After _____ (bone forming cells) become completely What structure is the site of bone growth in length?

surrounded by bone matrix, they are called _____ (mature a. primary ossification center
bone cells). b. epiphyseal plates
a. osteocytes, osteoblasts c. periosteum
b. osteoblasts, osteoclasts d. None of the choices are correct.
c. osteoclasts, osteoblasts
Intramembranous ossification is common in children,
d. osteoblasts, osteocytes
whereas endochondral ossification is typical in young adults.
e. osteocytes, osteoclasts
True
A growing long bone in a child has only two areas of False
cartilage at the epiphysis. These two areas are
Which of the following bones were likely produced through
a. elastic cartilage and epiphyseal plate.
endochondral ossification?
b. epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line.
a. femur
c. primary and secondary ossification centers.
b. frontal
d. fibrocartilage and articular cartilage.
c. parietal
e. articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate.
d. temporal
Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is e. None of these bones were formed through endochondral
called ossification.
a. Interstitial growth
The salts that form tiny crystals in the intercellular matrix of
b. Epiphyseal growth
bone tissue consist largely of
c. Appositional growth
a. Calcium phosphate
d. Endosteal growth
b. Calcium chloride
e. Cancellous bone growth
c. Calcium carbonate
Concentric lamellae are connected with each other by d. Calcium sulfate
lacunae.
Mature bones are remodeled throughout life by employing
True
a. intramembranous ossification.
False
b. endochondral ossification.
_____________ are bone-forming cells. c. interstitial growth.
a. Osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells d. appositional growth.
b. Osteoblasts e. metaphysical growth.
c. Osteoclasts
Cells that produce new bone tissue by secreting matrix are
d. Osteocytes
called
e. Osteons
a. Osteocytes
Bone protrudes through skin in a fracture called b. Osteoclasts
a. complete. c. Osteoblasts
b. incomplete. d. Osteoprogenitor cells
c. closed. e. Bone-lining cells
d. open.
What type of cells secrete the matrix of bone?
e. displaced.
a. osteoprogenitor cells
Which of the following is NOT a feature of compact bone? b. osteoblasts
a. lacunae Selected: c. osteocytes
b. lamellae d. osteoclasts
c. trabeculae
An osteocyte is a
d. osteon
a. Bone building cell
____________ affects more people than any other bone b. Bone destroying cell
disease. c. Bone cell surrounded by matrix
a. Osteomyelitis d. Bone marrow cell
b. Osteoporosis
Which of the following is NOT a general shape to classify
c. Osteosarcoma
bones?
d. Osteomalacia
a. long
e. Rickets
b. short
c. rectangular In compact bone, a haversian canal, with the lamellae and
d. irregular osteocytes surrounding it are called
a. lacunae.
Intramembranous ossification produces the
b. osteon.
a. irregular bones of the vertebrae.
c. canaliculi
b. flat bones of the skull.
d. spongy bone.
c. long bones of the limbs.
e. medullary cavities.
d. short bones of the wrist.
e. short bones of the ankle. The hemopoietic tissue in a bone is otherwise known as
myeloid tissue.
The shaft of a long bone is the
True
a. periosteum.
False
b. diaphysis.
c. articular cartilage. The skeleton does not
d. endosteum. a. store calcium and phosphate ions.
b. store red blood cells.
What mineral is most important for the prevention and
c. provide support for most muscles.
treatment of osteoporosis?
d. protect the brain.
a. vitamin A
e. protect the spinal cord.
b. calcium
c. sodium The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed
d. carbon a. Mesenchymal ossification
b. Intramembranous ossification
The cells responsible for removing excess bone tissue after
c. Bone remodeling
the fracture repair process are
d. Orthodontia
a. Fibroblasts e. Endochondral ossification
b. Chondrocytes
Which is not a function of bone?
c. Osteoblasts
a. Protection
d. Osteoclasts
b. Mineral storage
A bone is covered externally with a sheath called c. Body movement
______________, whereas the internal surface is lined with d. Hormone synthesis
_____________. e. Hemopoiesis
a. epiphysis; diaphysis
The first seven ribs are called true ribs because
b. diaphysis; epiphysis
c. compact bone; spongy bone they attach directly to the sternum through costal cartilage.
d. periosteum; endosteum
Joints are classified structurally according to the
e. endosteum; periosteum
__________that binds them, and functionally according to
Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs? their __________.
a. Hyaline cartilage
connective tissue; degree of motion
b. Fibrocartilage
c. Reticular cartilage Which of the following bones is NOT a bone of the
d. Articular cartilage braincase?
e. Elastic cartilage a)frontal
b)parietal
The four groups of bones include all the following except
c)maxilla
a. long bones.
d)sphenoid
b. short bones.
e)ethmoid
c. rounded bones.
d. irregular bones. Which two bones contribute to the nasal septum?
e. flat bones.
Vomer and ethmoid
A long bone
a. has a medullary cavity in the diaphysis. Bridget's lab partner, Tim, is insisting that the joint of a
b. has red marrow and yellow marrow in its cavities. tooth in its socket is an example of a ball-and-socket joint.
c. has endosteum lining the medullary cavity. Which argument should Bridget use to explain to Tim that
d. has an epiphysis at each end. he is incorrect?
e. has all of these properties.
Both "Ball-and-socket joints are freely movable joints, but When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity
the tooth in its socket is immovable" and "Ball-and-socket increases.
joint are synovial joints, but the tooth in its socket is a
Osteomalacia is
fibrous joint" are correct.
a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones
Callus formation occurs during __________.
resulting from calcium depletion.
bone repair
The pectoral girdle consists of a
Which of the following statements about the forearm and
scapula and clavicle.
hand is FALSE?

The olecranon process is located on the distal end of the ulna.

If you palpate the medial side of your ankle, what bone

marking are you most likely feeling?

Medial malleolus

An example of a joint that contains fibrocartilage is a(n)

intervertebral disc.

Which type of bone growth occurs in mature bone and

results in the bone becoming thicker?

Appositional growth

A dislocated shoulder involves separation of the __________

from the scapula.

humerus

The multiaxial joint in which the spherical end of one bone

fits into the cuplike socket of the other bone is called a
__________ joint.

ball-and-socket

Which of the following does NOT occur due to the effects of

aging on the joints?

Increased production of synovial fluid

The skeletal system helps maintain homeostasis by?

a) acting as a calcium buffer and storage site.
b) acting as a phosphate buffer and storage site.
c) acting as a site for energy storage.
d) acting as a blood cell production site.
e) All of the choices are correct.

Vitamin C is important for collagen production. Which

condition would you expect in someone suffering from a
vitamin C deficiency?

Brittle bones

A person who has had their thyroid removed may have low
levels of __________ and thus __________ blood calcium
levels without replacement treatment.

calcitonin; slightly higher

Which of the following statements regarding calcium

homeostasis is true?