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INTRODUCTION
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connections then separate files were maintained. Updating of data was
very tedious job. It was not easy to do several administrative works like
managing rates of properties , addition or modification of property details
& customer entries.
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CHAPTER-2
PROBLEM ANALYSIS
2.1 Study of the proposed system:
The organization would be headed by the proprietor, who
responsible for authorization functions and for the approval of the
purchase requisition and disbursing functions.
The manager’s functions would be the one in-charge in depositing
the cash received from sales to the bank, receiving inventories, and
preparing some necessary documents.
The accountant is in-charge of journalizing and posting of
transactions. Also, he is responsible in preparing the financial statements of
the company.
This software helps you to track all the profits, loss, profitable
clients and products of accounting software moreover it’s a accounting
software. Flexible and adaptive software suited to accounting system.
This System will store the information of accounts in the system. It
will also store the information about stock details. This system provides
security by granting access rights for changing the sensitive data to
administrator only. Customized search options are also available in this
system. This system can generate all kinds of reports as per the user’s
requirements.
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User has complete control as it provides and accept only appropriate
and valid data.
User-friendly error messages are provided wherever necessary.
Addition, deletion, modification of records as when needed.
Providing connections to new customers.
Bill generation for customers.
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2.1.2 Solution strategies:
The main solution of the problem is to provide suitable &
user friendly environment to a user so that the user can maintain the
detail of customer in a very easy manner.
The configuration given below is the Hardware handled for the system
development.
Processor : PENTIUM III or Above
Primary Memory (RAM) : 64 MB or Above
Secondary Memory (Hard disk) : 20 GB or Above
Monitor : COLOR, 10 inch or above
Display card : SVGA
Mouse : Any Company
Cabinet : Any Company
Software Requirement
Operating System : Windows 98 or above
Front End tool : Visual Basic 6.0
Back End tool : MS-Access
As the Shop is presently has its situated in One place, STAND ALONE system is
proposed with WINDOWS 98 operating system.
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Front End tool
Visual Basic 6.0
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SOME TOOLS OF VISUAL BASIC 6.0
Data access features allow creating databases, front-end applications and
scalable server side components for most popular databases formats
including Microsoft SQL server and other enterprise level databases.
Active X technology allows using functionality provided by other
applications such as Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and other applications
and objects could be created using the Professional Enterprise editions of
Visual Basic.
Internet capabilities make it easy to provide access to documents and
applications across the Internet or Intranet server applications.
The finished applications are a true .exe files that uses a Visual Basic virtual
machine that can be freely distributed.
Toolbox: The Tool Box window differs from the tool bar. The Tool Box is a
collection of tool that acts as a repository of controls we can place on forms.
Some tools are Selection Pointer, Picture Box, Label, Text Box, Frame Button,
Command Botany, Check Box, Option Button etc.
Form: Visual Basic uses a window; controls are the widgets one place of a form.
In a form we will customize by adding controls such as command buttons, list
boxes to it. At the top of the black form is the little bar with its caption.
Common Form properties:
There are several common properties to customize a form, these are: -
Caption: Caption is used as a title that the Microsoft Window for the application
icon when the user minimizes the application.
Name: This property is used to give the name that one want to use to refer to the
form.
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Enabled: If user sets Enabled to false, the form cannot respond to any events
such as the user checking on the form.
Icon: The icon property determines the icon users application will display when it
is minimized on tool bar or turned into a stand-alone application on windows
desktop.
Visible: If the value of the property is set to false, it will no longer be visible.
Text Boxes:
It is used to display text or to accept user input. Most of the code is written to
process the information users enter into them. Several properties of text boxes
are as follows: -
Text: The text property in text box is the analog of the caption property for a
command button or a form; it controls text the users see. It determines whether
text on the control such as label or command button, is left justified, centered, or
right justified on the control. The Alignment property take one of the three
values: 0-Left justify, 1-Right justify, 2-Center.
Multiline: This property determines whether a text box can accept more than one
line of text when the user runs the application, and it is usually combine with
resulting the value of the scrollbar property. If true the property specifies the text
box can hold more than a line of text.
