7

Technology and
Livelihood Education
(Crop Production)

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 3: Perform Estimation or Basic Calculation in the Workplace
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education – Region 10

Regional Director: Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Elie Rose S. Pailden

Reviewers: Avila G. Taclob Ralph L. Castillon

Purita O. Omol Wendell Pasok
Charyljoy C. Navarez Rey Ann L. Malalis
Felicisima L. Bulat-ag Andrew Dapac
Michael Vincent C. Tayone

Illustrator and Layout Artist: Lawrence Nebril N. Uy

Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Joseph T. Boniao, EPS – EPP/TLE
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Edwin V. Palma, PSDS
Ray G. Salcedo, Principal II/District In-charge
Avilla G. Taclob, Principal I/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II
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 7
Crop Production
Crop
Module 3
(Perform Estimation or Basic
Calculation in the Workplace)

This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Region 10 at
region10@deped.gov.ph

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Introductory Message
For the learner:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 7 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Crop Production - Perform Estimation or
Basic Calculation in the Workplace.

It is cool to be in Agriculture! And it is even cooler to be an agripreneur.

Someone who is into an agricultural business is called an agripreneur. It is a
combination of words “agriculture and entrepreneur”.

Agriculture is said to be the backbone of an economy. Moreover, success

in agricultural sector of a country greatly contributes to a better economy.

In the Philippines, several programs have been launched by the

government to extend assistance to the farmers. The integration of agriculture in
your curriculum this school year aims to equip you with the basic knowledge and
capabilities you need in order for you to contribute to our society through
venturing into farming.

Further, there are two (2) important elements that need to be considered
in farming: time and money. These two are basically anchored in Mathematics.
Mathematics has enabled farming to be more economically efficient and increase
productivity and harvest. It has been the system of organization to effectively
utilize farmer’s time and manage their money. Farmers live in number everyday
to complete variety of task - from measuring, weighing, land marking, and
projecting.

May this module will serve you as your burning fuel to be successful in
farming endeavor if not help your family and peers to put your knowledge to good
use.
This module is designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be able to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take.
If you get all the answers correct (100%), you
may decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you in various ways such as a story, a song,
a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a
situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and skills
of the topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of
the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill into
real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level

of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to

you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

 module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

Hi! I’m Simon! When I grow up, I want to be a

farmer like my father. But that’s not it, I
want to manage our farm business! That is
why I want to learn how to calculate and
estimate. It’s cool, right? Would you like to
join me in my journey?
Yeah right! Lets go!
 Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2-3

Lesson 1 ----------------
What’s In ---------------- 4
What’s New ---------------- 5
What is It ---------------- 6-15
What’s More ---------------- 16-19

What I Have Learned ---------------- 20

What I Can Do ---------------- 21
Assessment ---------------- 22-23
Additional Activities ---------------- 24
Answer Key ---------------- 25-29
References ---------------- 30
 What I Need to Know

Success in the farm is greatly attributed to the sound estimation and basic
calculation that farmers do.

Your success in this exploratory course in Crop Production - Perform

Estimation or Basic Calculation in the Workplace is shown in your ability to
come up with the performance standards set for this lesson.

After going through this module, you should be able to:

1. follow procedures in reporting to appropriate persons the estimate of

materials and resources;

2. perform estimations or calculations to be done according to the job

requirement; and

3. employ different techniques in checking the accuracy of result.

1
 What I Know

Your journey to being a young agripreneur begins with the test of your
prior knowledge on this topic. This is to measure how cool you are
when it comes to mathematical skills applicable to agriculture. You
may not get all items correctly but you will surely learn all these in this
module. Relax, take this test the best that you could, and enjoy the
rest of the journey.

