Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Information System:
user's guide
Robert M. Russell David A. Sharpnack Elliot L. Amidon
PACIFIC
SOUTHWEST
Forest and Range
Experiment Station
FOREST SERVICE
U.S.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
P. 0 . BOX 245, BERKELEY, CALJFORNIA 94701
Oxford:624:U681.3:(084.3)
The Authors
Page
7. Program Notes
7.1 Computer System ................................. 24
8 . Appendixes ........................................ 27
PREFACE
The Wildland Resource Information System The scanning operation stores the map in digital
(WRIS) is a computerized system for storing and form on magnetic tape. This tape is condensed by a
manipulating data about land areas. The resource computer program (FREQTB) which also prints out
manager defines a geographic area by drawing a the grid so it can be checked for errors. The grid
boundary around it on a map. In nature, such bound- consists of zeroes and ones: zeroes for the areas be-
aries are irregular in shape. We retain their shapes tween lines, and ones for the points falling on poly-
within the system by representing them mathemati- gon boundary lines.
cally as multiple-edged polygons. Polygons are the The POLLY program then converts this grid into a
fundamental building blocks of WRIS. They can file of polygons and attaches a label to each. When
represent timber stands, soil types, alternative treat- this is done for each layer on each township, a com-
ments, and many other categories. WRIS has so far plete data base becomes available for a Forest. Other
been used mostly for timber management; therefore programs are used to combine layers (MOSAIC), ac-
examples and terminology in this report are taken cumulate acreage totals (TALLY), and draw the maps
from that activity. But the system can be put to work on a digital plotter (CHART).
in other fields-even those outside of forestry. If a map sheet is extremely simple, containing few
A group of polygons forms a map. The mosaic of boundary lines, most of the scanned points are
polygons must exhaust the surface area, but polygons zeroes. It is more efficient t o hand digitize this kind
must not overlap each other. All polygons on one of map and t o process it through the HANDY pro-
map must be from the same layer (sometimes called gram instead of using FREQTB.
an overlay by other workers). The layer can represent WRIS was developed by the Station's research unit
one kind of attribute, such as timber type. Other investigating measurement and analysis techniques for
layers may be constructed, defining different attrib- management planning. This User's Guide provides
utes of the same ground area. To handle combina- detailed information about how t o use the computer
tions of attributes, WRIS can overlay any two layers. programs of the system. For a fuller description of
The attribute of a polygon is expressed as a label, the development and characteristics of WRIS and for
consisting of from 1 t o 3 6 characters. Each polygon production information, see the companion report
must have a label attached t o it. A label is not unique WRIS: A Resource Information System for Wildland
-it may occur many times on a map, once for every Management (USDA Forest Service Research Paper
polygon containing the same attribute. The polygons PSW-107). Copies are available upon request to:
on a map are assigned unique serial numbers, called
item numbers, for identification purposes. Director
WRIS can be applied t o an entire National Forest Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment
by dividing the Forest into townships (quadrangle Station
sheets would be better) and by processing the maps as P.O. Box 245
separate units. Each layer on a township map is Berkeley, California 94701
drawn separately with inked lines on 24- by 24-inch Attention: Publication Distribution
(610 m m by 610 mm) paper by using a scale of 4
inches per mile. (Other scales and smaller map sheets The WRIS computer programs are also available
are possible.) Then we scan it on a microdensitometer upon request. They will be copied on a magnetic tape,
with a grid spacing of .024 inch (.61 mm). Our scan- t o be supplied by the requestor. Before sending the
ner requires transparencies no larger than 9 inches tape, the requestor should contact this Station (At-
(229 mm) on a side, so the map needs t o be reduced tention: Computer Services Librarian), at the above
photographically. address, and give the tape format desired.
