Adhyayan Polity2 PDF

Adhyayan IAS Academy: Polity Paper 2: Part 2
MPSC MAINS
Paper 2: Part 2:
MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

TELEGRAM@ADHY AY AN ACADEMY PUNE, CONTACT: 7796423107/7796243108
Page 1
INDEX:
Pressure Groups
EVM
Political Parties
Election Process
ECI
Maharashtra
Election
Commission
NOTA
SVEEP
Model Code of
Conduct
Election Ink
Electoral Reform
2019 Loksabha
Election
Party Manifesto
Vote Shares
Number of seats

Page 2
गट:  इ

  1967
 


ग :  :
 :
 

:


 Interest aggregation



 1963
:
 Interest articulation
 इ 2.Anomic Groups:
 Spontaneous groups
 :
 
 
 
  Ulfa: 1979
: ण :
3  1974
1. Lobbying: 
2. Electioneering: 

3. Propaganda: JKLF:

: 
1.Institutional: 
 :

Page 1
3.Farmers Group: Weakest PG in india REVOLUTIONARY PEASANTS CONVENTION

 1967
ट 1978  CPM
 
 :
United kisan Sabha: CPM
 1973  ए
 
 इ :

 2004
4. ग ट
: ण  AITUC: CPI
 INTUC: CONGRESS
  HMS: SOCIALIST
  CITU: CPM
  BMS: BJP
 LABOUR PROGRESSIVE
 1986 FEDERATION: DMK
  UNITED TRADE UNION CONGRESS:
 RSP
 INDIAN FEDERATION OF TRADE
UNION: CP MARXIST LENINIST
 1988  HIND MAJDOOR KISAN PANCHAYAT:
JD (U)
 BHARTIYA KAMGAR SENA: SHIVSENA
 New trade union initiative:
 1979  INTUC and HMS: INTERNATIONAL
 CONFEDERATION OF FREE TRADE
UNIONS: WESTERN BLOC
 RSS  AITUC: WORLS FEDERATION OF
ण: TRADE UNIONS: COMMUNIST BLOC
 All india kisan sammelan
 5. :
 FICCI
All india kisan sabha  ASSOCHAM
  FAIFDA
 AIMO
 1936

 1939:
 इ

Page 2
6. : 8.

 1973

 इइ
 1970

 
 Ash
7. : 
: : 1967  1980 इ
1985
NSCN: 1980  1980

 National socialist council of Nagaland


 2003 :




People's liberation army: ण
ण :


 1978
 इ 

गट:  1970
 इ
 RSS
 1964 : 1990

 1996
गट
National Council

 :


 

 2000
 इ
 :

Page 3
ग  1977
  NDA


ग:
 National Fish workers forum
 
  1991
:  2002
 1970 80

 1982 Anti Arrack :
George Fernandez 
 
 1974  1992
All Assam Students Union(AASU) A Nationalist students organisation of Assam

Akhil Bhartiya Vidhyarthi sangh No affiliation
All India Students Federation(AISF) related to Communist Party of India
All India Democratic Students
Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
Organisation
All India Revolutionary Students'
Communist Party of India (Maoist)
Federation
Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad Constitutionally Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
All India Students Association
Liberation
Progressive Students Association CPM
Chhatra Bharati Third Front and Anna Hazare
Kerala Students Union Indian National Congress
Student wing of the Jacobite Syrian Christian
MGJSM
Church
Muslim Students' Organisation of Largest students organisation of Muslims (Barelvi,
India (MSO) Sufi)
Muslim Students Federation Indian Union Muslim League

Page 4
Adhyayan IAS Academy: Polity Paper 2: Pressure Groups

Page 5
Paper 2
Part 2

Page 6
EVM
Type of electoral reform
 1892: New York : lever voting
machine
 1975: 1st EVM in USA
INDIAN COURTS: EVMs National Pride
1. Control Unit
2. Ballot Unit
5
3. VVPAT
M2:
1. 1 Ballot : 16
2. 1 : 4 ballot : 64
: M3
 1 : 24 ballot :
384
 Control Unit memory: life long
 : 6 volt / 7.5 volt(new file)
 2000
Manufacturer:
1. Bharat Electronic Limited
(ministry of defense)
2. Electronic Corporation of India
Limited (atomic energy
department)
COST:
1. M2: 8670 rs
2. M3: 17000 rs
MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Page 7
Evolution:  2004: 543

 1952 1957:
 4 ( 2004
 1960-61 2009 2014 2019)
1999  2006: second technical expert
committee: Prof. Indiresan
: ballot paper marking  2015: Photo of candidate
 1977: :  2018: ballot paper
 1977: ECIL EVM :
 1979: PROTOTYPE
 19 1982: ( )
 1984:
:
 1988: 61 A 1951 Representation of
people's act amendment (effective
1989)
 January 1990: Electoral Reforms
Committee: Dinesh Goswami:
 Technical Expert Committee
Generations of EVM
1. UPTO 2006 : M1
 1990: S SAMPATH 2. 2006 TO 2013: M2
3. 2013 TO TILL NOW: M3
VOTER VERIFIABLE PAPER AUDIT

TRAIL:
 1998: 16 (
1. 2010: /
)
ECI TEC
2. 2001:
 1999: GOA SLA :1st time entire
state
 1999: 45 3. 2002: :
4. 2013: VVPAT
 2001: : 5. 4 2013:

