Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW
Project On
Political Science
Commonwealth Games 2010 :
An Overview
Submitted to:
Submitted by:
Ms. Monika Srivastava
Deeptanshu Singh
Asstt. Prof.
Semester - I
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Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya
Section A
National Law University
Roll No. 43
Lucknow
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Deeptanshu Singh
Sem I
Table of contents
Introduction …………………………………….4
Mascot of game ……………………….………. 4
Queens betton relay ……………………………..4
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Venues of Game …………………………………11
Conclusion …………………………………………22
Bibliography ……………………………………….23
Introduction
Commonwealth games second major sporting event after Olympic games, these
games are inspired by Olympic games.Recently India hosted its most precious
nineteenth Commonwealth Games 2010 in its capital city Delhi. It was after 28
years that India got the responsibility to host any such event. Before this India
hosted Asiad games in 1951 and then again in 1981. 71 teams from 52 countries
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from all over world i.e. the commonwealth nations participated in this huge
event. The games village was decorated like a bride for the events. Big
television screens were installed on the roadside to ease the residents of Delhi
to see the games going on in games village. Whole event was full of blast of
rumours and facts that brought shame to India in the global level. But India was
able to successfully organise its list of events in due course of time which was a
blow to all those criticizing India for hosting the event. But then also it is a need
to have a look over the whole procedure of hosting Commonwealth Games
2010 to check the amount of money used and wasted in the name of
commonwealth games. The newspapers from July only were full of the news of
games – the preparation of games and the discrepancies evolved as such. This
project is just an approach to overview India in Commonwealth Games 2010.
Mascot of game
The official mascot for the 2010 Commonwealth Games is Shera, an
anthropomorphised tiger. His name comes from "Sher", a hindi word meaning
tiger (Hindi "Bagh" means tiger. However, Sher is colloquially used for both
lion and tiger). The logo and the look for the games were designed by Idiom
Design and Consulting. There is one song for Shera also composed by the
popular composer of INDIA the song contains initiative "Shera Shera"
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The baton was designed by Michael Foley, a graduate of the National Institute
of Design. It is a triangular section of aluminium twisted into a helix shape and
then coated with coloured soils collected from all the regions of India. A jewel-
encrusted box was used to house the Queen's message, which was laser-
engraved onto a miniature 18 carat gold leaf—representative of the ancient
Indian 'patras. The Queen's baton is ergonomically contoured for ease of use. It
is 664 millimetres (26.1 in) high, 34 millimetres (1.3 in) wide at the base, and
86 millimetres (3.4 in) wide at the top and weighs 1,900 grams (67 oz).
■Embedded light emitting diodes (LEDs) which will change into the colours of
a country’s flag whilst in that country
Several concerns were raised over the preparations of the Games and these
included excessive budget overruns, likelihood of floods in Delhi due to heavy
monsoon rains, infrastructural compromise, poor living conditions at the
Commonwealth Games Village, delays in construction of the main Games'
venues, the withdrawal of prominent athletes, widespread corruption by
officials of the Games' Organising Committee and possibility of a terrorist
attack by militants.
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The 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi was criticized by several prominent
Indian politicians and social activists. One of the outspoken critics of the Games
is Mani Shankar Aiyar, former Indian Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports. In
April 2007, Aiyar commented that the Games are "irrelevant to the common
man" and criticized the Indian government for sanctioning billions of dollars for
the Games even though India requires massive investment in social
development programs. In July 2010, he remarked that he would be "unhappy if
the Commonwealth Games are successful". Miloon Kothari, leading Indian
expert on socio-economic development, questioned the justification of spending
billions of dollars on a 12-day sports event "when 46% of India's children and
55% of women are malnourished".
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than it would cost to actually buy the item. In one such case, 72 golf carts were
hired for 4.23 lakh (US$ 9,602.1) each, when they could have been purchased
for 1.84 lakh (US$ 4,176.8) each.
