Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Index ........................................................... 53
Important Changes
Taxation of U.S. social security benefits re-
ceived by nonresident aliens. Beginning in
1995, 85% of any U.S. social security benefit
received by a nonresident alien is subject to
tax at a rate of 30%, unless exempt by treaty.
This section describes the two tests you must purposes if you meet the substantial presence
Regular commuters from Canada or Mex-
use to determine if you are a resident alien of test for the calendar year. To meet this test,
ico. Do not count the days on which you com-
you must be physically present in the United
the United States. It also discusses a special mute to work in the United States from your
States on at least:
rule for aliens who interrupt their U.S. resi- residence in Canada or Mexico if you regularly
dency and explains how tax treaties affect the 1) 31 days during the current year, and commute from Canada or Mexico. You are
two tests. 2) 183 days during the 3-year period that in- considered to commute regularly if you com-
You are a resident alien of the United cludes the current year and the 2 years mute to work in the United States on more
States for tax purposes if you meet either the immediately before that, counting: than 75% of the workdays during your work-
green card test or the substantial presence ing period.
test for the calendar year (January 1–Decem- a) All the days you were present in the For this purpose, commute means to
current year (1995), and travel to work and return to your residence
ber 31). Even if you do not meet either of these
tests, you may be able to choose to be treated b) 1/ 3 of the days you were present in the within a 24-hour period. Workdays are the
as a U.S. resident for part of the year. See first year before the current year days on which you work in the United States or
First-Year Choice under Dual Status Aliens, (1994), and Canada or Mexico. Working period means
later. Special rules apply for the first and last the period beginning with the first day in 1995
c) 1/ 6 of the days you were present in the
years of residency (the dual-status tax years). on which you are physically present in the
second year before the current year
See Chapter 6. United States to work and ending on the last
(1993).
day in 1995 on which you are physically pre-
sent in the United States to work. If your work
Green Card Test Example. You were physically present in requires you to be present in the United States
You are a resident for tax purposes if you are a the United States on 120 days in each of the only on a seasonal or cyclical basis, your work-
lawful permanent resident of the United States years 1993, 1994, and 1995. To determine if ing period begins on the first day of the season
at any time during the calendar year. (How- you meet the substantial presence test for or cycle on which you are present in the United
1995, count the full 120 days of presence in States to work and ends on the last day of the
ever, see Dual Status Aliens, later.) This is
1995, 40 days in 1994 (1/ 3 of 120), and 20 days season or cycle on which you are present in
known as the ‘‘green card’’ test. You are a law-
in 1993 ( 1/ 6 of 120). Since the total for the 3- the United States to work. You can have more
ful permanent resident of the United States at
year period is 180 days, you are not consid- than one working period in 1995, and your
any time if you have been given the privilege,
ered a resident under the substantial pres- working period can begin in one calendar year
according to the immigration laws, of residing
ence test for 1995. and end in the following calendar year.
permanently in the United States as an immi-
The term United States includes the Example. Maria Perez lives in Mexico and
grant. You generally have this status if the Im-
following:
migration and Naturalization Service (INS) has works for Compa’nia ABC in its office in Mex-
issued you an alien registration card, also 1) All 50 states and the District of Columbia, ico. She was assigned to her firm’s office in
known as a ‘‘green card.’’ You continue to 2) The territorial waters of the United States, the United States from February 3, 1995,
have resident status under this test unless it is and through June 1, 1995. On June 2, she re-
taken away from you or is administratively or sumed her employment in Mexico. There were
judicially determined to have been 3) The seabed and subsoil of those subma- 76 workdays in the working period beginning
rine areas that are adjacent to U.S. territo- on February 3, 1995, and ending on June 1,
abandoned.
rial waters and over which the United 1995. On 69 days, Maria commuted each
Resident status is considered to have
States has exclusive rights under interna- morning from her home in Mexico to work in
been taken away from you if the U.S. govern-
tional law to explore and exploit natural Compa’nia ABC’s U.S. office. She returned to
ment issues you a final administrative or judi-
resources. her home in Mexico on each of those eve-
cial order of exclusion or deportation. A final
judicial order is an order that you may no nings. On 7 days, she worked in her firm’s
The term does not include U.S. possessions Mexico office. For purposes of the substantial
longer appeal to a higher court of competent
and territories or U.S. air space. presence test, Maria does not count the days
jurisdiction.
she commuted to work in the United States
An administrative or judicial determination
of abandonment of resident status may be ini- Days of Presence in because those days equal more than 75% of
the United States the workdays during the working period (69
tiated by you, the INS, or a U.S. consular of-
workdays in the United States divided by 76
ficer. If you initiate the determination, your res- You are treated as present in the United
workdays in the working period equals
ident status is considered to be abandoned States on any day if you are physically present
90.8%).
when you file either of the following with the in the country at any time during the day. How-
INS or U.S. consular officer: ever, there are exceptions to this rule. Do not
Days in transit. For the substantial presence
count the following as days of presence in the
1) Your application for abandonment, or test, do not count the days you are in the
United States for the substantial presence
United States for less than 24 hours and you
2) Your Alien Registration Receipt Card at- test:
are in transit between two places outside the
tached to a letter stating your intent to 1) Days you commute to work in the United United States. You are considered to be in
abandon your resident status. States from a residence in Canada or transit if you engage in activities that are sub-
Mexico if you regularly commute from Ca- stantially related to completing travel to your
You must file the letter by certified mail, return nada or Mexico. foreign destination. For example, if you travel
receipt requested. You must keep a copy of between airports in the United States to
2) Days you are in the United States for less
the letter and proof that it was mailed and change planes en route to your foreign desti-
than 24 hours when you are in transit be-
received. nation, you are considered to be in transit.
tween two places outside the United
If the INS or U.S. consular officer initiates States. However, you are not considered to be in
this determination, your resident status will be transit if you attend a business meeting while
considered to be abandoned when the final 3) Days you were unable to leave the United in the United States. This is true even if the
administrative order of abandonment is is- States because of a medical condition meeting is held at the airport.
sued. If you are granted an appeal to a federal that developed while you were in the
court of competent jurisdiction, a final judicial United States. Medical condition. For the substantial pres-
order is required. 4) Days you were an exempt individual. ence test, do not count the days you intended
Australia TIAS 10773 Dec. 1, 1983 1986–2 C.B. 220 1986–2 C.B. 246.
