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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies and studies that

give support to the problem under investigation. The related literature patches the issues,

opinions, topics, observation and publications of writers while related studies deal with

actual studies in the field that have bearings with the present study.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

The origin of social networking sites can be related to social gathering which

started even before the internet was invented. It was derive from the life of people and

relationship among different age groups, society and people sharing interest. Today,

social networking has improved in such a way that people do not need to travel miles to

gather or network with others. The internet technologies have made it very easy for

people to meet, share ideas, make friends and relate with one another. Some people says

that social networking is a good influence while others it is said to be a bad influence but

we all know that everything comes with advantages and shortcomings in life.

According to Valerie Tandoy, “the social networking sites had become a major

part of many people In the society. “they woke up every morning to check their social

accounts first if what are the latest news about the lives of other rather than picking up a

newspaper to get an update if what are the reports happening in the country.

While from NCBI, they state that “social networking sites such as Facebook,

Twitter and an Instagram provide individuals with a way of maintaining and

strengthening their social sites, which can be a beneficial in a both social and academic

settings.” In some way, the student’s maturity on social interactions is being developed
because of the use of social networking sites. But, this same sites, however, also pause a

danger to students privacy, safety and professional reputation. Schools, most especially

the professors should take appropriate steps to educate students about this matter. They

should monitor the students usage and attitudes toward online social networking sites so

that in the future, in will not harm them.

In addition, Ben Poltarak said that “The growth of social networking sites within

the online space is certainly not a surprise to everybody because most of the citizens are

users of social media. What is important is how this social sites may have a benefit to the

maturity and behavior of individuals.”

According to Bates, “Some social networking sites now are often perceived as

closed environment, where members talk to other members. This sites influence the

maturity level, help, and affection of others. There were some effects of this sites where

users are unaware of. This include: health risks, job opportunities, in legal issues.”

Also, Valkenburg et al. added that “Social networking sites users become very

anxious about their appearance on how others will perceive them in their look. A lot of

the public judgement that occur can affect every user’s self-esteem. It is affected in

different areas consisting of their physical appearance, romantic attractiveness and the

ability to form and maintain close friendships because of social networking sites, user’s

self-esteem and social awareness are likely to be more affected.”

Laird states that, “A mature individual has different well defined attitude. Some

are being tolerant, accepts responsibility, calm and exerts extra effort, does not show off,

understanding, tackles unpleasant tasks without self-pity, make-up his mind determinedly
and runs his own life”. Being a mature individual, you can sway to the beat of the world

without being affected in what people will say.

According to Roseburg, “Social networking sites are helpful tool use by people all

around the world. Its purpose is to promote and communication with each other.

However, this might be giving more harm than good because it is not only changing how

we communicate, but how we interact also with each other in daily life.”

Stephanie Marche alleged in her writing that “Social media has made us more

solidly networked than ever. Yet for all this close attachment, several of the researchers

believe that some users are lonely when no one remembers them even in social sites in

his loneliness in making them physically and mentally ill.”

“Social networks are made to entertain and interact with the other people even if

they are miles away, to keeps us up to date with what’s going on around the world and so

on. There are many various styles use by the social to accommodate their visitors. Some

part of creating their own world through the web is by decorating them with vivid

colours, wallpapers, characters, free games and even music and videos which are very

eye-catching to the individuals particularly to the students.”

Synthesis

The following foreign literature has direct bearings to the presents study for they

present concepts about Social Networking Sites. Maturity is also presented on those

articles. Social Networking Sites are continuously emerging. These articles are helpful

enough in the present study to understand the effect of Social Sites to every individual.
Local Literature

The definition of social media is “The relationships that exist between Network of

People.” Nowadays, teenagers are most likely exchanging ideas, feelings, personal

information, pictures and videos through the use of Social Medias. This enhances the

connections of the people who are far away with each other. However, some studies

found that the usage of social media may affect the social life of the teenagers by lacking

time to meet their friends or relatives in person.

Marquez said in his writing that “Social Medias has revolutionized the way we

interact with other people by making it easy for us to connect and share things we like

and to read about and know our friends.” It has made complex human interaction simpler;

it made things that were already there easier. It has simplified how we live our lives. But

sometimes, simplicity can be dangerous. If we live an over-simplified life, we tend to

overlook how hard life really is. It is like putting a tiger that is used to the troubles of the

forest in a zoo where everything is provided for it.

Based on the affirmation of Laderer, he states that “Social Networking Sites (SNS) have

greatly impacted the lives of students nowadays. Student, have recognized the usefulness

of SNS via increased Interactions with peers, academic exposure via learning online and

liaison with potential employers and professionals.” With the rapid stage of the changing

generation, the youth is now more demanding in acquiring technologies that will suit to

their needs and wants, especially when it is applied to their studies.

Dr. Eric Tayag, director of the National Epedemiology Center (NEC) told a group

reporter that “Online social networking sites are creating new opportunities, particularly
for men having sex with, Men having Sex with Men can meet without fear of negative

social consequences.”