1. PREPARING MAPS 2. DIGITIZING A MAP WITH A SCANNING
DENSITOMETER
Preparing maps c o r r e c t l y i s t h e s i n g l e
most important s t e p i n t h e d i g i t i z i n g pro- 2.1 Equipment
cess. Eliminating e r r o r s a t t h i s s t e p has
a g r e a t e r impact on c o s t than doing s o a t In d i g i t i z i n g with scanning densitometer
any o t h e r s t a g e . These two sources of t h e o p t i c a l d e n s i t y of a map i s measured a t
e r r o r s can be eliminated: poor ink l i n e every p o i n t . For t h e i n v e n t o r i e s o f t h e
q u a l i t y and l o g i c a l map e r r o r s . Eldorado and S t a n i s l a u s National Forests w
used a Photometric Data Systems PDS-1010.1'
Ink l i n e s should be of uniform width R e l a t i v e l y slow but a c c u r a t e , t h i s f l a t - b e d
and uniform d e n s i t y . Moving t h e pen t o o densitometer uses orthogonal lead screws
r a p i d l y along a s t r a i g h t edge when inking and stepping motors t o provide a r a s t e r
s t r a i g h t boundaries produces a t h i n , weak scan of t r a n s p a r e n t m a t e r i a l . Output i s
l i n e . A good q u a l i t y inking job can com- a 1 0 - b i t d e n s i t y f o r each spot i n t h e r a s t e r .
p l e t e l y eliminate t h e need t o make cor- These d e n s i t i e s a r e w r i t t e n on magnetic tape
rections i n l a t e r stages. a t 556 b p i . The 10-bit d e n s i t y provides
a gray-scale of 1024 l e v e l s . The scanner
The most common l o g i c a l e r r o r s t h a t bed has a 9-by 9-inch (229 mm) scan a r e a .
can be eliminated a t t h i s s t a g e a r e polygons To accommodate t h e bed s i z e and t h e need
without l a b e l s and two d i f f e r e n t l a b e l s i n f o r using a transparency, a photographic
one polygon. The l a t t e r e r r o r may occur reduction negative i s scanned r a t h e r than
because t h e s i z e and shape obscure t h e t h e o r i g i n a l map. Therefore, t h e u s e r has
f a c t t h a t it i s one polygon. I t may a l s o wide choice of map s i z e and m a t e r i a l .
occur because t h e l i n e s e p a r a t i n g two poly-
gons was not inked. 2.2 Aperture and Spacing A l t e r n a t i v e s
644C 9)
602C 10)
541C 11)
427C 12)
383C 13)
347C 14)
354C 15)
304C 18)
I
density
adjustment
factc
Figure 5--A binary map was produced from the densities of figure 3,
but the threshold used was too low.
00000100000000000001100100000000000000000001100000000000000000000
. 00000010000000000001001000000000000000001111000000000000000000000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 7 - 4 binary map was produced 00110000000110000000001110110000000000001100000000001100000000000
from the densities of figure
3 with a 01100000000110000000011001100000000000000100000000001100000000000
11000000000111110001110011000000000000000110000000001100000000000
threshold that was too high. 11000000000001111111001110000000000000000011100000011000000000000
10000000000000000000011100000000000000000001111111110000000000000
00000000000000000000111000000000000000000000011111000000000000000
00000000000100000011100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000001111111111000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
00000000111000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
oooooooiiioooooooooooooooooooorinnoonooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
Figure 8-FREQTB printout of
binary map in figure 5.