Weeks before the start of the Games, Indian media outlets highlighted the poor
construction standards at several of the main Games venues. In late September
2010, the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation remarked that the
Games Village were far from completion and needed a "deep clean" and New
Zealand's chef de mission even claimed that the Games might not take place
given the amount of work to be done. The concerns came to media attention in
late September 2010 after media outlets began reporting on "filthy and
unlivable conditions" and taking photos of paan stains and excrement in living
quarters at the games village. Just a day after these remarks, a footbridge under
construction near the Nehru Stadium collapsed, injuring 27 and seriously
injuring five. On 22 September 2010, some tiles at the wrestling stadium's false
ceiling caved in; however, there were no reported injuries. After the start of the
games, a large scoreboard at the rugby stadium toppled over, though before any
competitions had started in the stadium. Security concerns were highlighted by
an Australian TV crew from the Seven Network who claimed to have walked
past security with a suitcase containing a dummy bomb casing and its detonator
on 15 September, although the claim was later revealed to be 'bogus' and
dishonest journalism. Concerns of a terrorist attack were also raised following a
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gun attack that took place outside the Jama Masjid on 19 September 2010.
However, the Indian authorities stated that the shooting was a "one-off
incident".
More than a dozen athletes from Australia and England, mainly swimmers, fell
ill in the initial days of the swimming competitions. Early suspicions rested on
the quality of water in the swimming pools of the SPM Complex, but other
competing teams, including South Africa, reported no such illness. Daily water
quality tests were being carried out on the water of the pools, as mandated by
the event standards. Additional tests were ordered after news of the illnesses,
but they also did not find anything amiss. The Australian team's chief doctor,
Peter Harcourt, ruled that the "chances of the [Delhi] pool being the cause of the
problem is very remote" and praised the hygiene and food quality in the Delhi
Games Village.[158] He suggested that it could be a common case of Traveler's
diarrhea (locally called Delhi belly), or the Australian swimmers could have
contracted the stomach virus during their training camp in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia. English Olympic and Commonwealth gold-medalist swimmer
Rebecca Adlington said that the water quality was absolutely fine.
In another incident, three Ugandan officials were injured when the car they
were travelling in hit a security wheel stopper at the Games village. The
chairman of the Games' Organising Committee, Suresh Kalmadi, apologized to
the Ugandan High Commissioner to India for the freak car accident.
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The negative pre-event publicity and heavy security presence played in part in
low spectator attendance during the initial events. However the numbers picked
up as the Games progressed.
• Most sporting venues, including the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (track and
field) and the swimming complex was not ready by the August 1 deadline.
• The brand new shooting range was inaugurated in May, but embankments
have collapsed.
• Trial weightlifting and swimming events had to be canceled, because the sites
were not ready.
• The swimming stadium was inaugurated a few days back, but got flooded.
• The bidding process for catering was canceled, and will now be hurried
through (read higher costs and less choice!).
• At Khan Market, brand new granite pavements were too slippery and have
been dug up again!
• Also at the last moment one of the footbridge was collapsed which was later
constructed temporarily by army men at war footing time resulting in the loss of
approximately 10 crores.
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Opening ceremony
The nineteenth Commonwealth Games got off to an inspiring and magnificent
start on 3rd of October, 2010 at the Indian Capital with the opening ceremony,
which unfolded without any glitch. The Commonwealth Games, 2010, opening
ceremony which started on 7 P.M, put up a brilliant show of more than two
hours at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi. The ceremony beautifully
portrayed and upholded the great journey of India with all its unique
features. Almost 65,000 people gathered to watch out the mesmerizing show
put up by India at the CWG 2010 opening ceremony. The Jawaharlal Nehru
Stadium in Delhi roared with the rapturous applauds of the numerous visitors.
The Prince of Wales i.e. Prince Charles and his wife and Duchess of Cornwall,
Camilla were present at the opening ceremony of CWG, 2010, who were
acquainted to the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Delhi. They were accompanied
by the Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and the President of India,
Prathiba Patil.
