Angles H

SERIES

Angles

Curriculum Ready
ACMMG: 163, 164

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ISBN 978-1-921861-26-0 

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 Angles measure the amount of turn in degrees between two lines that meet at a point.

Many games are based on interpreting and using angles such as pool, snooker and billiards.

Black ball
?c
White ball
?c

Write down some other sports/games that you can think of that require an understanding of angles:

is a go!
Give th

Q While performing a circular ballet move, Janet turned the first half easily and then with some
extra effort, made it 5 of the remaining way around. How many degrees was Janet away from
6
completing the full circle?
Hint: half a circle is 180 degrees.

Start position
?c

Work through the book for a great way to solve this

Angles H 10 1
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Angles

Parts of an angle

Angles are formed when two straight rays extend from a common point.
The amount of rotation ‘swept’ from one arm to the next in degrees is how they are measured

Rays are straight lines with A

an arrow on one end only.

Arm BA
Angle swept by arms BA and BC in degrees (c)

B C
Arm BC
Vertex Rays that form an angle are called arms

Naming angles

These two methods of naming use the symbol +in front to mean 'angle'.
Name these two angles:

(i) A (ii) R

C B P Q
Method 1 +ABC or +CBA +PQR or +RQP
The letter at the vertex is always written in the middle

Method 2 +B +Q
For angles like these, you can just use the letter at the vertex

If there is more than one angle at the same point, you must use method 1 to reference the angle properly.
Name these angles marked with a dot:

(i) B C (ii) K
J L

A D N M
BD is shared by both +BDC or +CDB +JKN or +NKJ
angles (Common arm)

2 H 10 Angles
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd
How does it work? Your Turn Angles
ANGLE
AN

*
Parts of an angle

PARTS OF

PAR
TS OF
1 Highlight the section of the angle that matches the label underneath.

a A b c
..../...../20...
AN *
C X ANGLE

Y Z
B
Arm BC Arm YX The vertex

P
d e f
Q

O R
The angle swept The arm shared by The angle swept by
both angles the arms OP and OQ

2 Write down the parts of the angles that have been highlighted below.

a b c X

Y Z

d B e f
M
P Q
C

R L N
O
A D

Angles H 10 3
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Angles
ES
GL B*
Naming Angles

MING AN

NA
MING AN
1 Name each of these angles. A C
..../...../20...

A
B G GL *

N
a b c
D E J
ES

F
A C K

2 Name each of the angles marked with: (i) A dot

(ii) A square

N B
a X b M c
A C
Y

D
Q O
W Z P F
E
(i) (i) (i)

(ii) (ii) (ii)

3 Name the arm common to both marked angles in question 2, (write ‘no arm common’ if there isn’t one).

a b c

4 Name the angles indicated in each of these:

G
a K b B c
A
J F H

O
C E D
L D

M =

4 H 10 Angles
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 How does it work? Angles

Angle types

This table shows how angles are classified by their size.

Picture Size Name

A Between 0c and 90c

or Acute angle

0c 1 +ABC 1 90c
B C

A
Exactly 90c
or
Right angle
+ABC = 90c
B C
Small box means 90c

A Between 90c and 180c

or
Obtuse angle
90c 1 +ABC 1 180c
C
B

Exactly 180c
or
Straight angle
A C +ABC = 180c
B Vertex

Between 180c and 360c

B
C or
Reflex angle
180c 1 reflex +ABC 1 360c
A +ABC could also be an obtuse (or acute) angle, so include the word reflex in front

Exactly 360c Reflex angle

or or
B A/C
+ABC = 360c Full rotation
Vertex

Angles H 10 5
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Angles
PES * AN
TY
Angle types

GL
* ANGLE

E TYPES *
1 Sketch and label angles that match each of these descriptions:
..
..../...../20.