master l a b e l l i s t . 120:07:30.0;
MAP CONTROL P~INTS=100,100,102,1322,
When a l l decks have been processed t h e 1380,1318,1318,100;
master l a b e l f i l e w i l l contain a complete GRID CONTROL POINTS=474,2,3,3,4,494,
l i s t o f a l l l a b e l s which occur a t l e a s t once 473,471$
on a s e t o f maps. Any new o r changed l a b e l s OUTPUT UNIT=B$
which a r e p u t i n t h e l a b e l deck during 'ADDS MAP 236'
e d i t i n g w i l l be flagged by POLLY. This 10,16 $
procedure provides an a d d i t i o n a l chance t o 'DELETES MAP 236'
check t h e l a b e l a g a i n s t t h e coding r u l e s . 388,48, L390A391.451 , 392,44,393,
I f t h e l a b e l i s c o r r e c t l y constructed it 43, [397,44~45] $
can be added t o t h e master l a b e l l i s t . FILE . (ALPHA/ LABELS)
LS 300 1200, RL 600 700$
4.3 E x t r a c t i n g Polygons from Binary Map
(POLLY) Limitations
0 0 0
0 00 0
0 0
Figure 13--Results of thinning the examples
0 0
0 0
in figure 11 without making ADDS.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
000000000000 0000000
0
00 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0000000000000000 0000
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0000000000 0000000000
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 00000 00000000000
0 00 0
0 0 000 0
0 0 00 0
0 0 00 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 00 0
0 0 00 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 000 0
0 0 0 00000
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 00 00 0
0 0 0 0
@ RUN SMITH,l23456,2,50
The map i s drawn i n two colors--the
@ CTL CLS=N
polygons i n one c o l o r and t h e i r l a b e l s @ ASG A=9701
i n another. Also p l o t t e d a r e t h e c o n t r o l @W ASG B=8728
p o i n t s , t h e x and y s c a l e s i n map coordinates,
k? ASG X=3703
and a t i t l e , which i s an e x t r a c t of t h e header
@ N CUR
record.
IN x
TRI X
Several options a r e a v a i l a b l e , such
@ N XQT CHART
a s p l o t t i n g only a p o r t i o n o f t h e map
FQREST=ELDQW~; MAP=33; LAYER=TIMBER;
defined by giving a l i s t of item numbers,
INPUT uNIT=A$
o r blowing up t h e p l o t by including a
P L ~ TTAPE=B;
magnification f a c t o r . And t o i d e n t i f y t h e
RECTANGLE=1500,2000,1700,2400;
polygons t h e r e i s a choice of p l o t t i n g
MAGNIFICATION=Z; PL9T LABELS $
l a b e l s , l a b e l numbers, o r item numbers.
@umbering i s t h e same a s on t h e p r i n t o u t . ) P l o t t i n g on t h e E A l 430:
I f a Cal Comp p l o t t e r i s used, s e v e r a l
maps can be p l o t t e d i n a s i n g l e run by
The ASG card f o r t h e p l o t t a p e must
r e p e a t i n g input card Sections 2 and 3
have t h e H option and t h e r e i s a d i f f e r e n t
(below) f o r each map t o be p l o t t e d . The
program t a p e . In our example, t h e ASG
same output t a p e must be used f o r a l l of
cards f o r B and X become:
them.
@WH ASG B=8728
Input Cards:
k? ASG X=3952
1. System cards
6.2 S t o r i n g Several Maps on One Tape (FLEET)
2. Header record of t h e map t o be The purpose of FLEET i s t o copy f i l e s
p l o t t e d . The f o r e s t , map number, and l a y e r
(maps) from s e v e r a l tapes onto one tape
a r e required. Also include t h e input u n i t .
f o r more compact s t o r a g e . I t can a l s o be
used j u s t t o copy a t a p e .
3. Control c a r d s . A semicolon
s e p a r a t e s c o n t r o l c a r d s . Punch a d o l l a r
Copying i s c o n t r o l l e d by a sequence of
s i g n a t t h e end.
header records, each containing an I 0 u n i t
name, punched on i n p u t c a r d s . As with t a p e 4000.
