m~PxcÎ

 Abyev`‡Ki e³e¨
nv¤§vg Be‡b gybvweŸn KZ…©K msKwjZ  c~e©K_v

Avj-Qnxdvn Avj-Qnxnvn& 

f~wgKv
cÖv_wgK gšÍe¨
 wbiÿi Avie †Mvôx
(gnvbex Q.-Gi nv`x‡mi cÖ_g msKjb)  Bmjv‡gi Af~¨`q DËi hy‡M wkÿvi AMÖMwZ
 ivm~j Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi wkÿvbxwZ
 mvaviY wkÿv e¨e¯’vi msMVb
Qnxdvn& nv¤§vg bv‡g cÖwm×  ivm~j Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg -Gi wjLKe„›`
weï× nv`x‡mi AcÖwZØ›Øx eY©bvKvix  `vßwiK mxj
nhiZ Avey ûivBiv iv. KZ©„K ewY©Z, wkÿv`vbK…Z  nv`xQ msKjb
I Aby‡gvw`Z ivm~jyjøvn Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi nv`xQ msMÖn|  ivm~j Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi RxeÏkvq wjwLZ nv`xQ
 g`xbv bMi iv‡óªi msweavb
 gymjgvb‡`i Av`g ïgvix
W. gynv¤§` nvwg`yjøvn  `vßwiK wPwV cÎ
KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z I Bs‡iRx‡Z Abyev`K…Z  ag© cÖPv‡i wPwVcÎ
evsjv Abyev‡`  Bû`x‡`i mv‡_ cÎ wewbgq
 kvmbKZ©v‡`i cÖwZ wb‡`©kbvgv
W. gyCbyÏxb Avng` Lvb  Ki Av`v‡qi cwigvY I wbqvgvejx
Gg.G. (g¨vKMxj) Gg.G., wc.GBP wW. (XvKv)
 KziAv‡bi Abyev`: m~iv dvwZnvi Abyev`
 wjwce× Kivi Dcjÿ
mn‡hvwMZvq:  NUbveûj wjLv
‰mq` †gvnv¤§` Rvjvj DwÏb Avj& Avhnvix  gnvbexi Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi mgqKv‡j nv`xQ msKjb
Abvm©. (Avj Avhnvi) Gg.G., Gg. wdj. (Kvq‡iv, wgki)
Kivi e¨e¯’v
Ges  nv`xQ wjwce× Kivi `„óvšÍ
gynv¤§` Avey eKi wmwÏK  Avãyjøvvn Be‡b Avgi Bebyj AvQ iv.
we.Gm.Gm. (m¤§vb), Gg.Gm.Gm.(†jvK cÖkvmb) Gg.Gg. (nv`xQ)
 Avey iv‡dÕ iv.
gynv¤§` Ave`yi iDd Gg.G., Gg. Gg. (nv`xQ)
1 2
 Avbm Be‡b gvwjK iv. Abyev`‡Ki e³e¨
 Avgi Be‡b nvRg KZ…©K ivóªxq `jxj cÎ msMÖn
 `jxj `¯Ív‡e‡Ri msMÖn GLv‡b GKwU AZxe ¸iæZ¡c~Y© nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i cvV¨cy¯ÍK Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡”Q,
 ivm~jyjøvn Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi mvnvex‡`i mgqKvjxb hv me©vwaK cÖwm× nv`xQ‡eËv Avey ûivBiv iv. KZ…©K msKwjZ nq| wZwb wnRixi
cÖ‡Póv 7 m‡b/ L„óxq 628 A‡ã, Bqvgb †_‡K g`xbvq G‡m Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| ZvB
 D¤§yj gyÕ‡gwbb nhiZ Av‡qkv iv. wZwb gvÎ Pvi eQi ivm~jyjøvn Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi mvnPh© jvf
 Ljxdv Avey eKi iv. K‡ib| wKš‘ Zvi Abb¨ †gav, Ávb wccvmv, cÖLi ¯§„wZkw³, ivm~jyjøvn Qvjøvjøvû
 Ljxdv Dgi iv. AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg-Gi K_vevZ©v kªeY Kivi D`MÖ AvMÖn, HKvwšÍK ag© wek¦vm
 Ljxdv Avjx iv. I Avjøvni ivm~‡ji evYx ü`q½g Kivi wbcyYZv, Zuv‡K AwP‡iB gw`bvi gymwjg
 Ave`yjøvn Be‡b Avwe AvDdv iv. mgv‡R cÖL¨vZ K‡i Zz‡j| wKQzKvj c‡i Abyiƒcfv‡e nv¤§vg Be‡b gybvweŸn
 mvgyivn Be‡b Ryb`e iv. bvgK GKRb hyeK Bqvgb †_‡K gw`bvq AvMgb K‡i wkÿv-`xÿvi Rb¨ nhiZ
 mvÕ` Be‡b Bev`vn iv. Avey ûivBiv iv. Gi kiYvcbœ nq| Zv‡K wkÿv †`evi Rb¨ wZwb ˆbwZKZv `k©x
 Avãyjøvn Be‡b Dgi iv. 140wU nv`xQ evQvB K‡ib Ges GKwU Aí eqmx ÿz`ª QvÎ`j‡K †kªYxe× K‡i
 Ave`yjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm iv. G nv`xQ¸wj Zv‡`i‡K gy‡L gy‡L wkÿv †`b| †Kbbv nv`xQ wkÿvi ixwZ nj
 gywMivn Be‡b ïevn iv. gy‡L gy‡L meK †`qv| Z`ycwi nhiZ Avey ûivBivi cÖwZ KziAvb wjLvi AbygwZ
wQj Ges nv`xQ wjLvi eviY wQj|
 Avey evKivn iv.