ES
a Obtuse angle +XYZ b Acute +PQR AN
GLE TYP

c Right-angle +MLN d Reflex +GUP

(Hint: remember the box)

e Full revolution +JKL f Straight +DEF

2 Fill in the table below with four angles you can find matching the types in the diagram below:
R

Q U
S

P W
T V

Acute angle Right angle Obtuse angle Straight angle Reflex angle

+RQS +RSQ +PRW +PQR reflex +PRW

6 H 10 Angles
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 How does it work? Angles

Using a protractor to measure angles

The amount of turn between each arm is measured in degrees with the aid of a protractor.
Measure the size of +XYZ

Step 1: Set up protractor to measure

Remember: the vertex is X
the pointy bit

Z
Y
Place the centre marker on the protractor at the vertex Line up one of the arms with a 0c mark

Step 2: Read the angle X

Measure with the outside scale as
it starts with 0c

Z
Y
` +XYZ = 120c

The two scales on a protractor enable us to measure angles from either direction.
Measure the size of +ABC

Step 1: Set up protractor to measure A

C
B
Line up one of the arms with a 0c mark Place the centre marker on the protractor at the vertex

Step 2: Read the angle A

Measure with the inside scale

as it starts with 0c

C
B
` +ABC = 65c

Angles H 10 7
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Angles

Using a protractor to measure angles

1 Write down the size (amount of turn in degrees) of these measured angles.
P
a b

C R
B Q
` +ABC = ` +PQR =

c d

K
X
J Z
L Y

` +JLK = ` +XYZ =

2 Write down the size of the angles indicated below each diagram.
B
a b

A C A C
B D
` +ABC = ` +BDC =

c d
B
B

A C A C
D D
` +CDB = ` +ADB =

8 H 10 Angles
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd
How does it work? Your Turn Angles
PROTRAC
A
Using a protractor to measure angles A

TO
* USING

R TO MEA
3 Try these trickier ones!
C
..../...../20...
D B
S
a b SU

S
C RE ANGLE
R

T A
Q E
` +RQS = ` +BEC =

4 Use a protractor to measure the size (amount of turn in degrees) between the arms for these
four angles:

a b
Y
X

X Z Y Z

` +XZY = ` +XYZ =

c J d

P
Q

L
K

` +JKL = ` +PQR =

Angles H 10 9
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 How does it work? Your Turn Angles

Using a protractor to measure angles

5 Measure each acute angle between the straight supports on Bert the
spider’s web and match the letter with the correct size below.

E L
T
U

I
O

R S

N
V
O

44c 10c 24c 30c 20c 40c 35c 52c 27c 22c 56c

10 H 10 Angles
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 How does it work? Angles

Using a protractor to measure reflex angles

Most protractors only measure angles up to 180c, so measure the angle you can and go from there.
Measure the size of reflex +PQR

Step 1: Measure the obtuse +PQR

P
Obtuse +PQR = 140c

R
Q
Step 2: Subtract the size of the obtuse angle from 360c
P
Obtuse +PQR + reflex +PQR = 360c
(a full revolution)

140c
R
Q

` Reflex +PQR = 360c - 140c

= 220c

Here is another example with an acute angle.

Measure the size of reflex +DEF

Step 1: Measure the acute +DEF

D
E

F
Step 2: Subtract the size of the acute angle from 360c
Acute +DEF + reflex +DEF = 360c (a
full revolution)
D E
25c

F
` Reflex +DEF = 360c - 25c
= 335c

Angles H 10 11
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 How does it work? Your Turn Angles

Using a protractor to measure reflex angles

1 Calculate the size of these reflex angles.
A
L
a b

C J
B K
` Reflex +ABC = 360c - ` Reflex +JLK = 360c -

= =

X
c d
U
T
Z

` Reflex +XYZ = 360c - ` Reflex +TUV = 360c -

= =

2 Measure and write down the size of the reflex angle for each of these:

a b
H
M J

CTOR
TRA T
N RO A O
L
USING A P

` Reflex +LMN =
ME
ASURE RE

B
C
c
..../...../20...
FL
*

C EX
ANGLES

A I
B

` Reflex +ABC = ` Reflex +HIJ =

12 H 10 Angles
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 Where does it work? Angles

Adjacent Angles

Angles that do not overlap and share an arm from the same vertex point are called adjacent angles.
Name the adjacent acute angles in this diagram

A Arm DB is shared by +ADB and +BDC

C
D
Same vertex point for +ADB and +BDC

+ADB is adjacent to +BDC

Adjacent simply means 'next to'

Here is the official way to say it: “The arm DB is common to both angles.”
“The vertex D is common to both angles.”