t h e o t h e r programs, only t h e minimum iden-
t i f i c a t i o n i s r e q u i r e d on t h e header @ RUN JIM,583301,2,150
c a r d s , namely F o r e s t , Map Number, and @ CTL CLS=N
Layer. Any o t h e r information i s f o r @ ASG E=7000
c o r r e c t i o n o r expansion of t h e e x i s t i n g @ ASG F=4000
header r e c o r d on t a p e . With t a p e i n p u t , @ ASG X=3951
omission of F o r e s t , Map, and Layer i n p u t s @ N CUR
whatever f i l e i s next on t h e t a p e ; s p e c i f y - IN X
i n g F o r e s t , Map, and Layer causes a search TRI X
through t h e t a p e u n t i l t h a t f i l e i s found. @ N XQT GgSSIP
INPUT UNIT=E; FPREST=ELD~RAD~;
Example of Input Deck: MAP=51; LAYER=TIMBER $
INPUT UNIT=F $
This deck copies two f i l e s from t a p e
1000 and one f i l e from t a p e 2000, w r i t i n g 6.4 P r i n t i n g General Summary o f a Map (RUMgR)
them onto t a p e 3000.
The RUMPR program i s s i m i l a r t o GgSSIP,
@ RUN MAC,583301,3,50 but p r i n t s l e s s d e t a i l e d information about
@ CTL CLS=N t h e polygons. I t i s intended more f o r
@ ASG A=1000 t h e worker i n t h e f i e l d . In p r a c t i c a l
@ ASG B=2000 usage, such a s i n keypunching, it i s
@W ASG C=3000 i d e n t i c a l t o GOSSIP i n a l l r e s p e c t s except
@ ASG X=3950 f o r two c a r d s : t h e ASG X c a r d , which i s
@ N CUR
IN X @ ASG X=3955
TRI X
@ N XQT FLEET and t h e XQT c a r d , which i s
INPUT UNIT=A; F ~ R E S T = E L D ~ RMAP=10;
AD~;
LAYER=TIMBER$ @ N XQT RUMOR
OUTPUT UNIT=C$
INPUT UNIT=A; FgREST-ELDPRADP; MAP=11; 6.5 Housekeeping Program (SIGNAL).
LAYER=TIMBER$
~ U T P U TUNIT=C$ I f WRIS i s used f o r a l a r g e d a t a b a s e ,
INPUT UNIT=B; FOREST=ELDORADg; MAP=55; ( f o r example, 100 maps having 1000 d i s t i n c t
LAYER=TIMBER$ l a b e l s ) , keeping t r a c k of t h e maps a s they
gUTPUT UNIT=C$ a r e processed becomes i t s e l f a c o n s i d e r a b l e
d a t a handling problem. A record must be
6.3 P r i n t i n g Diagnostic Summary of a Map kept of what s t a g e of processing each map
(GgSSIP) i s i n , what t a p e it i s on, and so f o r t h .
Each o f t h e thousands of polygons has a
GgSSIP p r i n t s a d e t a i l e d summary of l a b e l , and it must be checked a g a i n s t a
a l l polygons on a map so t h a t e d i t i n g can master l i s t of v a l i d l a b e l s .
be done and e r r o r s d e t e c t e d . The map t o
be p r i n t e d and t h e u n i t it i s on a r e SIGNAL i s designed t o a s s i s t i n t h e s e
i d e n t i f i e d by a header r e c o r d punched on housekeeping chores. I t enables t h e u s e r t o
c a r d s . Any number of maps can be p r i n t e d e s t a b l i s h and maintain a f i l e of information
by punching a s e r i e s of header r e c o r d s . about h i s maps on a drum o r d i s k u n i t . A
" f i l e " c o n s i s t s of a c o l l e c t i o n of "records,"
When i n p u t i s from t a p e some s h o r t - and each record c o n t a i n s a "keyw by which
it i s i d e n t i f i e d . Two d i f f e r e n t kinds of
c u t s a r e p o s s i b l e . A s with t h e o t h e r
f i l e s a r e p o s s i b l e , a "catalogue f i l e v
programs, t h e f i l e s p e c i f i e d on c a r d s i s
searched f o r on t h e t a p e . Therefore, any o r a "master l a b e l f i l e . " In a catalogue
i n t e r v e n i n g unwanted f i l e s can be d i s - f i l e t h e r e i s one record f o r each map,
regarded. But i f more than one f i l e i s c o n s i s t i n g of a p o r t i o n of i t s header r e c o r d
wanted from a t a p e each must be processed p l u s a few o t h e r p i e c e s o f information.