G nv`xQ¸wj eZ©gvb cy¯Í‡K 138wU nv`x‡Qi AvKv‡i nv¤§vg Be‡b gybvweŸn,
 Ave`yjøvn Be‡b gvmD` iv.
Zvi wbR¯^ wkÿv_©x Ges wkÿv_©xi wkÿv_©x ci¤úivq wbiew”Qbœ wkÿv-wkÿ‡Yi
 Avey ûivBivn iv.
gva¨‡g 858 wnRix ch©šÍ wkÿK ci¤úivi ¯^vÿihy³ n‡q Avgv‡`i n¯ÍMZ
 nv¤§vg Be‡b gybvweŸn iv.
n‡q‡Q| BZ¨em‡i GB nv`xQ¸wj wQjwQjvIqvix wkÿv_©x Bgvg Avng` Be‡b
 mb‡`i avivevwnKZv I k„•Lj nv¤^j iv. Zuvi cÖwm× nv`xQ MÖš’ Ôgmb‡` Avng` Be‡b nv¤^jÕ-G GKwU ¯^Zš¿
 cvÛywjwci weeiY Aa¨vq Awafy³ K‡ib| AwaKš‘ G nv`xQ¸wj wewÿßiƒ‡c †Qnvn wQËv ev QqwU
 nv`xQ wjwce× Kivi e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv weï× nv`xQ msKjb MÖš’¸wj‡ZI ¯’vb cÖvß nq|
 P~ovšÍ gšÍe¨ AZGe, G nv`xQ¸wji weï×Zv I me©vwaK cÖvPxb‡Z¡i mZ¨Zvi PZ¡‡i †Kvb
 ‡kl gšÍe¨ cÖkœB I‡V bv| G¸wji wel` weeiY MÖš’Kvi, RMZ-cÖwm× ¯‹jvi I Bmjvgx
 f~wgKvi UxKv wPšÍvwe` W. gynv¤§` nvgx`yjøvn, G MÖ‡š’i f~wgKvq `jxj `¯Ív‡eR mnKv‡i cÖ`vb
 Qnxdvi Aviex cvV K‡i‡Qb|
 Qnxdvi evsjv Abyev` Avgiv K‡qKwU we‡kl Kvi‡Y G MÖš’wU mh‡Zœ Aviex I Bs‡iRx †_‡K evsjv
 Qnxdvi Abyev‡`i UxKv fvlvq Abyev` Ki‡Z DØy× n‡qwQ|
cÖ_gZ: Avw`Kvj †_‡K †h mg¯Í nv`xQ MÖš’ nvw`Q-weÁvb‡`i Øviv msKwjZ
n‡q wjwLZ AvKv‡i Avgv‡`i n¯ÍMZ n‡q‡Q †m¸wji g‡a¨ GB msKjbwU
me‡P‡q †ekx cÖvPxb|
3 4
 wØZxqZ: gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ bvbv cÖKvi gZv‰bK¨ m„wó nIqvi c~‡e©
msKwjZ nevi Kvi‡Y GUv cieZ©x hy‡Mi gmjv-gmv‡q‡ji gZcv_©K¨ I ghnvex
`jv`wji cÖfvegy³ weï× eyw×e„wËK fveaviv m¤§Z|
Z…ZxqZ: Gi g‡a¨ wjwce× nv`xQ¸wj mij, mnR Ges ˆbwZK
g~j¨‡evagyLx nIqvq, we‡klZ: Aí eq¯‹ hyeK‡`i‡K cvV `vb Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
msKwjZ nIqvq, GUv evsjv‡`‡ki ¯‹zj I gv`ivmv mg~‡ni wbgœ gva¨wgK
†kªwY‡Z cvV¨ wnmv‡e e¨envi †hvM¨|
PZz_©Z: nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i wjwce×KiY cÖwµqvi HwZnvwmK weeiY, Bmjvgx
Rxeb e¨e¯’vq nv`x‡mi ¸iæZ¡ Ges nv`xQ kv¯¿ cVb-cvV‡bi ev¯Íe cÖwµqv
m¤^‡Ü mg¨K Ávb AvniY Kivi Rb¨, cÖ‡dmi W. nvgx`yjøvni iwPZ Abb¨
f~wgKvwU evsjv‡`‡ki D”P gva¨wgK ¯Í‡ii, GgbwK we.G. m¤§vb †kªwYi cvV¨
ZvwjKv fy³ nevi Dc‡hvMx|
cÂgZ: mij evsjv fvlvq Abyev`K…Z GB MÖš’wU mvaviY cvVK‡K
Avgv‡`i mywPwšÍZ aviYvq nv`xQ kv¯¿ wel‡qi PgKcÖ` Ávb `vb Ki‡e|
Ae‡k‡l Avgiv gnvb cÖf~ Avjøvn ieŸyj Avjvgx‡bi mgx‡c KZ©e¨‡evaK
cÖv_©bv Kwi : cÖf~ †n! Avgv‡`i‡K Áv‡b ewa©K Ki Ges †Zvgvi m„wói †kªô
gnËg ivm~j nhiZ gynv¤§` †gv¯Ídv Avng` gyRZev Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjøvg-Gi Dci I Zuvi cwievi cwiRb Ges eskavivi Dci Avgv‡`i QvjvZ
I mvjvg m¤^wjZ †Zvgvi ingZ, eiKZ, `qv Ges KiæYv el©Y Ki!
