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IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Movement
& Position
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Intended Learning Outcomes
Paper-1 &
Students will be assessed on their ability to: Paper-2
1.3 Plot and explain distance-time graphs.
1.4 Know and use the relationship between avg speed, distance
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑
moved, and time taken. (avg speed= 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 )
1.5 Practical: Investigate the motion of everyday objects
such as toy cars or tennis balls.
1.6 Know and use the relationship between acceleration, change in
𝑣−𝑢
velocity and time taken 𝑎 = 𝑡
1.7 Plot and explain velocity-time graphs.
1.8 Determine acceleration from the gradient of the velocity-time
graphs.
1.9 Determine the distance travelled from the area between the velocity-time graph and
the time axis.
▪ 2.0 Use the relationship between final speed, initial speed, acceleration and
distance moved.(𝑣 2 = 𝑢2 + 2𝑎𝑠)
Distance & Displacement
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Distance & Displacement
The length of the path
between two points is
called the distance.
B Distance has no specific
direction.
Displacement is the
distance(straight) travelled
in a particular direction .
The speed of an
object at a particular
moment in time is
called instantaneous
speed
Instantaneous speed
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Average speed
The ratio between the total distance moved and the
total time taken for a journey is called the average
speed of an object.
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
𝑠 Don’t use ‘d’ as a
𝑣= symbol for distance!
𝑡
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Units of speed
m
𝑠
m/s 𝑣= s-distance moved
𝑡 t-time taken
v-speed
s
SI unit of speed is metre per second(m/s).
Concept learning:
𝑠 240 𝑘𝑚
𝑣= 𝑣= = 80 𝑘𝑚/h
𝑡 3ℎ
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
𝒔 Example:
𝑠
𝑡=
𝑣
𝒗 × 𝒕
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Concept learning:
𝑠 250 𝑘𝑚
𝑣= 𝑡= =5ℎ
𝑡
50 𝑘𝑚/ℎ
𝑠
t=
𝑣
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Concept learning:
𝑠
𝑣= 𝑘𝑚
𝑡 𝑠 = 60 × 2ℎ = 120 𝑘𝑚
ℎ
𝑠 =𝑣×𝑡
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
1 𝑘𝑚 1000 𝑚 5 1
= = 𝑚/s = 𝑚/𝑠
1ℎ 3600 𝑠 18 3.6
❑ Divide the (km/h) speed value by 3.6 and write the answer
in m/s.
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Concept learning:
72 ÷ 3.6 = 20 m/s
Or
72 𝑘𝑚 72×1000 𝑚
= = 20 m/s
1ℎ 1×3600 𝑠
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Concept learning:
25 × 3.6 = 90 km/h
Or
25 𝑚 25×0.001 𝑘𝑚
= = 90 km/h
1𝑠 1÷3600 ℎ
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Practical:
INVESTIGATE THE MOTION OF EVERYDAY OBJECTS SUCH AS TOY
CARS OR TENNIS BALLS
(𝐴𝐵) AB= ….
𝑣=
𝑡
h (cm) 𝒕(𝒔)
𝑡1 + 𝑡2 + 𝑡3
𝑡=
3
Alternative methods.
Distance-time graphs IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
(s-t graphs)
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
Time(s) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Distance(m) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Distance(m)
𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒚
Gradient = 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒙
30
25 (𝟑𝟎−𝟓) 𝒎 𝟐𝟓
Gradient = = m/s = +2.5 m/s
20 𝟏𝟐−𝟐 𝒔 𝟏𝟎
s(m)
Properties of the graph.
s(m)
Nishan Wanasinghe
1.3 Distance-time graphs(s-t graphs) IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
s(m)
Properties of the graph.
Nishan Wanasinghe
IGCSE(9-1)-Physics
s(m)
Distance-time
graphs(s-t graphs)
Summery
t(s)
Next: Velocity & Acceleration