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3. ALUPAG The Alupag tree is an evergreen fruit bearing plant, indigenous to Alupag grows well in places with a subtropical climate or in
Philippines. It is a close relative of litchi and bears tasty fruits. The tropical highlands.
tree, around 7-10 meters tall, is evergreen. Leaves alternate,
compound, up to 30 cm long with 6-9 pairs of leaflets the texture It can be propagated by seed which takes about two weeks
leathery. Rippled glossy green dorsally and lighter green beneath. to germinate and by marcotting, inarching and cleft grafting.
Flowers are small, whitish, hermaphroditic, formed on terminal or Marcotting is the commercial propagation method in many
axillary panicles. countries.
The fruit size is about 2.5-4 cm. It is whitish, semi-transparent in Bury the seeds of Alupag in the soil until it develops its own
flesh wrapped around a large black seed. It tastes delicious and roots, stem and leaves or marcot the stem until it grows
juicy. The outward appearance looks warty, of rough peel, brownish roots.
and globular.
4. BAGO Bago is small to medium in size tree reaching a height of 10 to 15 Gnetum gnemon thrives in dry and humid areas on
m and a diameter up to 40 cm. Bole is cylindrical with numerous secondary and primary forests at low and medium altitude (0
branches; crown is compact to conical in shape. Leaves opposite to 1,200 m asl). It grows best in areas with annual
variable in size and shape, 10 to 20 cm long and 4 to 7 cm wide, precipitation of 3,000 to 5,000 mm although it can also
ovate oblong to lanceolate, dark green, shiny smooth and usually survive annual rainfall of only 750 to 1,000 mm. Gnetum
pointed at both ends. Inflorescence are borne on young shoots and gnemon can grow in diverse soil types from sandy, clay to
older branches. clay loam to calcareous soils but prefers relatively neutral soil
with good drainage.
Fruits are produced in small clusters, 2.3 to 3.5 cm long, oblong
with smooth red skin. Seed is enclosed in fleshy covering about one Bago could either be propagated by seed or by asexual
mm thick. Seed coat is thin and brittle and separates readily from means such as air layering, grafting, cutting or budding.
the seeds.
The young leaves and tender tips of Bago are edible and used as a
vegetable. The nut is eaten either boiled, fried or roasted. In
Indonesia, nuts are exported. In Java, it is an important home
industry where the seed is heated, the hush is broken, and the hot
kernel is pounded into a flat cake. The cakes are sun-dried, graded
and packed for sale.
Boiled green pulp contains, per 100g, 80 g water, 8 kcal energy, Vegetative propagation technique is a preferred way to
3.0g protein, 0.4 g fat, 16.2g carbohydrates, 1.7 g crude fiber, 28 propagate Galo. It can be propagated from seeds which
mg calcium, 54 mg phosphorus, 1.3 mg iron, 770 µg β-carotene, germinate in about 100 days or by marcotting, inarching and
128 µg total vitamin A, 0.9 mg niacin and 12 mg ascorbic acid. cleft grafting. Trees grown from seeds bear fruit about 6-8
years from planting while asexually propagated trees bear
The thick pulp of fruit is edible raw, boiled or roasted. Ripe pulp is fruit in about 3-4 years.
soft, aromatic and sweet. The kernel nut is delicious when boiled or
roasted.
Ripe fruit may be eaten raw or made into juice, jam and jelly. Its
pulp is juicy yet sour. You can enjoy eating it raw or can mix it with
salt r sugar to neutralize its sour taste.
Young fruits are used to flavor curry, and the edible flesh covering
the seed is sweet-sourish and eaten in Thailand. Fruits are edible,
fresh or stewed in honey. Flowers and leaves are cooked and eaten
as a vegetable or used as a food flavoring. Fruit is used as a sour
relish with fish in Malaysia.
17. LIPOTE It is a small to medium-sized tree growing to 14 meters tall and the Lipote is propagated through seeds or through grafting. The
trunk is up to 75 centimeters in diameter. The outer bark is purplish plants come into bearing in 4 to 5 years after planting. This
gray and its twigs are angularly winged and leaves are alternate, species can be used as a reforestation species because of its
oblong-lanceolate or obovate, acuminate, 6 to 20 centimeters long, economic and ecological contribution.
