yang sangat penting)

Go away.
Play it again, please.

there
If there is no other subject, we use there to talk about:

>where or when something is:

There's an interesting book on the shelf.

There'll be an eclipse of the moon tonight.

>a number or amount:

There is plenty of bread left.

There were twenty people at the meeting.

>something existing or happening:

There's a small problem.

There was a nasty fight.
It
We use it to talk about:

>times and dates:

It's nearly one o'clock.

It's my birthday.

>the weather:

It's raining.
It's a lovely day.
It was getting cold.

We use it with the verb be and an –ing form or to-infinitive to express opinions:

It's great living here.

It's nice to meet you.

Practice
Subjects of sentences
What's the subject of each sentence? Write it in the gap.

Example : Her name is Ilmia Amalia, She’s diligent person. (2 word) answer : She’s | She is

1. I don't like dogs very much. (1 word) [............................]

2. Sometimes Eduard has to work at the weekend. (1 word) [............................]

3. There are two big spiders in the bath. (1 word) [............................]

4. Smoking is bad for you. (1 word) [............................]

5. It would be great to see you again some time. (1 word) [............................]

6. Wow! Your dress looks fantastic. (2 words) [............................]

7. Maybe the keys are in your jacket. (2 words) [............................]

8. Eating chocolate always makes me feel better. (2 words)[............................]

“it” and “there” as dummy subjects 1
Choose the correct subject, 'it' or 'there', to complete each sentence.

1. ___'s a party at Nick’s tonight. Do you want to go?

[ ] It [ ] There

2. ___'s half past ten. We should go home soon.

[ ] It [ ] There

3. If you're hungry, ___'s some lasagne in the fridge.

[ ] It [ ] There

4. Don’t forget, ___'s your mum's birthday tomorrow.

[ ] It [ ] There

5. ___'s very warm in here. Can we open a window?

[ ] It [ ] There

6. OK, let's start the meeting. ___'s a lot to talk about!

[ ] It [ ] There

7. The last time we had a holiday, ___ rained all the time.
[ ] It [ ] There

8. ___ isn't easy being a nurse.

[ ] It [ ] There

9. ___'s red wine or white. Which would you prefer?

[ ] It [ ] There

10. ___'s stupid to drink and drive.

[ ] It [ ] There

“it” and “there” as dummy subjects 2

Can you remember the sentences from the last activity? Write the correct pronouns. Remember🙅‍♂No Cheating!

1. The last time we had a holiday,[............................] all the time. (2 words)

2. Don't forget, [............................] mum's [............................] tomorrow. (4 words)

3. If you're hungry, [............................] in the fridge. (4 words)

4. [............................] in here. Can we open a window? (4 words)

5. [............................] ten. We should go home soon. (4 words)

6. OK, let's start the meeting. [............................] to talk about! (4 words)

7. [............................] at Nick's tonight. Do you want to go? (4 words)

8. [............................] or white. Which would you prefer? (4 words)

9. [............................] stupid [............................] and drive. (4 words)

10. [............................] isn't [............................] a nurse. (3 words)