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Cast of Characters and List of Acronymns


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Main Cast of Characters
(in Alphabetical Order)

CONGRESS

REP. SPENCER BACHUS (R-Alabama), ranking Republican on the


House Committee on Financial Services
SEN. MAX BAUCUS (D-Montana), chairman of the Senate Committee
on Finance
REP. ROY BLUNT (R-Missouri), House minority whip
REP. JOHN BOEHNER (R-Ohio), House minority leader
SEN. JIM BUNNING (R-Kentucky), member of the Senate Committee
on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
SEN. HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON (D–New York)
SEN. CHRISTOPHER DODD (D-Connecticut), chairman of the Senate
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
REP. RAHM EMANUEL (D-Illinois), chairman of the House Democratic
Caucus; later chosen as chief of staff by President-elect Barack
Obama
REP. BARNEY FRANK (D-Massachusetts), chairman of the House
Committee on Financial Services

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viii Main Cast of Characters

SEN. LINDSEY GRAHAM (R–South Carolina), national campaign


co-chairman for Sen. John McCain
SEN. JUDD GREGG (R–New Hampshire), ranking Republican on the
Senate Committee on the Budget
SEN. MITCH MCCONNELL (R-Kentucky), Senate minority leader
REP. NANCY PELOSI (D-California), Speaker of the House
SEN. HARRY REID (D-Nevada), Senate majority leader
SEN. CHARLES SCHUMER (D–New York), vice chairman of the Senate
Democratic Conference
SEN. RICHARD SHELBY (R-Alabama), ranking Republican on the
Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

FINANCIAL LEADERS AND THEIR ADVISERS

JOSEF ACKERMANN, chairman of the management board and CEO of


Deutsche Bank
HERBERT ALLISON, JR., chairman and CEO of TIAA-CREF; later
president and CEO of Fannie Mae
LLOYD BLANKFEIN, chairman and CEO of Goldman Sachs
WARREN BUFFETT, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway
H. RODGIN COHEN, chairman of Sullivan & Cromwell
MERVYN DAVIES, chairman of Standard Chartered Bank
JAMES DIMON, chairman and CEO of JPMorgan Chase
J. CHRISTOPHER FLOWERS, CEO of J.C. Flowers & Company
RICHARD FULD, chairman and CEO of Lehman Brothers
EDWARD HERLIHY, co-chairman of the executive committee of
Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz
JEFFREY IMMELT, chairman and CEO of General Electric
ROBERT KELLY, chairman and CEO of Bank of New York Mellon
RICHARD KOVACEVICH, chairman of Wells Fargo
KENNETH LEWIS, chairman and CEO of Bank of America
EDWARD LIDDY, chairman and CEO of AIG

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Main Cast of Characters ix

JOHN MACK, chairman and CEO of Morgan Stanley


HERBERT (BART) MCDADE III, president of Lehman Brothers
DANIEL MUDD, president and CEO of Fannie Mae
VIKRAM PANDIT, CEO of Citigroup
ROBERT RUBIN, former secretary of the Treasury; director and
senior counselor of Citigroup
ALAN SCHWARTZ, CEO of Bear Stearns
ROBERT SCULLY, vice chairman of Morgan Stanley
LAWRENCE SUMMERS, former secretary of the Treasury; chosen as
director of the National Economic Council by President-elect
Barack Obama
RICHARD SYRON, chairman and CEO of Freddie Mac
JOHN THAIN, chairman and CEO of Merrill Lynch
ROBERT WILLUMSTAD, CEO of AIG

FINANCIAL REGULATORS

SHEILA BAIR, chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance


Corporation
BEN BERNANKE, chairman of the Federal Reserve Board
CHRISTOPHER COX, chairman of the Securities and Exchange
Commission
JOHN DUGAN, comptroller of the currency
TIMOTHY GEITHNER, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York; later nominated for secretary of the Treasury by
President-elect Barack Obama
DONALD KOHN, vice chairman of the Federal Reserve Board
JAMES LOCKHART, director of the Federal Housing Finance
Agency
CALLUM MCCARTHY, chairman of the Financial Services Authority
(United Kingdom)
KEVIN WARSH, governor of the Federal Reserve Board

