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Módulo de 4° año

Aeronáutica

2020

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 Expectativas y contenids minimos 2020 - 4to añ

Vocabulario: textos y vocabulario relacionados con material técnico sobre aviación.

Bibliografía: módulo de Inglés para 5to año modalidad Aeronáutica. Material auténtico de centros de
aviación de la República Argentina. Normas ATA.

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Unit 1

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Unit 2

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Unit 3

Describing parts of a plane


In the following conversation, Peter (a professional pilot) explains to Juan (a Spanish trainee pilot) the names
in English of the different parts of an airplane. Make your own glossary of new terms.

Peter: 'So now, I'm going to ask you about what the different parts of a plane are.'

Juan: 'Ok.'

Peter: 'So what's the main part of a plane called? The part which contains the passengers, crew and cargo?'

Juan: 'I think that's called the fuselage.'

Peter: 'That's right. And what do you call the front part of the fuselage?'

Juan: 'That's called the nose. And the section at the back of the airplane is called the tail.'

Peter: 'Perfect. And the part of the fuselage behind the nose where the pilots fly the aircraft from?'

Juan: 'That's called the flight deck.'

Peter: 'Yes it is, but it is more commonly called the cockpit. And what's the section of the plane where the
passengers travel in?'

Juan: 'That's called the cabin.'

Peter: 'And the section under the cabin where the passengers suitcases, bags and other things are carried?'

Juan: 'That's called the hold or baggage hold.'

Peter: 'Perfect. So what are the wheels called which an aircraft uses when travelling on the ground?'

Juan: 'They are called the landing gear and they are on the bottom of the aircraft.'

Peter: 'Is the landing gear just attached to the fuselage of the plane?'

Juan: 'No, some of the landing gear is also attached to the wings as well. The two long horizontal parts of the
aircraft attached to the middle part of the fuselage.'

Peter: 'Good. And what do you call the things which power the aircraft so it can move and fly?'

Juan: 'That depends on the type of aircraft. On some aircraft (especially bigger ones), they are powered by jet
engines which are attached to the wings. On other aircraft (especially smaller ones), they are powered by a
propeller which is normally attached to the nose of the airplane.'

Peter: 'Perfect.'

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Describing more parts of a plane
In the following conversation, Peter (a professional pilot) explains to Juan (a Spanish trainee pilot) the names
in English of the different parts of an airplane. Add all new parts to the picture above.

Peter: 'So now, I am going to ask you about some other parts of an aircraft.'

Juan: 'Ok.'

Peter: 'On the wings there are various panels/parts which are used to control the aircraft.'

Juan: 'To help the plane to take off, slow down and to move left or right.'

Peter: 'That's right. So, what are the name of the panels/parts attached to the back part of the wings next to the
fuselage that are used to help the airplane take off from the runway and to slow it down when landing?'

Juan: 'I think they are called the flaps. But they are not the only panels/parts attached to the back part of the
wings, are they?'

Peter: 'No they aren't. There is a panel/part attached at the back of each wing near the tip/end which are used
to turn the aircraft either left or right. Do you know what these are called?'

Juan: 'I think they are called the ailerons.'

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Peter: 'That's correct. And what about the panels/parts on the top of the wing in front of the flaps, which are
used to make an aircraft descend/go down more quickly?'

Juan: 'I know this. They are called the spoilers. They are also used to slow the plane down when the plane has
landed on the runway.'

Peter: 'They do. So now let's look at the back or tail of an aircraft. There are two types of small wings attached
to the fuselage and are fixed (they don't move). One which is vertical and the other which is horizontal. Do you
know what these are called?'

Juan: 'The one which is vertical is called the fin.'

Peter: 'And the small wings which are horizontal which are under the fin at each side of it?'

Juan: 'They are called the tailplanes.'

Peter: 'Perfect. Although neither the fin and the tailplanes move, they each have a panel/part which does. So
what is the name of the panel/part at the back of the fin which is used to help the aircraft turn left or right?'

Juan: 'It's the same as on a boat or ship, it's called a rudder.'

Peter: 'That's right. So to end, tell me what the names of the panels/parts are at the back of the tailplanes?'

Juan: 'They are called the elevators.'

Peter: 'And what are they used to do?'

Juan: 'They are used to make the nose of the aircraft either point up (so the plane climbs/goes up) or point
down (so the plane descends/goes down).'

Peter: 'That's correct. Well done.'