Page 8
6. 2013:
7. 2014: 8
8. 2017: 2019 इ
VVPAT 100%
 Not connected
 CANNOT BE HACKED
 : ,  Faster
 No human error
 No invalid votes(2000 /
 7
)
 life 5
 Indian made
 LED  In house software
verification  Cannot accept another vote within
 16,15,000 VVPATs 12 seconds
 Votes are date and time stamped
3 2017 EVM CHALLENGE  OTP: ONE TIME PROGRAMMABLE
  ONE VOTE AT A TIME
 Next vote only after activation of

Balloting Unit
 Sealed using 'pink paper seal'
 Randomized machines
 Mock poll by political parties
EVM :  Evm tracking software
 Tamper proof/Standalone/No  No vote stuffing
virus  3 to 4 hour counting as compared
to 30 to 40 hours
 Totalizer: 14 control units can be
aggregated
TEC
/ / /
EVM and Braile:
 2004: Asifnagar AP: SLA Bye
election
 2008: Whole Delhi : SLA
 2009: Loksabha election

Page 9
:
:






Political Party:
Political Party Vs Pressure

Group

Page 10
Party type 2014 2019

National 6 47
State 7 52/36
Unrecognized 1593 2301
As on 10 April, 2019
Two Type of political parties in India i.e.
1. Registered and recognized parties
a) National Parties (7),
b) State recognized parties (36),
2. Registered But Unrecognized parties (2044).
: National Party :
Ø The party wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha (11 seats) from at least 3 different
States.
Ø A party gets recognition as State Party in 4 or more States
Ø At a General Election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of
votes in four States and in addition it wins 4 Lok Sabha seats.
In August 2016, the election commission has made changes in clause 6C of the Election
Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968 to review the status of political
parties every 10 years, instead of present norm of five years.
: State Party:
Ø At a General Election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly , the party has polled
minimum of 6% of votes in a State and in addition it has won 1 Lok Sabha or 2
Legislative Assembly seats.
Ø At General Elections or Legislative Assembly elections, the party has won 3% of
seats in the legislative assembly of the State (subject to a minimum of 3 seats).
Ø At a Lok Sabha General Elections, the party has won 1 Lok sabha seat for every 25
Lok Sabha seat allotted for the State.
Ø At a General Election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party has polled 8%
of votes in a State (since 2011)

Page 11
Foundation
S.No. Name Abbreviation
year
1. Bharatiya Janata Party BJP 1980
2. Indian National Congress INC 1885
3. Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI-M 1964
4. Communist Party of India CPI 1925
5. Bahujan Samaj Party (2001) BSP 1984
6. Nationalist Congress Party NCP 1999
All India Trinamool Congress (2 September 2016)

7. TMC 1998
4 states: WB/ Tripura/ Arunachal/ Manipur
BSP:
 National party status in: 2001:
 Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir
 More than 6% votes in these assembly elections
RJD:
 Lalu Prasad Yadav
 Poor performance in Jharkhand
 Lost status in 2010
PMK and Manipur’sPeople’s party: lost status of state party in 2010 and 2013
CPM/CPI/NCP/BSP: didn’t lost status after 2014 elections due to New Rule by ECI

Page 12
Benefits of Being National/ State Party:
1. : reserved vs free symbols

a)
b) :
2. 1 proposer
3. 2 sets of electoral roll free of cost
4. 1998 :
5. : 131
6. : 184
7. 40 : (इ 20)
Classification of Indian Political Parties: J C Johari
1. Ideologically Non Committed: Congress
2. Ideologically committed : Rightist and Leftist
Rightist Leftist
BJP CPI
Shivsena/ MANASE CPM
3. Regional: Communal and Non Communal
: Communal Non Communal
Shivsena TDP
Shiromani Akali Dal ASSAM GAN PARISHAD
Muslim legue National Conference
DMK / AIDMK Haryana Congress
RPI
4. Local and Communitarian:
JMM/ Manipur People’s
party/Gorkha
Legaue/Arunchal
Congress/Mizo Natioanal
5. Adhoc:
Kerala Congress/ Lok shakti/
RLD/ Bangla Congress
6. Fringe: Janata/ Hindu
Mahasabha/ Praja Socialist

Page 13
Evolution of Indian Political :

Party Systeme: 1952 1967:
One party dominance
Types 1967 :
 Reactionary  Syteme of competitive
 Conservative dominance
 Liberal 
 Radical

One party system
 Single party  multi party
 One party dominant 
 Congress and now Bjp 
Two party system:
 Birtan  16 : 1967 68
 USA
India
 ?
 Tamil Nadi
 Rajasthan 1975- 1977:
Multi Party system
 France 1977:
 Italy 
 India

Coalitions:  : o
NDA vs UPA
: CPI CPM
 1980 1989:
 
 

1989 2014:


ट:

 Bargaining



2014 :




 One party dominance:BJP

Page 14
 31 17 National Parties:


1946:
1977:
:
  : 28
 1885
1989-90: NATIONAL FRONT  W C Banarjee
 Bjp
Student organization:
1990-91: NSUI
:
1991:

 Minority govt
United front govt:  1 1924
1996-97:  Chief Organiser:
1997-98: 
1998: NDA National Herald:


1999:_2004:  1938
5  The Associated Journals Ltd

2004 09: UPA1
2009 14: UPA2  2008
2014 - 2019: NDA govt
 :
2019: NDA govt
 2017
Trade Organization: INTUC

 3 1947
Youth Wing of congress:

Page 15
All india mahila Congress:1983 

 : first transgender woman  Rights Based Approach
national general secretary 
/
:
 2019