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.
1. 1liter(L) = ___ milliliter (mL)
a) 500 mL b) 1 000 mL c) 40 mL d) 100 mL
2. 1 meter (m) = ___ centimeter (cm)
a) 100 cm b) 1 000 cm c) 1 cm d) 500 cm
3. 50% of P1,000.00 is _____.
a) P 50.00 b) P 200.00 c) P 500.00 d) P 800.00
4. If the mixture has two (2) parts alcohol and one (1) part water, what is the
ratio?
a) 2:1 b) 2:2 c) 3:1 d) 1:5
5. What is the price of each sack of fertilizer if you paid P 4,800.00 for the 4
sacks that you bought?
a) P 1,500.00 b) P 1,700.00 c) P 1,400.00 d) P 1,200.00
6. _________is a number or ratio expressed as fraction of 100. It is usually recognized
using the percent sign “ ％”. “Percent” also mean “per 100”.
a) Ratio b) Fraction c) Decimal d) Percentage
7. How much is the cost of labor in 1 week, if labor rate per day is P 500.00?
a) P 500.00 b) P 3,500.00 c) P 2,000.00 d) P 1,000.00
8. How many seconds in 1 hour?
a) 60 b) 120 c) 40 d) 90
9. Find the area of a square with length of 10 m and width of 10 m?

2
 a) 110 m2 b) 120 m2 c)1 100 m2 d)100 m2
10. _____compares values. It says how much of one thing there is compared to
another thing.
a) Fraction b) Ratio c) Decimal d) Percentage
11. What is an appropriate measuring instrument to measure the weight of a
banana?
a) Weighing scale c) Measuring Tape
b) Meter stick d) Clock
12. _______ is a physical quantity and is a measure of distance. The basic unit is
meter (m).
a) Mass b) Length c) Weight d) Area
13. Convert 15 000 kilograms (kg) to ton (t).
a) 1.5 t b) 1 500 t c) 15 000 t d) 150 t
14. 1/2 is also equals to:
a) 70% b) 50% c) 30% d) 10%
15. It is a process of comparing unknown quantity to a standard known quantity.
a) Measurement c) Fraction
b) Ratio d) Length

3
Lesson PERFORM ESTIMATION OR
BASIC CALCULATION IN THE
1 WORKPLACE

What’s In

In the previous module, you have already studied all about farm
tools and equipment including its preventive maintenance. This
knowledge is also important to fully understand our lesson. Using
appropriate tools and equipment in a job requirement may help give
accurate estimate in the workplace. So, let us take this test.

Directions: Look at the pictures below. Choose from the box the word/phrase that
best describes each picture below. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

Seeds Light hoe Insecticide Light Shovel

4-wheel drive Tractor Plowing using animal Rake

1. 4.

2. 5.

3.

4
 What’s New

Performing estimation and basic calculation may not be all

easy. But once you already know how to do it and how important this
is, I am sure that you will finish this module with happy heart and a
fully loaded mind.
Meanwhile, let us know about the story of Simon and join him
in his journey to becoming cool in agriculture.

SIMON - THE AGRIPRENEUR

Simon is just like you, a student, a son,

and a dreamer. He wants to be successful in life to help his parents who are
farmers. His parents are struggling and he witnesses the hardship of his parents
working all day in the farm. Every time his parents come home tired, he would
dream that he could help his parents in managing the farm business to lighten
their burden.

Suddenly, he thought why not start small today by

helping his parents estimate and calculate the expenses for
the materials and labor during the land preparation. Aha!
~
If you were Simon, how would you help your parents?

__________________________________________

__________________________________________.

5
 What is It

I know you are more than willing to help Simon in his noble quest to
help his parents because you, BASIC
yourselfCALCULATIONS
also want to help your parents in
your own little way.
So, this is it! Are your ready to learn the basic in Mathematics
essential to agriculture? Don’t worry, you already have met most of these
numbers in your previous years in school. We just have to learn this again
and this time we will apply mathematics to agriculture. Exciting isn’t it? Now
let’s begin.

Calculation and estimation relating to agriculture is sometimes difficult if we lack

knowledge on the basic arithmetic. Before we compute surface area of the farms,
proportions of insecticides, and other complex computations, let us first tackle the basic.

FRACTION
A fraction simply tells us how many parts of a whole we have. It can be
recognize by the slash called mark of division between two (2) numbers. The upper
number is called the numerator and the lower number is called denominator.

numerator 1
2 denominator

Example:
A farmer wants “Okra”, “Kalabasa”, “Talong”, and “Sitaw” to be equally planted in his one
(1) hectare of land. How much of a hectare shall be planted with Okra?

1 1
4 4

1 1
4 4

In other words, one (1) hectare is divided equally into four (4) parts. So, each shall
occupy 1/4 of a hectare.