Max Length: This property specifies the maximum number of characters that the
text box will accept. A value of 0 indicates that the user can enter a value of any
length.
Locked: This property determines whether the user can enter a value or change
the default value of the text box. If true, the user cannot change the text box
value until the program, at run time assigns a false to this property.
Password char: The Password property lets us limit what the text box displays.
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Labels: Use Labels to display information programmer does not want the user to
be able to change. Most common use for Labels is to identify a text box or other
control by describing its contents. Another common use is to display help
information.
Message Boxes:
Message boxes display information in the dialog box superimposed on the
form. They want for the user to choose a button before return to the
application. User cannot switch to another form in programmers applications
as long as Visual Basic is displaying a message box.
Option Buttons:
They all work together. When the user chooses one button, all other buttons in
the group are turned off. The value property of the option button tells us whether
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a button was selected by the user. If the value property is true, the user selected
that button; otherwise, its value property is false.
Check Boxes:
Check Boxes differ from option button in that, regardless of how many Check
Boxes one places on a form, they can all be turned on and off independently. If
the user has selected Check Boxes, the value property switches to true. It stays
true until the user deselects that box.
List and Combo boxes:
Use list boxes when we have a fixed list of choices. Visual Basic automatically adds
vertical scroll bars when the list box is small for all items it contains.
To allow users to input data as well as choices from a list, we use a Combo Box.
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How Windows Works
WINDOWS, EVENTS AND MESSAGES
Windows involves three key concepts: windows, events and messages.
Think of a window as a rectangular region with its own boundaries. For example,
Explorer window in Windows, a Document window within word processing
program, or a dialog box that pops up to remind you of an appointment. A
command button is also a window. Icons, text boxes, option buttons and menu
are all windows.
The Microsoft Windows operating system manages all of these many windows by
assigning each one a unique id number (window handle or hewn). The system
continually monitors each of these windows for signs of activity or events. Events
can occur through user actions such as a mouse click or a key press, through
programmatic control, or even as a result of another window’s actions.
Each time an event occurs, it causes a message to be sent to the operating
system. The system processes the message and broadcasts it to the other
windows. Each window can then take the appropriate action based on its own
instructions for dealing with that particular message (for example, repainting
itself when it has been uncovered by another window).
Dealing with all of the possible combinations of windows, events and messages
could be very difficult. Many of the messages are handled automatically by Visual
Basic; others are exposed as event procedures for our convenience. This allows us
to quickly create powerful applications without having to deal with unnecessary
details.
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events determines the sequence in which the code executes, thus the path
through the application’s code differs each time the program runs.
Because we can’t predict the sequence of events, our code must make certain
assumptions about the “state of the world” when it executes. When we make
assumptions (for example, that an entry field must contain a value before running
a procedure to process that value), we should structure our application in such a
way as to make sure that the assumption will always be valid (for example,
disabling the command button that starts the procedure until the entry field
contains a value).
Our code can also trigger events during execution. For example,
programmatically changing the text in a text box cause the text box’s Change
event to execute. If you assumed that this event would only be triggered by user
information, you might see unexpected results. That’s why it is very important to
understand the event-driven model and keep it in mind when we design the
application.
INTERACTIVE DEVELOPMENT
The traditional application development process can be broken into three distinct
steps: code writing, compiling the code, and testing code. Unlike traditional
languages, Visual Basic uses an interactive approach to development, blurring the
distinction between the three steps.
With most languages, if we make a mistake in writing the code, the compiler
catches the error when we start to compile the application. We must then find
and fix the error and begin the compile cycle again, repeating the process for each
error found. Visual Basic interprets the code as we enter it, catching and
highlighting most syntax or spelling errors on the fly. It’s almost like having an
expert watching over our shoulder as we write the code.
In addition to catching errors on the fl, Visual Basic also partially compiles the
code as it is entered. When the code is ready to run and test the application,
there is only a brief delay to finish compiling. If the compiler finds an error, it is
highlighted in the code. We can fix the error and continue compiling without
having to start over.