 ग

 : district congress committee
 1991:
 :Provincial congress committee

 : all india congress committee

 President:Rahul Gandhi
: ग :
 AICC Year Seats %votes
1951 364 / 489 364 44.99%
Congress working committee:
 President + leader in parliament and 1957 371 / 494 7 47.78%
23 members
1962 361 / 494 10 44.72%
 12 are elected by AICC
 Other by President 1967 283 / 520 78 40.78%
 High command
1971 352 / 518 69 43.68%

1977 153 / 542 199 34.52%
Congress Parliamentary Board:
1980 351 / 542 198 42.69%
 President plus 9 members
1984 415 / 533 64 49.01%
1989 197 / 545 218 39.53%
:
 1991 244 / 545 47 35.66%
 Lower middle class 1996 140 / 545 104 28.80%
 Lower class
1998 141 / 545 1 25.82%

 1999 114 / 545 27 28.30%
 2004 145 / 543 31 26.7%

 1989 2009 206 / 543 61 28.55%
 : 2014 44 / 543 162 19.3%
2019 52 / 542 8 19.5%
ण:

 Left to the centre
 Democratic socialism
 : 1955

Page 16
ट:
4
Party with Difference
1.
 : 2.
3.
:6ए 1980 4.
 :

: Cadre Based Party RSS ण
:
 : 1951 to 1977
 :
 : 1977 1980
 3 2 term
:  National executive: highest decision
making body
 
 1951 21 
 
 :
ण:
ABVP: STUDENT WING:
 :
1949
 Unitary state with hindi as official
: language
 Not affiliated to international trade  Social conservatism 377 IPC
union Confederation ( INTUC  Economic nationalism
) 
 23 1955 
 
 westernisation
:
 1978  1990
  Integral Humanism:
 :
 
: 
 27 1925  Administrative cost cut down



Page 17
:
 2019: 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.

 6. autonomy
 370 35a 7.
 8.

 इ
Seats Change % of
 Year
Won in Seat votes
: 1951 3 – 3.06
1957 4 1 5.93
 1962 14 10 6.44
 OBC 1998 1967 35 21 9.41
 1971 22 13 7.35

 Seats Change Percentage
Year
won in seats of votes

1984 2 / 533 2 7.74%

1989 85 / 545 83 11.36%

1991 120 / 545 35 20.11%

1996 161 / 545 41 20.29%
ण
1998 182 / 545 21 25.59%
ग : 1999 182 / 545 23.75%
 : 73 2004 138 / 543 44 22.16%
 17 2009 116 / 543 22 18.80%
 12 5 2014 282 / 543 166 31.34%
2019 303 / 543 21 37.46%
1. FOUNDER OF JANSANGH
2. RSS WORKER
3. INTEGRAL HUMANISM
4. PRESIDENT AND GEN SECRETARY OF
JANSANGH

Page 18
Social Conservatism ण ण ट ट:
ण
:
Vs CP(M)
 1959
 1. 1925 Kanpur/ 1964 Nov 7 Kolkatta
2. 1941
 Congress
3. vs LEFT
4. VS CHINA
इ
5. VS Deal

between Capitalists and british
 6. Vs Peoples’
 Democracy
 7. Vs International Identity
: 8. VS Faremers
 Market based economy 9. इ Vs Hatred about
 Zamindar's Congress
 Single largest opposition party in 4th
loksabha 1967 to 71 with 44 seats :
 1972
 balancer
 :
: 

ण

 1.
2.



  ए ग :
1964
1964 ट ट
ण
1. 1962
2. 1962
3. 1964

Page 19
ण: : LOKSABHA
  2019:
 1948 1951  2014:9
 2009:16
 :  2004: 43
 1952 ग
  3
  5
  16
 26
:
 59 :
1.
Related organisations:
2. :
3. :
: 
 
 All India Youth Federation 1959
 National Federation of Indian woman:
 1954
ग : AITUC: 1920

:LOKSABHA

 2019: 2
 2014: 1 :
 2009: 4 All India kisan sabha:
 2004: 10  swami sahajnand saraswati 1936
ग
:
 :2
 People's democracy
 :2 
 : 19 
 :1 
 1st 2nd and 3 Loksabha strongest
rd
ORGANISATIONS
opposition party 1. Democratic youth federation of india
1957: Namboodripad Government 1980
1. 126 60 2. Students federation of India 1970
3. All india Democratic women's
2. association 1973
4. Centre of Indian trade union 1970
5. Ganmukti parishad tribal wing
3. 1959 :

Page 20
:
  1984 14
  इ

:
 1957
 1960

ण :
 :
 1998 1



 :2 2016
 UPA 2009 
 RETAIL FDI  1972

ण : left to centre 
 Populism 

 इ

 :
 :
इ :
 :
 :
:
 
 
 :
: BSP



 1978


ग :
 1982: :
1. 2014:34
2. 2019: 22
 1984 :
3. : 213
:

 TWIN FLOWERS IN GRASS

Page 21
ण: Socialist Party:
  1934
  1948 :
 Annihilation of caste
 CPI
 Social engineering

 1948:
 Not
 1955:

 Radical: RPI
 :
 : / :
:
 :
:  :
 BAMCEF 
 

 :

 :

 :
ग : 
 2009: 21
 2014: 0  :
 2019: 10
:
: 
 1992 
 
 :
 : 48 
 :1
 2019 :5  : Mankind/
 2014: 5  इ



Page 22
ग :
 2  2004: 9
  2009:9
 2014: 6

 2019: 5 4 1

 : 41
 JP

 इ ## ##

  1967
  1989
:  Son soil movements

 25 1999 :
  Ethnic and religiocultural identity

 Territorial differentiation
  Local discontent
 
 
 
 
 2012 :
ट:
ण: 
 Civic nationalism: 
 