Austria TIAS 3923 Jan. 1, 1957 1957–2 C.B. 985 T.D. 6322, 1958–2 C.B. 1038.
Barbados TIAS 11090 Jan. 1, 1984 1991–2 C.B. 436 1991–2 C.B. 466
Protocol TIAS Jan. 1, 1994
Belgium TIAS 7463 Jan. 1, 1971 1973–1 C.B. 619
Protocol TIAS 11254 Jan. 1, 1988
Canada2 TIAS 11087 Jan. 1, 1985 1986–2 C.B. 258 1987–2 C.B. 298.
China, People’s Rep. of TIAS Jan. 1, 1987 1988–1 C.B. 414 1988–1 C.B. 447.
Commonwealth of TIAS 8225 Jan. 1, 1976 1976–2 C.B. 463 1976–2 C.B. 475.
Independent States4
Cyprus TIAS 10965 Jan. 1, 1986 1989–2 C.B. 280 1989–2 C.B. 314.
Czech Republic TIAS Jan. 1, 1993
Denmark TIAS 1854 Jan. 1, 1948 1950–1 C.B. 77 T.D. 5692, 1949–1 C.B. 104;
T.D. 5777, 1950–1 C.B. 76.
Egypt TIAS 10149 Jan. 1, 1982 1982–1 C.B. 219 1982–1 C.B. 243.
Finland TIAS Jan. 1, 1991
France TIAS 6518 Jan. 1, 1967 1968–2 C.B. 691 T.D. 6986, 1969–1 C.B. 365.
Protocol TIAS 7270 Jan. 1, 1970 1972–1 C.B. 438
Protocol TIAS 9500 Jan. 1, 1979 1979–2 C.B. 411 1979–2 C.B. 428.
Protocol TIAS 11096 Oct. 1, 1985 1987–2 C.B. 326
Protocol TIAS Various
Germany TIAS Jan. 1, 19903
Greece TIAS 2902 Jan. 1, 1953 1958–2 C.B. 1054 T.D. 6109, 1954–2 C.B. 638.
Hungary TIAS 9560 Jan. 1, 1980 1980–1 C.B. 333 1980–1 C.B. 354.
Iceland TIAS 8151 Jan. 1, 1976 1976–1 C.B. 442 1976–1 C.B. 456.
India TIAS Jan. 1, 1991
Indonesia TIAS 11593 Jan. 1, 1990
Ireland TIAS 2356 Jan. 1, 1951 1958–2 C.B. 1060 T.D. 5897, 1952–1 C.B. 89.
Israel TIAS Jan. 1, 1995
Italy TIAS 11064 Jan. 1, 1985 1992–1 C.B. 442 1992–1 C.B. 473
Jamaica TIAS 10207 Jan. 1, 1982 1982–1 C.B. 257 1982–1 C.B. 291.
Japan TIAS 7365 Jan. 1, 1973 1973–1 C.B. 630 1973–1 C.B. 653.
Korea, Republic of TIAS 9506 Jan. 1, 1980 1979–2 C.B. 435 1979–2 C.B. 458.
Luxembourg TIAS 5726 Jan. 1, 1964 1965–1 C.B. 615 1965–1 C.B. 642.
Malta TIAS 10567 Jan. 1, 1982 1984–2 C.B. 339 1984–2 C.B. 366.
Mexico TIAS Jan. 1, 1994 1994–34 I.R.B. 4 1994–34 I.R.B. 69
Morocco TIAS 10195 Jan. 1, 1981 1982–2 C.B. 405 1982–2 C.B. 427.
Netherlands TIAS Jan. 1, 1994
New Zealand TIAS 10772 Jan. 1, 1984 1990–2 C.B. 274 1990–2 C.B. 303.
Norway TIAS 7474 Jan. 1, 1971 1973–1 C.B. 669 1973–1 C.B. 693.
Protocol TIAS 10205 Jan. 1, 1982 1982–2 C.B. 440 1982–2 C.B. 454.
Pakistan TIAS 4232 Jan. 1, 1959 1960–2 C.B. 646 T.D. 6431, 1960–1 C.B. 755.
Philippines TIAS 10417 Jan. 1, 1983 1984–2 C.B. 384 1984–2 C.B. 412.
Poland TIAS 8486 Jan. 1, 1974 1977–1 C.B. 416 1977–1 C.B. 427.
Romania TIAS 8228 Jan. 1, 1974 1976–2 C.B. 492 1976–2 C.B. 504.
Russia TIAS Jan. 1, 1994
Slovak Republic TIAS Jan. 1, 1993
Spain TIAS Jan. 1, 1991
Sweden TS 958 Jan. 1, 1940 1940–2 C.B. 43 T.D. 4975, 1940–2 C.B. 43.