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Games 2010 with their presence. The Commonwealth Games Theme Song
performed by A.R Rahman and the dazzling fireworks were also there to add to
the excitement and joy of the 19th Commonwealth Games being held in Delhi.
It even managed to start on time, to the very second, proving there are some
deadlines that Games organisers are capable of meeting.
But there was one person in the stadium who found it an uncomfortable night
after being roundly booed as he rose to make the opening speech during the
formal part of the proceedings.
The hostile reaction from spectators, prompting a quizzical look from the Prince
of Wales, showed exactly what they thought of such crowing.
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The opening and closing ceremonies was held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium,
which also hosted to athletics, lawn bowl and weight lifting. The stadium,
originally constructed for the Asian Games in 1982 and named after India's first
Prime Minister, will boast a seating capacity of 75,000 spectators post
renovation for the games.
The complex, a mere six kilometers from the Games Village, hosted cycling,
gymnastics & wrestling events.
The Yamuna Sports Complex hosted table tennis & the qualifying rounds of
archery
Security system
All the venues related to the Games were protected by 4 layers of tight security
– the outer, middle, inner and the exclusive levels. The elaborate and
“impregnable” security plan includes patrolling, deployment of
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plainclothesmen, widespread anti-sabotage checks, quick-reaction teams,
commando strike teams, snipers, and bomb-disposal squads. In addition, there
were extensive aerial reconnaissance over the entire area.
In the middle security cordon, both visitors and spectators were “channelised”
to designated seats at the venues concerned. The middle ring had apart from
electronic surveillance, snipers positioned on rooftops.
In the inner cordon, tickets were re-checked using barcode-screening and also
by using photos of the spectators taken. Vehicles of the VIPs, visiting
dignitaries, officials of the organising committee and of the participants and
their families were get checked through pre-allotted radio-frequency
identification, under-vehicle scanners and licence-plate scanners. Boom
barriers, road-blockers and tyre-killers will be put in place in order to prevent
forcible entry into any of the venues.
Any entry to the innermost level, or the exclusive zone, was permitted only
after a person is screened through manual frisking; door-frame detectors, metal
detectors and hand-held detectors; X-ray baggage scanners; and closed-circuit
television cameras. According to Special Commissioner of Police
(Administration) Neeraj Kumar, the ‘holistic’ security plan was carried out in
coordination with civic, medical, intelligence and security agencies.
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Mathura Road, the media centre at Pragati Maidan, besides the entire Delhi city
in general.
From the skies, planes of the Indian Air Force (IAF) and helicopter-borne
assault teams guarded all the facilities below.
All residential complexes, hotels and parking lots in the entire area were
“sanitised” and closed one week before the Games kicks off. Hotel-related
precautions included checking of the antecedents of all the hotel staff and
checking of the food for the participants.
All the participants were escorted by armed commandos; vehicles carrying the
athletes and officials will be subjected to anti-sabotage checks each morning;
antecedents of all the drivers will be verified; and fuelling and parking will be
only at designated places.
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The ISS, costing Rs 370 crore, is to cover all venues used for competitions and
training as well as the Games Village.
Seven days before the Games starts, a crack team of commandos, the Special
Operations Group (SOG), took over the security of Indira Gandhi International
(IGI) Airport in Delhi, where a large number of athletes, officials, dignitaries
and spectators are to land.
Medal table
Only the top ten nations by medal rank are shown in this medal table. Nations
are ranked first by count of gold medals, then silver medals, then bronze
medals.
Rank
Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Australia 74 55 48 177
2 India 38 27 36 101
3 England 37 59 46 142
4 Canada 26 17 32 75
South
5 12 11 10 33
Africa
6 Kenya 12 11 9 32
7 Malaysia 12 10 13 35
8 Singapore 11 11 9 31
9 Nigeria 11 10 14 35
10 Scotland 9 10 7 26
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Closing ceremony
Finally after a 10 days nail bitting competitions the Commonwealth games 2010
come to the end on 14 October 2010. Skies over the national capital lit with
multi-colour laser beams and fireworks as part of 160-minute closing ceremony
at the Jawaharlal Nehru stadium filled to capacity of 60,000 cheering sports
lovers including vice-president Mohammad Hamid Ansari, Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh, Congress President Sonia Gandhi as well as other sundry
VIPs.
