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United Nations

Educational, Scientific and Scientific Committee United Nations


Cultural Organization on Problems of the Environment Environment Programme

Division of Ecological and


Earth Sciences

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Vˆ“>ÌiÊ V…>˜}i]Ê LÞÊ “>ˆ˜Ì>ˆ˜ˆ˜}Ê >˜`Ê
i˜…>˜Vˆ˜}Êi˜ÛˆÀœ˜“i˜Ì>Ê>˜`ÊVՏÌÕÀ>Ê
ÃiÀۈViÃ]Ê Ü…ˆiÊ ˆ˜VÀi>Ș}Ê ÃÕÃÌ>ˆ˜>LiÊ
«Àœ`ÕV̈ۈÌÞ]Ê>˜`ÊÃ>vi}Õ>À`ˆ˜}ʘÕÌÀˆÌˆœ˜>Ê
µÕ>ˆÌÞÊ >˜`Ê Ì…iÊ `ˆÛiÀÈÌÞÊ œvÊ vœœ`Ê >˜`Ê
v>À“ˆ˜}ÊÃÞÃÌi“ð

International Assessment of Agricultural


Knowledge, Science and Technology
for Development
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Key finding: The environmental shortcomings of agricultural -œVˆ> ÊÃÃÕiÃ


practice associated with poor socioeconomic conditions vviVÌà ՓLiÀʜvÊ«iœ«iÊ>vviVÌi`
create a vicious cycle in which poor small-scale farmers *œÛiÀÌÞÊ Î]Óääʓˆˆœ˜
have to deforest and use new, often marginal lands, so ˜Vœ“iʏiÃÃÊ̅>˜Ê1-fÓÉ`>Þ
increasing deforestation and overall degradation. (# 4) >VŽÊœvʓˆVÀœ˜ÕÌÀˆi˜ÌÃÊ Ó]äääʓˆˆœ˜
iwVˆi˜VÞʈ˜ÊۈÌ>“ˆ˜ÃÊ>˜`ʓˆ˜iÀ>ÃÊ­iëiVˆ>ÞÊ
6ˆÌ>“ˆ˜Ê]ÊÀœ˜Ê>˜`Ê<ˆ˜V®

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1˜…i>Ì…ÞÊ`ˆiÌÃÊ>˜`ʏˆviÃÌޏiÊÊÊÊ

՘}iÀÊ Ê™ääʓˆˆœ˜
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6Տ˜iÀ>LˆˆÌÞÊ̜Ê`ˆÃi>ÃiÊ Èä¯ÊœvÊ`i>̅ÃÊÊÊ
VœÃÞÃÌi“Ê`i}À>`>̈œ˜ >˜ÕÌÀˆÌˆœ˜ÊÜi>Ži˜ÃÊ̅iʈ““Õ˜iÊÃÞÃÌi“Ê `ÕiÊ̜ʈ˜viV̈œ˜ÃÊ>˜`Ê«>À>ÈÌiÃÊÊÊ
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ˆ“>ÌiÊV…>˜}iÊ }ÀˆVՏÌÕÀiÊÀi뜘ÈLiÊÊ
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œ`ˆwi`ÊvÀœ“Êi>ŽiÞ]Ê,°,° °]Ê/V…œÕ˜`iÕ]Ê<°]Ê-V…ÀiVŽi˜LiÀ}]Ê°]Ê-…>VŽi̜˜]Ê-°Ê>˜`Ê-…>VŽi̜˜]Ê
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˜ÌiÀ˜>̈œ˜>ÊœÕÀ˜>ÊœvÊ}ÀˆVՏÌÕÀ>Ê-ÕÃÌ>ˆ˜>LˆˆÌÞÊÎ\Ê£‡Óΰ

Ó
Ü>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°Ê

Key finding: Projections based on a continuation of current


policies and practices indicate that global demographic Տ̈‡v՘V̈œ˜>Ê>}ÀˆVՏÌÕÀiÊÊ
changes and changing patterns of income distribution ˆ˜Ìi}À>̈˜}ÊÜVˆ>]ÊÊ
over the next 50 years will lead to different patterns iVœ˜œ“ˆVÊ>˜`Êi˜ÛˆÀœ˜“i˜Ì>Ê>ëiVÌÃ
of food consumption and increased demand for food.
Global cereal demand is projected to increase by 75%
between 2000 and 2050 and global meat demand Key finding: Agriculture operates within complex social,
is expected to double. More than three-fourths of growth economic and environmental systems and so should be
in demand in both cereals and meat is projected to be seen as multifunctional in its nature. A multifunctional
in developing countries. (# 5) approach to AKST will enhance impact on the alleviation
of hunger and poverty, and improve human nutrition and
livelihoods in an equitable and sustainable manner. (# 6)
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iÀÌÞʈÃÊ̅iʼވi`Ê}>«½ÊqÊ̅iÊ`ˆvviÀi˜ViÊLiÌÜii˜Ê«œÌi˜Ìˆ>Ê>˜`Ê>VÌÕ>Ê
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ÌʈÃʜvÌi˜Ê̅iÊÀiÃՏÌʜvʏ>˜`ÊVi>À>˜Vi]Ê`i«iÌi`Ê܈Ê…i>Ì…Ê>˜`ÊviÀ̈‡ 