Here is an example where angles with a common arm and vertex overlap.
Name all the obtuse angles adjacent to +UZY

W
V

U The vertex Z is common to all angles

Z
Arm UZ is also common to these obtuse angles
+UZW and +UZX

Arm ZY is also common to these obtuse angles:

+VZY, +XZY and +WZY

+UZY is adjacent to the obtuse angles +UZW, +UZX, +XZY and +WZY .
V
Be careful:
Eg: +VZY and +UZY share a common arm and vertex, U Z Arm ZY and vertex Z
common to both
but they are not adjacent because they overlap.
Y

Angles H 10 13
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 Where does it work? Your Turn Angles

ANGLES
T A
Adjacent angles

*
ADJACEN

ADJACEN
B
1 Name a pair of adjacent acute angles in each of these diagrams: D

..../...../20...
C
B K T
a b
L ANGLES *

C M
A J
D N
and and

2 Name a reflex angle and an acute angle adjacent to these angles marked with a dot.

Y P S UP IF
a X b MB

BIG THU

YO
U FIND
U
Q
Z AL

*
L FOUR

W T R
S

and and

Remember to write the word reflex infront of the reflex angles

3 Draw an obtuse angle and label it +PQR . Draw an acute angle +PQS adjacent to it.

4 Each of these angles share an arm. Explain why they are not adjacent to each other.
N
a M b B C
P
Q

A
O D
+MON and +NQP +ADB and +ADC

+MON and +NQP are not adjacent because: +ADB and +ADC are not adjacent because:

14 H 10 Angles
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 Where does it work? Angles

Complementary and supplementary angles

These special names are given to pairs of angles that add together to a total of 90c or 180c.

Complementary angles are a pair of angles that make a right-angle (90c) when put together.
Calculate the size of +ADB if it is the complement of +BDC

A
C B B

Remember like this:

Complementary angles
make a Corner. Size of +BDC
50c
D C
D

+ADB + +BDC = 90c +ADB and +BDC are complementary angles

` +ADB + 50c = 90c
` +ADB = 40c
A B B A B
If you draw complementary angles adjacent 40c =
to each other, you will make a right-angle! 50c
C C
D D D

Here is another example.

Name the pair of complementary angles in this diagram

X
W
Y

42c 47c
45c
V Look for a pair of angles that add to 90c
O
43c

U
+UOV + +XOY = 43c + 47c
= 90c
` +UOV and +XOY are complementary angles

Angles H 10 15
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 Where does it work? Angles

Supplementary angles are a pair of angles that make a straight-angle (180c) when put together.
Calculate the supplement of 132c

The supplement of 132c is: 180c - 132c = 48c Supplementary angles add to 180c

Calculate the size of an angle supplementary to +WZY

X Y
S
Remember like this: 44c
Supplementary angles 65c
make a Straight angle. W Z
+WZY = +WZX + +XZY +WZY is formed by two adjacent angles
= 65c + 44c
= 109c

+WZY + angle = 180c

` 109c + angle = 180c
` angle = 180c - 109c
` angle = 71c

` the size of the angle supplementary to +WZY is 71c

Questions with many angles need a closer investigation.

Write down the pair of adjacent, supplementary angles from this diagram

L
Diagram not drawn to scale
19c M
X
46c
K 29c 105c
N
J
+MXJ = +MXN + +JXN The total size of other adjacent angles is sometimes needed
+MXJ = 46c + 105c
+MXJ = 151c

+MXJ + +JXK = 151c + 29c

= 180c
+MXJ and +JXK are supplementary angles

16 H 10 Angles
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Where does it work? Your Turn Angles
ARY AND
NT

SU
COMPLEME
Complementary and supplementary angles

PPL ENTA
20...

EM
..../
1 Calculate the complement of these angles:
RY .. ../.

*
ANGLES
a 30c b 80c c 46c

d 11c e 23.5c f 18.3c

2 Calculate the supplement of these angles:

a 100c b 90c c 165c

d 109c e 19 1 c f 121.3c
4

3 Calculate the size of the missing angle for these pairs of angles to be complementary:

a A b P R S
T
B 11.5c

71c C

D Q U

+BDC = +TSU =

4 Calculate the size of the missing angle for these pair of angles to be supplementary:
X I
a b
D
E

107c H
W Y
O F J

+XOY = +HJI =

Angles H 10 17
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 Where does it work? Your Turn Angles

Complementary and supplementary angles

5 Name the pair of supplementary angles in this diagram:
Hint: what is the size of +WOY ? W

V 64c X

44c 46c
O

U Y

and are supplementary angles

6 Name the angle complementary to the ones given below:

D
C E

B 35c 23c F
24c 30c

37c 31c
A G
O
a +DOF and b +FOG and

MBO.. TIME
It's combo time!
CO ../.
....
7 a Name the pair of adjacent complementary angles in this diagram: /20.
*
TIME *

R S
..
COMBO T

IM
BO

Q 25c 65c E * COM

P 15c 35c T
25c
and
O U

V
b If +UOV is drawn adjacent to +TOU as shown, what size must it be to make +POV a
straight angle? Hint: the angles must all add to 180c

+UOV =

18 H 10 Angles
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 Where does it work? Angles

Vertically opposite angles

When two straight lines cross each other, four angles are created.

