laws over a five-montF period this year, or an averaqe of 30 a moirth or one a day' Cooies 5f laws that Executive Sec- retarv'salvador Medialdea sent to the rtor-ri" of ReDresentatives showed that Ge pr"sident'affi"ed his signature on the Congress-approved bills Eetween April and Ausust. The Fresident allowed an additional 17 bills to lapse into law bringing to 170 the total of l'eeislative measures enacted within the fivt-month Period Most of the bills sifned by the Chief Executive are what lawmakers call local laws. as thev are of local application. Nlanv of ihem authorize the creation of baransivs. conversion of local schools or roadsYnio national schools or highways, creation of additional courts, changing the names of roads, conversion of local hospitals into national health facilities or e'stablishins district offices of national agencies like"the Land Transportation Office (LTO). The nrrrooses of the larrvs entail the aooropiati'on of hundreds of millions - piih"itr, ulttiotrt -.of taxpayers' money, but since there aJ€ no funds tor them rn the national budeet, thev are iust an addition to an already"long liit of irnfunded laws. No one kirows"when a provincial road converted into a nation;l highwaY, a new regional trial court, a local hospital transfeiied to the national govemrnerit for fundins and better manaqement or a new LTO oflce in a congressi6nal districi will ever be funded. A number of the new laws are of na. tiondl application. including Republic Act 113i6. which increased excise taxes on lobacco and vapor Products Amonq the 153 lai^is signed bY the President- were several franchise bills, mostlv involving radio and lelevision broadtasting, and- telecommunications. The Chiei Executive, howevel chose not lo sign 1o broadcasting and telecom franchisel and just allowed these to lapse into law. Amons the 1o are renewals for fV-5 and the 6roadcasting network run by Catholic tlishoos. onlv one loial bill became a law when Dutert'e did not sign or veto iL within 30 davs from its submission lo his office: one ab6ut the search for lhe presidency of the t'r"A Palompon lnstitute of Teihnology in Leyte and its conversion into a state universify Q-.t'