Supplemental TIAS 5656 Various 1965–1 C.B. 626 1965–1 C.B. 674.
Switzerland TIAS 2316 Jan. 1, 1951 1955–2 C.B. 815 T.D. 5867,1951–2 C.B. 75;
T.D. 6149, 1955–2 C.B. 814.
Trinidad and Tobago TIAS 7047 Jan. 1, 1970 1971–2 C.B. 479
Tunisia TIAS Jan. 1, 1990
United Kingdom TIAS 9682 Jan. 1, 1975 1980–1 C.B. 394 1980–1 C.B. 455.
1
(TIAS)–Treaties and Other Internat ional Act Series; (TS)–Treaty Series.
2
The Canadian Treaty also may be found in Publication 597, Information on the United States—Canada Income Tax Treaty.
3
The general effective date for the area that was the German Democratic Republic is January 1, 1991.
4
The U.S.—U.S.S.R. income tax treaty applies to the following countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
U.S. Tax Law Aliens should find out if they have been
made known to, and have been accepted by, Before leaving the United States, all aliens
Employees of foreign countries who do not the Secretary of State as officers or employ- (except those listed next under Aliens Not Re-
qualify under a tax treaty provision and em- ees of that organization, or if they have been quired To Obtain Sailing or Departure Permits)
ployees of international organizations should designated by the Secretary of State, before must obtain a certificate of compliance. This
see if they can qualify for exemption by meet- formal notification and acceptance, as pro- document, also popularly known as the sail-
ing the following requirements of U.S. tax law. spective officers or employees. ing permit or departure permit, is part of the
If you are not a citizen of the United States, Employees of an international organization income tax form you must file before leaving.
or if you are a citizen of the United States but claiming exemption should know the number You will receive a sailing or departure permit
also a citizen of the Philippines, and you work of the Executive Order covering their organiza- after filing a Form 1040–C or Form 2063.
for a foreign government in the United States, tion and should have some written evidence of These forms are discussed in this chapter.
your foreign government salary is exempt from their acceptance or designation by the Secre- You generally must pay all U.S. income tax
U.S. tax if you perform services similar to tary of State. due on your income subject to U.S. tax during
those performed by U.S. Government employ- The exemption is denied when, because the tax year up to the date you leave when you
ees in that foreign country and that foreign the Secretary of State determines the alien’s file for your sailing or departure permit. Any
government grants an equivalent exemption. presence in the United States is no longer de- taxes due for past years will also have to be
If you work for an international organization in sirable, an employee leaves the United States paid. However, in some situations, if you can
the United States, your salary from that source (or after a reasonable time allowed for leaving demonstrate to the Internal Revenue Service
is exempt from U.S. tax. the United States). The exemption is also de- that your departure does not endanger the col-
nied when a foreign country does not allow lection of tax, you can receive a sailing or de-
Certification. To qualify for the exemption similar exemptions to U.S. citizens. Then the parture permit without paying tax at that time.
under U.S. tax law, the foreign government for Secretary of State can withdraw the privileges,
If you try to leave the United States without
which you work must certify to the Department exemptions, and immunities from the nation-
a sailing or departure permit, and cannot show
of State that you are their employee and that als of that foreign country.
that you qualify to leave without it, you may be
you perform services similar to those per- subject to an income tax examination by an
formed by employees of the United States in IRS employee at the point of departure. You
your country. However, see the following dis-
cussion that may affect your qualifying for this
Diplomatic must then complete the necessary income tax
returns and statements and, ordinarily, pay
exemption. Representatives, any taxes due.
Page 47
Appendix A
This appendix contains the whose treaty you claim exemption] before beginning study or training]. qualifies for exemption from with-
statements nonresident alien stu- on the date of my arrival in the I am claiming this exemption only holding of federal income tax
dents must file with Form 8233, United States. I am not a U.S. citi- for such period of time as is rea- under the tax treaty between the
Exemption From Withholding on zen. I have not been lawfully ac- sonably necessary to complete United States and Egypt in an
Compensation for Independent corded the privilege of residing the education or training. amount not in excess of $3,000 for
Personal Services of a Nonresi- permanently in the United States any tax year. I have not previously
dent Alien Individual, to claim a tax as an immigrant. Cyprus claimed an income tax exemption
treaty exemption from withholding I am temporarily present in the I was a resident of Cyprus on the under that treaty for income re-
of tax on compensation for depen- United States for the primary pur- date of my arrival in the United ceived as a teacher, researcher, or
dent personal services. See Chap- pose of studying at [ in- States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I student before the date of my arri-
ter 8 for more information on sert the name of the university or have not been lawfully accorded val in the United States.
withholding. other accredited educational insti- the privilege of residing perma- I will be present in the United
tution at which you study]. nently in the United States as an States only for such period of time
Belgium, Iceland, Japan, I will receive compensation for immigrant. as may be reasonably or customa-
Korea, Norway, Poland, personal services performed in the rily required to effectuate the pur-
I am temporarily present in the
United States. This compensation pose of this visit.
and Romania qualifies for exemption from with-
United States for the primary pur-
I arrived in the United States on
I was a resident of [ insert pose of studying at [ in-
holding of federal income tax [ insert the date of your
the name of the country under sert the name of the university or
under the tax treaty between the last arrival in the United States
whose treaty you claim exemption] other recognized educational insti-
United States and [ insert before beginning study at the U.S.
on the date of my arrival in the tution at which you study].