4 to 7 centimeters wide, with 14 to 16 pairs of secondary veins.
Flowers are white, numerous, and in panicles. Fruits are It can be propagated sexually, and it is always good to use
subglobose, fleshy, red to dark purple, sweet sour, and edible, 1 the Lipote seeds when it comes from the fruit that’s ripe.
centimeter in diameter. Many preferred vegetative propagation techniques in
multiplying Lipote; cleft grafting is common.
For edibility, the fruits are eaten raw or cooked. The ripe fruit is rich
in vitamin C and processed into jams, jellies and juice. The juice is
made into wine. Also, Lipote jelly is added as an ingredient in cake
making.
18. MABOLO Mabolo is indigenous in the Philippines, where it is widely found in Male trees must be planted near the female trees for effective
primary and secondary forests at low and medium altitudes. It is pollination and fruit production. The tree does best in loam
also grown in other tropical countries. but flourishes very well in almost any soil with little care. It is
This is a medium-sized to large tree, 8-15 m or higher, with oblong rarely fertilized and seems to need no protective spraying.
leaves, green and shining on the other surface, soft with appressed,
pale hairs on the lower. The female flowers are slightly larger than Mabolo is usually propagated by seed taking up to 24 days to
the male flowers. The fruit is large and spherical, with a velvety skin germinate.
densely covered with brown hair, dull reddish, thin and adhering to
the flesh. The flesh is whitish, firm rather dry, sweet, astringent, and It can also be propagated vegetative by marcotting, budding
with a strong, aromatic, cheesy odor. and grafting; the latter method is being commercially used in
the Philippines.
The high levels of vitamin C and vitamin A of Mabolo (Velvet
Apples) boosts the immune system of the body by acting
as antioxidants, eliminating damaging free radicals that can mutate
or kill healthy cells. The dietary fiber in mabolo helps to ease the
passage of food through the digestive tract, thereby
eliminating constipation and other gastrointestinal issues.
The wood of the Magkono tree is highly valued and can resist
routing for 40 years with constant contact to moisture and even
longer in arid regions. The wood of a full-grown Mangkono tree is
so hard that it is recommended to use a diamond saw to cut it. A
Mangkono tree can be chopped down with an axe but it is very
difficult and will take several days to complete. Because of the
challenge of cutting down a mature Mangkono tree many younger
trees are cut down after they reach a diameter of only a few inches.
20. MARANG Artocarpus odoratissimus is an evergreen tree growing to a high 25 Marang, as native tree, is commonly cultivated in Mindoro,
meters tall if not pruned and managed. The leaves are broad similar Negros and Mindanao region.
to the Breadfruit, another antocarpus, except it is a little less lobed.
The leaf lobbing may not be as prominent once the tree matures. Marang is propagated from seed and by inarching. The
seeds germinate in about 26-30 days. Fruiting season is
Marang is typically eaten fresh as a dessert. However, it has a short around May to August and can vary in different location in the
shelf life and can be difficult to transport to reach the marketplace in Philippines.
faraway location. This is why it is best to processed it and can be
made as value-added products such as ice cream and Fruits are harvested when fully mature and can be ripened off
concentrated syrup or puree. It can also be made as preserves and the tree.
jams. With commercial food processor, it can be dehydrated and
powdered to maximize its potentials in the culinary world.
Many will agree that Marang has a more favorable scent compared
to Durian, another antocarpus. The sweet flesh that surrounds the
seed of the fruit is delicious when it’s ripe. Nutritionally, it can be
considered a complete food since it contains most of the necessary
nutrients for a person’s health. Such nutrients include protein, fat,
carbohydrates, calcium, retinol, crude fiber, phosphorous, iron,
beta-carotene, vitamin A, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin and ascorbic
acid.
21. PAJO Paho is an evergreen tree with shiny, elliptic, dark green leaves and It can be propagated by seed which takes about a month to Many culinarians agree that it
smooth, brown bark. The fruit hangs from the tree on a long stem, germinated. and cleft grafting on its own seedlings or on gives out a “herbful” of flavors
is an ovoid drupe. Color is light green and ripens to pale yellow. It those of the mango. and aroma. Its unique flavor is
is single seeded. gaining fast acceptance with
many kitchen enthusiasts
This tiny looking mango is not a young, unripe mango. Yes, it is experimenting on using it in
closely related to the mango (Mangifera indica), but a different many recipes. One new way of
species in itself. Paho or Mangifera altissima, is a much smaller utilizing Paho is by brining it like
fruit and is said to be less prone to pests. green olives.