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x Main Cast of Characters

INTERNATIONAL LEADERS

ALISTAIR DARLING, chancellor of the Exchequer of the United


Kingdom
HU JINTAO, president of the People’s Republic of China
MERVYN KING, governor of the Bank of England
ALEXEI KUDRIN, finance minister of Russia
CHRISTINE LAGARDE, finance minister of France
ANGELA MERKEL, chancellor of Germany
VLADIMIR PUTIN, prime minister of Russia
NICOLAS SARKOZY, president of France
JEAN-CLAUDE TRICHET, president of the European Central Bank
WANG QISHAN, vice premier of the State Council of the People’s
Republic of China
WU YI, vice premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic
of China
ZHOU XIAOCHUAN, governor of the central bank of the People’s
Republic of China

PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES
AND THEIR RUNNING MATES

SEN. JOSEPH BIDEN, JR. (D-Delaware), vice presidential candidate for


the Democratic Party; later elected 47th vice president of the
United States
SEN. JOHN MCCAIN (R-Arizona), presidential candidate for the
Republican Party
SEN. BARACK OBAMA (D-Illinois), presidential candidate for the
Democratic Party; later elected 44th president of the United
States
GOV. SARAH PALIN (R-Alaska), vice presidential candidate for the
Republican Party

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Main Cast of Characters xi

TREASURY DEPARTMENT

MICHELE DAVIS, assistant secretary for public affairs and director of


policy planning
KEVIN FROMER, assistant secretary for legislative affairs
ROBERT HOYT, general counsel
DAN JESTER, contractor
NEEL KASHKARI, assistant secretary for international economics
and development and interim assistant secretary for
financial stability
JAMES LAMBRIGHT, chief investment officer of TARP
CLAY LOWERY, acting undersecretary for international affairs
JEB MASON, deputy assistant secretary for business affairs
DAVID MCCORMICK, undersecretary for international affairs
DAVID NASON, assistant secretary for financial institutions
JEREMIAH NORTON, deputy assistant secretary for financial
institutions policy
KARTHIK RAMANATHAN, director of the Office of Debt Management
ANTHONY RYAN, assistant secretary for financial markets
STEVEN SHAFRAN, senior adviser to the secretary of the Treasury
ROBERT STEEL, undersecretary for domestic finance; later president
and CEO of Wachovia
PHILLIP SWAGEL, assistant secretary for economic policy
JAMES WILKINSON, chief of staff
KENDRICK WILSON, contractor

WHITE HOUSE

JOSHUA BOLTEN, chief of staff


GEORGE W. BUSH, 43rd president of the United States
RICHARD CHENEY, 46th vice president of the United States
EDWARD GILLESPIE, counselor to the president

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xii Main Cast of Characters

KEITH HENNESSEY, assistant to the president for economic policy;


later director of the National Economic Council
JOEL KAPLAN, deputy chief of staff for policy
EDWARD LAZEAR, chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers
DANIEL MEYER, assistant to the president for legislative affairs

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Acronyms Used in the Text

ABCP: asset-backed commercial paper


AIG: American International Group
AMLF: Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Fund
Liquidity Facility
ARM: adjustable-rate mortgage
ASF: American Securitization Forum
BofA: Bank of America
CDO: collateralized debt obligation
CDS: credit default swap(s)
CIC: China Investment Corporation
CPP: capital purchase program
ECB: European Central Bank
ESF: Exchange Stabilization Fund
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHA: Federal Housing Administration
FHFA: Federal Housing Finance Agency
FSA: Financial Services Authority
FSB: Financial Stability Board

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456 Acronyms Used in the Text

GAO: Government Accountability Office


GDP: gross domestic product
GSE: government-sponsored enterprise (Fannie Mae, Freddie
Mac)
HERA: Housing and Economic Recovery Act
HUD: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
IASB: International Accounting Standards Board
IMF: International Monetary Fund
KDB: Korea Development Bank
LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate
LIBOR-OIS: London Interbank Offered Rate–overnight indexed
swap
LTCM: Long-Term Capital Management
MAC: material adverse change
MBS: mortgage-backed securities
MLEC: Master Liquidity Enhancement Conduit
NAV: net asset value
NEC: National Economic Council
OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OFHEO: Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight
OTC: over the counter
PDCF: Primary Dealer Credit Facility
PWG: President’s Working Group on Financial Markets
S&P 500: Standard & Poor’s 500 Index
SARS: severe acute respiratory syndrome
SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission
SED: Strategic Economic Dialogue
SIV: structured investment vehicle
TAF: Term Auction Facility
TALF: Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
TARP: Troubled Assets Relief Program

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Acronyms Used in the Text 457

TIAA-CREF: Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of


America and College Retirement Equities Fund
TLGP: Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
TSLF: Term Securities Lending Facility
WaMu: Washington Mutual

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