the name of the country under educational institution]. The treaty
United States. I am not a U.S. citi- I will receive compensation for
whose treaty you claim exemption] exemption is available only for
zen. I have not been lawfully ac- personal services performed in the
in an amount not in excess of compensation paid during a period
corded the privilege of residing United States. This compensation
$2,000 for any tax year. I have not of five tax years beginning with the
permanently in the United States previously claimed an income tax qualifies for exemption from with-
tax year that includes my arrival
as an immigrant. exemption under this treaty for in- holding of federal income tax
date, and for such period of time
I am temporarily present in the come received as a teacher, re- under the tax treaty between the
as is necessary to complete, as a
United States for the primary pur- searcher, or student before the United States and Cyprus in an
full-time student, educational re-
pose of studying at [ in- date of my arrival in the United amount not in excess of $2,000 for
quirements as a candidate for a
sert the name of the university or States. any tax year. I have not previously postgraduate or professional de-
other recognized educational insti- I will be present in the United claimed an income tax exemption gree from a recognized educa-
tution at which you study]. States only for such period of time under that treaty for income re- tional institution.
I will receive compensation for as may be reasonably or customa- ceived as a student before the
personal services performed in the rily required to effectuate the pur- date of my arrival in the United
United States. This compensation States. Germany
pose of this visit. I was a resident of the Federal Re-
qualifies for exemption from with- I arrived in the United States on I arrived in the United States on
holding of federal income tax [ insert the date of your public of Germany on the date of
[ insert the date of your my arrival in the United States. I
under the tax treaty between the last arrival in the United States last arrival in the United States
United States and [ insert before beginning study at the U.S. am not a U.S. citizen. I have not
before beginning study at the U.S. been lawfully accorded the privi-
the name of the country under educational institution]. The treaty educational institution]. The treaty
whose treaty you claim exemption] lege of residing permanently in the
exemption is available only for exemption is available only for
in an amount not in excess of United States as an immigrant.
compensation paid during a period compensation paid during a period
$2,000 for any tax year. I have not I am temporarily present in the
of five tax years. of five tax years beginning with the
previously claimed an income tax United States as a student or busi-
tax year that includes my arrival
exemption under this treaty for in- ness apprentice for the purpose of
date, and for such additional pe-
come received as a teacher, re-
People’s Republic of full-time study or training at
riod of time as is necessary to
searcher, or student before the China complete, as a full-time student,
[ insert the name of the
date of my arrival in the United I was a resident of the People’s accredited university, college,
educational requirements as a
States. Republic of China on the date of school or other educational institu-
candidate for a postgraduate or
I will be present in the United my arrival in the United States. I tion]; or, I am temporarily present
professional degree from a recog-
States only for such period of time am not a U.S. citizen. I have not in the United States as a recipient
nized educational institution.
as may be reasonably or customa- been lawfully accorded the privi- of a grant, allowance, or award
rily required to effectuate the pur- lege of residing permanently in the from [insert the name of
United States as an immigrant. Egypt the nonprofit organization or gov-
pose of this visit. I was a resident of Egypt on the
I am present in the United ernment institution providing the
I arrived in the United States on date of my arrival in the United
States solely for the purpose of my grant, allowance, or award].
[ insert the date of your States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I
education or training. I will receive compensation for
last arrival in the United States have not been lawfully accorded
I will receive compensation for dependent personal services per-
before beginning study at the U.S. the privilege of residing perma-
personal services performed in the formed in the United States. This
educational institution]. The treaty nently in the United States as an
United States. This compensation compensation qualifies for exemp-
exemption is available only for immigrant.
qualifies for exemption from with- tion from withholding of federal in-
compensation paid during a period
holding of federal income tax I am temporarily present in the come tax under the tax treaty be-
of five tax years beginning with the United States for the primary pur-
under the tax treaty between the tween the United States and the
tax year that includes my arrival
United States and the People’s pose of studying at [ in- Federal Republic of Germany in an
date.
Republic of China in an amount sert the name of the university or amount not in excess of $5,000 for
not in excess of $5,000 for any tax other recognized educational insti- any tax year, provided that such
France, and year. tution at which you study]. services are performed for the pur-
Trinidad and Tobago I arrived in the United States on I will receive compensation for pose of supplementing funds oth-
I was a resident of [ insert [ insert the date of your personal services performed in the erwise available for my mainte-
the name of the country under last arrival in the United States United States. This compensation nance, education, or training.
Page 48
I arrived in the United States on have not been lawfully accorded United States. I am not a U.S. citi- name of the nonprofit organization
[ insert the date of your the privilege of residing perma- zen. I have not been lawfully ac- or government institution providing
last arrival in the United States nently in the United States as an corded the privilege of residing the grant, allowance or award].
before beginning study at the U.S. immigrant. permanently in the United States I will receive compensation for
educational institution]. The treaty I am temporarily present in the as an immigrant. services performed in the United
exemption is available only for United States for the primary pur- I am temporarily present in the States. This compensation quali-
compensation paid during a period pose of studying at [ in- United States for the primary pur- fies for exemption from withhold-
of four tax years beginning with the sert the name of the university or pose of studying at [ in- ing of federal income tax under the
tax year that includes my arrival other recognized educational insti- sert the name of the university or tax treaty between the United
date. other recognized educational insti- States and Spain in an amount not
tution at which you study].
tution at which you study]. in excess of $5,000 for any tax
I will receive compensation for
I will receive compensation for year.