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Unit 4

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Unit 5

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Aircraft dimensions
a- Look at the diagram of the Boeing 737-300 and complete the table:

FULL LENGTH

HEIGHT

WING SPAN

WHEEL BASE

WHEEL TRUCK

CABIN HEIGHT

CABIN WIDTH

CABIN LENGHT

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b- Draw a diagram of an Embraer 190 according to the dimensions in the
table (use a gridded sheet of paper):
FULL 118 feet 11
LENGTH inch
(36,24m)
HEIGHT 34 feet 8
inch
(10,57m)
WING SPAN 94 feet 3
inch
(28,72m)
WHEEL 45 feet 4
BASE inch
(13,81m)
WHEEL 19 feet 6
TRUCK inch (5,94m)
CABIN 6 feet 7 inch
HEIGHT (2,00m)
CABIN 8 feet 0 inch
WIDTH (2,74m)
CABIN 84 feet 6
LENGHT inch
(25,76m)

c- Write six sentences comparing the Boeing 737- 300 and the Embraer
190 dimensions. Use comparative and superlative adjectives.
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________

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Unit 6
a- Enter the following link in your mobile phone and watch the video.
Discuss what it is about.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgeMJ1hX9KI
b- Watch the video “World's first flying car about to go on sale”
again and solve this True/ False activity:
1. The flying car is a four- seats vehicle.
2. You do not need a runway.
3. The engine recharges the batteries.
4. You can talk to a computer to say where you want to go.
5. It becomes a car in a minute.
6. It provides door – to – door transportation.

c- Read the following information about the flying car (adapted for
teaching purposes).
Published on September 27th, 2018
World's first FLYING CAR that can turn into a plane in less than a minute and soar along at 100mph is
going to be on sale in the US next month

According to manufacturer Terrafugia, which belongs to the parent company of Volvo, the Transition
will be able to fly up to 400 miles (640km) at top speeds of 100mph (160kmh).

The price is going to be determined soon but preliminary sales for the first of the pioneering models
will begin in October, according to China's news agency Xinhua.

What's the difference? 'Will' and 'be going to'


Will + infinitive Be going to + infinitive

A decision at the moment of


A decision before the moment of speaking:
speaking:
Julie: There's no fuel.
Julie: There's no fuel
John: I know. I'm going to go and get some when I finish
John: Really? In that case, I'll go
this check – up.
and get some.
A prediction based on something we can see (or
A prediction based on opinion:
hear) now:
I think the Company will invest
The Company is going to invest more money. It already has
more money.
shown its positive intention.
A future fact:

Planes will fly in the sky.


For promises / requests /
refusals / offers:

I'll help you tomorrow, if you like.

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d- Read the following extract. Underline all the “will”/ “be going to”
ideas. Explain why you have to use one or the other in each given
example underlined.

Here's what flying cars will actually look like

By Jamie Carter September 14, 2017

Flying cars are coming – but they may not look quite as you expected

"Roads? Where we're going, we don't need roads." 'Doc' Brown was right in Back to the Future. Okay,
not about the time-travel thing, but the flying car thing is definitely going to happen.

Big names like Airbus, Uber, Google and Toyota all plunging big money into the development of
airborne autos, and some even think we'll have flying cars in just five years.

Cars shows are already exhibiting prototypes. Cities and transport authorities will make long - term
plans that involve flying cars. So why the heightened interest?

"There is quite a lot of hype and buzz around flying cars now, because for the first time in human
history we have cutting-edge technology that can assist in building a flying car," says Joe Praveen
Vijayakumar, a Mobility Industry Analyst at Frost & Sullivan, and author of a report called Future of
Flying Cars, 2017–2035.

Note: for further reading go to

https://www.techradar.com/news/heres-what-flying-cars-will-actually-look-like

The teacher will provide the class with more exercises on the topic.

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Unit 7
Aviation English 22: Passive voice
1- Look at the two sentences and label the parts of the sentence in example a-
SUBJECT – VERB – OBJECT

a- Pilot John flies a plane

b- A plane is flown by pilot John

2- What happens in example b-? Can you still identify the SUBJECT – VERB
– OBJECT?

3- Look at the chart and try to explain what you understand to the class.

4- Now look at these two sentences and label the parts again.

a- I didn’t plane the airplane red

b- The airplane wasn’t painted red

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5- Watch the following video (click on the link) for a complete explanation of
this grammar point. Discuss with the class.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N1xQPXNGQaU

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Unit 8

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Unit 9
Fitness to fly. A Medical guide for pilots. ICAO

The following chapters deal with medical issues that pilots should consider regarding their work and
health.