i n o r d e r because a t a p e i s n o t backed up. A l l e n t r i e s i n a catalogue f i l e p e r t a i n t o
Another s h o r t c u t allows p r i n t i n g all f i l e s one f o r e s t . In a master l a b e l f i l e t h e r e
on a t a p e by punching j u s t "INPUT UNIT = i s one record f o r each l a y e r i n a f o r e s t , and
s e v e r a l f o r e s t s may be intermingled i n one
something $ ."
f i l e , i f desired.
Example. This job p r i n t s out one Catalogue f i l e : The permissable items
f i l e from t a p e 7000 and a l l f i l e s on i n a record a r e : MAP, LAYER, L ~ C A T I ~DA
, TE
OF ORIGIN, GEOGRAPHIC C0NTR0L POINTS, START FILE. ( f i l e name)
MAP CONTROL POINTS, PROJECTION, ZONE, FILE. ( f i l e name)
ENVELOPE, P~LYG~N REEL, BACKUP REEL, GRID
REEL. Most of t h e s e can be copied d i r e c t l y Use one of t h e s e c a r d s t o name t h e
from a header r e c o r d p r i n t o u t , u s i n g t h e f i l e t h a t subsequent c o n t r o l c a r d s w i l l
same format. A s f o r t h e o t h e r s , an example o p e r a t e on. This f i l e name remains i n
is t h e best description: e f f e c t u n t i l a n o t h e r START FILE o r FILE
c a r d i s encountered. The f i l e name
DATE Q ~ FORIGIN = 06 JAN 74; must be a l r e a d y known t o t h e o p e r a t i n g
PROJECTION = STATE PLANE; system. FILE assumes t h a t a previous
ZdNE = 13; POLYGON REEL = 9117,4; SIGNAL run h a s s t o r e d something i n t o t h e
BACKUP REEL = 5093,9; GRID REEL=7195,2$ f i l e and t h a t you a r e now updating it.
But t h e f i r s t time, use START FILE t o
I n t h e l a s t t h r e e i t e m s , you have t h e t a p e i n i t i a l i z e . The START FILE c a r d r e q u i r e s
r e e l number followed by t h e p o s i t i o n on t h e an a d d i t i o n a l c o n t r o l c a r d c o n t a i n i n g
r e e l (assuming more t h a n onemap p e r r e e l ) . two items. For a c a t a l o g u e f i l e :
The r e t r i e v a l key f o r a r e c o r d i n t h i s kind
o f f i l e i s t h e map number. For keypunching ID = f o r e s t ; TYPE = CATALYGUE$
r u l e s f o r header r e c o r d s , s e e S e c t i o n 7 . 3 . 2 .
For a master l a b e l f i l e :
Master l a b e l f i l e : A r e c o r d i s a
l i s t of a l l p e r m i s s i b l e l a b e l s f o r one ID = anything; TYPE = MASTER LABEL
f o r e s t / l a y e r combination. The key i s a FILE$
s t r i n g o f c h a r a c t e r s composed o f t h e f o r e s t
name, a s l a s h , and t h e l a y e r name. Do On l a t e r r u n s , when t h e FILE c a r d i s used,
n o t have b l a n k s b e f o r e o r a f t e r t h e s l a s h . t h e above c o n t r o l c a r d i s not used
When e n t e r i n g a l i s t o f l a b e l s , punch them because t h e information i s i n t h e f i l e .