personal services performed in the
Indonesia personal services performed in the I arrived in the United States on
United States. This compensation United States. This compensation [ insert the date of your
I was a resident of Indonesia on
qualifies for exemption from with- qualifies for exemption from with- last arrival in the United States
the date of my arrival in the United
holding of federal income tax holding of federal income tax before beginning study at the
States. I am not a United States
citizen. I have not been lawfully ac- under the tax treaty between the under the tax treaty between the United States educational institu-
corded the privilege of residing United States and Morocco in an United States and Philippines in an tion]. The treaty exemption is avail-
permanently in the United States amount not in excess of $2,000 for amount not in excess of $3,000 for able only for compensation paid
as an immigrant. any tax year. I have not previously any tax year. I have not previously during a period of five tax years be-
I am temporarily present in the claimed an income tax exemption claimed an income tax exemption ginning with the tax year that in-
United States solely for the pur- under that treaty for income re- under that treaty for income re- cludes my arrival date.
pose of study at [ insert ceived as a student before the ceived as a teacher, researcher, or
the name of the university or other date of my arrival in the United student before the date of my arri- Tunisia
accredited educational institution States. val in the United States. I was a resident of Tunisia on the
I arrived in the United States on I will be present in the United date of my arrival in the United
at which you study ]; or, I am tem-
[ insert the date of your States only for such period of time States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I
porarily present in the United
last arrival in the United States as may be reasonably or customa- have not been lawfully accorded
States as a recipient of a grant, al-
before beginning study at the U.S. rily required to effectuate the pur- the privilege of residing perma-
lowance or award from
pose of this visit. nently in the United States as an
[ insert the name of the nonprofit educational institution]. The treaty
I arrived in the United States on immigrant.
organization or government insti- exemption is available only for
[ insert the date of your I am temporarily present in the
tution providing the grant, allow- compensation paid during a period last arrival in the United States United States for the purpose of
ance, or award]for the primary pur- of five tax years, beginning with before beginning study at the U.S. full-time study, training, or re-
pose of study, research, or the tax year that includes my arri- educational institution]. The treaty search at [ insert the
training. val date. exemption is available only for name of the university or other ac-
I will receive compensation for compensation paid during a period credited educational institution at
services performed in the United of five tax years beginning with the
Pakistan which you study, train, or perform
States. This compensation quali- tax year that includes my arrival
I am a resident of Pakistan. I am research].
fies for exemption from withhold- date.
not a U.S. citizen. I have not been I will receive compensation for
ing of federal income tax under the services performed in the United
tax treaty between the United lawfully accorded the privilege of
residing permanently in the United Spain States. This compensation quali-
States and Indonesia in an amount I was a resident of Spain on the fies for exemption from withhold-
not in excess of $2,000 for my tax States as an immigrant.
date of my arrival in the United ing of federal income tax under the
year, provided such services are I am temporarily present in the
States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I tax treaty between the United
performed in connection with my United States solely as a student
have not been lawfully accorded States and Tunisia in an amount
studies or are necessary for my at [ insert the name of the the privilege of residing perma- not in excess of $4,000 for any tax
maintenance. recognized university, college or nently in the United States as an year.
I arrived in the United States on school in the United States at immigrant. I arrived in the United States on
[ insert the date of your which you study]. I am temporarily present in the [ insert the date of your
last arrival in the United States I will receive compensation for United States for the primary pur- last arrival in the United States
before beginning study at the U.S. personal services performed in the pose of studying or training at before beginning study at the
educational institution]. The treaty United States. This compensation [ insert the name of the United States educational institu-
exemption is available only for qualifies for exemption from with- university or other accredited edu- tion]. The treaty exemption is avail-
compensation paid during a period holding of federal income tax cational institution at which you able only for compensation paid
of five tax years beginning with the under the tax treaty between the study or train]; or, I am temporarily during a period of five tax years be-
tax year that includes my arrival United States and Pakistan in an present in the United States as a ginning with the tax year that in-
date. amount not in excess of $5,000 for recipient of a grant, allowance, or cludes my arrival date.
any tax year. award from [ insert the
Morocco
I was a resident of Morocco on the Philippines
date of my arrival in the United I was a resident of the Philippines
States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I on the date of my arrival in the
Page 49
Appendix B
This appendix contains the come to the United States for the or other recognized educational in- qualifies for exemption from with-
statements nonresident alien purpose of teaching, engaging in stitution in the United States for a holding of federal tax under the tax
teachers and researchers must file research, or participating in scien- period not expected to exceed two treaty between the United States
with Form 8233, Exemption From tific, technical, or professional con- years for the purpose of teaching and [ insert the name of
Withholding on Compensation for ferences at [ insert the or engaging in research at the country under whose treaty
Independent Personal Services of name of the governmental agency [ insert the name of the you claim exemption ]. I have not
a Nonresident Alien Individual, to or institution, educational or scien- educational institution], which is a previously claimed an income tax
claim a tax treaty exemption from tific institution, or organization recognized educational institution. exemption under this treaty for in-
withholding of tax on compensa- sponsoring a professional confer- I will receive compensation for my come received as a teacher, re-
tion for dependent personal ser- ence ], which is a governmental teaching or research activities. searcher, or student before the
vices. See Chapter 8 for more in- agency or institution, an educa- The teaching or research com- date of my arrival in the United
formation on withholding. tional or scientific institution, or an pensation received during the en- States.
organization sponsoring a profes- tire tax year (or for the portion of Any research I perform will be
Austria, Denmark, sional conference. I will receive the year from to ) undertaken in the public interest
Ireland, Pakistan, and compensation for my teaching, re- qualifies for exemption from with- and not primarily for the private
search, or conference activities. holding of federal tax under the tax benefit of a specific person or
Switzerland persons.