6
PERCENTAGES
In mathematics, a percentage is a number or ratio expressed as fraction of 100.
It is usually recognized using the percent sign “ ％”. “Percent” also mean “per 100”.

One percent (1%) means 1 per 100.

1% of this line is shaded green: it is very small isn't it?

25% means 25 per 50% means 50 per

100 100
(25% of this box is (50% of this box is
green) green)

We can also compute the percentage by multiplication.

20% of 80 = ?
20% = 20/100 (as stated above, percent is per 100)
And, 20/100 x 80 = 16
So, 20% of 80 = 16
Example:

As agreed, the farmer should give 50% of his harvest to the owner of the land he tilled. If
the farmer harvested 20 sacks of corn, how many sacks of corn should he give to the owner?

50% = 50/100

50/100 x 20 = 10

Hence, 50% of 20 = 10

Therefore, the farmer should give 10 sacks of the harvested corn to the land owner.

RATIO
A Ratio compares values. It says how much of one thing there is
compared to another thing.

There are 3 blue squares to 1 yellow square

7
Ratio can be written in different ways:
1. Use “:” to separate values
Example: 3:1
2. Use the word “to”
Example: 3 to 1
3. Write it like fraction
Example: 3/1

Application:

According to the package instruction, the 1 L of the pesticide should be mixed 10 L of

water before application to the crops.

So, the ratio of pesticide to water is 1:10. Or, we can say that 10 L of water is to 1 L of
pesticide.

MEASUREMENT

Measurement is one of the most useful processes ever developed.

Almost everything you use everyday is measured - from the clothes you wear,
the gadgets used, to the food you eat. The shoes that you are wearing have
sizes so that you will know what size to choose in buying. Building materials and
machine parts have precise measurements so that it will fit perfectly as intended.

It is a process of comparing unknown quantity to a standard known

quantity. Its many practical applications show how Mathematics is relevant and
useful in our lives.

8
Standard Base Units of Measure

The official standard system of measure in the Philippines is the Metric

System. This is used to describe how long, how heavy, or how big something is.
Now let us discover the different metric units and their application in agriculture.

Standard Units

Quantity Unit Symbol

length meter m
Mass/weight kilogram kg
capacity liter L
volume cubic meter m3
area square meter m2
temperature degree Celsius oC

time second s
o
angle degree

Derived Quantities
Quantity Unit Symbol
area square meter m2
volume cubic centimeter m3
speed kilometer per hour kph

Commonly Used Instruments for Measuring the Different Quantities

Quantity Measuring Tools

length Ruler, meterstick, tape measure
weight Weighing scale
volume Medicine dropper, cup, ruler, meterstick
area Ruler, meterstick, tape measure
temperature thermometer
time Clock, watch, calendar

9
 Hmmmm? Cotton
floats while nail
Which is heavier, a sink. A kilogram
and even in our daily lives.
kilogram of cotton or of nail is
a kilogram of nail? heavier!

?!

In the above scenario, a 1 kg of nail has the same weight of 1 kg of cotton

because kilogram, as a unit of measure provides standard measurement of
mass.

Here are some conventions to be observed when writing in the metric and
decimal system:

1. When writing the unit there is a space and no “s” or period.

Correct Wrong
50 mL 10ml
10 mLs
10 mL.

2. A space is used as period separator instead of a comma.

Correct Wrong
5 000 5,000

3. A zero is placed before the decimal point.

Correct Wrong
0.75 .75

10
 Fundamental Quantities and their Units and Conversion

LENGTH

It is a physical quantity and is a measure of distance.

The basic unit is meter (m).
Ruler, meterstick, and tape measure are often used to measure the length
of an object.
Conversion Table of Length
Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Value
Length millimetre mm 10 mm = 1 cm
centimetre cm 100 cm = 1 m
metre m 1 000 m = 1 km
kilometre km

Let’s convert:
How many meters (m) is 215 centimeters (cm)?
Solution:
Based on the table above, 100 cm = 1 m

215 cm x 1 m_ = 2.15 m
100 cm

MASS/WEIGHT
Mass refers to the amount of matter contained in an object. Thus, it
remains the same regardless of the location.
Weight relates to the gravitational pull of the earth upon a mass. Thus, a
person’s weight on the Moon varies his weight on Earth.
Just remember, mass and weight can be interchanged in our everyday
activity.
The basic unit is kilogram (kg).
Weighing Scale is the common instrument used in measurement.