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Because of the interactive nature of Visual Basic, we can’t test the effects of the
code as we work rather than waiting to compile later.
Visual Basic provides us a lot of User Interface elements, which are easier to
create and use. For example Forms, Menus, dialog boxes and supporting controls
such as Check Box, List Box, Edit Box, Etc.
Visual Basic supports a lot for data base connectivity; we can use ODBC to
connect with different databases like Oracle, Sybase, Etc.
On a program of software that can help us to access data and perform operations
it is called a “Data Base Management System”. The DBMS whose design is based
on the Relational Theory is called “The Relational Database Management System”
or RDBMS.
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MS-Access provides access to many concurrent users to the order of thousands
managing large amount of data could present administrative and performance
challenges.
MS-Access is the default backend for Visual Basic. Creating tables and making
data entries in MS-Access are made easier. It has the advantage of querying. It is
more faster in retrieving data. The data can also be external to the database. It
has enriched data types.
MICROSOFT ACCESS
Database: -A database is a set of data, organized for easy access. The database is
the actual data. It is the database that you will be accessing when you need to
retrieve data.
Data Dictionary: -The data dictionary is a set of tables Access uses to maintain
information about the database. The data dictionary contains information about
tables, indexes, clusters, and so on.
DBA (Database Administrator): -The DBA is the person responsible for the
operation, configuration, and performance of the database. The DBA is charged
with keeping the database operating smoothly, ensuring that backups are done
on a regular basis (and that the backups work), and installing new software. Other
responsibilities might include planning for future expansion and disk space needs,
creating databases and tablespaces, adding users and maintaining security, and
monitoring the database and retuning it as necessary. Large installations might
have teams of DBAs to keep the system running smoothly; alternatively, the tasks
might be segmented among the DBAs.
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This means that the internal workings access data in a relational manner. Access is
an RDBMS.
Microsoft Access is a very effective DBMS tool which is generally used by all the
users. It is compatible with all types of systems & can be installed and used as and
when required.
Project estimation and scheduling were carried out together by the project leader
as Per the norms of the company. Some cost estimation was done at the early
stage before the schedules were drawn up. Once the project was underway,
estimates were updated. The factors involved in computing the total cost of a
software project were
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CHAPTER-3
DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
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First level Data Flow Diagram:
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3.1.2 E-R Diagram:
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3.2 Design Process:
Login Table:
Purchase Table:
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Sales Table:
Company Table:-
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Stock Table:-
Profit\Loss Table:-
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Balancesheet Table:-
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3.2.2INPUT DESIGN
Errors committed by data entry operator can be controlled by the input
design. The following approaches have been incorporated into the input
design of the proposed system.
MENU
A menu is a selection list that simplifies the data entry the user can
choose from a list of option, by typing the option letter associated with
option in position where the cursor is located.
This project has both Graphical Menu and also Pull down Menu
Graphical Menu is designed in such a way that, if the user moves the
mouse cursor above the main option – sub options displayed
automatically.
FORMATTED SCREEN
Data entry screens have been designed which are similar in formatting
source documents. Help screens have been designed the user to enter
data without confusion.
DATA VALIDATION
The input data are validated to minimize errors validation is done. In
certain cases validation is made to check whether the given data is
numeric or not.
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USER FRIENDLINESS
Appropriate messages are provided to the user to inform of what is
happening. Errors are used to indicate the error code and specific error
message.
CONSISTENT FORMAT
A fixed format is adopted for displaying the title and the messages. Each
screen has a status line, which displays the operation that can be
performed after data entry.
INTERACTIVE DIALOGUE
The system participates in interactive dialogue and is able to cope with
missing or omitted information. It covers the dialogue by retaining
adequate information between each dialogue.
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CHAPTER-4
TESTING & IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 SYSTEM TESTING:
Software testing is a crucial element of software quality assurance and
represents the ultimate review of specification, design and coding. The increasing
visibility of software as a system element and the attendant "cost" associated
with a software failure are motivating forces for well-planned, thorough testing.