:  Son of soil movements

: इ
इ 
 :2 
 :1  9 2006
 :1 
 :1  Son soil
 /

Page 23
:
 
 
 

 

ग :
 Yes its possible: 2014 development ग :
blue print
 2009 : 13 4th largest  : 18
party
 3
 2014 :1
 : 64
 2014/ 2019: 0
 :0
 BMC: 2017 7 : 6  :0
 2014: : 18
 : 2012: 40 2017 : 5
ग

 29 2012/ 2017 2
 1982
 :
:
 19 1966 
 :  :
  इ
 ( ) 
 1983: 10
ण 

  1984 1989

 1998 NDA  2018 NDA :
 2014

 2018 

Page 24
ए
 :3
 :2  1967

 2014: 17

DMK AIDMK:  DK
 1916: :  DMK
 1925: self respect movement: 
 1944: :

 1949: 
 MUSLIM LEGUAE 1948

 1979
 1967: :

 First and only non congress party in 

India to form a government in state
on its own AAP:
 1969:  26 2012

 1972: 
: AIADMK  इ
 1977: AIADMK CPI  India Against Corruption
DMK JANATA CPU(M)  :
 1977: AIADMK
MGR  An Insignificant Man : documentary
 1993: MDMK by
 1999:
ण:
 Centre to left
:6 

ण: 
 / two leaves  :
  :

  :
 1963 :

Page 25
ग : गण :
 2013: 28/ 70 
31 congress  2001
49 
 2015 : 67 70 53.4%  2014
3 (32.2%) 
0
 : 2017 : 20 ए :
 
 :0 
 : 
 2014: 4  2011

 2019: 1

: 


:
 2004 ( )  1947
20 
 2001: 
 2004: 
 2009  इ
 2014 ( ) 

: 
 1935 2015 

 इ
ण:
 : market access and

technology
 Kisan Coordination committee 
 
 2004 2010 ?
  CPI
 :

Page 26
1998: people Democratic party

: 
 

 :
 : 11
:

  national conference
 
 SGPC 
 1920:

 1966:

 1973:
 JK 1947 accession



 1974 इ :
 :
:
गण :

 Son of soil movement

 इ


 1985
 1946:
 :
 1952:
 AASU:
 1986:
National conference:
 :
  Self respect movement 1925
 1932 muslim conference  E V ramswami naickr
 1939: 
  Justice party
 DK party
 DMK : 1965 ANTI HINDI AGITATION

Page 27
:
: Kazi Lhendup Dorji or Kazi

Lhendup Dorji Khangsarpa
 SGPC






 1962
 1966

 1984 :

ग ग :

 1980



:


 1959

 1986

ग :

 council



 3
:
 1979

 1985
 1985

Page 28
Random Personalities from

Page 29
NCERT: ग




 Maker of modern Karnataka
 Uk US 

 : economy of permanence
ग
 Planning commission
 : acting
1967 to 1969
 : 1969 1974
ण



 इ



 1957

 1962 :


 


 Privy purse: govt grant and private
 1951 1956 : property retained by prince families
 Privy purse
 1957 1964  इ


Page 30
2019 (GS/CSAT) BATCH 2019:

TELEGRAM@ADHYAYAN ACADEMY PUNE, CONTACT: 7796423107/7796243108
/ ण
Ø
Ø ण Ø
ग इ ( Ø Ø Ø
25 January
1950 )
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21 March Ø ६५
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327:
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Ø Ø
328: State
Legislature Ø १९९०
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329: Court
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Ø

MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTION COMMISSION

 73 74
 .26 ए , 1994
 ग -9 243 ट (243 K)
( , )
 243 (243 ZA)
( ग , ग ग ) ण
ण
 ‘
, ’
. .
1 . .ए . 26.04.1994 25.04.1999
2 . .ए . 15.06.1999 14.06.2004
3 . 15.06.2004 14.06.2009
4 ण 07.07.2009 06.07.2014
5 . ग 05.09.2014

***73RD 74TH ARTICLES****

ARTICLE TRICK ARTICLE TRICK
243 DEFINITIONS 243 P***
243 A GRAMSABHA 243Q QUANSTITUTION
243 B BASE 243R
243 C CONSTRUCTION 243S
243 D DESERVE 243T
243 E 243U DURATION
243 F FAIL 243V VOID
243 G GOVERNANCE 243 W WORK
243 H HUNDI 243 X TAX
243 I IFI 243 Y YFI

FUNCTIONS
243 J 243 Z AUDIT
243K ण 243 ZA ण
243 L 243 ZB
243M ग ण States: 243 ZC
243 N 243 ZD*** DISTRICT

PLANNING
MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from : 3 June2019

Page 34
243 O ट 243 ZE*** METROPOLITIAN

PLANNIG
243 N LAWS 243 ZF LAWS
243 O ट 243 ZG ट

Page 35
SC/ST states
States 1976 sc and st 2008 sc and st maximum
Maharashtra 3 and 4 5 and 4 SC: UP:17
India 79 and 41 84 and 47 ST: MP: 6
MH SLA 18 and 22 29 and 25 Total MH: 288
 SC:Latur/ Solapur/ Ramtek/ Shirdi/ Amravati ST seats

 ST: Nandurbar/ Dindori/ Palghar/Chimur (Gadchiroli)

Page 36
Delimitation Commision:
geographical area of constituencies were to be delimited taking into account
1. physical features,
2. existing boundaries of
3. administrative units,
4. facilities of communication and
5. public convenience
Except the States of
1. Arunachal Pradesh,
2. Assam,
3. Manipur,
4. Nagaland and
5. Jammu & Kashmir in the last delimitation exercise.
The Delimitation Order in respect of State of Jharkhand was not given effect in
accordance with the provision of section 10B of Delimitation Act 2002.
The Election Commission consolidated Orders of the Delimitation Commission as 'The

Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008'.
Boundry ग
Commission ART:82 for LS
1952/1962/1972/2002
Art: 170: SLA
Amendment Year of Amendment Census year freeze
42 dr K.Xþ. 1976 1971 2000
84 dr K.Xþ 2001 1991 2026
87 dr K.Xþ. 2003 2001 2026

Page 37

Page 38
The residents of the

former enclaves exchang
ed under the 2015 India-
Bangladesh boundary
agreement voted for the
first time.
ECI has to count VVPAT

slips of 20,625 EVMs
% voting MH
2019 2014 2009
60.79 60.32 50.71
% voting India 2019 GAP

2019 2014 2009 2019 Male 66.68%
67.11 66.44 58.19 2019 Female 66.79%

Page 39

Page 40

Page 41

Page 42
NOTA: None of the above

 2001: first proposal by ECI
 2004: PUCL demand: Petion
 27 September 2013: Supreme Court Order
 2013: 1st Use Chattisgarh/MP/Mizo/Rajsthan/Delhi
 2014 General Election: First LS election to use NOTA
 2019: Goplganj Bihar: Highest NOTA votes: 51660 (5.04%)
 2019: Maharashtra: Highest NOTA : Palghar Constituency
 2014: 60 lakh NOTA/ highest % Bastar: 5.04% and Nilgiri 4.99
2019 LS 2014 LS
1.04 1.08 India
0.90 maharashtra
0.92 MH SLA 2014
MCC:
1. from date of announcement to result declaration
2. Not an act
3. Self regualting mechanism
4. Kerala election 1960: started
5. 1991: today’s MCC evolved
6. 1991: strict implementation

Page 43

Page 44
Electoral Reforms: Committes:

Tarkunde JP movement 1. 3 member body
Committee 2. Selection committee with PM LOP and CJI
1974 as members
Unofficial 3. Age 18 years
JP movement 4. Voter’s Council for free and fair election
5. TV Radio: Autonomous
6. Audit by parties
Dinesh Electoral Reforms 1. Satisfied with EVM
Goswami 1990 National front 2. Increase Security Deposit
Government 3. Bye election within 6 months
4. Age relaxation: LS 21/ RS 25
5. Not two contest from more than two
constituency
Vohra Crime and Politics
Committee
1993
Indrajit Gupta State Funding State funding is constitutional and legal
Committee 8 member committee
1998 By BJP govt
NCRWC Constitutional review
Venkachalliya
2002
2nd ARC Moily Ethics in Governance
2007
Tankha Election Laws and
Committee Reforms
2010
J S verma Criminal Law
Committee amendment
2013
 Important Reforms:  2003: RS election: Open Ballot and
 1988: age 18 from 21 years: 61 st No residential requirement
amendment  2003: TV RADIO time
 1993: EPIC  2003: upto 20000 Rs Income Tax
 1996: bye election within 6 exemption
months if more than 1 years term  2009: Exit Polls restrictions
is remaining  2010: Non resident Voting rights
 1996: not more than two  2013: Persom in Jail can contest
constituency election: ECI vs Jan Chawkidar
 2003: Proxy voting Case
 2003: information regarding crime  2013: Immediate disqualification
with nomination paper of MPs and MLAs from holding
membership of house without 3

Page 45
month window for appeal:

section 8 (4) RPA 1951: Lily
Thomas vs UOI and Lok
Prahari Case
SVEEP: launched by Election Commission of India to inform, educate, motivate and

facilitate voters and in turn make Indian democracy more participative and meaningful
 every aspect of the election process is simulated to ensure enhanced voters’
participation in the polling.
 successful in increasing voter registration and high voter turnout with greater participation
from youth and women.
 The Election Commission has created a SVEEP wing to plant and implement the
interventions. For successful implementation, ECI has collaborated with:
 Government, public, civil society groups, media and NGOs.
 Educational institutions, youth organizations such as NYKS, NSS, NCC etc.
 2011: TN/Kerala/Assam/WB/Paundichery
Various Components of SVEEP
1. Voters’ Behavior Survey
2. Formulation of State and District level SVEEP plans
3. Personnel for State level
4. State and District level core groups
5. Collaboration with Government departments
6. Collaboration with CSOs, Media and organisations
7. National Voters Day
8. Identification of National and State Icons
9. In 2011, Election Commission of India launched the National Voters Day to be celebrated
on 25 January every year as a part of the SVEEP Programme.

Page 46
AFFIDAVITS OF CANDIDATES –
ALL COLUMNS TO BE FILLED IN:
form 26 A
In pursuance of the
judgment dated 13th
September, 2013 passed
by the Supreme Court in
1. obligatory for the

Returning Officer “
2. to check whether the
information required is fully
furnished at the time of filing of
affidavit disclosing their
 criminal antecedents,
 assets,
 liabilities and
 qualifications
with the nomination paper”,
Different Forms to be filled

 6: New Voter
 6A: NRI
 7: Deletion objection in electoral
roll
 8: EPIC change
 8A: residence change

Page 47
Election
Commission
of India for
the first has
launched a
new
application
for giving live information to everybody about the estimated voter
turnout during the poll. The application captures the real-time information from the data
inputted by the Returning Officers and calculates the estimated totals and displays in the
user-friendly android mobile application. The application is called as ‘Voter Turnout’ app