on c a r d s i n t h e s t a n d a r d format f o r a
l a b e l l i s t (See S e c t i o n 4.2) CHECKPOINT 0UT. ( t a p e name)
6. (1) r e p l a c e s - , (2) r e p l a c e s = ,
(3) r e p l a c e s ,
7. Each l a b e l i s followed by i t s x
and y c o o r d i n a t e s ( i n hundredths
o f an i n c h , a s i n t e g e r s ) by u s i n g
one o r more blanks a s s e p a r a t o r s
between them. Then, i f a n o t h e r
B--Major F o r e s t Type Assignments
MAJOR
FOREST
TYPE VEGETATIVE TYPE
------ ---------------
A A
MAJOR
FOREST
TYPE VEGETATIVE TYPE
D.5A
D.58
D.6
KP.6
MC. 1
MAJOR
FOREST
TYPE
------
MC. 5 B
P. 4B
P.5A
P.56
PP. 1
PP.2
PP. 3A
MAJOR
FOREST
TYPE
------
RF. 2
RF. 3 A
RF. 3 B
RF. 4A
RF . 4 B
MAJOR
FOREST
TYPE
RF. 5B
RF.6
SA. 1
SA. 2
SA. 3 A
SA. 3 B
SA.4B
SA. 5 A
SA. 5 B
SA. 6
C--Scanning Map N e g a t i v e s on t h e PDS-1010 i n t h e x - p o s i t i o n d i s p l a y . Scan t h e n o r t h
Microdensitometer edge t o f i n d zero-y, keeping t h e map edge
above t h e c r o s s h a i r s i n t h e viewing s c r e e n .
Turn on t h e s c a n n e r power, lamp, P r e s s t h e "Enter y" button s o zeroes show
v o l t a g e , x-motor, and y-motor. Make s u r e i n t h e y - p o s i t i o n d i s p l a y . To minimize
t h e Manual Automatic s w i t c h i s i n t h e t h e scan a r e a (thus scan time and p r o c e s s i n g
Manual mode b e f o r e t u r n i n g on t h e d a t a t i m e a l s o ) , t h e s t a g e may be r o t a t e d by
a c q u i s i t i o n s y s t e m (DAS) power and t h e n hand t o l i n e up t h e map edges with t h e x
t h e t a p e u n i t power. Allow a 30-minute and y zero-axes. Scan t h e e a s t edge t o
warm-up p e r i o d . During t h i s w a i t c l e a n f i n d t h e maximum x value i n pm, keeping
t h e s c a n n e r and t a p e u n i t . map edge t o t h e r i g h t of t h e c r o s s h a i r s .
E n t e r t h e maximum x value i n t h e "Final
P o s i t i o n t h e s c a n n e r upper and lower x" thumbwheel switches. I f t h i s number
o p t i c s t o t h e a p e r t u r e ( s l i t ) and magnifica- i s n o t a m u l t i p l e of t h e pmlreading f o r
t i o n s e l e c t e d f o r t h e m a t e r i a l t o be x , each scan l i n e w i l l be ended a t t h e
s c a n n e d . Turn s c a n n e r x and y s t e p p i n g n e x t such m u l t i p l e . Scan t h e s o u t h edge
motors t o p r o p e r gearbox p o s i t i o n s f o r t o f i n d t h e maximum y value. Divide t h i s
d e s i r e d pm/step. (Do n o t use 2 . 4 ) . v a l u e by t h e pm/reading f o r y. I f t h e
number d i v i d e s evenly, add one t o t h e
S e t t h e thumbwheel s w i t c h e s f o r t h e q u o t i e n t . Otherwise, add two t o t h e
DAS program l o c a t i o n a t 400 and t h e r e c o r d q u o t i e n t . Enter t h e r e s u l t i n g v a l u e i n
l e n g t h a t 999. The x-, y-, and manual-data- t h e "Number of Scans" thumbwheel s w i t c h e s .