Conversion Table of Mass

Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Value
Mass milligram mg
gram g 1 000 mg = 1 g

11
 kilogram kg 1 000 g = 1 kg
tonne t 1 000 kg = 1 t
Let’s convert:
How many tonne (t) is 35 700 kilogram (kg)?
Solution:
Based on the table above, 1 000 kg = 1 tonne

35,700 kg x __1_t___ = 35.7 t

1 000 kg

TIME
The basic unit of time is second(s).
Clocks and calendars are the instrument used in measurement.
Conversion Table of Time
Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Value
Time second s
minute min 60 s = 1 min
hour h 60 min = 1 h
day day 24 h = 1 day

Other conversion factors that are used in time measurement.

Unit Conversion Factors
1 century 100 years
1 score 20 years
1 decade 10 years
1 year 12 months or 365 1/4 days
1 week 7 days

Let’s convert:
How many seconds in one day?
Solution:
7 days x 60 min x 60 s = 252 000 s

12
 Derived Quantities and Their Units

SURFACE AREA
Calculation of surface areas is one of the most important part in
farming. Measurement of farm inputs and labor will need to determine
the size of your farm. Hence, it is essential that you know how to
compute surface areas starting with the most common ones. This
discussion has been simplified for you to fully understand the concept.

Area is the surface included within a particular set of dimensions.

The basic unit of area is square meter (m2 or sq m).

It is also expressed as meters x meters, which is written as m 2.

1m

1m

Farms with Regular Shapes

SQUARES AND RECTANGLES

width
width

length length
width

square rectangle
- all four (4) sides are equal.
- the lengths of opposite side
are equal
-all four angles are right
angles

The formula for surface area (A) of square or a rectangle:

A = length (l) x width (w)

In agriculture, hectare (ha) is the most common unit used. One (1) hectare is
equivalent to 10 000 square meter.
Conversion Table of Area
Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Value
Area Square millimetre mm2
Square centimetre cm2 1 cm2 = 100 mm2

13
 Square metre m2 1 m2 = 10 000 cm2
Hectare ha 1 ha = 10 000 m2

Application:

Find the area of the farm:

200 m
200 m

100 m
250 m

Finding the area of the RECTANGLE:

Identify 1st the following:

Shape: rectangle
Length: 100 meters (m)
Width: 250 meters (m)
Solution:
A= w x l
= 250 m x 100 m
= 25 000 m2

Finding the area of the SQUARE:

Identify 1st the following:

Shape: Square
Width: 200 meters (m)
Length:200 meters (m)
Solution:
A= l x w
= 200 m x 200 m
= 40 000 m2

Now, let us convert the surface area in m2 to hectare.

Surface area in hectare = surface area in square meters

10 000 sq meter

Then, 40 000 m2 = ____ hectares

So, 40 000 m2
10 000 m2

Hence: 4 hectares = 40 000 square meters

14
VOLUME

Volume (V) is the content of a body or object.

An example is a block.

Height (h)

Width (w)

Length (l)

Volume is length by width by height, and the basic unit of volume is cubic meter
or m3.

A cube that is 1 meter on each side is also equal to 1,000 liters.

1 m3 = 1 000 L

Conversion Table of Volume

Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Value
Volume Cubic millimetre mm3
Cubic centimetre cm3 1 cm3 = 1 000 mm3
Cubic metre m3 1 m3 = 1 000 000 cm3
Liter L 1 000 L = 1 m3

Application:

Calculate the volume of the block crate to be used in storing fruits.

Given:
Length (l) = 3 meters
Width (w) = 5 meters
Height (h)= 9 meters

Formula:
Volume = l x w x h
=3mx5mx9m
= 135 m3

Now, let us convert the volume into the basic unit of measure of are which is the liter (L). 1 m 3 =
1 000 L,

Volume in Liters (L) = volume in m3 x 1 000

Then, L = 135 m3 x 1 000

= 135,000 L

15
 What’s More

Yay! I am sure you are already loaded with all the basic knowledge
in mathematics applied to agriculture.
Now, are you ready to help Simon becoming an agripreneur?
I bet you are!
Then, let us find the needed data and perform the appropriate
calculation needed for the job requirement to arrive at the conclusion that
will help Simon.

