SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

1) What is deltree command?

Short for delete tree, deltree is a command used to delete files and directories permanently from
the computer. The deltree is an external command. Deletes a directory and all the subdirectories
and files in it.

To delete one or more files and directories: DELTREE [/Y] [drive:]path [[drive:]path[...]]
/Y Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to delete the subdirectory.
[drive:]path Specifies the name of the directory you want to delete.

2) Define Control Panel.

The Control Panel is a feature of the Windows operating system that allows the user to modify
system settings and controls. It includes several small applications, or control panels, that can be
used to view and change hardware or software settings. Some examples of hardware control
panels are Display, Keyboard, and Mouse settings. Software control panels include Date and
Time, Power Options, Fonts, and Administrative Tools.

3) What is Cascading Menu?

A secondary menu that appears while you are holding the cursor over an item on the primary
menu. A menu system that displays submenus off to the side when selected. In Windows, the
Programs submenu in the Start menu is cascaded to the right side when selected.

4) How to hide a slide in a Presentation?

Hide a Slide

1. Navigate to the slide which you would like hidden in your presentation.
2. Click the "Slide Show" menu and select "Hide Slide" from the menu that appears.
3. The slide which you are currently viewing will now be hidden from your presentation. (You
may still edit the slide as usual, however.)

5) What is slide master?

Each PowerPoint template comes with a Slide Master. The Slide Master controls the overall
formatting and object placement for the presentation — font type, size, color, background color,
graphics and certain special effects like text shadowing. When we want to make a global change
to the look of slides, we don’t have to change each slide individually; just make the change once
on the Slide Master, and that change is reflected on every slide. For example, if we change the
font in the Slide Master, it automatically changes the font on all of the slides. If you put a logo on
the Slide Master, the logo will appear on every slide.

6) How to add sound and video effects in a Presentation?

Insert a movie using Clip Organizer

 Display the slide in which you want to add a video clip.

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 On the Insert menu, point to Movies and Sounds, and then click Movie from Clip
Organizer.
You can now browse the Clip Organizer for a movie clip. PowerPoint will open the Clip
Art task pane and will select the Movies option in the Results should be drop-down list.
You can use the Clip Art task pane to locate a video clip stored on your computer.
 Click the movie you want to add to your slide.

Insert a movie from a file

You can insert a movie from a movie file on a local disk, a shared network location, or an
Internet site.
 On the Insert menu, point to Movies and Sounds, and then click Movie from File.
 Select the movie file in the Insert Movie dialog box, and then click the OK button.

7) What is a Query?

A query (noun) is a question, often required to be expressed in a formal way. Languages used to
interact with databases are called query.

8) What is a data slide?

9) Give the difference between toggle and title case.

With toggle case we can convert the characters from Capital to Small and Small to Capital.
And with Title case we can is writing a word with its first letter as an upper-case letter and the
remaining letters in lower-case letters, in those writing systems which have a case distinction.

10) What is a master document?

A master is used document to organize and maintain a long document by dividing it into smaller,
more manageable subdocuments.

11) What is the use of FDSK command?

fdsk (for "fixed disk") is a commonly used name for a command-line utility that provides disk
partitioning functions.

12) Give the different ways for creating New Folder?

 The most basic keyboard shortcut with which you can create new folder is the following
keys combination, press Alt + f then press w then press f – do this very quickly you will
see a new folder created in the directory in which you are in windows explorer.
 Open My Computer or Windows Explorer
1) Open the drive you wish to create a folder on, for example: the C: drive.
2) If you do not wish to create a folder in the root directory, browse to the location
you wish to create a folder, and then click File, then Folder; or right-click on a
blank portion of the folder, click New and click Folder.
13) What is annotation?
Annotation is an easy to use application that allows you to code events in terms of their type,
onset, and duration. You can use Annotation not only to generate organized audio or video clips.
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SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
14) How to define Bookmark?

An identifier placed in a document so that part of the document can be accessed easily.

15) Give the difference between paste and paste special?

there is normal pasting which is normally done with images, text, etc, then there is special pasting
which allows you to copy a section of text from word for example and past it into another word
program as a picture eg.

It just allows you to copy one type of information and paste it as another.

The paste special command has a number of useful tools built into it. Besides allowing you to
paste values, it also allows you to transpose lists (columns to rows or rows to columns), multiply,
add, skip blanks and paste links. The paste special command has a number of useful tools built
into it. Besides allowing you to paste values, it also allows you to transpose lists (columns to rows
or rows to columns), multiply, add, skip blanks and paste links.

16) What is the use of sort, how to apply it?

With the help of sort we can arrange data in acceding or descending manner.

17) What is Icon? Explain in short.

An icon is a graphic image, a small picture or object that represents a file, program, web page, or
command. Icons help you execute commands, open programs or documents quickly. To execute a
command by using an icon, click or double-click on the icon. It is also useful to recognize quickly
an object in a browser list. For example, all documents using the same extension have the same
icon.

18) Give the full name of RAM and ROM.

Ram: Random Access Memory.

Rom: Read Only Memory.

19) What is EDVAC?

EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) was one of the earliest electronic
computers.

