KDKA (1020 kHz) is a radio station licensed to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Created by the
Westinghouse Electric Corporation on November 2, 1920, it is the world's first commercially
licensed radio station, a distinction that has also been challenged by other stations. KDKA is
currently owned and operated by CBS Radio and its studios are located at the combined CBS
Radio Pittsburgh facility on Foster Drive in Pittsburgh; its transmitter is in Allison Park.
Westinghouse applied for a callsign in mid-October, 1920. The callsign arrived just in time for
the November 2, 1920, election, and the radio station KDKA was born.[2]The original station was
a shack on top of a Westinghouse building in East Pittsburgh. Conrad was not there to witness
the historical broadcast, however; worried that the station might go down, he was sitting in his
Wilkinsburg garage with his own transmitter as a backup.
Frank Conrad (1874 – 1941) was a radio broadcasting pioneer who worked as the Assistant Chief
Engineer for the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,. He began what are
considered the first regular radio broadcasts from his Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, garage in 1916, and is
responsible for the founding of the first licensed broadcast station in the world: KDKA. Frank was born
May 4, 1874 in Pittsburgh as the son of a railroad mechanic. He quit school in the 7th grade, never
returning to formal schooling again, and went to work for Westinghouse at age 16. At 23 he began
working in the Westinghouse Testing Department, where he developed such inventions as the watt•hour
meter. Conrad was awarded more than 200 patents throughout his life.[1]

Nikola Tesla (Serbian: Никола Тесла; 10 July 1856 – 7 January 1943) was an inventor,
mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer. He was an important contributor to the birth of
commercial electricity, and is best known for his many revolutionary developments in the field
of electromagnetism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Tesla's patents and theoretical
work formed the basis of modern alternating current (AC) electric power systems, including the
polyphase system of electrical distribution and the AC motor. This work helped usher in the
Second Industrial Revolution.
Born an ethnic Serb in the village of Smiljan, in the Austrian Empire, Tesla was a subject of the
Austrian Empire by birth and later became an American citizen.[1] Because of his 1894
demonstration of wireless communication through radio and as the eventual victor in the "War of
Currents", he was widely respected as one of the greatest electrical engineers who worked in
America.[2] He pioneered modern electrical engineering and many of his discoveries were of
groundbreaking importance. In the United States during this time, Tesla's fame rivaled that of
any other inventor or scientist in history or popular culture.[3] Tesla demonstrated wireless energy
transfer to power electronic devices as early as 1893, and aspired to intercontinental wireless
transmission of industrial power in his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower project.
Because of his eccentric personality and his seemingly unbelievable and sometimes bizarre
claims about possible scientific and technological developments, Tesla was ultimately ostracized
and regarded as a mad scientist by many late in his life.[4] Tesla never put much focus on his
finances and died with little funds at the age of 86, alone in the two room hotel suite in which he
lived, in New York City.[5]
The International System of Units unit measuring magnetic field B (also referred to as the
magnetic flux density and magnetic induction), the tesla, was named in his honor (at the
Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, Paris, 1960).
In addition to his work on electromagnetism and electromechanical engineering, Tesla
contributed in varying degrees to the establishment of robotics, remote control, radar, and
computer science, and to the expansion of ballistics, nuclear physics, and theoretical physics.
The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American television network and former
radio network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Rockefeller Center with
additional major offices in Burbank, California and Chicago, Illinois . It is sometimes referred to
as the "Peacock Network" due to its stylized peacock logo, created originally for color
broadcasts.
Formed in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), NBC was the first major broadcast
network in the United States. In 1986, control of NBC passed to General Electric (GE), with
GE's $6.4 billion purchase of RCA. GE had previously owned RCA and NBC until 1930, when it
had been forced to sell the company as a result of antitrust charges. After the acquisition, the
chief executive of NBC was Bob Wright, until he retired, giving his job to Jeff Zucker. The
network is currently part of the media company NBC Universal, a unit of General Electric,
which, on December 1, 2009, purchased the remaining 20% stake of NBC Universal which it did
not already own from Vivendi. On December 3, 2009, Comcast announced it will purchase a
51% stake of NBC Universal.
NBC is available in an estimated 112 million households, 98.6% of those with televisions. NBC
has 10 owned-and-operated stations and nearly 200 affiliates in the United States and its
territories.[2][3]
RCA Corporation, founded as the Radio Corporation of America, was an electronics
company in existence from 1919 to 1986. Currently, the RCA trademark is owned by the French
conglomerate Technicolor SA through RCA Trademark Management S.A., a company owned by
Technicolor. The trademark is used by Sony Music Entertainment and Technicolor, which
licenses the name to other companies like Audiovox and TCL Corporation for products
descended from that common ancestor.[2]
Guglielmo Marconi (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuʎˈʎɛːlmo marˈkoːni]; 25 April 1874– 20 July 1937)
was an Italian inventor, known for his development of Marconi's law and a radio telegraph
system, which served as the foundation for the establishment of numerous affiliated companies
worldwide. He shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in
recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"[1][2][3] and was
ennobled in 1924 as Marchese Marconi. Radio work
During his early years, Marconi had an interest in science and electricity. One of the scientific
developments during this era came from Heinrich Hertz, who, beginning in 1888, demonstrated
that one could produce and detect electromagnetic radiation—now generally known as "radio
waves", at the time more commonly called "Hertzian waves" or "aetheric waves". Hertz's death
in 1894 brought published reviews of his earlier discoveries, and a renewed interest on the part
of Marconi. He was permitted to briefly study the subject under Augusto Righi, a University of
Bologna physicist and neighbour of Marconi who had done research on Hertz's work. Righi had
a subscription to The Electrician where Oliver Lodge published detailed accounts of the
apparatus used in his (Lodge's) public demonstrations of wireless telegraphy in 1894. Marconi
also read about Nikola Tesla's work.[5]
One of the most significant events that shaped the nation was the birth of the Philippine radio. In
June 1922, a couple of 50-watt radio stations were established in Pasay and in Manila by Henry
Hermann. During that time, the Filipinos readily accepted radio news and entertainment
programs, and local businessmen, who recognized its profitability, established their own radio
stations to advertise their products and services.
In 1924, the first two call letters “KZ” was assigned to all radio stations in the Philippines in
accordance with the laws of the United States of America applicable to the country, which was
then an American colony. KZKZ, a 100-watt radio station, replaced the 50-watt radio stations
established earlier by Hermann.