1- Let’s discuss:
a- What do you understand by “risk”?
b- Have you ever had a cardiovascular issue?
c- Do you think it is important for pilots to have a good health? Why?

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2- Read the “5 practical ways to achieve optimum mental health and well – being”.
3- Each group will be given one topic for further investigation.
4- The group will write a short summary (no more than 6 lines) explaining what it is all about.
5- Then, you will tell the class what you have found out.

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6- Let’s read about the “impact of alcohol and drugs on performance and health”. Do you think it could be
a risk only when working? Why? Why not?
7- Using the “modal verbs” learnt, rewrite the short – term effects such as:
You could be confused when drinking alcohol

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8- Look at these “practical ways to minimize risk from alcohol” and think of two or three more to add to
the list.
9- Surf the web to find any news about this topic (English version). Bring it to the class and explain what
you have found out.
10- Prepare a couple of questions for your classmates as a listening comprehension activity.

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Actividades
de
Revisión
e
Intervención
Pedagógica

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Comprehension and Translation
section
Simple past review
1) Read the text “The Trebuchet” and mark statements as true or false.

One of the most significant engineering achievements of the Middle Ages was the trebuchet, a
type of catapult. A common siege engine, the trebuchet launched projectiles into an enemy’s
fortifications during a siege. Medieval engineers worked hard on the design to make sure it
had the greatest effect. This method of breaking down an enemy’s defenses was oftentimes
quite successful. The trebuchet was a common weapon of warfare for nearly 2,000 years. The
earliest trebuchets were invented in China in the 4th century BC, but they weren’t very
accurate and they didn’t have a fixed counterweight. In fact, they were used well into the 16 th

century, long after the invention of gunpowder. The trebuchet launched projectiles at high
speeds by utilizing some important engineering principles. One such principle was the
mechanical advantage principle of leverage. Trebuchets were able to multiply the torque that
was applied to a simple lever built into their design. This allowed a counterweight to provide
enough force to launch the payload that was in the sling on the other side of the pivot. The
mass of the object being launched could therefore be very large and cause great destruction.

a. The first trebuchets were designed in the Middle Ages.


b. Trebuchets use the advantage principal of mass.
c. Counterweights and slings are on the same side of the pivot.
d. Trebuchets increased the torque being applied to a lever.

Find the past tense of the following verbs in the text:

Launch Have
Work Be
Can

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2) Complete the text.

On 24th August last year, I inspected the Nautilus shipyard. I (1.find) __________ many safety
hazards, Here are the main points of my safety report: The emergency exit
(2.be)_______________ locked. There (3.be) ________________ some ropes on the ground,
between two boats. Two fire extinguishers (4.be) ________________ damaged. Five workers
(5.have) ___________ no hard hats or safety gloves. One welder (6.not wear) ____________
his safety boots. A high-voltage cable (7.be) _____________coiled. There (8.be)
_____________many tools on the ground. A supervisor (9.tell) ________________me about a
near miss. The incident (10.take) ________________ place in July last year. A repairman
(11.put on) __________ his hard hat and safety boots. He then (12.climb) _____________ a
ladder 8 metres up to an electrical cable. The cable (13.be) ______________ damaged. It
(14. have) _____________________________some bare wires. The repair man (15.shout)
_____________to a worker: “Switch off the power!” The worker (16.switch off)
_____________the main electricity supply and shouted: “ OK, I’ve switched it off!” Then the
repairman (17.touch) _________________the cable. But the cable (18.not be)
_____________ connected to the main supply. It (19.be) _________connected to a generator.
There (20.be)______________ a spark. The repair man (21.be) ____________ very lucky.
He (22.not receive)________________ a shock. But this was a very serious incident.

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Passive voice review
1) Put the verb into the correct form. Present Simple-Past Simple-Active- Passive.
It´s a big factory. Five hundred people___________________( employ) there.
________________________ ( somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
Water___________________ ( cover) most of the Earth´s surface.
How much of the Earth's surface___________________(cover) by water?
The park gates_______________(lock) at 6.0 pm every day.
The letter_____________ (post) a week ago and it___________________(arrive) yesterday.