20) 2MB= __________ KB.

1024KB=1MB.
2048KB=2MB.

21) What is Desktop?

A desktop is a computer display area that represents the kinds of objects one might find on a real
desktop: documents, phonebook, telephone, reference sources, writing (and possibly drawing)
tools, project folders. A desktop can be contained in a window that is part of the total display area
or can be "full-screen" (the total display area).

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SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
22) Give the command to change the dir.

CD
CD (Change Directory) is a command used to switch directories in MS-DOS. The CD command
is an internal command.

Example:
To change to the parent directory.
C:\Work> CD..

23) How many Hardware devices available in our PC?

24) What is Software?

Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate computers and
related devices. Software is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs,
procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on an operating system.
In Simple words you can say software is the way to perform different tasks electronically.

25) What is Modem?

Modem, short for modulator-demodulator is an electronic device that converts a computer’s

digital signals into specific frequencies to travel over telephone or cable television lines.
Computers use modems to communicate with one another over a network.

26) What is Networking?

In the world of computers, networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices
together for the purpose of sharing data. Networks are built with a mix of computer hardware and
computer software.

27) What is the use of “format painter” in Microsoft Excel?

The Format Painter is great for copying formatting from one cell to another.

28) How to hide and unhide the worksheet in Excel?

Hide a worksheet using these steps:

 Select the worksheet you want to hide.

 Choose Sheet from the Format menu. Excel displays a submenu.
 Choose the Hide option from the submenu.

The worksheet is immediately hidden. Once hidden, there is no way to tell it is missing, as
there is with hidden rows and columns.

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SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
Unhide worksheets using these steps:

 Choose Sheet from the Format menu. Excel displays a submenu.

 Choose Unhide from the submenu. This displays the Unhide dialog box.
 Select the worksheet name you want to unhide.
 Click on OK.

29) How to change the line spacing in PowerPoint slide?

 On the slide, select the paragraphs whose spacing you want to change.
 On the Format menu, click Line Spacing.
 Do any or all of the following:
1) To change the spacing above and within a paragraph, under Line spacing, type or click
the arrows to change the number.
2) To change the spacing above a paragraph, under Before paragraph, type or click the
arrows to change the number.
3) To change the spacing below a paragraph, under After paragraph, type or click the
arrows to change the number.

30) What do you mean by Scatter graphs?

A scatter graph, also known as a coordinate graph, a coordinate plot, or a scatter plot, is a graph
with coordinates.

31) What is the use of ‘DAYS360’ Function?

In Excel, the Days360 function returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day
year.
The syntax for the Days360 function is:
Days360 ( start_date, end_date, method )
start_date and end_date are the two dates to calculate the difference between.

32) What is the main difference between coping and moving the group of cell from one location to
another?

33) What do you mean by freeze pane?

Freeze Pane allows you to "freeze" certain areas or panes of the spreadsheet so that they remain
visible at all times when scrolling to the right or down. Keeping headings on the screen makes it
easier to read your data throughout the entire spreadsheet.

34) How to print a Presentation?

Once your slides are completed in PowerPoint, you may want to print the presentation. Open the
Print dialog box by choosing File > Print from the menu or use the shortcut keys Ctrl + P.

35) What do you mean by Outline View?

Outline View shows all the text of all slides in the presentation, in PowerPoint. No graphics are
shown in Outline View. This view is useful for editing purposes and can be exported out as a
Word document to use as a summary handout.
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SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
36) Give any two file management command in DOS.

CHKDSK:
Checks a disk and provides a file and memory status report.

Syntax:
CHKDSK [d:][path][filename] [/F][/V]

/F - Corrects errors when it finds them. If CHKDSK finds lost clusters (parts of files or programs
that have become separated from the rest of the file) it will write the lost segment to new files and
provide the filename FILEnnnn (nnnn will be a number starting with 0000).

/V - Displays progress messages while CHKDSK is in operation.

filename - If you enter a filename, CHKDSK also reports how many files are stored in non-
contiguous blocks

REN:
Used to rename files and directories from the original name to a new name. The ren and command
is internal command.

Syntax
Renames a file/directory or files/directories.
REN [drive:][path][directoryname1 | filename1] [directoryname2 | filename2]

FORMAT:
Format is used to erase all of the information off of a computer diskette or fixed drive. The format
command is an external command.

Syntax
format [drive:] [/q] [/fs:file-system]
drive: Specifies the drive to format.
/q Performs a quick format.
/fs:file-system Specifies the file system to use (FAT, FAT32, or NTFS)

37) Define Task Bar.

A bar that by default is located at the bottom of Microsoft Windows. The Taskbar enables users to
quickly and easily locate and launch programs they may be interested in running through Start,
see any program that is currently open, display the time or date, items running in the background
through the Systray, and with later revisions of the Windows operating system, the Quick Launch.

38) Is Word A Package or Language?

Word is a package.

39) What is a use of repeat command?

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SOFTECH COMPUTERS NOTES ON INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

Softech Computer, 103, S.P. Apt, Abv "NEXT" Electronic Shop, Opp Dudhiya Talav shopping Center,
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