According to Raul Pertierra,” humours, scandal and gossips have been the

favourite responses of the teenagers today. Facebook, My Space, twitter, texting and

YouTube are some of the possible channels which can invade personal information on

other”

In addition, Yao said that there are different problems encountered in using social

networking sites. She cited some ten of it and these are” Life envy, Friends are reduced to

likes false information can spread like wildfire. People are less sensitive, over sharing

your life is on hold as you go online, nowhere, to hide Stalking becomes easy, Its harder

to diet and you feel lonely.” Ever individual should have a good sense of humour and

remember the purpose of social media. It’s meant to make your life and relationships

richer, not the other way around.

To make the social networking activity be organize and used in a good manner.

Wilson Lee Flores posed an article in the Philippine Star which is the 15 commandments

in Social Media that reflects the maturity of the users. “These are (1) Thou shall not use

social media in class and work. (2) Thou shall refrain from adding too many non-

acquaintances as “friends.” (3) Thou shall not use social media in church. (4) Thou shall

not use social media at family dinner or meeting with friends. (5) Lighten up. (6) Thou

shall not be distracted by social media. (7) Limit time. (8) Thou shall not post if in an

irrational or emotional state. (9) Thou shall not spam. (10) Thou shall assess and limit

social networking network. (11) Thou shall not be lifeless. (12) Thou shall refrain from

selling. (13) Thy favourite book shouldn’t be Facebook. (14) Thou shall focus on quality,
not quantity, of social media. ” This should be followed by every individual who are

using social networking sites so that they may be a good netizen.

Mei Yu Sim state that “THE DIGITAL age has certainly revolutionized

communication, bringing with it a new wave of conflicting social value. We have totally

embraced gadgets, such as cell phones, computers, digital cameras, etc. Despite the brief

history of these gadgets, many of today’s youth cannot even remember a time when they

did not have them and believe that they cannot live without it. With the advent of social

websites, we have been confident to broadcast ourselves.

SYNTHESIS

Social Networking is now a part of the culture of every Filipinos. Students are

also absorbed by this culture of social media. The different literatures presented here

demonstrate the values and maturity of every human being. They have a direct bearing on

the present study being conducted

FOREIGN STUDIES

The users of social media build online profile and share information, including

personal information, photographs and connect with other users, whether it is to

communicate with old friends. Nowadays, social media such as facebook, twitter,

tumbler, Instagram and others are attracting millions of people around the world,

especially the students to have accounts. SNS had been the source of pleasures for many

students. Some play with the games or application available in social networking sites for

the entertainment purposes. Some uses SNS to connect with their love ones, relatives and
friends, some also use it to meet new circle of friends with the same interest and some are

having it just to be in trend. This social networking activity is now a part of daily living

of every individual which is for their leisure and entertainment intension.

Based on the study of Flores, “Social networking sites have become an important

part of our lives. This site helps folks rediscover long lost friend, make new friends, and

easily find even professionals or business contacts.

In the research of Sponcil, “they stated that social networking website have

created a phenomenon over the past decade. Facebook and Twitter have emerged as the

most popular websites and have continued to grow in popularity. These websites create

new ways of communication with friends and family and also influence individual’s self-

concept. Social Networking also offer new and innovative ways to communicate with

other individuals in quick manner. In addition, individuals are using social media

websites at increasing rates and visiting them quite frequently.”

According to Valenzuela Et. Al, “The purpose of his study was to explore if

young adults ’use of social networking sites was related to their stock of social capital, a

concept that includes intrapersonal, interpersonal and behavioural elements. These sites

may help the young adults discover their hidden attitudes and behaviour.”

While from Cris Crosby, he stated, “the negative effects of being this plugged in its

beginning to take enormous effects on kids. As technology arises, youth now are showing

severe lack of social skills. Social interaction comes extremely online rather than face to

face. They don’t learn the proper communication and conversation skills, how to deal
with interpersonal situations and how to date and get to know other people behind the

screen which is not to be practice by the kids.”

SYNTHESIS

Social networking sites have greatly influenced the life of every human. Some

maybe are advantage while some are disadvantages that cause immature thinking.

Therefore, this foreign study will attempt to discuss the effect of using networking sites

to the life of students.

LOCAL STUDIES

“Social networking is one of the most active web-based activities in the

Philippines nowadays. Filipinos are declared as the most active users of social

networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, etc.” Using social networking sites, became part

of daily activities and cyber culture of Filipinos.

According to the article “What Facebook and Twitter means for News”, teens

receive digital news from social media rather than turning on news channel or reading

newspapers. Seventy percent (70%) of teens receive most news stories they read or watch

via Facebook or Twitter. This activity of the teenagers state that teens nowadays are

relying more news in social media which can help them to be more well-informed about

the national and local news and also information about the condition of their relatives and

friends.
Also, Alexa Priela – Abrenica added that ‘’internet addiction can also have effects

on the relationship with peers and the family. Being too engrossed in video games and

not wanting to leave it even for food, how much more stopping to relate with peers and

family. Relationships can be strained and healthy interactions with peers can be limited.

Academic are also likely to suffer because students who are addicted to internet whether

gaming, watching porn videos, social networking news lose interest in academic work

resulting in absences nor cutting classes and academic failures.’’

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