2) The steering system of a car (Present Simple Passive)


The steering mechanism (use) is used to link the steering wheel to the road wheels.
Today, rack-and-pinion steering (use) _______ for most modern cars with independent front
suspension. The rack (place) _______ in a line between one wheel and the other. The pinion
(fix) ___________ to the end of the steering column. When the steering column rotates, the
pinion rotates too and engages with the rack. When the wheel (turn) _____________, the rack
moves either to the left or to the right. The rack and pinion _____________ (lubricate) at the
time of manufacture and need no further maintenance.
At least one universal joint _____________ (fix) into the steering column, which allows it to be
assembled more easily. In addition there is a steering shaft coupling. In the event of an
accident, the steering shaft disengages from the coupling to avoid injuring the driver.
The rack acts as the center section of a three-piece track rod. Each outer end of the track rod
turns the wheel by means of a track rod ball joint. Ball swivel joints (place) _____________ at
the outer connection point of the suspension arms.

3)Simple Past Passive


Seventy or more kilometers from land, your boat strikes an unseen object and sinks quickly. You have
no time to send a radio message. You jump into your life raft. You have flares in your life raft, but they
are only visible from a distance of about 5 km. How do you send an emergency signal to the nearest
rescue center?
This happened to two sailors on 18 July this year. They were sailing in the Indian Ocean when their
boat, the Tiger, struck a sharp object. The boat quickly sank 77 kilometers from the nearest land. They
got into their life raft, but their radio (lose) ____________ when the boat went down. At 09.30 the
coastguard received a signal from the boat’s emergency beacon. The coastguard forwarded it to the
rescue center and by 11.00 (only 90 minutes later) the crew of the helicopter found the two sailors and
winched them into the helicopter from the life raft.
How (transmit) ______ the emergency signal ______________?

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Fortunately, the Tiger (fit) ____________ with a 406 MHz free floating beacon, which ____________
(link) to the Cospas-Sarsat satellite system. When the boat sank, the beacon automatically detached
itself from the yacht and floated to the surface. There it switched on automatically and transmitted an
emergency signal on the 406 MHz wavelength to the satellite. The satellite then forwarded the signal to
the coastguard. The free-floating beacon and the Cospas-Sarsat satellite system can increase the
chances of saving lives in any air-sea rescue, in which the most important thing is to
locate the survivors quickly.

4) Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

a.Rick told Sue to give up smoking. ________________________________________


b.Jack installed a new computer software. _____________________________________
c.We must write an email to her. __________________________________________
d.They develop a new type of washing powder.

5) Change these sentences into Passive Voice.

a. The boat struck a sharp object.

b. They lost their radio when the boat went down.

c. The crew of the helicopter found the two sailors.

d. The satellite forwarded the signal to the coastguard.

e. The beacon transmitted an emergency signal to the coastguard.

Future tenses review

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1) Use will or be going to + one of these verbs.

Collapse -enter-explode-have-increase-leave-paint-phone-retire-re open -see-show-be


sick-walk

a- Get out of the building. It sounds like the generator ________________________


b- Tim ____________________________early before he reaches 65. He mentioned it
recently.
c- I think I ______________________________home across the park
d- Next year no doubt more people____________________ the competition as the prize
money increases.
e- Can we meet at 10 outside the station? Ok I ______________________ there.
f- Don’t sit on that bench!. I _________________________________ it.
g- I’m not feeling well. I think I______________
h- Closed over the new year period. This office __________________on 2nd January.
i- We______________________________with Tim tonight. He is asked to be there at 7.
j- I’m sure you___________________________a good time staying with Richard.
k- The 2.35 train to Bristol________________________________ from platform 9
l- I wouldn’t walk across that old bridge if I were you. It looks like
it______________________
m- I read in the paper that they_________________________the price of that again.
n- Do you like the new solar watch?. I _____________________________ you how it
works.