Page 48
Association for Democratic Reforms

 Non-governmental organization
 adrindia.org
 Description
 The Association for Democratic Reforms is an
Indian non-partisan, non-governmental
organization which works in the area of
electoral and political reforms. Wikipedia
 Founded: 1999
 Abbreviation: ADR
 Volunteers: 1200 NGOs
 Membership: Open for all
 Motto: "No office in this land is more important
than that of being a citizen" -Felix Frankfurter
 Founders: Ajit Ranade, Brij Kothari

Page 49
chance:
 : 15.5%
:
 : 4.7%
 2 80
ग ण
 36% 25 50
 : 39% 116
 64% 51 80
 : 57% 29
 : 43% 10 Security Deposits:
 : 81% 13 2009 General SC/ST
 : 58% New
 : 100% 90% Deposits
: LS 25000 12500
 : 88%
SLA 10000 5000
 : 265 88%
 : 43 84%
 : 100%
Election Ink:
First use 1962: mysore kanrtaka
 Left hand Index Finger or other finger
 : 21% of left hand
 : 1%  Or Right hand index finger
 Mysore Paint Varnish LTD
ण:  Export to 28 countries
 1  Silver Nitrate
 73% :
graduation and
above
 24% : 5 to 12th

Page 50

Page 51

Page 52
PolityPaper 2
Part 2-2019 Election:

Page 53
Voters for 2019 General Election
Group Voter population
Male 468 million
Female 432 million
Third gender 38,325
Total voters 900 million

Page 54
National
2019 Indian General Election Congress
(INC)
Bahujan
← 2014 11 April – 19 May 2019 Next →
Samaj
0 4.14% 10 3.63%
Party
542[note 1] (of the 545) seats in the Lok (BSP)
Sabha All India

272 seats needed for a majority Trinamool
34 3.84% 22 4.07%
Congress
(AITC)
Party BJP INC
Others 183 41.71% 155 35.38%
Alliance NDA UPA
Leader's seat Varanasi Amethi (lost)

Wayanad Sum of
Party Number of
Last election 282 seats, 44 seats, Seats
31.34% (BJP) 19.52%
336 seats, (INC) Bharatiya Janata Party 303
38.5% (NDA) 60 seats,
23% (UPA) Indian National Congress 52
Seats won 303 (BJP) 52 (INC) Dravida Munnetra

23
353 (NDA) 92 (UPA) Kazhagam
Seat change 21 (BJP) 8 (INC) All India Trinamool

22
17 (NDA) 32 (UPA) Congress
Yuvajana Sramika Rythu

22
17th Lok Sabha Election Result Congress Party
2014 vs 2019 ( BJP – INC – BSP – AITC )
Shivsena 18
Party 2014 2019
Janata Dal (United) 16
Total Vote Total Vote
Vote share Vote share Biju Janata Dal 12
Bharatiya Bahujan Samaj Party 10

Janata 282 31.00% 303 37.38%
Party Telangana Rashtra
9
Samithi
Indian 44 19.31% 52 19.55%

Page 55
Sum of Sum of
Party Number of Party Number of
Seats Seats
Lok Jan Shakti Party 6 Janata Dal (Secular) 1
Nationalist Congress Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1

5
Party
Kerala Congress (M) 1
Samajwadi Party 5
Mizo National Front 1
Independent 4
Naga Peoples Front 1
Communist Party Of
3 National People'S Party 1
India (Marxist)
Indian Union Muslim Nationalist Democratic

3 1
League Progressive Party
Jammu & Kashmir Rashtriya Loktantrik

3 1
National Conference Party
Telugu Desam 3 Revolutionary Socialist

1
Party
All India Majlis-E-
2 Sikkim Krantikari
Ittehadul Muslimeen 1
Morcha
Apna Dal (Soneylal) 2
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal
1
Communist Party Of Katchi
2
India
Total 542
Shiromani Akali Dal 2
Aam Aadmi Party 1
Ajsu Party 1
All India Anna Dravida

1
Munnetra Kazhagam
All India United

1
Democratic Front

Page 56
Maharashtra
Won Leading Total
Party
AIMIM 1 0 1
BJP 23 0 23
Independent 1 0 1
INC 1 0 1
NCP 4 0 4
Shivsena 18 0 18
Total 48 0 48

Page 57

Page 58
Andhra Pradesh
Result Status
Status Known For 175 out of 175
Constituencies
Party Won Leading Total
Janasena Party 1 0 1
Telugu Desam 23 0 23
Yuvajana
Sramika Rythu 151 0 151 Odisha
Congress Party
Result Status
Total 175 0 175 Status Known For 146 out of 146 Constituencies
Wo Leadin Tota
Party
n g l
Sikkim
Bharatiya
Result Status Janata Party
23 0 23
Status Known For 32 out of 32 Constituencies

Biju Janata
112 0 112
Dal
Communist
Sikkim Party of
Democratic 15 0 15 1 0 1
India
Front (Marxist)
Sikkim Independen
Krantikari 17 0 17 1 0 1
t
Morcha
Indian
Total 32 0 32 National 9 0 9
Congress
Total 146 0 146

Page 59
Arunachal Pradesh
Result Status
Status Known For 60 out of 60 Constituencies
Bharatiya Janata Party 41 0 41
Independent 2 0 2
Indian National
4 0 4
Congress
Janata Dal (United) 7 0 7
National People's
5 0 5
Party
People's Party of
1 0 1
Arunachal
Total 60 0 60