2
1 3
4

If you measured each of these angles with your protractor, you will discover that:

Angle 1 = Angle 3
and
Angle 2 = Angle 4

In Mathematics we refer to these equal angle pairs as vertically opposite angles.

Name the pairs of vertically opposite angles in this diagram:
E

D
A
O B
C
AB and CD are two straight lines crossing each other at O

` 1st pair of vertically opposite angles are: +AOC and +BOD

` 2nd pair of vertically opposite angles are: +AOD and +BOC

Adjacent angles formed by the intersection of two straight lines are supplementary.
Calculate the size of these angles:

Z
W 140c
O X
Y
(i) +XOY
+XOY = +WOZ Vertically opposite angles are the same size
` +XOY = 140c

(ii) +WOY
+WOY is adjacent to +WOZ
` +WOY + +WOZ = 180c Adjacent angles of intersecting lines are supplementary
` +WOY + 140c = 180c
` +WOY = 40c

Angles H 10 19
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 Where does it work? Your Turn Angles
S * VER
GLE TI
AN

CA
Vertically opposite angles

E
Y OPPOSIT

LL
Y OPPOSIT
1 Name and shade all the pairs of vertically opposite angles below:

..../...../20...

LL
J M

CA

E
a P R b AN
GLE TI
S * VER

X
T
S Q
L K
+PTR and +QTS First pair: and

and Second pair: and

2 Calculate the size of these angles:

I
C
a (i) +IOH b (i) +COA B AB and CD are
straight lines
(ii) +JOH G
67c O
H (ii) +AOD 49c
O
56c E
A
J D
(i) (i)

(ii) (ii)

3 This diagram is made up of four straight lines AB, CD, EF and GH intersecting at the same point O.
Name ten different pairs of vertically opposite angles.

(i) and (ii) and

E G
C (iii) and (iv) and

A B
O (v) and (vi) and
D
(vii) and (viii) and
H F

(ix) and (x) and

20 H 10 Angles
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 Where does it work? Angles

Parallel lines

Parallel lines never cross each other, so on their own they never form an angle.

Used to show that the lines

are parallel to each other

Parallel lines are named like this: AB ;; CD

This symbol means 'is parallel to'

We get angles formed when another line that is not parallel crosses them.

A line that crosses parallel The opposite of parallel

lines is called a transversal is ‘perpendicular’. The
symbol for this is = . It
means the lines cross at
90c to each other

Alternate angles (Z-angles)

Angles that are on alternate sides of the transversal inside a pair of parallel lines are the same size.
H H
G G
A B A B

C D C D
F F
E E
+AGF = +DFG +CFG = +BGF

These are called alternate angles, and they form a ‘zigzag’ shape when highlighted. Let’s call them 'Z-angles'.
Find the size of +POM

Q
P
J K
124c

L M
O
N
+JPO = 124c
+JPO = +POM Alternate angles in parallel lines, JK ;; LM
` +POM = 124c Alternate angles in parallel lines are the same size

Angles H 10 21
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 Where does it work? Angles

Corresponding angles (F-angles)

Angles that are in corresponding (matching) positions on a pair of parallel lines are the same size.
H H
G G
A B A B

C D C D
F F
E E
+EFD = +FGB +CFG = +AGH
These are called corresponding angles and they form an ‘F’ shape when highlighted. Let’s call them ‘F-angles’.
Find the size of +LON
Q
J G K
124c
L M
O
N
+JPO = 124c
+JPO = +LON Corresponding angles in parallel lines, JK ;; LM
` +LON = 124c Corresponding angles in parallel lines are the same size

Cointerior angles (C-angles)

Angles on the same side of the transversal and inside a pair of parallel lines are supplementary.