This fruit contains Vitamin B6, riboflavin, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, This fruit is fast becoming a
Vitamin E and Vitamin K. It is also rich in folate, niacin and new way to reinvent flavor in
pantothenic acid. With its nutritional benefits, it can assists in the the kitchen.
prevention of host of diseases which arises from deficiency of
minerals and vitamins.
22. PILI Pili is native to Philippines and can also be found in maritime This is a priority crop in Bicol region, considered Pili’s center The pili kernel is considered it’s
Southeast Asia, such as Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New of diversity. the most important product.
Guinea. A distinctly erect and spreading tree, Pili tree is The flavor of pili nut when raw
predominantly dioecious, It is medium-sized to large, tree that can A tropical tree that prefers the warm temperature and well is similar to that of roasted
reach up to 30 meters, with huge trunk diameters. Leaves have distributed and well-drained soil. It cannot tolerate temperate pumpkin seed. When roasted,
deltoid to lingulate stipules that are spirally arranged. weather and the slightest frost. the nutty flavor and texture is
similar to the pine nut.
An attractive symmetrically shaped evergreen, Pili tree can grow as It is commonly propagated sexually through its seeds.
20-30 meters tall with its resinous wood. It is a popular However, it is recommended to propagate it asexually either Oil can also be extracted in Pili.
windbreaker, as it is known for its resistance to strong winds. by marcotting, grafting and budding. It can be used in cooking and
can be used in making
vinaigrette and other salad
dressing. It is also used as
substitute for oil typically used
in the making of soap.
24. SAPINIT Ardisia squamolosa, locally known as Tagpo, is a small tree that Like many Ardisia, it is common in primary forests at low and
can reach the height of about 10 meters if not maintained and medium altitudes. Ardisia squamolosa is endemic to the
pruned. Leaves are alternate, with oblanceolate to elliptic- Philippines. In many researches, Ardisia is known for its
oblanceolate shape. The size is about 6 to 15 centimeters long and health-promoting compounds and phytopharmaceuticals
2 to 6 centimeters wide, and with pointed ends. Flowers are pretty extracts.
pink, with mild fragrance. It is borne on compound, terminal or
lateral inflorescences, that can grow about 1 centimeter in length. It can be grown from seeds and cutting-based propagation.
However, shrubs started
Fruit has a dark red, sometimes with shade of dark purple. Shape is from cuttings grow truer to form than seed-grown specimen.
rounded, and about 5 to 8 millimeters in diameter in size. The ripe Most propagators create multiple shrubs for larger planting
fruit has a sweet and tangy flavor, with tart aftertaste. Not as materials, especially when it is used as hedge or for
appealing eaten as raw fruit but can be used to make an excellent landscape purposes.
savory sauce or sweet jam.
25. TAGPO Rubus rosaefolius or Sapinit is a climbing, prickly shrub that can Sapinit is wildly grown and enjoyed by farming communities
reach up to 2 to 3 meters. Its branches are often covered by hairs. located in higher elevation, such as in Mt. Banahaw in
It is identified with the rose family because of its prickly stem. Quezon and Laguna.
Therefore, this Philippine berry is more like a raspberry than a
strawberry. It is considered a plant useful for environmental sustainability
as it does not need continuous cultivation in the wild.
Sapinit or sometimes referred to as local wild raspberries are bright Growing amongst others in the wild, it has the ability to
red that accounts for its phytochemical richness. It measures to at retains soil fertility and can stay alive for years.
least one centimeter in diameter. It is succulent, with combination of
sweet and sour, and sometimes with slight bitterness that adds to For small production, it can be propagated by cuttings and
its uniqueness. suckers.
From being wildcrafted, there are now many propagators, who are
starting to grow them in small commercial quantity. The berries
unique taste offers many culinary opportunities for farmers living in
higher elation farming communities.