Page 60
Seats Seats Seat

2014 elections assembly MH Votes Vote %
contested won change
Bharatiya Janata Party 260 122 14,709,455 27.8%
Shiv Sena 282 63 10,235,972 19.3%
Indian National Congress 287 42 9,496,144 18.0%
Nationalist Congress Party 278 41 9,122,299 17.2%
Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi 36 3 329,457 0.6%
Peasants and Workers Party of
51 3 533,309 1.0%
India
All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul 24 2 489,614 0.9%
Muslimeen
Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh 70 1 472,925 0.9%
Communist Party of India 20 1 207,933 0.4%
(Marxist)
Maharashtra Navnirman Sena 220 1 1,665,033 3.7%
Rashtriya Samaj Paksha 6 1 256,662 0.5%
Samajwadi Party 22 1 92,304 0.2%
Independent 1699 7 2,494,016 4.7% N/A
Total[29][30] 288 288 50,105,123 100%

Page 61
Vote % in
2009 Assembly elections MH Seats won Vote %
seats contested
Indian National Congress (INC) 82 36.51% 21.01%
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) 62 40.27% 16.37%
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 46 33.56% 14.02%

Shiv Sena (SHS) 45 29.90% 16.26%
Republican Left Democratic Front (RIDALOS) 14
Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) 13 11.88% 5.71%
Samajwadi Party (SP) 3 7.71% 0.74%
Peasants and Workers Party of India (PWPI) 4 16.97% 1.11%
Bahujan Vikas Aghadi (BVA) 2 34.53% 0.46%
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) 1 9.08% 0.60%
Others 30 15.59% 15.50%
TOTAL SEATS 288
2019 LS election
Seats contested Seats won Seat change
Political Party
Bharatiya Janata Party 25 23 0
Shiv Sena 23 18 0
Nationalist Congress
19 4 0
Party
Indian National
25 1 1
Congress
Swabhimani Paksha 2 0 2
Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi 1 0 1
All India Majlis-e-
1 1
Ittehadul Muslimeen
Independent 1 1 TBA
Total 48

Page 62
Voting 48 seats in 4 phase s; 11 April (7 seats), 18 April (10

% seats), 23 April (14 seats) and 29 April 2019 (17 seats)
Nandurbar 68.33 Dr Heena Gavit BJP
Dhule 56.68 Subhash Ramrao Bhamre BJP

Jalgaon 56.11 Unmesh Bhaiyyasaheb Patil BJP
Raver 61.40 Raksha Khadase BJP
Buldhana 63.53 Jadhav Prat aprao Ganpatrao Shiv Sena
Akola 59.98 Dhot re Sanjay Shamrao BJP
Amravati 60.36 Navnit Ravi Rana Independent
Wardha 61.20 Ramdas Chandrabhanji Tadas BJP
Ramtek 62.12 Krupal Balaji Tumane Shiv Sena
Nagpur 54.74 Nitin Gadkari BJP
Bhandara-
68.27 Sunil Baburao Mendhe BJP
Gondiya
Gadchiroli-
71.98 Ashok Mahadeorao Net e BJP
Chimur
Chandrapur 64.65 Balabhau Dhanorkar Congress
Yavatmal-
61.09 Bhavana Pundlikrao Gawali Shiv Sena
Washim
Hingoli 66.50 Hemant Patil Shiv Sena
Nanded 65.16 Prataprao Patil Chikhalikar BJP
Parbhani 63.09 Jadhav Sanjay Haribhau Shiv Sena
Jalna 64.55 Danve Raosaheb Dadarao BJP
Aurangabad 63.41 Imtiaz Jaleel Syed AIMIM
Dindori 65.64 Bharati Pravin Pawar BJP
Nashik 59.43 Godse Hemant Tukaram Shiv Sena
Palghar 63.72 Rajendra Dhedya Gavit Shiv Sena
Bhiwandi 53.07 Kapil Moreshwar Patil BJP
Kalyan 45.28 Shrikant Eknath Shinde Shiv Sena
Thane 49.27 Rajan Baburao Vichare Shiv Sena
Mumbai North 60.00 Gopal Shetty BJP
Mumbai North
54.26 Gajanan Kirtikar Shiv Sena
West
Mumbai North
57.15 Manoj Kotak BJP
East
Mumbai North
53.67 Poonam Mahajan BJP
Cent ral

Page 63
Mumbai South
55.23 Rahul Ramesh Shewale Shiv Sena
Cent ral
Mumbai South 51.46 Arvind Sawant Shiv Sena
Raigad 61.77 Sunil Dattatray Tatkare NCP
Maval 59.45 Shrirang Appa Barne Shiv Sena
Pune 49.84 Girish Bapat BJP
Baramati 61.53 Supriya Sul e NCP
Shirur 59.38 Amol Ramsingh Kolhe NCP
Ahmednagar 64.26 Sujay Radhakris hna Vikhepatil BJP
Shirdi 64.54 Sadashiv Kisan Lok hande Shiv Sena
Beed 66.06 Pritam Gopinathrao Munde BJP
Osmanabad 63.42 Omprakash Bhupalsinh Alias Pawan Rajenimbalkar Shiv Sena
Latur 62.14 Sudhakar Tukaram Shrangare BJP
Solapur 58.47 Jai Sidheshwar Shivac hary Mahas wamiji BJP
Madha 63.57 Ranjeetsinha Hindurao Naik - Nimbalkar BJP
Sangli 65.41 Sanjaykaka Patil BJP
Satara 60.33 Uday anraje Bhonsle NCP
Ratnagiri-
61.69 Vinayak Raut Shiv Sena
Sindhudurg
Kolhapur 70.70 Sanjay Sadashivrao Mandlik Shiv Sena
Hatkanangle 70.28 Dhairyasheel Sambhajirao Mane Shiv Sena