G H G H
A B A B

C D C D
F F
E E
+DFG + +FGB = 180c +AGF + +CFG = 180c
These are called cointerior angles and they form a ‘C’ shape when highlighted. Let’s call these ‘C-angles’.
Find the size of +LOP
Q
P
J K
124c
L M
O
N
+JPO = 124c
+JPO + +LOP = 180c Cointerior angles in parallel lines, JK ;; LM
` +LOP = 56c Cointerior angles in parallel lines are supplementary

22 H 10 Angles
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Where does it work? Your Turn Angles
RALLEL LIN
PA E
Parallel lines

S
..../...../20...

* P
S
AR E
1 For each of these diagrams: (i) Name the transversal. ALLEL LIN
(ii) Name the pair of parallel lines using the correct symbol.
F H
a
W b
A B D
C
C D B
A
X E G
(i) (i)

(ii) (ii)

2 Name all the pairs of alternate, corresponding and cointerior angles in these diagrams:
F H
a X W b
S T
B C
A D
U V
Y
Z
E G
Alternate angles (Z-angles) Alternate angles (Z-angles)

(i) and (i) and

(ii) and (ii) and

Corresponding angles (F-angles) Corresponding angles (F-angles)

There are four pairs of this type There are four pairs of this type

(i) and (i) and

(ii) and (ii) and

(iii) and (iii) and

(iv) and (iv) and

Cointerior angles (C-angles) Cointerior angles (C-angles)

(i) and (i) and

(ii) and (ii) and

Angles H 10 23
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 Where does it work? Your Turn Angles

Parallel lines
3 A straight cable QN, runs underneath a railway track as shown. Use the Z-angles and F-angles
properties to complete the table with all the other angles that are the same size as the two given.
Q
J 63c 117c
63c Remember you +JPQ +JPO
P can look for
L 117c vertically opposite
angles too as they
are also equal.
K
O

M
N

4 Find the size of each of these angles and include one of the properties below you used to find them:
Properties: alternate , corresponding , cointerior , vertically opposite , straight

+BGH = Property used: Corresponding angles

A
G H +AGF = Property used: angles
C B
46c +CFE = Property used: angles
E F
D
+BGF = Property used: angles

b Try this one with 3 parallel lines! (psst! You will need to use more than one property)
V
+WXB = 128c Property used:
W
P Q Corresponding angle to +TYZ , (+AXY) = 128c
+WXB is vertically opposite to +AXY = 128c
X
A B +AXW = Property used:

Y
T U
128c

Z
+BXY = Property used:

24 H 10 Angles
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 Where does it work? Your Turn Angles

Parallel lines

Since the rules for Z-angles, F-angles and C-angles only work when lines are parallel, you can use them to
find out whether a pair of lines are parallel or not!

5 For each of these: (i) circle ‘parallel’ or ‘not parallel’ for the lines drawn
(ii) write a reason why you circled the one you did!

a (i) The line AB and CD are:

F PARALLEL NOT PARALLEL
A B (ii) Reason:
153c

37c The cointerior angles do not add up to 180c

C D or
E The cointerior angles are not supplementary

b X (i) The line ST and UV are:

81c PARALLEL NOT PARALLEL

S T (ii) Reason:

81c
U V
Y

c
P R (i) The line PQ and RS are:
PARALLEL NOT PARALLEL
(ii) Reason:
101c
N O
100c

Q S

d N K (i) The line LM and NO are:

L PARALLEL NOT PARALLEL
J (ii) Reason: (write all the properties used here)

22c
158c
I
O
H
M

Angles H 10 25
Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 What else can you do? Angles

Angle sums

The size of special angle types learnt earlier can be used to find unknown angles.

Angles that form a straight line add to 180c.

Calculate the size of +MON , if LP is a straight line
M N

+LOP = 180c (a straight angle)

41c 73c
L P
O
+LOM + +PON + +MON = +LOP = 180c
` 41c + 73c + +MON = 180c
` +MON = 180c - 41c - 73c
+MON = 66c

Angles that are part of a full revolution are called ‘angles at a point’ and they add to 360c.
Calculate the size of +COD
B

A
62c The angles joined at vertex O sum to equal 360c
38c 125c
D O
C
+AOD + +AOB + +BOC + +COD = 360c
` 38c + 62c + 125c + +COD = 360c
` +COD = 360c - 38c - 62c - 125c
+COD = 135c

Here is a right-angle example.

