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:Abstract *

To reproduce the classical experiment conducted by Osborne


.Reynolds concerning fluid flow condition

To determine Reynolds number for a specific flow and


determine the type of flow by controlling of the velocity flow
(laminar, transition, turbulent) .

To indicate that pipe flow will be laminar for (Re) less than 2000
and turbulent for (Re) greater than 4000 and the region between
2000 and 4000 is transition region.

:Results *
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m^3 -
.Viscosity of water = 1.002cp = 1.002 * 10^-3 pa. s -
Diameter of pipe (D) = 1 cm = 0.01 m -
Cross sectional area of pipe = (πD²/4 ) =7.854*10^-5 m - 3^
. m^3 = 10^3 L = 10^6 mL 1 -

:Experimental Results *
Visual Dye Volume of Time Q Velocity Re Re
Conditions (Water (L (s ) (m^3/s ) ((m/s (Average )
Laminar 0.315 60 5.25E-6 0.06684 667.066 677.895
Laminar 0.325 60 5.42E-6 0.06901 688.723

Visual Dye Volume of Time Q Velocity Re Re


Conditions (Water (L (s ) (m^3/s ) ((m/s (Average )
Transition 0.35 19.83 17.65E-6 0.22473 2242.814 2408.007
Transition 0.41 20.29 20.21E-6 0.25732 2573.2

Visual Dye Volume of Time Q Velocity Re Re


Conditions (Water (L (s ) (m^3/s ) ((m/s ((Average
Turbulent 0.92 20.25 45.43E-6 0.57678 5756.25 5799.306
Turbulent 0.92 20.09 45.79E-6 0.58307 5842.36

:Discussion *

They are three types of fluid flow Based on the results which
founded (laminar. turbulent. Transition).

From Q , the fluids average velocity is calculated given the


diameter of the pipe and from the water properties we can easily
compute Re which indicates the type of flow and this value of Re
.should agree with the range discussed above
In laminar flow and at law rate the dye from a straight line
and in the laminar flow is on motion perpendicular to the tube
axis for laminar flow Reynolds number is less than 2000.

In the laminar flow the dye was appear in turbulent was


disappear on the anther hand in transition dye line appear and
disappear.

From experiment we find that the Reynolds number for


laminar flow is (677.895 ) and this < 2000 and for turbulent we
find Reynolds number is (5799.306 ) and this is > 4000 and for
transition we find Reynolds number is (2408.007)and this
region of ( 2000- 4000 ) .

* We found error of experimental score with vary density of


water with vary temperature.

:Conclusions *
Reynolds number is a good tool for specifying the type of flow *
which could be laminar, transition or turbulent depending on the
.numerical value of this dimensionless group

From an experimental viewpoint, using the red dye in this *


experiment was very helpful in indicating which region our
.flow process in

Finally, the sources of error in calculating Re in this experiment *


could be personal; in reading the volume and observing the dye
.or instrumental but to a less extent
: References *
Noel de Nevers, Fluid Mechanics for Chemical -1
.Engineering, 3rd edition, Mc Graw-Hill
.( Manual sheets of fluid mechanics laboratory ( CHE 344 -2

:(Appendices (Sample of calculations *


Density of water = 1000 Kg/m^3 -
.Viscosity of water = 1.002cp = 1.002 * 10^-3 pa. s -
Diameter of pipe (D) = 1 cm = 0.01 m -
Cross sectional area of pipe = (πD²/4 ) =7.854*10^-5 m - 3^
m^3 = 10^3 L = 10^6 mL 1 - .

.(Q = Volume(L)/Time(s -

.(Velosity = Q/Area(m^2 -

.( )/( )*(Re = (D)*(V -

:For example
.(Volume = 315*10^-6 m^3 and time = 60 (s

.(Q = Volume/Time = (315*10^-6)/(60) = 5.25*10^-6 (m^3/s

Velosity = Q/AREA = (5.25*10^-6)/(7.854*10^-5) = .0668


.((m/s

Re= (1000)*(.01)*(.0668)/(1.002*10^-3) = 667.066

If 667.066< 2000
.Then laminar

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