Back to story of Simon…

Simon approached his father to get the needed data for his calculation
and offered help. His father agreed that he would help with the estimation and
calculation. He gave Simon the list of materials and asked him if the P 20,000.00
he prepared for the land preparation would be enough to cover all expenses.

Below are the list of materials needed during the land preparation for their
farm with the length of 80 meters and width of 125 meters.

Things needed in one (1) hectare corn field during land

preparation:
1. 40 kls of corn seed
2. 4 bags of fertilizer
3. 25 loads (knapsack sprayer-16 liters) of insecticide
4. 3 days of plowing using a carabao
5. 1 week of harrowing using a carabao

16
 Given the above data, we can now help Simon compute the cost of
each material using the knowledge that we learned.
Shall we start answering the following questions?

Activity 1. Calculation Hurdle

A. Directions: Read carefully each question. Make sure to copy the given data
and its formula in your activity notebook.You have to solve the problem by
showing the solution then put your final answer in a box.

1. How much is the cost of the corn seed if price of the seed per kilo is P 125.00?

Given: Price per kilo = P 125.00/kg

Seed Needed = 40 kg
Formula: Cost of Seed = Price per kg x No. of kg of seed needed

Solution:
____________________________________________
2. If his father paid P 4,800.00 for all 4 bags of fertilizer, how much is the cost per bag?

Given: Total amount paid = P 4,800.00

No. of bags = 4 bags
Formula: Price per bag = Total amount paid ÷ No. of bags of fertilizer

Solution:
____________________________________
3. Ratio of insecticide to water is 1:400. There is 1 L of insecticide mixed with 400 L of
water. How many liters of insecticide needed for 1 load of knapsack sprayer (16 L water
capacity). Express you answer in millilitre (ml).

Given: Ratio 1:400

1 load = 16 liters of water
Formula:

A. Percentage of Insecticides for every liter of water= ratio given

17
 The given ratio is 1:400, if expressed in percentage 1/400 = .0025%

B. No. of liters of Insecticide for every load = Percentage of Insecticide x

no. of liters per load

C. No. of Liters of Insecticide for every load expressed in mL = No. of

Liters of Insecticide for every load expressed in L (1 L = 1 000 mL)

Solution:
____________________________________________

4. If price of insecticide is P 5,000.00 per liter. How much would it cost?

Given: Price of insecticide per liter = P 5,000.00

No. of liter per load of knapsack sprayer = .04 L
No. of loads needed = 25 loads
Formula: Total amount of insecticide needed for 25 loads = No. of liter per load x
No. of loads needed

Solution:
____________________________________________

5. What is the total cost of labor if the prevailing rate of plowing and harrowing using
carabao labor is P 400.00 per day?

Given: Plowing using carabao = 3 days

Harrowing using carabao = 1 week or 7 days per week
Prevailing rate per day = P 400.00/day
Formula: Cost of labor = (No. of days plowing + no. of days harrowing) x
prevailing rate per day

Solution:
____________________________________________

6. What is the surface area of the farm?

Given: Length = 80 m
Width = 125 m

18
 Formula: Area = length x width

Solution:
____________________________________________
B. Directions: Based on your answer in Activity 1A, complete the table with your answer.

Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost

Corn Seed 40 kg P 125/kg

Fertilizer 4 bags P 4,800.00

Insecticides Liter P 5,000.00/L P 5,000.00

Plowing 3 days P 400.00/day

Harrowing 7 days P 400.00/day

Total Cost P 18,800.00

C. Directions: Answer the question briefly.

1. Is the P 20, 000.00 budget enough to cover all the expenses in the land preparation?
Why?
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.

19
 What I Have Learned

After the exercises and computations that you have taken, I know
that you are one step ahead of being cool in Agriculture. Your learning
matters to us. Your reply will surely be considered for us to be able to serve
you better. So, take your time, answer with sincerity , and hope to see you
in the world of Agribusiness.

Direction: Read carefully each question below and write your reply on your
activity notebook.

SATISFACTION RATING

Which part of Which part of What learning

the lesson that the module you that you can
you find hard to enjoyed most? apply to help
understand? you, your
family or the
community?