Calculate the size of +JKN ,+MKN and +LKM if they are all the same size
J K
+JKL is a right-angle which equals 90c
N

L M
+JKN + +MKN + +LKM = 90c
` +JKN, +MKN and +LKM = 90c ' 3 ' 3 as they are all the same size
` +JKN, +MKN and +LKM = 30c

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What else can you do? Your Turn Angles

GLE SUMS
AN
Angle sums

SUMS *

* A
+
For each of these diagrams, calculate the size of the missing angle:

NGLE
1

..../...../20...

LE
a J b C UM

S
K S * ANG
L B 17c
13c
14c
29c A D
M E
N

+JNK = +CED =

X Y
c d Small dots can be used to show equal sized angles
Q
P R
W
72c 76c
Z V S
O
203c
U T

+XOY = Each
angle =

2 Vertically opposite angles can be used to help find the unknown angles for these.

a AB and CD are straight lines b JK and MN are straight lines

D Q N
A 127c
O J 34c 88c
O
83c 76c K
B
C
M
E P
+BOE = +MOP =

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 What else can you do? Your Turn Angles

Angle sums
3 Use the parallel line angle properties to help find the size of these angles:
C H
a P b
70c G
W X A B
B 47c

84c 130c
U A V C D
F E
D I
+WBA = +AGH =

+CBX = +AGF =

+ABX = +HGB =

+PBW = +EGF =

Combo Time!

4 Give these tricky ones a go! You have the skills now to use a few different angle properties for each one.

a JK and PQ are straight, parallel lines. b AB and CD are straight, parallel lines.
AB and CD are straight lines. J
P
I B
J H
E 46c
A D A
119c B 141c
Q B
D

F
C
C E G
K H
+PQB = +DFG = Hint: find +EFC first

+PQD =
Hint: find +IFD first
+EFI =
+DQB =

28 H 10 Angles
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 What else can you do? Angles

Angle problems

Many real life problems can involve the application of the angle properties covered in this booklet.

This one uses the angle sum of a revolution.

Trinity is blindfolded and spun around in a children’s party game. If it takes her 7 1 equal-sized steps
2
to complete each circle, how many degrees does she turn with each step?

1 complete circle = 1 revolution =360c

` Number of degrees turned with each step = 360c ' 7 1
2
= 48 c

` Trinity spins 48c with each step she takes. Always answer problems with a statement

Here is another problem.

Five people were holding lengths of rope at one end. They were all tied together at the other.
They need to move around until the angles between each rope are the same.
Explain how each person should move if Kim and Rohan must both remain still.

Kim Calculate the size each angle needs to be.

Wei ` 360c ' 5 = 72c Angles at a point add to 360c

100c
Kim and Rohan cannot move.
92c 44c
87c Rohan
37c Wei moves 100c - 72c = 28c counter-clockwise
Sung-Li ` Angle between Kim and Wei = 72c
Erin
Sung-Li moves 92c - 72c = 20c clockwise
` Angle between Kim and Sung-Li = 72c

Sung-Li's movements leave Erin 20c + 37c = 57c away from her.
` Erin moves 72c - 57c = 15c counter-clockwise
` Angle between Sung-Li and Erin 87c - 15c = 72c

Erin's movements take her 15c closer to Rohan

` Angle between Erin and Rohan = 87c - 15c = 72c

` Angle between Wei and Rohan = 72c Only angle left over

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 What else can you do? Your Turn Angles

* ANG
Angle problems MS

LE
E
PROBL

PROBLE
1 While performing a circular ballet move, Janet turned the first half easily
and then with some extra effort, made it 5 of the remaining way around.
6 ..../...../20...

LE
MS
a How many degrees was Janet away from completing the full circle? * ANG

Start position
?c er me?
Rememb

b She immediately recovers and starts her second move facing where she had stopped. If she
successfully turns another 180c in the same direction, how many degrees away from the start
position is Janet now?

2 Bert is building another web, this time between two straight, parallel beams WX and YZ (WX < YZ ).
His web has three straight supports: AB, DE and GH.

W J A D G X

28c 47c
Y H E B K Z

Bert wants to put in another straight support JK that passes through O, starting at J and finishing at K.

a Draw in the support JK that matches Bert’s wishes.

b What is the size of +OJA if all the acute angles +OJA , +BAG and +HGD are complementary?

30 H 10 Angles
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What else can you do? Your Turn Angles

Angle problems
3 A toy robot is programmed to move to all of the discs shown below.
It starts on disc A facing in the direction of the arrow.
When it reaches each disc, the robot remains facing the direction it was during the previous move.
Name the order of the discs it moves to if it follows these instructions in order:

• Turn clockwise 90c and travel forward to the next disc.