In 1929, KZRC, Radio Cebu, opened in Cebu and introduced radio broadcasting in the province.
However, it was closed down because shortwave relay signals were unsuccessful between Cebu
and Manila. It reopened after a decade and fearlessly went on air with the guerilla movements.
Promulgated in 1931, the Commonwealth Act No. 3840, also known as the Radio Control Law,
created the Radio Control Division, the regulatory body of the broadcast industry under the
supervision of the secretary of commerce and industry. Later, it was renamed Radio Control
Office that lasted until 1972 when President Ferdinand Marcos signed Proclamation No. 1081
and “placed the entire country under martial law” and when the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkasters
sa Pilipinas was established “to police its own rank.”
Shortly after the bombing of the Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, Japanese airplanes bombed Manila and
attacked Davao, Baguio, Clark Field in Pampanga, and the American Naval Base in Cavite. The
Japanese Imperial Army diversionary forces landed in Legaspi, Albay; Aparri, Cagayan; and
Vigan, Ilocos Sur and the main invasion forces landed in Lingayen, Pangasinan. President
Manuel Quezon, Vice President Sergio Osmeña, and Lt Gen Douglas MacArthur left Manila and
departed for Corregidor.
During that time, six commercial radio stations were already established, and these were KZEG,
KZIB, KZRC, KZRF, KZRH, and KZRM. Only one of these radio stations, KZRM, stayed on
the air for a very long period since 1927.

On December 28, 1941, three weeks after the attack of the Pearl Harbor, the United States
provided a shortwave relay station in the Philippines. Radio programs were compiled in
Washington, sent out through the NBC network, relayed through the KGEI in San Francisco,
California, and beamed to the five radio stations in Manila and to the radio station in Cebu. This
long but cumbersome shortwave relay station lasted for six days and was discontinued when the
Japanese forces entered and occupied the City of Manila on January 2, 1942 after General
MacArthur declared Manila an open city to avoid further destruction and loss of civilian lives.
The following day, Gen Masaharu Homma, the Japanese Imperial Army commander in chief,
announced the end of the American occupation, the imposition of martial law, and the
establishment of the Japanese Military Administration.