Testing is a set of activities that can be planned in advance and conducted
systematically. Testing begins at the module level and work towards the
integration of entire computers based system. Nothing is complete without
testing, as it is vital success of the system.
Unit Testing
Unit testing focuses on the verification of smallest unit of software design
of the module. To check whether each module in the software works properly so
that it gives desired outputs to the given inputs. All validations and conditions are
tested in the module level in unit test. Control paths are tested to ensure the
information properly flows into and out of the program unit under test. Boundary
condition are tested to ensure that the modules operates at boundary establishes
to restrict processing. All independent paths through control structure are
exercised to ensure that all statements in a module have been executed at least
once. And finally all errors handling paths are tested.
In our system, Unit testing has been successfully handled. The test data was
given to each module in all respects and have got desired output. Each module
has been found working properly.
Implementation is the phase where the system goes for actual functioning.
Hence in this phase one has to be cautious because all the efforts undertaken
during the project will be fruitful only if the software is properly implemented
according to the plans made.
The implementation phase is less creative than system design. It is primarily
concerned with user training, site preparation and file conversion. Depending
on the nature of the system, extensive user training may be required. The
initial parameters of the MIS should be modified as the result of programming
efforts; programming provides a reality test for the assumptions made by the
analyst.
The system testing checks the readiness and accuracy of the system to access,
update and retrieve data from new files. Once the programs become available,
the test data are read into the computer and process.
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4.3 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE:
Corrective Maintenance
The first maintenance activity occurs since it is unreasonable to assume
that software testing will uncover all errors in a large software system. The
process of including the diagnosis and correction of one or more errors is called
corrective maintenance.
Adaptive Maintenance
This activity that contributes to the definition of maintenance occurs since
rapid change is encountered in every aspect of computing. Therefore, adaptive
maintenance modifies software to properly interface with the changing
environment.
Perfective Maintenance
This activity involves recommendations for new capabilities, modifications
to the existing functions and general enhancements when the software is used.
To satisfy these requests, perfective maintenance is performed.
Preventive Maintenance
This activity occurs when software is changed to improve further
maintainability or reliability. If the only available element of a Software
Configuration is the source code, maintenance activity begins with the evaluation
of the code, often complicated by poor internal documentation. The subtle
characteristics such as program structure, global data structure, system interfaces
and performance & design constraints are difficult to handle and are often
misinterpreted. The amounts of changes that are made to the code are difficult to
access.
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CHAPTER – 5
SCREENSHOT
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CHAPTER – 6
CODING
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Private Sub Timer1_Timer()
Label1.Caption = "Loading....."
ctr = 0
If ctr2 <= 100 Then
Randomize
r = Int((200 - 100 + 1) * Rnd + 100)
ctr = r / 122
ctr = Round(ctr, 0)
ctr = ctr2 + ctr
ctr3 = Str(ctr)
If ctr >= 100 Then
Label2.Caption = "100%"
Shape2.Width = 12795
MDIForm1.Show
Unload Me
Else
Shape2.Width = Shape2.Width + r
Label2.Caption = (ctr3) + "%"
ctr2 = Int(ctr3)
End If
End If
End Sub
MDI Form Coding:
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Add Company Form Coding:
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Private Sub Form_Load()
Adodc1.Recordset.AddNew
End Sub
List of Company Form Coding:
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If confirmation = vbYes Then
Adodc.Recordset.Delete
MsgBox "Record has been deleted successfully", vbInformation, "Message"
Else
MsgBox "record not Deleted !!!", vbInformation, "Message"
End If
Exit Sub
errmsg:
MsgBox "Cannot delete this row or select row to delete"
End Sub
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End Sub
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Private Sub Command3_Click()
On Error GoTo errmsg
confirmation = MsgBox("Do you want to delete this record", vbYesNo + vbCritical,