• Complete a full revolution and then travel forward to the next disc.
• Turn counter-clockwise 200c then travel forward to the next disc.
• Turn clockwise 270c then travel forward to the next disc.
• Turn clockwise 80c then travel in reverse (backwards) to the next disc.
• Turn counter-clockwise an acute angle and travel forward to the last disc.

A D F Disc order:

A
B
G

C
E

4 As part of a treasure hunt, participants must complete puzzles to receive the name of the next
destination. Here is the puzzle for one stop:
D

27c
A C
B

Step 1: If +ABC is a straight angle, calculate the complement of +DBC .

Step 2: Add it to one of the angles formed when +ABD is divided into nine equal sized angles.
Step 3: Calculate the size of reflex +ABD .
Step 4: Subtract the value of step 2 from it and then add the supplement of +DBC to the answer.

What answer will get you the name of the next destination?

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Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 Cheat Sheet Angles

Here is a summary of the important things to remember for angles

Parts of an angle A Naming angles R

Arm AB +PQR
Angle swept in degrees (c )

Vertex B C P Q
Arm BC
Rays that form an angle The letter at the vertex is always written in the middle

Angle types A
A
A
Acute angle Right angle Obtuse angle

Small box means 90c

B C B C B C
0c 1 +ABC 1 90c +ABC = 90c 90c 1 +ABC 1 180c

Straight angle Reflex angle Full revolution or Full rotation

B
C B A/C
A C Vertex
B Vertex
A
+ABC = 180c 180c 1 reflex +ABC 1 360c +ABC = 360c

Complementary and supplementary angles Vertically opposite angles

2
Complementary: a pair of angles whose sum = 90c 1 3
Together they form a right-angle 4
Angle 1 = Angle 3
Supplementary: a pair of angles whose sum = 180c
and
Together they form a straight-angle Angle 2 = Angle 4

Parallel lines
• AB ;; CD: means the line AB is Alternate angles Corresponding angles Cointerior angles
parallel to the line CD
• Arrows indicate parallel lines
B
D
A Equal on Equal on Supplementary
Transversal parallel lines parallel lines on parallel lines
C

32 H 10 Angles
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 Answers Angles

Parts of an angle Naming angles

1. a A C
b X 4. a +LOM or +MOL b +ADC or +CDA
c = +EDH or +HDE
= +FDH or +HDF

Y Z
B Angle types

c d 1. a X b P

Y Z Q R

P
e f c M d
Q
U
P

O R L N G

2. a The vertex b The angle swept e f

c The arm YZ d The common arm BD K J / L D F

E
e The arms SQ and RQ (also accept +SQR or +RQS ) Vertex
f The arms LO and NO (also accept +LON or
+NOL or +LOM or +MON )
2.
Acute angle Right angle Obtuse angle
Naming angles
+RQS or +SQR +RSQ or +QSR +PRW or +WRP
+QPT or +TPQ +QST or +TSQ +PQS or +SQP
1. a +ACB or +BCA or +C
+QRS or +SRQ +PTS or +STP +PTU or +UTP
b +DFE or +EFD or +F +RTU or +UTR +RTW or +WTR +TUW or +WUT

c +GJK or +KJG or +J +URS or +SRU +RUV or +VUR +TVU or +UVT

+RUT or +TUR +VUW or +WUV
+UTV or +VTU
2. a (i) +XZW or +WZX (ii) +XZY or +YZX
+TUV or +VUT
b (i) +ONP or +PNO (ii) +QNP or +PNQ +UVW or +WVU
+UWV or +VWU
c (i) +CFD or +DFC (ii) +AFB or +BFA

3. a Common arm is XZ b Common arm is PN

c No common arms

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Mathletics ©3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
 Answers Angles