The teaching, research, or con- treaty between the United States
I am a resident of [ insert
ference compensation received and [ insert the name of I arrived in the United States on
the name of the country under
during the entire tax year (or during the country under whose treaty [ insert the date of your
whose treaty you claim exemption]
the period from to ) you claim exemption ]. I have not last arrival in the United States
. I am not a U.S. citizen. I have not
qualifies for exemption from with- previously claimed an income tax before beginning the teaching or
been lawfully accorded the privi-
holding of federal tax under the tax exemption under this treaty for in- research services for which the ex-
lege of residing permanently in the
treaty between the United States come received as a teacher, re- emption is claimed]. The treaty ex-
United States as an immigrant.
and the former Union of Soviet So- searcher, or student before the emption is available only for com-
I am a professor or teacher vis- pensation received during a period
iting the United States for the pur- cialist Republics. I have not previ- date of my arrival in the United
ously claimed an income tax ex- States. of two years beginning on that
pose of teaching at [ in- date.
sert the name of the educational emption under that treaty for Any research I perform will be
institution at which you teach ], income received as a teacher, re- undertaken in the public interest
which is a recognized educational searcher, conference participant, and not primarily for the private Germany
institution. I will receive compen- or student before the date of my benefit of a specific person or I am a resident of the Federal Re-
sation for my teaching activities. arrival in the United States. persons. public of Germany. I am not a
The teaching compensation re- Any research I perform will not I arrived in the United States on United States citizen. I have not
ceived during the entire tax year be undertaken primarily for the [ insert the date of your been lawfully accorded the privi-
(or during the period from benefit of a private person or com- last arrival in the United States lege of residing permanently in the
to ) qualifies for exemption mercial enterprise of the United before beginning the teaching or United States as an immigrant.
from withholding of federal tax States or a foreign trade organiza- research services for which ex- I am a professor or teacher vis-
under the tax treaty between the tion of [ insert name of emption is claimed]. The treaty ex- iting the United States for the pur-
United States and [ insert C.I.S. member ], unless the re- emption is available only for com- pose of advanced study, teaching,
the name of the country under search is conducted on the basis pensation received during a period or research at [insert the
whose treaty you claim exemption] of intergovernmental agreements of two years beginning on that name of the accredited university,
. I have not previously claimed an on cooperation. date. college, school, or other educa-
income tax exemption under this I arrived in the United States on tional institution, or a public re-
treaty for income received as a [ insert the date of your search institution or other institu-
Belgium and Japan tion engaged in research for the
teacher or student before the date last arrival in the United States
I was a resident of [ insert public benefit]. I will receive com-
of my arrival in the United States. before beginning the teaching, re-
the name of the country under pensation for my teaching, re-
I arrived in the United States on search, or conference services for
whose treaty you claim the exemp- search, or study activities.
[ insert the date of your which exemption is claimed ]. The
tion] on the date of my arrival in the The compensation received
last arrival into the United States treaty exemption is available only
United States. I am not a U.S. citi- during the entire tax year (or during
before beginning the teaching ser- for compensation received during
zen. I have not been lawfully ac- the period from to
vices for which exemption is a period of two years beginning on
corded the privilege of residing ) for these activities quali-
claimed]. The treaty exemption is that date.
permanently in the United States fies for exemption from withhold-
available only for compensation as an immigrant. ing of federal tax under the tax
paid during a period of two years Egypt, Hungary, Korea, I have accepted an invitation
beginning on that date. treaty between the United States
Philippines, Poland, and by the U.S. government, or by a and the Federal Republic of Ger-
Romania university or other recognized edu- many. I have not previously
Commonwealth of I was a resident of [ insert cational institution in the United claimed an income tax exemption
Independent States the name of the country under States, to come to the United under that treaty for income re-
I am a resident of [ insert whose treaty you claim exemption] States for the purpose of teaching ceived as a student, apprentice, or
name of C.I.S member]. I am not a on the date of my arrival in the or engaging in research at trainee during the immediately pre-
U.S. citizen. I have not been law- United States. I am not a U.S. citi- [ insert the name of the ceding period. (If, however, follow-
fully accorded the privilege of re- zen. I have not been lawfully ac- educational institution], which is a ing the period in which the alien
siding permanently in the United corded the privilege of residing recognized educational institution. claimed benefits as a student, ap-
States as an immigrant. permanently in the United States I will receive compensation for my prentice, or trainee, that person re-
I have accepted an invitation as an immigrant. teaching or research activities. turned to the Federal Republic of
by a governmental agency or insti- I have accepted an invitation The teaching or research com- Germany and resumed residence
tution in the United States, or by an by the U.S. government (or by a pensation received during the en- and physical presence before re-
educational or scientific research political subdivision or local au- tire tax year (or during the portion turning to the United States as a
institution in the United States, to thority thereof), or by a university of the year from to ) teacher or researcher, that person
Page 50
may claim the benefits of this citizen. I have not been lawfully ac- is available only for compensation compensation for my teaching,
treaty.) corded the privilege of residing paid during a period of two years lecturing, or research activities.
Any research I perform will be permanently in the United States beginning on that date. The teaching, lecturing, or re-
undertaken in the public interest as an immigrant. Any research I perform will be search compensation received
and not primarily for the private I am visiting the United States undertaken in the public interest during the entire tax year (or during
benefit of a specific person or for the purpose of teaching or con- and not primarily for the private the period from to )
persons. ducting research at [ in- benefit of a specific person or qualifies for exemption from with-
I arrived in the United States on sert the name of the university, persons. holding of federal tax under the tax
[ insert the date of your college, or other recognized edu- treaty between the United States
last arrival into the United States cational institution]. I will receive and the People’s Republic of
before beginning the services for compensation for my teaching or
Jamaica
China. I have not previously
which the exemption is claimed ]. study activities. I was a resident of Jamaica on the
claimed an income tax exemption
The treaty exemption is available The teaching or research com- date of my arrival in the United
under that treaty for income re-
only for compensation paid during pensation received during the en- States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I
ceived as a teacher, lecturer, re-
a period of two years beginning on tire tax year (or during the period have not been lawfully accorded
searcher, or student before the
that date. from to ) for the privilege of residing perma-
date of my arrival in the United
these activities qualifies for ex- nently in the United States as an
States.
immigrant.