"Delete Record Confirmation")
If confirmation = vbYes Then
Adodc1.Recordset.Delete
MsgBox "Record has been deleted successfully", vbInformation, "Message"
Else
MsgBox "record not Deleted !!!", vbInformation, "Message"
End If
Exit Sub
errmsg:
MsgBox "Cannot delete this row or select row to delete"
End Sub
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Private Sub Command7_Click()
Adodc1.RecordSource = "select *from purchase where PurchaseID='" +
Text31.Text + "'"
Adodc1.Refresh
If Adodc1.Recordset.EOF Then
MsgBox "Record not found", vbCritical, "Message"
Else
Adodc1.Caption = Adodc1.RecordSource
End If
End Sub
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Private Sub Command10_Click()
Adodc2.RecordSource = "select *from stock where StockNumber='" + Text15.Text
+ "'"
Adodc2.Refresh
If Adodc2.Recordset.EOF Then
MsgBox "Record not found", vbCritical, "Message"
Else
Adodc2.Caption = Adodc1.RecordSource
End If
End Sub
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End Sub
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MDIForm1.Show
Unload Me
End Sub
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Private Sub Command9_Click()
Text42.Text = Val(Text35.Text) + Val(Text36.Text) + Val(Text37.Text) +
Val(Text38.Text) + Val(Text39.Text) + Val(Text40.Text) + Val(Text41.Text)
End Sub
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Adodc1.Recordset.Update
MsgBox "Successfully saved"
Exit Sub
errmsg:
MsgBox "Error in saving"
End Sub
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Private Sub Command13_Click()
Text60.Text = Val(Text53.Text) * Val(Text46.Text)
End Sub
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Private Sub Command19_Click()
Form6.Show
End Sub
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End Sub
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On Error GoTo errmsg
Adodc1.Recordset.AddNew
Exit Sub
errmsg:
MsgBox "Error in Adding"
End Sub
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Private Sub Command17_Click()
Text71.Text = Val(Text73.Text) - Val(Text72.Text)
End Sub
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Private Sub Command23_Click()
date1 = Format(DTPicker1.Value, "dd-mm-yyyy")
date2 = Format(DTPicker2.Value, "dd-mm-yyyy")
If date2 < date1 Then
MsgBox "Please Select the correct date:End date cannot be lesser than Start
Date", vbCritical, "Warning Message"
Else
Adodc1.RecordSource = "select *from balance where Year between # " & date1 &
" # and # " & date2 & " #"
Adodc1.Refresh
If Adodc1.Recordset.EOF Then
MsgBox "Record not found,Please Enter Correct Date", vbCritical, "Warning
Message"
Else
Adodc1.Caption = Adodc1.RecordSource
End If
End If
End Sub
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End Sub
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MsgBox "Record not found", vbCritical, "Message"
Else
Adodc2.Caption = Adodc2.RecordSource
End If
End Sub
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End Sub
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Text16.Text = ""
Text17.Text = ""
End Sub
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CHAPTER – 7
CONCLUSIONS
Our project is only a humble venture to satisfy the needs to manage their
project work. Several user friendly coding have also adopted. This package shall
prove to be a powerful package in satisfying all the requirements of the school.
The objective of software planning is to provide a frame work that enables the
manger to make reasonable estimates made within a limited time frame at the
beginning of the software project and should be updated regularly as the project
progresses.
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SCOPE FOR FUTHER ENHANCEMENT:
In a nutshell, it can be summarized that the future scope of the project circles
around maintaining information regarding:
The above mentioned points are the enhancements which can be done to
increase the applicability and usage of this project. Here we can maintain the
records of Accounts. Also, as it can be seen that now-a-days the players are
versatile, i.e. so there is a scope for introducing a method to maintain the
Accounting System. Enhancements can be done to maintain all the Accounts,
Stocks, Company, Inventory.
We have left all the options open so that if there is any other future requirement
in the system by the user for the enhancement of the system then it is possible to
implement them.In the last we would like to thanks all the persons involved in the
development of the system directly or indirectly. We hope that the project will
serve its purpose for which it is develop there by underlining success of process.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY:
The following books were referred during the analysis and execution phase of the
project.
MSDN 2002
-By Microsoft.
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