(Your reply here) (Your reply here)

(Your reply here)

20
 What I Can Do

Provided that you can compute and make estimate, we would like
to know how these knowledge could be applied in your decision making.

Activity 2
Directions: Using the two tables below, compare and analyze data then answer
the following questions. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
Table 1 – Using Carabao (Manual Labor)
Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost

Seeds 40 kg P 125/kg P 5,000.00

Fertilizer 4 bags P 1,200.00/bag P 4,800.00

Insecticides 1 Liter P 5,000.00/L P 5,000.00

Plowing 3 days P 400.00/day P 1,200.00

Harrowing 7 days P 400.00/day P 2,800.00

Total Cost P 18,800.00

Table 2 – Using Tractor (Farm Mechanization)

Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost
Seeds 40 kg P 125/kg P 5,000.00
Fertilizer 4 bags P 1,200.00/bag P 4,800.00

Insecticides 1 Liter P 5,000.00/L P 5,000.00

Plowing 1 hour P 1,000/hour P 1,000.00

Harrowing 1 hour P 1,000/day P 1,000.00

Total Cost P 16,800.00

Which do you think is more advantageous, using carabao or tractor?

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
.

21
 Assessment

We already have helped Simon compute the total cost for land
preparation. Now, try to solve the same problem like that of Simon given the
data below. But this time you would have to do it yourself in order for me to
gauge how much have you learned from our lesson.
Based on the given below, fill up the table and compute the total cost:

Based on the given below, fill up the table and compute the total cost:

Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost

Seeds

Fertilizer

Insecticides

Plowing

Harrowing

Total Cost:

Given:

 Total cost of seed is P 1,800.00 , price of the seed is at P 60.00/kilo

 There are 8 bags of fertilizers needed, price of the fertilizer is P 1,080.00 / bag.

 10 loads of (Knapsack Sprayer - 16 L capacity)

 5 days of plowing if using carabao

 1 week of harrowing if using carabao

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 A. How many kilograms of seeds should be purchased if you have P1,800.00
and the price of the seeds per kilogram is P 60.00 / kg.

B. If you need 8 bags of fertilizer at P 1,080.00/bag, How much should you need?

C. Ratio of insecticide is 2:100, there is 2 L of insecticide mixed with 100L of

water.

D. If price per liter of insecticide is P 2,500.00 per liter. How much is the
cost of insecticide?

E. What is the cost of labor all in all if plowing and harrowing using
Carabao prevailing rate of such labor is P350.00 per day.

F. Compute the surface area of the farm if the width of the farm is 100 m
and the length of the farm is 250 m? Express your answer in hectare.

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 Additional Activities

Draw a farm following the description below, draw it in your activity notebook.

1. Area of the farm is 100 m x 100 m.

2. 1/2 of the farm is planted with Corn.
3. 30% of the corn is 10 cm long.
4. 70% of the corn is 30 cm long.

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 Answer Key

Assessment What I Know

1. C 6. A 11. D 1. B 6. D 11. A
2. B 7. B 12. B 2. A 7. B 12. A
3. A 8. C 13. C 3. C 8. A 13. A
4. B 9. A 14. A 4. A 9. D 14. B
5. A 10. D 15. D 5. D 10. B 15. A

Assessment
A. 1,800.00/P 60 = 30 kls
B. P 1,080.00 x 8 kls = P 8,640.00
C. 16L x 10 loads = 160L of water
2/100 x 160 = 3.2L of pesticides
3.2L x P 2,500.00 = P 8,000.00
D. 5 days + 7 days = 12 days x P350.00 = P 4,200.00
E. Area = 100 x 250 = 25 000 m2 or 2.5 ha

Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost

Seeds 30 kg P 60.00 P 1,800.00

Fertilizer 8 bags P 1,080.00 P 8,640.00

Insecticides 3.2 liters P 2,500.00 P 8,000.00

Plowing 5 day P 350.00 P 1,750.00

Harrowing 7 day P 350.00 P 2,450.00

Total Cost: P 22,640.00

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WHAT’S MORE.
ACTIVITY 1 Calculation Hurdle

1. How much is the cost of the seeds if price of the seeds per kilo is P 125.00?

Given: Price per kilo = P 125.00

Seeds Needed = 40 kilos

Formula:

Cost of Seeds = Price per kilo x no. of kg of seeds needed

Solution:

Cost of Seeds = P 125.00 x 40 kg

Answer: Cost of Seeds= P 5,000.00

2. If his father paid P 4,800.00 for all 4 bags of fertilizer, how much is the cost per bag?

Given: Total amount paid = P 4,800.00

No. of bags = 4 bags

Formula:

Price per bag = Total amount paid ÷ no. of bags

Solution:

Price per bag = P 4,800.00 ÷ 4

Answer: Price per bag = P 1,200/bag

26
3. Ratio of insecticide is 1:400. There is 1 L of insecticide mixed with 400 liters of water. How
many Liters of insecticides needed for 1 load of knapsack sprayer with 16 liters of water
capacity. Express you answer in millilitre (ml).

Given: Ratio 1:400

1 load = 16 liters

Formula:

A. Percentage of Insecticides for every liter of water= ratio given

Solution: Ratio give is 1:400, if expressed in percentage 1/400 = .0025%

Meaning: for every 400 L mixture of insecticide and water, .0025% of which is insecticides.

B. No. of liters of Insecticides for every load

= Percentage of Insecticide x no. of liters per load

Solution:

.0025 x 16L = .04 L

Meaning: for every 1 load of knapsack sprayer with 16 liters capacity, you will need .04 L of
insecticide.

C. No. of Liters of Insecticides for every load expressed in mL =

No. Of Liters of Insecticides for every load expressed in L x 1 000 mL

Solution:

.04 L x 1 000 mL = 40 mL

Meaning: for every 1 load of knapsack sprayer with 16 liters capacity, you will need .04 L or 40
mL of insecticide.

27
4. If price per of insecticide is P 5,000.00 per liter. How much is the cost of insecticide?

Given: Price of insecticide per liter = P 5,000.00

No. of liter per load of knapsack sprayer = .04 L

No. of loads needed = 25 loads

Formula:

Total amount of insecticide needed for 25 loads =

no. of liter per load x no. of loads needed

Solution:

.04 L x 25 = 1L total needed

1L x P 5,000.00/liter = P 5,000.00 Total Cost of Insecticides

Meaning: If you will need .04 L of insecticide in 1 load and you will need 25 loads, you have to
purchase 1 L of insecticide at P 5,000.00 per liter. Hence, the total cost of pesticide.

5. What is the cost of labor all in all if plowing and harrowing using Carabao prevailing rate of
such labor is P400.00 per day.

Given: Plowing using carabao = 3 days

Harrowing using carabao = 1 week or 7 days per week

Prevailing rate per day = P 400.00/day

Formula:

Cost of labor = No. of days plowing + no. of days harrowing x prevailing

rate per day

Solution:

Cost of Labor = 3 days + 7 days x P 400.00/day

= P 4,000.00

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6. Compute the surface area of the farm?

Given: Length = 80 m

Width = 125 m

Formula:

A = length x width

A = 80 m x 125 m

A = 10 000 m2 or 1 hectare

ACTIVITY 2.B.

Farm Inputs Quantity Unit Price / Unit Cost

Seeds 40 kg P 125/kg P 5,000.00

Fertilizer 4 bags P 1,200.00/bag P 4,800.00

Insecticides 1 Liter P 5,000.00/L P 5,000.00

Plowing 3 days P 400.00/day P 1,200.00

Harrowing 7 days P 400.00/day P 2,800.00

Total Cost P 18,800.00

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 References

Gladys S. Nivera, Grade 7 Mathematics - Patterns and Practicalities, ( Salesiana

Books by Don Bosco Press Inc., 2014), 128-171

Natasha Glydon, “Math on the farm”, Math Central, June 13, 2020
http://centraledesmaths.uregina.ca/RR/database/RR.09.05/glydon1.html

Bart Gietema, “Basic Calculation in Agriculture, Irrigation, and Animal Production

(Digirafi, Wageniye, The Netherlands, 2006) 7-15
http://www.ruralfinanceandinvestment.org/sites/default/files/1163528668803_Basic_calc
ulations_en.pdf

http://www.staff.vu.edu.au/mcaonline/units/measure/meauni.html

30
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.govph