Տ̈Û>̈œ˜Ê>˜` ,iVœ}˜ˆÌˆœ˜ÊœvÊ
Vœ““iÀVˆ>ˆâ>̈œ˜ÊÊ ÊÊÊÌÀ>`ˆÌˆœ˜>Ê>˜`Ê
"

6
ˆÌÞ]Ê>˜`ʏˆ“ˆÌi`ʈ˜Ã̈ÌṎœ˜>Êˆ˜ÛiÃ̓i˜Ìʈ˜ÊÃÕ««œÀ̈˜}Ê>˜`ÊÅ>Àˆ˜}Ê œvÊÌÀ>`ˆÌˆœ˜>ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ`ˆÛiÀÈvˆi`

,"
œV>Þ‡>««Àœ«Àˆ>Ìiʈ˜˜œÛ>̈œ˜ÃÊ>˜`Ê`iÛiœ«ˆ˜}Ê«>À̈Vˆ«>̜ÀÞÊ«>Vi‡
vœœ`ÃÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ "" ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊʏ>˜`ÊÕÃi

"

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­Ìœ˜˜iî >ÀŽï˜}
i˜ÛˆÀœ˜“i˜Ì>Ê
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n ÃiÀۈViÃ
/À>`i ˆœ`ˆÛiÀÈÌÞ

È
iÈ}˜\Ê1 *É, ‡Ài˜`>]ÊïÊ iÀ}iÀ
{ 9ˆi`Ê}>«
Key finding: An increase and strengthening of AKST
Ó towards greater adoption of agroecological sciences
will contribute to addressing environmental issues while

ä maintaining and increasing productivity. (# 7)


i>ÃÌÊ`iÛiœ«i` Ê`iÛiœ«ˆ˜} iÛiœ«i`
VœÕ˜ÌÀˆià VœÕ˜ÌÀˆià VœÕ˜ÌÀˆià "HSPFDPMPHJDBMTDJFODFTQSPWJEFBOJOUFSEJTDJQMJOBSZGSBNFXPSL
-œÕÀVi\Ê"°Ê-Ì>̈Ã̈VÃÊÓäää UIBUJOUFHSBUFTCJPQIZTJDBM FDPMPHJDBMBOETPDJBMTDJFODFTJOUIFTUVEZ
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…œÜÊ܈ÊˆÌÊLiÊ«œÃÈLiÊÊ PSDBOCFEFTJHOFEUPTUSFOHUIFOUIFQSPWJTJPOPGBHSPFDPTZTUFN
HPPETBOETFSWJDFT JODMVEJOHGPPE DMFBOXBUFS TPJMIFBMUIBOE
̜ÊÀi`ÕViÊ«œÛiÀÌÞÊ>˜`ʓ>ˆ˜Ì>ˆ˜ÊÊ
DSPQQSPUFDUJPO
>˜`Êi˜…>˜ViÊi˜ÛˆÀœ˜“i˜Ì>ÊÊ
>˜`ÊVՏÌÕÀ>ÊÃiÀۈViÃÊ܅ˆiʈ˜VÀi>Ș}ÊÊ Key finding: Significant pro-poor progress requires creating

ÃÕÃÌ>ˆ˜>LiÊ«Àœ`ÕV̈ۈÌÞÊ>˜`Ê`ˆÛiÀÈÌÞÊÊ opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship


which explicitly target resource-poor farmers and rural
œvÊ>}ÀˆVՏÌÕÀ>Ê«Àœ`ÕV̈œ˜¶ labourers. (# 13)

Î
Ü>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°ÊÜ>ÞÊvœÀÜ>À`Ê°°°

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achieving development and sustainability goals. (# 8, 19) NFOU QSFDJTJPOGBSNJOH MPDBMJOOPWBUJPOTJODSPQNBOBHFNFOU
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Key finding : Many of the challenges facing agriculture
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currently and in the future will require more innovative
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and integrated applications of existing knowledge,
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science and technology (formal, traditional and community-
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are essential to the successful design and adoption
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of ecologically and socially sustainable agricultural
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