The ceremony began with the arrival of dignitaries who included the Prime
Minister, the vice-president, UPA chairperson, CGF chief Michael Fennell and
Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa, the guest of honour.
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There was much excitement and euphoria in store when a tribute was paid to the
India's sporting spirit, aptly titled Agni -- a segment that featured the fiery and
passionate tradition of the country's martial arts. Chants of Agni shloka
preceded eight martial art forms -- Kalaripayattu, Naga warriors, Thangta,
Gatka, Silambam, Akhara, Dhan Patta, Talwar Raas -- that enthralled the
audience as skies lit up with dazzling fireworks.
Fourteen military bands, 17 pipes and drums of various regiments and batallions
of the Indian Army performed in unison as pigeons were set free. The
performers sprinkled the tri-colour of Indian flags, signifying the festival of
Holi in what turned out to be a visual delight.
The ceremonial flag handover segment began with Delhi chief minister Sheila
Dikshit saying, "In a few moments, the ceremonial flag will be entrusted to your
care so that in due time you deliver it to Glasgow." Official representative of the
2014 host city, Robert Winter, who is the Lord Provost of Glasgow, said, "This
duty I willingly undertake to fulfil," as the Games flag was lowered with an
Army band in the background.
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Musicians Taufique Qureshi, dhol players Kamal Sabri, Niladri Kumar, Bikram
Ghosh, Sivamani and Raghav Sachar performed in the event. There was also
further entertainment from singers Kailash Kher, Zila Khan, Sukhwinder, Ila
Arun, Usha Uthup, Shiamak Davar, Shankar Mahadevan, Shubha Mudgal,
Sunidhi Chauhan and Sreeram who belted out some Indian chartbursters.
• A quick audit reveals that out of the eight firms bidding or one contract,
five are owned by two business groups. This subverts the process of
inviting three contractors for a bid as the entire contract is awarded to a
single bidder
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Comprehensive Report on Commonwealth Games
Launched in Delhi: Panel of Experts Questions
Secrecy and Undemocratic Nature of CWG
Process
by Housing and Land Rights Network (HLRN), Wednesday 16 June 2010
• India’s decision to bid for the Commonwealth Games 2010 was non-
transparent and undemocratic and cost the country Rs. 137 crore. India
offered US $7.2 million to train athletes of all Commonwealth nations -
an offer which allegedly clinched the bid in India’s favour.
• The budget for the CWG has risen from an initial projection of Rs. 1,899
crore to an official figure of Rs. 10,000 crore and independent expert
estimates of Rs. 30,000 crore.
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• The increase in the Union Budget allocation for the CWG from the
Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports rose by 6,235% from 2005-06 to
2009-10.
• Over one lakh families have already been evicted due to CWG related
projects. 44 more JJ clusters are to be removed before the Games and an
estimated 30,000 - 40,000 families will be displaced.
• Experience from around the world has demonstrated that mega sports
events result in losses for the host country, especially when security costs
are factored in. India’s expenses for the CWG are likely to create a
negative financial legacy for the nation, the effects of which are already
visible in the form of higher cost of living and taxes for Delhi residents.
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• The Games are unlikely to improve sports in India since investment is
concentrated on stadiums, which lie largely unused after the event, as in
the case of the 1982 Asian Games.
Government auditor CAG will restart audit of expenses incurred for hosting
controversy-marred Commonwealth Games on October 15 -- a day after the
closing ceremony -- and would submit report within three months.
CAG had begun vetting the Games' expenditure in August. The audit work for
CWG is related to work payments, contracts and leasing of sports equipment
among others.