webxZ wb‡e`K
Abyev`Ke„›`
cÖ‡dmi W. gyCbyÏxb Avng` Lvb
‰mq` †gvnv¤§` Rvjvj DwÏb Avj& Avhnvix
gynv¤§` Avey eKi wmwÏK I gynv¤§` Ave`yi iDd
5 6
c~e©K_v
wemwgjøvwni ivngvwbi ivnxg
cig KiæYvgq `qvjy Avjøvû iveŸyj Avjvgx‡bi cÖwZ Avgiv cÖ_‡g Amxg
K…ZÁZv RvbvB Ges gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§` (Qvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg )
Gi Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg †ck K‡i, Avgiv Qnxdvn nv¤§vg Be‡b gybveŸvn Gi
msKjK m¤úv`K I Bs‡iRx Abyev`K W. gynv¤§` nvgx`yjøvni cÖwZ AvšÍwiK
ab¨ev` Ávcb Kwi|
W. nvgx`yjøvn `xN©Kvj AK¬všÍ cwikªg K‡i `v‡g¯‹, Kvq‡iv, Rvg©vwbi
d«vOK‡dvU© Ges Zzi‡¯‹i B¯Ív¤^y‡j msiwÿZ nv`xQ MÖš’wUi cvÐywjwci Zzjbvg~jK
cixÿv wbwiÿv K‡i, Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j iv. Gi gyQb‡` wjwce× AÎ
nvw`m¸wji c~Y© MÖš’wUi mv‡_ wgwj‡q, Z`ycwi cÖwm× †Qnvn& wQËvi g‡a¨ Qwo‡q
wQwU‡q ewY©Z GB nvw`m¸wji mv‡_I Zzjbv K‡i AÎ cwiï× KwcwU ˆZwi
K‡ib|
G ÿz`ª MÖ‡š’ m¤^wjZ 140wUi ms‡KvP‡b 138wU nvw`m Aí eq¯‹
wkÿv_©x‡`i Av`e I ˆbwZKZv wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖwm× nvw`m †iIqvqvZKvix nhiZ
Avey ûivBiv iv. KZ…©K †e‡Q †bqv nq| Avmj e¨vcviwU fywgKvi g‡a¨ eY©bv Kiv
n‡q‡Q- nhiZ Avey ûivBiv iv. Gi wbKU Zuvi wbR †`k Bqvgb †_‡K GKwU
†QvU †Q‡j gw`bvq G‡mwQj, Zv‡K wkÿv †`evi Rb¨ wZwb G nvw`m¸wj Pqb
K‡ib| †Q‡jwUi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv_©x‡`i‡KI wZwb kvgxj K‡i †bb| Zuvi
B‡šÍKv‡ji ci Zuvi R‰bK QvÎ mb` mnKv‡i G nv`xQ¸wji wkÿv`vb eRvq
iv‡Lb Ges ZrcieZ©x‡Z mb` mnKv‡i MÖš’wUi wkÿv`vb Kvh©µg 856 wnRix
ch©šÍ cÖwm× wkÿK ci¤úivi gva¨‡g Pvjy _v‡K| W. nvwg`yjøvn G me mb` I
wkÿvK‡`i `¯ÍLZK…Z cvÛywjwc D×vi K‡i 1351 wnRix m‡bi w`‡K Gi
c~Y©msKjb mgvß K‡ib| wZwb 1397 wnRix/ 1977 L„óv‡ã MÖš’wU cÖKvk
K‡ib| eZ©gvb Kv‡j Avgv‡`i wbKU gIRyZ nvw`m MÖš’vw`i g‡a¨ G ÿz`ª MÖš’wU
me©mvK‚‡j¨ Qnxn ev m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e ï× Ges me©cÖ_g wjwce× msKjbiƒ‡c
AvL¨vwqZ nevi `vex iv‡L|
G MÖš’wUi f~wgKv W. nvwg`yjøvni GKwU †gŠwjK M‡elYvi Ae`vb| Zv‡Z
nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i eû ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q Av‡jvPbv i‡q‡Q hv nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i wkÿK I
wkÿv_©x‡`i wb:m‡›`‡n Ávb ewa©Z Ki‡e Ges A‡bK wel‡qi m‡›`n `~i Ki‡e|