Page 64
General Election 2019 2014 :44 / 19.52

2019: 52/19.56
 11 april to 19 may 2019
 7 phases 2014 UPA: 60/23%
 :3 2019: 92
7
17 ण
 :


2016 :
 : 10
2019
 272/ 545 seats: majority
 542/ 545 seats: 2019 
 : DMK
11
 :
:
4 ण
1.
2.
3.
4.
 : 67. 11% (
0.7%)
 ?:7
 ?36
:
इ : 97
(seats/%vote)
2014 : 282/ 31.34%
2019: 303/37.38
2014 NDA: 336/38.5%

2019: 353/45%

Page 65
गण : ग:
1. 12 50
4
2. 2018: funding 31.2 1. NDA
% 2. UPA
3. LEFT
3. 47 50% funding
4.
Some Random Facts:

1. 2019
437 421
2.
80 76
Congress
1993
5. Highest Voters margin:C R
Patil (Navsari) GJ 6.89 lakh
6. Record: Preetam Munde
2014 Bypoll: 6.96 lakh (Broke

Page 66
record of CPI-M Anil Basu till 3. Female:66.68%

2004) 4. Gender Gap:
7. Odisha: 33% women MPs/7 out of
21
8. BJD: 33% seats to women
9. Lowest Margin: 181 votes:
BP Saroj BJP Macchlishahr (UP)
Lowest till Date:

1. K Ramkrishna INC: 1989
2. Som Marandi BJP: 1998
Both won by 9 votes
10. Lokniti Survey:
Hindu Votes
2014 2019
BJP: 36% 44%
BJP Allies: 7% BJP Allies: 8%
Mniority Votes: Declined to NDA
2019:
1. 900 million voters
2. 84.3 million
3.
4. 18-19
years age: 15 million
5. :38325
6. Overseas voter: 71735

7. VVPAT UNITS: 1.74
MILLION
8. EVMs: 3.96 Million
9. Polling Stations: 1, 035,918
9 April 2019:
 Supreme Court: 5 EVMs per
constituency for VVPAT
PERCENTAGE VOTE:
67.11(2019)/66.54(2014)/58.1
9(2009)
Lowest: 5th phase
Highest: 1st phase
1.
2. Male : 66.79%

Page 67
Highest vote% state: :

1. Lakshadweep 84.9
2. Tripura 83.2 1. 2014: 1984
3. Nagaland 83
4. Manipur 82.7
2. 2019: BJP
5. Assam 81.5
6. Pudduchery 81.2 3. :
7. Anadhra 79.8
Maharashtra: 60.79
4. 2019:
9%
Exit Polls 2
 Result banned from 11 april to 19
may
5. 2019: 2014
 Banned astrologers and parrot
card readers ( :
 Most accurate poll: )
India Today-Axis
Exit 352 ± 93 ± 82 ±
:
poll 13 15 13
(Most Accurate)
ग :
1. Gopal Shetty (4.6 lack): North
Exit News24-Today's 350 ± 95 ± 97 ± Mumbai
poll Chanakya 14 9 11 1. : 4 11
Exit News18-IPSOS
336 82 124
poll CNN-I BN-IPSOS
Seats increase and decrease:

 : +21
 +14
 AIADMK: - 36
 :0
 NDA: 16
 :+8
 DMK: +23
 NCP: -1
 UPA: +31
 AITMC: -15
 YSR: +13
 BSP: +10
 TDP: +13

Page 68
⚡ 48 ▪ ,( ):
8 .
Total Contestting: 867 .
Women Contesting: 80
Won: 8 .
Deafeated: urmila martodnkar (North ▪ ण ,( ):
Mumbai) / Kanchan Kul/ Priya Datt
(Mumbai North Central)
. 1st time
▪ ,( ):
▪ ग ,( ): -
. 3rd time
▪ ,( ): - . 5th time
▪ ,( ):
. .
▪ . ,( ): . .
7
.
3, 1, 1
▪ . ग ,( ):
.
ऍ . ग
95 . ●17 (2019-2024) – 78
:

Page 69

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Adhyayan IAS Academy: Polity Paper 2: Part 2

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

3.Farmers Group: Weakest PG in india REVOLUTIONARY PEASANTS CONVENTION

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

NSCN: 1980  1980

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

All Assam Students Union(AASU) A Nationalist students organisation of Assam

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 7th May 2019

INDIAN COURTS: EVMs National Pride

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Evolution:  2004: 543

 1977: ECIL EVM :

VOTER VERIFIABLE PAPER AUDIT

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Political Party Vs Pressure

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Party type 2014 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

1. Bharatiya Janata Party BJP 1980

2. Indian National Congress INC 1885

3. Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI-M 1964

4. Communist Party of India CPI 1925

5. Bahujan Samaj Party (2001) BSP 1984

6. Nationalist Congress Party NCP 1999

All India Trinamool Congress (2 September 2016)

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Benefits of Being National/ State Party:

1. : reserved vs free symbols

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Evolution of Indian Political :

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

1998: NDA National Herald:

5  The Associated Journals Ltd

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

All india mahila Congress:1983 

 2004 145 / 543 31 26.7%

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

:  Son soil movements

  Ethnic and religiocultural identity

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

 MUSLIM LEGUAE 1948

 First and only non congress party in 

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

1998: people Democratic party

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

Random Personalities from

MPSC 2019-20 Integrated Batch: Starts from 4 June 2019

2019 (GS/CSAT) BATCH 2019:

2019 (GS/CSAT) BATCH 2019:

*73RD 74TH ARTICLES**