The official said the report would be submitted to the government by January-
end and they expect it to be presented in the Budget session of Parliament in
February. The official said that auditing of works is half-way and the works
have been suspended as the CAG inspection department could not access the
premises of Central Public Works Department (CPWD). In August last year,
the CAG had submitted an evaluation report to the Prime Minister's Office and
the sports ministry pointing out the slow pace of progress of all the projects
connected with the Games. The CAG study last year had also highlighted that
all the projects would struggle to finish on time. However, after the award of
Games-related work to India in 2003, no activity was undertaken till 2006.
The CAG audit would look into how the balance between the cost and quality
has been maintained and whether there has been any cost overrun. The CWG is
in the thick of allegations of corruption ranging from favouritism in award of
contracts to expensive hire of equipment for training and inflation in costs of
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building contracts. In an inspection report released in August this year, the CAG
had criticised the CWG Organising Committee over appointment of two
consultants for broadcast rights and sponsorship agreements.
The CVC report has asked the CBI to register a corruption case against certain
MCD officials in connection with irregularities in a tender issued for a
Commonwealth Games project worth several crores. There are reports that the
Central Vigilance Commission has asked the CBI to probe certain transactions
of the Games.
Official sources said a letter of complaint has been sent to the CBI asking for a
probe into alleged criminal conspiracy by unknown MCD officials while
granting work for upgradation of street lighting in the national capital.
They said the contractor who had got the job after quoting the lowest amount
for the project was later allegedly allowed to change the figures to earn more
profit.However, the exact amount of profits made by the contractor could not be
ascertained but officials believe it may run up to Rs. 20 crore.
The CVC has found serious discrepancies like award of works at higher rates to
bidders, poor quality of construction and grant of work to ineligible agencies in
different Games-related construction works being carried out by various
departments in the capital.
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have been noticed in 16 projects. The cost of the projects has been estimated to
be about Rs. 2,000 crore. Six of them are being done by Public Works
Department (PWD), three by Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), two each
by Central Public Works Department (CPWD), Delhi Development Authority
(DDA), New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) and one by RITES, a
Government of India Enterprise, the report said.
The CVC has asked Chief Vigilance Officers to re-examine all the tenders and
procurement process related to the projects. According to the report, "Almost all
the organisations executing works for Commonwealth Games have considered
inadmissible factors to jack-up the reasonable price to justify award of work at
quoted rates citing urgent or emergent circumstances. Despite higher rates,
poor site management and delays and quality compromises have been
observed."
Conclusion
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India successfully hosted the XIX Commonwealth Games 2010 from 3 Oct. to
14 Oct. 2010. It Not only hosted the games to its level of excitement but also
showed excellence in the games by holding 2 position with 101 medals
comprising of 38 gold, 27 silver and 36 bronze medals. Suresh Kalmadi, the
president was in continuous controversy for the last months regarding the
corruption and discrepancies in game. A total sum of Rs70,000 crores was used
to successfully organize the events. Now, the question which pops up in every
mind is that whether this huge amount was worth spending for the games? If not
then where does this Rs70,000 crores went? Who is responsible for it?
The answers to all the above questions are evolving steadily with the formations
of various commissions to investigate on the matter and their reports, some of
which has been given in this project. We cannot deny from the fact that the
government is taking appropriate steps to investigate over the matter. Recently
Suresh Kalmadi has been denied from his post of presidentship. Sonia Gandhi
has appointed a commission under the leadership of V K Shunghul to look over
the matter. The report of Central Vigilance Commission is still to come which
will further reveal the discrepancies and hidden corruption. But above all “All
well that ends well.” After so many news of collapsing of buildings, seepage of
ceilings etc the game ended with no complaints. We are proud to host such an
event.
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Bibliography
• http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/corruption-scandal-hits-2010-games-
organisers-deny-charges-40991
• http://dailymailnews.com/0810/07/Editorial_Column/DMEditorial.php
• http://2010commonwealthgamesindia.blogspot.com/
• http://www.sacw.net/article1476.html
• \
http://www.thecgf.com/media/games/2010/2010_eval_report.
pdf
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