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AIRCRAFT PARTS MANUFACTURING
ASSISTANCE (PMA)
DAR SERVICES

ATA 100 CHAPTER AND SECTION HEADINGS

01 INTRODUCTION 46 INFORMATION SYSTEMS


05 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS 49 AIRBORNE AUXILIARY
06 DIMENSIONS AND AREAS POWER
07 LIFTING AND SHORING 51 STANDARD PRACTICES
08 LEVELING AND AND STRUCTURES -
WEIGHING GENERAL
09 TOWING AND TAXIING 52 DOORS
10 PARKING, MOORING, 53 FUSELAGE
STORAGE AND RETURN TO 54 NACELLES / PYLONS
SERVICE 55 STABILIZERS
11 PLACARDS AND 56 WINDOWS
MARKINGS 57 WINGS
12 SERVICING - ROUTINE 60 STANDARD PRACTICES -
MAINTENANCE PROPELLER / ROTOR
18 VIBRATION AND NOISE 61 PROPELLERS /
ANALYSIS (HELICOPTER PROPULSORS
ONLY) 62 MAIN ROTOR(S)
20 STANDARD PRACTICES - 63 MAIN ROTOR DRIVE(S)
AIRFRAME 64 TAIL ROTOR
21 AIR CONDITIONING 65 TAIL ROTOR DRIVE
22 AUTO FLIGHT 66 ROTOR BLADE AND TAIL
23 COMMUNICATIONS PYLON FOLDING
24 ELECTRICAL POWER 67 ROTORS FLIGHT
25 EQUIPMENT / CONTROL
FURNISHINGS 70 STANDARD PRACTICES -
26 FIRE PROTECTION ENGINE
27 FLIGHT CONTROLS 71 POWER PLANT -
28 FUEL GENERAL
29 HYDRAULIC POWER 72 ENGINE
30 ICE AND RAIN 72(T) ENGINE - TURBINE /
PROTECTION TURBOPROP, DUCTED FAN /
31 INDICATING / UNDUCTED FAN
RECORDING SYSTEMS 72(R) ENGINE -
32 LANDING GEAR RECIPROCATING
33 LIGHTS 73 ENGINE - FUEL AND
34 NAVIGATION CONTROL
35 OXYGEN 74 IGNITION
36 PNEUMATIC 75 BLEED AIR
37 VACUUM 76 ENGINE CONTROLS
38 WATER / WASTE 77 ENGINE INDICATING
39 ELECTRICAL - 78 EXHAUST
ELECTRONIC PANELS AND 79 OIL

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MULTIPURPOSE 80 STARTING
COMPONENTS 81 TURBINES
41 WATER BALLAST (RECIPROCATING ENGINES)
45 CENTRAL MAINTENANCE 82 WATER INJECTION
SYSTEM (CMS) 83 ACCESSORY GEAR
BOXES (ENGINE DRIVEN)
84 PROPULSION
AUGMENTATION
91 CHARTS

GENERAL
AILERON AND TAB That portion of the systems which controls
the position and movement of the
ailerons/elevons and tabs. Includes items
such as the control wheels, cables,
boosters, linkages, control surfaces,
indicators, etc.
RUDDER / That portion of the systems which controls
RUDDEVATOR AND the position and movement of the rudder /
TAB ruddevator and rudder tabs. Includes
items such as the rudder pedals, tab
control wheel, cables, boosters, linkages,
control surfaces, position indicators, etc.
ELEVATOR AND TAB That portion of the systems which controls
the position and movement of the elevator
/ elevon and tabs. Includes items such as
the control column, stickshaker units,
automatic stall recovery devices, tab
control wheels, cables, boosters,
linkages, control surfaces, position
indicators, stall warning systems, etc.
HORIZONTAL That portion of the system which controls
STABILIZER / the position and movement of the
STABILATOR horizontal stabilizer/canard. Includes
items such as control handle, cables,
jackscrews, motors, warning systems,
linkages, control surfaces, position
indicators, etc.
FLAPS That portion of the systems which controls
the position and movement of the trailing
edge flaps. Includes items such as control
handles, cables, actuators, warning
systems, linkages, control surfaces,
position indicators, etc.
SPOILER, DRAG That portion of the systems which controls
DEVICES AND the position and movement of the
VARIABLE spoilers, drag devices and variable
AERODYNAMIC aerodynamic fairings. Includes fairings.
FAIRINGS Includes items such as control handles,
cables, warning systems, linkages,

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spoilers, drag devices, position indicators,
etc.

GUST LOCK AND That portion of the systems which


DAMPER protects the control surfaces from
movement by wind while the aircraft is on
the ground. Does not include locking the
control by means of flight control boost
system.
LIFT AUGMENTING That portion of the systems which controls
the position and movement of variable
opening wings slots, leading edge wing
flaps, and other similar auxiliary devices
used for increasing aerodynamic lift.
Includes items such as control handles,
cables, actuators, linkages, warning
systems, control surfaces, position
indicators, etc. Does not include trailing
edge flaps.

FUEL Those units and components which store


and deliver fuel to the engine. Includes
engine driven fuel pumps for reciprocating
engines, includes tanks (bladder), valves,
boost pumps, etc., and those components
which furnish a means of dumping fuel
overboard. Includes integral and tip fuel
tank leak detection and sealing. Does not
include the structure of integral or tip fuel
tanks and the fuel cell backing boards
which are covered in the Structures
Chapters, and does not include fuel flow
rate sensing, transmitting and / or
indicating, which are covered in Chapter
73.

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Reading section. Short story
“FLYING”

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