Iceland and Norway emption from withholding of fed- Any research I perform will be
I was a resident of [ insert eral tax under the tax treaty be- I am visiting the United States
undertaken in the public interest
the name of the country under tween the United States and India. for the purpose of teaching or con-
and not primarily for the private
whose treaty you claim exemption] Any research I perform will be ducting research for a period not
benefit of a specific person or
on the date of my arrival in the undertaken in the public interest expected to exceed two years at
persons.
United States. I am not a U.S. citi- and not primarily for the private [ insert the name of the
I arrived in the United States
zen. I have not been lawfully ac- benefit of a specific person or educational institution at which
[ insert the date of your
corded the privilege of residing persons. you teach or conduct research ],
last arrival in the United States
permanently in the United States I arrived in the United States on which is a recognized educational
before beginning your teaching,
as an immigrant. [ insert the date of your institution. I will receive compen-
lecturing, or research activities ].
I have accepted an invitation last arrival into the United States sation for my teaching or research
The treaty exemption is available
by the U.S. government, or by a before beginning the services for activities.
only for compensation received
university or other recognized edu- which the exemption is claimed ]. The teaching or research com- during a maximum aggregate pe-
cational institution in the United The treaty exemption is available pensation received during the en- riod of three years.
States for a period not expected to only for compensation paid during tire tax year (or during the period
exceed two years for the purpose a period of two years beginning on from to ) qualifies
of teaching or engaging in re- that date. for exemption from withholding of France
search at [ insert the federal tax under the tax treaty be- I was a resident of France on the
name of the educational institu- date of my arrival in the United
Indonesia tween the United States and Ja-
States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I
tion], which is a recognized educa- I was a resident of Indonesia on maica. I have not previously
tional institution. I will receive com- claimed an income tax exemption have not been lawfully accorded
the date of my arrival in the United
pensation for my teaching or under that treaty for income re- the privilege of residing perma-
States. I am not a U.S. citizen. I
research activities. ceived as a teacher, researcher, or nently in the United States as an
have not been lawfully accorded
The teaching or research com- student before the date of my arri- immigrant.
the privilege of residing perma-
pensation qualifies for exemption nently in the United States as an val in the United States. I have accepted an invitation
from withholding of federal tax immigrant. by the U.S. government or by a uni-
I arrived in the United States on
under the tax treaty between the I have accepted an invitation versity or other accredited educa-
[ insert the date of your
United States and [ insert by [ insert the name of the tional or research institution in the
last arrival in the United States
the name of the country under university, college, school, or other United States to come to the
before beginning the teaching or
whose treaty you claim exemption] similar educational institution ] to United States for the purpose of
research services for which ex-
. I have not previously claimed an come to the United States solely teaching or engaging in research
emption is claimed]. The treaty ex-
income tax exemption under this for the purpose of teaching or en- emption is available only for com- at [ insert the name of the
treaty for income received as a gaging in research at that educa- pensation paid during a period of
educational or research institution]
teacher, researcher, or student tional institution. I will receive com- two years beginning on that date. , which is an accredited educa-
before the date of my arrival in the pensation for my teaching or tional or research institution. I will
United States. research activities. receive compensation for my
Any research I perform will not The teaching or research com-
People’s Republic of teaching or research activities.
be undertaken primarily for the pri- pensation received during the en- China The teaching or research com-
vate benefit of a specific person or tire tax year (or during the period I was a resident of the People’s pensation received during the en-
persons. from to ) quali- Republic of China on the date of tire tax year (or during the period
I arrived in the United States on fies for exemption from withhold- my arrival in the United States. I from to ) qualifies
[ insert the date of your ing of federal tax under the tax am not a U.S. citizen. I have not for exemption from withholding of
last arrival in the United States treaty between the United States been lawfully accorded the privi- federal tax under the tax treaty be-
before beginning the teaching or and Indonesia. I have not previ- lege of residing permanently in the tween the United States and
research services for which ex- ously claimed an income tax ex- United States as an immigrant. France. I have not previously
emption is claimed]. The treaty ex- emption under that treaty for in- I am visiting the United States claimed an income tax exemption
emption is available only for com- come received as a teacher or for the purpose of teaching, giving under that treaty for income re-
pensation received during a period researcher before the date speci- lectures, or conducting research at ceived as a teacher, researcher, or
of two years beginning on that fied in the next paragraph. [ insert the name of the student before the date of my arri-
date. I arrived in the United States on educational institution or scientific val in the United States.
[ insert the date of your ar- research institution at which you Any research I perform will be
India rival into the United States before teach, lecture, or conduct re- undertaken in the public interest
I was a resident of India on the beginning the teaching or research search], which is an accredited ed- and not primarily for the private
date of my arrival in the United services for which the exemption ucational institution or scientific re- benefit of a specific person or
States. I am not a United States is claimed]. The treaty exemption search institution. I will receive persons.
