FREE REMEDIAL CLASSES

Presentation Composition by –Dinesh Kumar

 FREE
REMEDIAL
CLASSES
Jagriti Vihar, Meerut
Mob: 8171304743
Free Remedial classes
 CONTENTS

•Nouns •Pronouns
•Gender •Adjectives
•Number •Verbs
•Articles •Helping Verbs
 CONTENTS…

•Subject –Verb •Subject and

Agreement Predicate
•Modals •The Sentence
•Adverbs •Conjunctions
•Prepositions •Punctuations
 CONTENTS…

•Interjections and •Idioms

Question Tags •Synonyms
•Contractions • Antonyms
•Homophones • Prefixes
•Similes •Suffixes
•Idioms
 CONTENTS…

•Sound Words
•Paragraph Writing
•Comprehension
•Picture Composition
•Letter Writing
 DETAILS
of each topic for brief explanation…
 NOUN

• A noun is the name of a person, place animal

or thing. There are five types of nouns. They
are -
• 1. Common Noun. 2. Proper Noun
• 3. Collective Noun 4. Material Noun, and
• 5. Abstract Noun
 PROPER NOUN

• A Proper Noun is a name of a particular

person, place, animal or thing. Proper nouns
always begin with capital letters.

e.g. Priyanshi, Shimla, Honda

 COMMON NOUN

•A Common Noun is a name common

to all persons, places, animals or
things of the same class or group.
e.g. doctor, village, giraffe, mat, etc...
 COLLECTIVE NOUN
•A Collective Noun is name given to a
collection of persons, places, animals or
things.
 MATERIAL NOUN

•A Material Noun denotes the matter or

substances of which things are made. For
example-

•This sweater is made of wool.

•She has worn a dress made of silk.
•I have a new leather purse.
 ABSTRACT NOUN

• An Abstract Noun is the name of a quality, action,

or state, that we cannot taste or see. We can only
feel and think about it. For example-

Honesty (quality), theft (action), childhood (state).

By adding a letter or a set of letters, we can change
adjectives, verbs and common nouns to make abstract
nouns.
 GENDER
• There are four kinds of Genders.
• A noun that stands for a male is a Masculine Gender.
• e.g. father, gentleman, boy, brother, uncle…
• A noun that stands for a female is a Feminine Gender.
• e.g. mother, lady, girl, sister, aunt, princess…
• A noun that stands neither for a male nor a female but is
common to both is a Common Gender.
• e.g. human, teacher, friend, soldier, animal, cushion…
 GENDER
• Note: For some words we add ‘-ess’ to the masculine nouns to form
the feminine gender.
• e.g. shepherd – shepherdess
• Host – ho stess
• Animals (common gender) and some birds can also be divided into
masculine and famine gender.
• e.g. lion – lioness
 NUMBER
• Singular means one, plural means more than one. Singular nouns
can be changed into their plural form in many ways:
• 1. by adding ‘s’
• Bee –bees
• Candle –candles
• Giraffe –giraffes
• Swing –swings
• Note: If there is a vowel before ‘y’ then only ‘s’ is added as in:
• Monkey –Monkeys
• Chimney –chimneys (more rules are there...)
 ARTICLES

Articles
• A, an and the are called articles. Articles are used before nouns. A
and an are called indefinite articles. The is called definite article.

• A and An
• A and an mean one. A and an are placed before countable nouns in
singular number. → a bat, a cat, an apple, an elephant.
We don’t say a water or an honesty as water and honesty are not
countable.
 ARTICLES
Articles
A & An
• A is used before a consonant. → a book, a pen
• An is used before a vowel sound. → an apple, an honest person, an
hour.

The
• We use a or an when we mean any person or thing. We use the when
we mean a particular person or thing.
• Take a book. (any book) → Take the book lying on the table. ( a
particular book)
Pronouns PRONOUNS
A word that is used in place of a noun is called a pronoun.
Mrs Shipra is the principal of this school. She is a great scholar. All the
students respect her.
• She, her → Mrs Shipra
TYPES OF PRONOUNS
1. Personal Pronouns
2. Demonstrative Pronouns
3. Interrogative Pronouns
4. Reflexive pronouns.
5. Emphasising Pronouns
6. Possessive Pronouns.
 ADJECTIVES
• Words that tell more about nouns are called adjectives. They tell us
what kind of, how many, how much, what colour etc., persons, places,
animals and things are.

• 1. Rani is a clever girl. (what kind of a girl?)

• 2. She gave me a red pen. (pen of what colour?)
• 3. Ashok won two prizes. (how many prizes?)
 ADJECTIVES
• Adjective of Quality: An adjective which tells us of what kind a person
or thing is, is called an adjective of quality.
• Adjective of Quantity: An adjective that tells us how much of a thing is
meant is called an adjective of quantity.
• Adjective of Number: An adjective that tells us how many person or
things are meant, is called an adjective of number.
• The child has many toys. The octopus has eight legs.
 ADJECTIVES
• Demonstrative Adjectives: An adjective that is used to point out some
person or thing is called a demonstrative adjective.
• That tree is very tall.
• Interrogative Adjectives: An adjective which, when used with a noun ,
asks a question, I called an interrogative adjective.
• Whose house is that?
• Possessive Adjectives: An adjective that shows possession or
belonging is called a possessive adjective.
• This is my bicycle.
 ADJECTIVES
DEGREE OF COMPARISION
 ADJECTIVES
DEGREE OF COMPARISION
 ADJECTIVES
DEGREE OF COMPARISION
 VERBS
A verb is a word which expresses an action or tells something about a
person or thing.