i n c l u d e s w i t c h e s must be o f f . S e t t h e x and
y um/step thumbwheel s w i t c h e s t o same Drive t h e s t a g e back t o t h e o r i g i n
v a l u e s a s t h e s t e p p i n g motor g e a r b o x e s . (NW c o r n e r of map). Press t h e DAS Reset
S e t t h e x and y s t e p s / r e a d i n g t o o b t a i n b u t t o n , l o c a t e d below t h e "Final x"
t h e s e l e c t e d s p a c i n g of d e n s i t y r e a d i n g s . s w i t c h e s s o t h e value of t h e f u n c t i o n c o u n t e r
P r e s e t / R e s e t t o g g l e s w i t c h e s must be a t shows zero. This w i l l a l s o i n i t i a l i z e t h e
R e s e t (down) f o r b o t h x and y . S e t s t a g e d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n system. The Program
t r a v e l d i r e c t i o n s , using right-arrow f o r Address l i g h t s must show 4008 and t h e Con-
x and up jrrow f o r y. S e t t h e 1 2 t h ( r i g h t t e n t s l i g h t s must show 2400. Turn t h e
hand) thumbwheel manual d a t a s w i t c h t o C l e a r / P r e s l i t knob t o P r e s l i t . S e l e c t
one, t o c o r r e s p o n d w i t h t h e y s t a g e Auto on t h e Manual/Auto b u t t o n . P r e s s
d i r e c t i o n . The f i r s t t e n manual d a t a t h e Program I n i t i a t e b u t t o n t o s t a r t
s w i t c h e s c o n t a i n t h e map number, r i g h t - scanner.
j u s t i f i e d . The 1 1 t h manual d a t a s w i t c h
i s n o t used f o r t h e hlRIS programs and i s When scan i s f i n i s h e d , f i r s t s e l e c t
b e s t l e f t a t z e r o . The t a p e d i s a b l e Manual on t h e ManualIAuto b u t t o n and C l e a r
switch should be o f f unless a t e s t i s t o on t h e C l e a r / P r e s l i t knob. Check f o r
be made w i t h o u t r e c o r d i n g . r e a s o n a b l e p o s i t i o n of NW map c o r n e r i n
r e l a t i o n t o c r o s s h a i r s on viewer. Check
When u n i t s have warmed up, mount and f o r z e r o v a l u e s i n p r e s e n t x and y p o s i t i o n
l o a d a t a p e . With t h e C l e a r / P r e s l i t knob d i s p l a y s and f o r t h e c o r r e c t number o f
on C l e a r s o t h a t t h e e n t i r e viewing s c r e e n scans i n the function counter display.
i s i l l u m i n a t e d , f o c u s t h e u p p e r o p t i c s on I f t h i s was t h e l a s t scan f o r t h i s t a p e ,
an empty s t a g e . Then t u r n t h e knob add two manual f i l e marks b e f o r e rewinding.
( c o u n t e r - c l o c k w i s e always) t o P r e s l i t and Otherwise, do n o t add any f i l e marks.
f o c u s t h e lower o p t i c s , making s u r e t h e Change t h e n e g a t i v e and proceed w i t h t h e
crosshairs are centered i n t h e illuminated n e x t scan job.
c i r c l e . C a l i b r a t e t h e d e n s i t o m e t e r on
P r e s l i t a s d i r e c t e d on p a g e s 68-70 o f
t h e PDS M i c r o d e n s i t o m e t e r T e c h n i c a l Manual.
P l a c e t h e n e g a t i v e on t h e c l e a n
s t a g e , w i t h t h e n o r t h edge away from t h e
o p e r a t o r and west edge toward h i s r i g h t .
Tape f i l m a t c o r n e r s , making s u r e it i s
f l a t and t i g h t . Refocus u p p e r and lower
o p t i c s on a l i n e i n t h e a r e a t o b e s c a n n e d .
Scan t h e west edge t o f i n d z e r o - x , k e e p i n g
t h e map edge t o t h e l e f t o f t h e c r o s s -
h a i r s i n t h e viewing screen. Press t h e
" E n t e r x" b u t t o n s o t h a t z e r o e s show