Page 51
I arrived in the United States on from governmental sources. I will researcher, or student before the benefit of a specific person or
[ insert the date of your receive compensation for my date of my arrival in the United persons.
last arrival in the United States teaching or research activities. States. I arrived in the United States on
before beginning the teaching or The compensation received Any research I perform will not [ insert the date of your
research services for which ex- during the entire tax year (or during be carried on for the benefit of any last arrival in the United States
emption is claimed]. The treaty ex- the period from to ) person using or disseminating the before beginning the teaching or
emption is available only for com- qualifies for exemption from with- results for purposes of profit. research services for which ex-
pensation received during a period holding of federal tax under the tax I arrived in the United States on emption is claimed]. The treaty ex-
of two years beginning on that treaty between the United States [ insert the date of your emption is available only for com-
date. last arrival in the United States pensation received during a period
and Italy. I have not previously
before beginning the teaching or of two years beginning on that
claimed an income tax exemption
research services for which ex- date.
under that treaty for income re-
Greece emption is claimed]. The treaty ex-
ceived as a teacher, researcher, or emption is available only for com-
I am a resident of Greece. I am not United Kingdom
student before the date of my arri- pensation received during a period
a U.S. citizen. I have not been law- I was a resident of the United King-
val in the United States. of two years beginning on that
fully accorded the privilege of re- dom on the date of my arrival in the
siding permanently in the United Any research I perform will be date. United States. I am not a U.S. citi-
States as an immigrant. undertaken in the general interest zen. I have not been accorded the
I am a professor or teacher vis- and not primarily for the private Trinidad and Tobago privilege of residing permanently in
iting the United States for the pur- benefit of a specific person or I was a resident of Trinidad and the United States as an immigrant.
pose of teaching at [ in- persons. Tobago on the date of my arrival in I am a professor or teacher vis-
sert the name of the other I arrived in the United States on the United States. I am not a U.S. iting the United States for a period
educational institution at which [ insert the date of your citizen. I have not been lawfully ac- of not more than two years for the
you teach ], which is an educa- last arrival in the United States corded the privilege of residing purpose of teaching or engaging in
tional institution. I will receive com- before beginning the teaching or permanently in the United States research at [ insert the
pensation for my teaching research services for which ex- as an immigrant. name of the educational institu-
activities. emption is claimed]. The treaty ex- I have accepted an invitation tion], which is a recognized educa-
The teaching compensation re- emption is available only for com- by the U.S. government, or by a tional institution. I will receive com-
ceived during the entire tax year pensation received during a period university or other educational in- pensation for my teaching or
(or during the period from of two years beginning on that stitution in the United States, to research activities.
to ) qualifies for exemption date. come to the United States for the The teaching or research com-
from withholding of federal tax purpose of teaching or engaging in pensation received during the en-
under the tax treaty between the research at [ insert the tire tax year (or during the period
United States and Greece. I have Luxembourg and Sweden name of the educational institu- from to ) qualifies
not previously claimed an income I am a resident of [ insert tion], which is an educational insti- for exemption from withholding of
tax exemption under that treaty for the name of the country under tution approved by an appropriate federal tax under the tax treaty be-
income received as a teacher or whose treaty you claim exemption] governmental education authority. tween the United States and the
student before the date of my arri- . I am not a U.S. citizen. I have not No agreement exists between the United Kingdom. I have not previ-
val in the United States. been lawfully accorded the privi- government of the United States ously claimed an income tax ex-
I arrived in the United States on lege of residing permanently in the and the government of Trinidad emption under that treaty for in-
[ insert the date of your United States as an immigrant. and Tobago for the provision of my come received as a teacher,
last arrival in the United States services. I will receive compensa- researcher, or student before the
I have accepted an invitation
before beginning the teaching ser- tion for my teaching or research date of my arrival in the United
by [ insert the name of the
vices for which exemption is services. States.
educational institution where you
claimed]. The treaty exemption is The teaching or research com- Any research I perform will be
teach or engage in research ],
available only for compensation pensation received during the en- undertaken in the public interest
which is a recognized educational tire tax year (or for the period from and not primarily for the benefit of
received during a period of three institution, to come to the United
years beginning on that date. to ) qualifies for ex- any private person or persons.
States for the purpose of teaching emption from withholding of fed- I arrived in the United States on
or engaging in research at that in- eral tax under the tax treaty be- [ insert the date of your
stitution. I will receive compensa- tween the United States and last arrival in the United States
Italy tion for my teaching or research
I was a resident of Italy on the date Trinidad and Tobago. I have not before beginning the teaching or
activities. previously claimed an income tax research services for which ex-
of my arrival in the United States. I
The teaching or research com- exemption under that treaty for in- emption is claimed]. The treaty ex-
am not a U.S. citizen. I have not
been accorded the privilege of re- pensation received during the en- come received as a teacher, re- emption is available only for com-
siding permanently in the United tire tax year (or during the period searcher, or student before the pensation received during a period
States as an immigrant. from to ) qualifies for date of my arrival in the United of two years beginning on that
exemption from withholding of fed- States. date. The entire treaty exemption
I am a professor or teacher vis-
eral tax under the tax treaty be- Any research I perform will be is lost retroactively if my stay in the
iting the United States for the pur-
tween the United States and undertaken in the public interest United States exceeds two years.
pose of teaching or performing re-
search at [ insert the [ insert the name of the and not primarily for the private
name of the educational institution country under whose treaty you
or medical facility at which you claim exemption]. I have not previ-
teach or perform research], which ously claimed an income tax ex-
is an educational institution or a emption under that treaty for in-
medical facility primarily funded come received as a teacher,
Page 52
Index
Page 53
Index
Page 54