Be is the only verb that denotes being. Is, are, am, was, were, will be,
shall be are various forms of verb be.
Have shows possessing. Have, has, had, will have, shall have are various
forms.
 VERBS
Remember that :
Most verbs are doing verbs. Be and its forms suggest being.

Transitive Verb: A verb that requires an object to complete its sense is called a
transactive verb. ( I like____. → I like Pizza.)
Intransitive Verb: A verb that doesn’t require an object to make sense but
makes good sense by itself is called an intransitive verb. (Rahul shouted.)
Incomplete Verb: If the verb doesn’t express an action, doesn’t show
possession, we call such verb as Incomplete Verb. (Ashok is Happy.)
Simi Seems → Simi seems sad.
(Here, the word “sad” is added to complete the meaning and to complete the
predicate, such words are called complement to the Verb.
HELPING VERBS
 SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
• Rule #1: A Clause Between the Subject and Verb Will Not Change the
Verb
• Rule #2: Use a Plural Verb if Two Singular Subjects are Joined with
“And”
• Rule #3: Inverted Subjects Must Still Agree With the Verb
• Rule #4: If Two Or More Subjects Are Joined With “Or”, Use the Closest
to the Verb for Agreement
• Rule #5: Indefinite Pronouns Normally Take Singular Verbs
• Rule #6: Collective Nouns Can be Singular OR Plural
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
 MODALS AUXILIARIES
• Modal auxiliaries are shall, should, will, would, can, could,
may, might, must, dare, need, ought to, used to.
• Modal auxiliaries are used along with the main verbs and
not alone, together the main verbs that follow the modal
auxiliary convey the mode or manner of actions indicated
by the verbs. They express such ideas as possibility, ability,
probability, permission, obligation or duty etc.
 ADVERBS
Adverbs –Words that tell more about verbs are called Adverbs.
1. An adverb of manner. (She walked slowly. Walked how? –slowly)
2. An adverb of place (We live here. Live where? –here)
3. An adverb of time (It rained yesterday. rained when? –yesterday)
4. An adverb of frequency (He is always late. late how often? –always)
5. An adverb of degree (I fully agree with you. agree to what degree?
–fully)
 ADVERBS
1. Adverb of manner how –adverb
2. Adverb of place where –adverb
3. Adverb of time when –adverb
4. Adverb of frequency how often –adverb
5. Adverb of degree how much –adverb
 PREPOSITION
• Preposition is a word which shows the relationship between a noun or
a pronoun and some other words in a sentence.
 THE SENTENCE
• The Sentence: A sentence is a group of words that makes a compete
sense.
1. What are you doing?
2. Homework doing?
3. I am doing my home work.
4. This bus no go to Chandigarh.
5. This bus does not go to Chandigarh.
Of these five 1, 3 and 5 are sentences for they make complete sense.
 THE SENTENCE
• Types of Sentences:
1. Assertive of Declarative Sentence.
India is our country.
2. Interrogative Sentence.
What are you doing?
3. Imperative Sentence.
Sit Down.
4. Exclamatory Sentence.
How beautiful the flower is!
CONJUNCTIONS
CONJUNCTIONS
PUNCTUATION
INTERJECTION
INTERJECTION & QUESTION
TAG
 QUESTION TAG

• A question tag is a short question which consist

of only two sords such as –am I, aren’t they,
hasn’t she, haven’t’ you, wasn’t he, etc.
QUESTION TAG
CONTRACTIONS
CONTRACTIONS
CONTRACTIONS
 HOMOPHONES

• Words that are similar in sound but are spelt

differently and have different meaning are called
Homophones.
HOMOPHONES
SIMILES
SIMILES
SIMILES
 IDIOMS

• An idiom is an expression that has a meaning

different from what the words suggest and is
very useful when writing composition etc.
 IDIOMS

• An idiom is an expression that has a meaning

different from what the words suggest and is
very useful when writing composition etc.
 SYNONYMS

• Synonyms are words having the same or almost the

same meaning.
SYNONYMS
 ANTONYMS
• Antonyms are words having the opposite
meaning.
• Able unable
• Absence presence
• Join separate
• High low
• Natural artificial
• Failure success …
ANTONYMS
ANTONYMS
 SUBJECT & PREDICATE
• Go to next slide
SUBJECT & PREDICATE
SUBJECT & PREDICATE
 PREFIXES

• A Prefix is a letter or a group of letters added in

front of a word to make a new word with a
different meaning
 PREFIXES

• A Prefix is a letter or a group of letters added in

front of a word to make a new word with a
different meaning
 SUFFIXES

• When a letter or a group of letters is added to the

end of a word and that changes the meaning of the
word or the way it is used, it is called a Suffix.
 SUFFIXES

• When a letter or a group of letters is added to the

end of a word and that changes the meaning of the
word or the way it is used, it is called a Suffix.
SOUND WORDS
PARAGRAPH WRITING
COMPREHENSION
PICTURE COMPOSITION
LETTER WRITING