Angle types Adjacent angles

2. 1. a +ABD and +CBD b +KNL and +LNM

Straight angle Reflex angle
+PQR or +RQP Reflex (+PRW or +WRP)
2. a reflex +WXZ and +YXZ
+RST or +TSR Reflex (+RQS or +SQR)
+PTV or +VTP Reflex (+QRS or +SRQ) b +UST , or reflex +USR , or reflex +USQ ,
+TVW or +WVT Reflex (+QST or +TSQ) or reflex +USP .
+RUW or +WUR Reflex (+QSR or +RSQ)
Reflex (+STP or +PTS) 3. Here is one possible solution
Reflex (+SRW or +WRS) P
R
Reflex (+STU or +UTS)
Reflex (+UTV or +VTU)
Reflex (+STV or +VTS)
S
Reflex (+TUW or +WUT) Q
Reflex (+TUV or +VUT)
Reflex (+TVU or +UVT) 4. a They share an arm, however that do not share a
Reflex (+WVU or +UVW)
vertex, so they are not adjacent angles
Reflex (+UWV or +VWU)
Reflex (+SRU or +URS)
b +ADB forms part of +ADC , so since they
Reflex (+RUT or +TUR)
overlap each other, they are not adjacent angles
Reflex (+PQS or +SQP)
Reflex (+QPT or +TPQ) Complementary and supplementary angles
Getting 5 correct from this list is a good effort
1. a 60o b 10o c 44o

Using a protractor to measure angles d 79o e 66.5o f 71.7o

1. a 40o b 90o c 150o d 15o

2. a 80o b 90o c 15o
3
d 71o e 160 4 o f 58.7o
2. a 180o b 85o c 145o d 135o

3. a 19o b 78.5o
3. a 50o b 35o

4. a 73o b 90o
4. a 60o b 135o c 95o d 170o

5. +WOY and +UOV

5. REVOLUTIONS

6. First pair: +DOF and +AOB

Using a protractor to measure reflex angles
Second pair: +FOG and +BOD
1. a 260o b 290o c 325o d 210o
7. a +QOR and +ROS b 15o
2. a 215o b 320o c 190o

34 H 10 Angles
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 Answers Angles

Vertically opposite angles Parallel lines

P R
1. a 2. b Zangles (alternate angles):
+FBC and +GCB +EBC and +HCB
T +PTR and +QTS
Fangles (corresponding angles):
S Q +PTS and +RTQ
+ABE and +BCG +EBC and +GCD
+ABF and +BCH +FBC and +HCD
b J M
Cangles (cointerior angles):
+EBC and +GCB +FBC and +HCB
X

First pair: +JXM and +KXL 3. 63c 117c

L K Second pair: +JXL and +KXM +JPQ +JPO
+KPO +LON
2. a (i) 67o (ii) 113o +LOP +MOP
b (i) 105o (ii) 113o +MON +KPQ

3. +AOC and +BOD +EOC and +DOF

+EOG and +HOF +GOB and +AOH 4. a 46o Corresponding angles.
+AOE and +BOF +COG and +DOH 46o Vertically opposite angles.
+EOB and +AOF +COB and +AOD Vertically opposite angles
46o
+AOG and +BOH +EOH and +FOG or
+COH and +DOG +COF and +EOD Corresponding angles.
134o Cointerior angles
Parallel lines or
Straight angle.
1. a (i) Transversal is the line WX
b 128o Corresponding angle
(ii) AB is prallel to CD, AB ;; CD
or
b (i) Transversal is the line AD Vertically opposite angle.

(ii) EF is prallel to GH, EF ;; GH 52o Corresponding angle

or
Straight angle.
2. a Zangles (alternate angles):
+SXY and +VYX +UYX and +TXY 52o Vertically opposite angle
or
Fangles (corresponding angles): cointerior angle, so supplementary.
+SXW and +UYX +SXY and +UYZ
+WXT and +XYV +TXY and +VYZ

Cangles (cointerior angles):

+SXY and +UYX +VYX and +TXY

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 Answers Angles

Parallel lines

5. a (i) NOT PARALLEL

(ii) The cointerior angles do not add up to 180c
or
The cointerior angles are not supplementary.

b (i) PARALLEL
(ii) The corresponding angles are the same size

c (i) NOT PARALLEL

(ii) The alternate angles are not equal to
each other

d (i) PARALLEL
(ii) They are parallel because the cointerior
angles are supplementary

Angle sums

1. a 48o b 149o c 9o d 36o

2. a 44o b 46o

3. a +WBA = 84c b +AGH = 130c

+CBX = 84c +AGF = 50c
+ABX = 96c +HGB = 50c
+PBW = 26c +EGF = 83c

4. a +PQB = 119c b +DFG = 39c

+PQD = 90c +EFI = 95c
+DQB = 29c

Angle problems

1. a 30o b 150o 2. b 15o

3.
A D F B C G E

4. 280o

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