Professional Documents
Culture Documents
To :
Ms. Monika Bansal
Department of Business Studies
We sincerely thank Ms. Monika Bansal and our friends for the help extended
by them for the successful completion of the project report.
Date:
Countersigned
Signature
(Ms.Monika Bansal) (Alka Singh)
Signature
(Sneha Garg)
INTRODUCTION
Deming and Juran introduced statistical quality control to Japanese
workers after WW II, as a part of General Mc. Arthur’s rebuilding
programme. Although this was not much different from what was being
done in America, there was one vital difference. They convinced top
Japanese managers that quality improvement would open new world markets
and was necessary for survival of their nations. The managers believed and
fully supported the concept of quality improvement.
The Japanese were in ideal position to embrace this philosophy. The
country was devasted from the war, and they had few natural resources with
which to compete, except their people. During the next 20 years, while the
Japanese were improving quality at an unprecedented rate, quality levels in
the west remained stagnant. Western Manufacturers had little need to focus
on quality. America had a virtual monopoly in Manufacturing, and the Post
war economy was hungry for nearly any kind of consumer good. Top
managers focused their efforts on Marketing, Production quantity and
financial performance.
Definition and Meaning :-
“ Total Quality Management is defined as an integrated approach in
delighting the customer (both internal & external) by meeting their
expectations on a continuous basis, through every one involved with the
organization, working on continuous improvement along with proper
problem solving methodology.”
TQM as a Foundation :-
TQM is the foundation for activities which include;
1. The gathering of information and its analysis before actions are taken,
2. the use of brainstorming(creating possible solutions) before evaluating
ideas generated and
3. Evaluation of success.
This cycle using different terminology, is also called the Deming cycle,
where its components are PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, and Act).
Need for TQM
1. Rising customer expectations
2. Increasing competitive pressure and competitive position of
Organization
3. Internal pressure for improvement
4. Low value addition in existing methods
5. To get the best from the people
6. Changing perceptions of vendors and customers
7. Managers and work force perceptions
8. Organizational priorities for improvement
9. To survive
For Six Sigma practitioners who may not be familiar with TQM, the
program has three main components -- Just in Time (JIT), Total Quality
Control (TQC) and Total Employee Involvement (TEI). The relationship
between the three legs of TQM is: JIT exposes the cause of problems; TQC
helps provide a solution to problems. Lastly, since the employees do all
improvements; they need to be involved in the process of change. TEI helps
elicits this involvement.
Benefits of having TQM
• Information sharing
Some organizations treat process action teams like candy: They want
dessert before having dinner.
There has been a known case of 3000-person organization with over 70
current process action teams (PATs) working on a variety of issues. The
organization avoids measuring their success, provides them little technical
support, and still has not addressed the systematic changes needed to support
them. This implementation strategy has a high risk of failure, and TQM will
probably not become an integral part of their culture.
This problem occurs when an organization achieves successes with its
first teams or hears about wild successes of other companies.
The policy statement was simple and direct: ‘Xerox is a quality company.
Quality is the basic business principle for Xerox. Quality means providing
our external and internal customers with innovative products and services
that fully satisfy their requirements. Quality is the job of every Xerox
employee.’
Conclusion:-
Through TQM a company can win awards like Malcolm Baldrige quality
award and also can gain recognition from ISO and others like a Deming
Company or Juran Company.
TQM not only helps in improving Productivity but also will help the Co.
to outstand in today’s cut throat competition.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites
1. www.skyenet.net
2. www.improve.org
3. www.isixsigma.com
4. www.mazur.net
5. www.wikipedia.org