The Paradises,

their Cities and their Rivers

Joannes Richter

# Name/People Paradise City River 1 River 2 River 3 River 4

1 Eden (Iraq) Eridu (ERIDU) Tigris (MEZIN) Euphrates (FIRAT) Pis(h)on Gihon
(PISON) (P ASIN)
2 Kurdish Erbil (ERBIL) Tigris (MEZIN)
3 ETUSCan Spina (SPINA) Po (BODIS) or (PADYS) Adisch (ADUZI),
or Etsch (ETUSC)
4 Latin Rome Tiber (TIBER)
5 Spanish SEVILla Guadalquivir (BAETIS)
6 Portuguese LISBOA Tagus (TAGUS)
7 Dutch Doesburg (?) Waal (VALIS)
Latin (Tuistoburg1)

Table 1 The Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers

Abstract
In archaic episodes a regional fertility may be based on a large river, which supplies enough water
to feed a fertile region of a few acres and the population of a city. Usually the most fertile regions
are located near the estuaries of the largest rivers. On a European and Near-East scale the most
fertile regions are located at the estuary of 4 largest rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on and Gihon,
where the “oldest” global city of Eridu arose.
This essay describes 5 paradises with the names for the relevant rivers, cities and peoples. The most
famous paradise was Eden in Iraq, which had been fed by 4 rivers. The capital for the garden of
Eden was Eridu (ERIDU), located at the mouth of the 4 rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on and
Gihon. We might notice the names for the rivers and the city Eridu are 5-grams: (MEZIN, FIRAT,
PISON, PASIN and ERIDU). ERIDU was the southernmost of a conglomeration of Sumerian cities
that grew around temples, almost in sight of one another. Another Asian paradise was centered
around Erbil (ERBIL) located at the river Tigris (Kurdish: Ava MEZIN), also HAWLER or Arbela,
capital and most populated city in the Kurdish Region of Iraq. In Europe a number of similar
paradises may be identified, which also are based on similar concept of the two rivers Po and
Adisch or (PADYS or BODIS, respectively ADUZI or ETUSC) and an Etruscan (ETUSCan ?) city
Spina (SPINA). An alternative name for the river Padus is “Ēridanus”, which correlates to ERIDU
and the name “Po” may be derived from the (old Ligurian) name Bodincus (root: BODIS). Another
minor ancient paradise (named Rome) is located at the Tiber TIBER. The etymology of Tiber is pre-
Latin and its origin may be Italic. The Po (BODIS), Adisch or Etsch (ETUSC) and Tiber (TIBER) are
the three largest rivers in Italy, in which the Po is referring to the paradises of Spina (SPINA). In the
Netherlands the largest mainstream distributary branch of the Rhine is the Waal2 (VALIS, length 82
km, 1500 m³/s).
This essay only describes 2 paradises next to the rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on and Gihon in the
Near-East region and 3 European paradises at the estuaries of a few “largest rivers” (Po, Adisch and
Tiber, Waal). Each of these bundled or singular rivers may have been turned into a center for a
“paradise”.
1 Varusschlacht - Band 2 - Seite 14 - Google Books
2 The Rhine (2,315 m³/s) (largest river in Western Europe)
The paradise of Eden (or Eridu)
The most famous paradise was Eden in Iraq, which had been fed by 4 rivers .The capital for the
garden of Eden was Eridu (ERIDU), located near the mouth of the 4 rivers Tigris, Euphrates,
Pis(h)on and Gihon. The 4 rivers of paradise have been identified by archaeologists. 3 According to
Juris Zarins (and Dora Jane Hamblin) the Garden of Eden is covered with the water of the Persian
Gulf, where the Ava MEZIN (Tigris) and FIRAT (Euphrates) run into the sea. The Bible's Gihon
River would correspond with the KARUN (Karun River) in Iran, and the PISON (Pishon River)
would correspond to the Wadi Batin river system that once drained the now dry, but once quite
fertile central part of the Arabian Peninsula. In the course of time the river Karun (KARUN) may
have changed its name. In early classical times the name was Pasitigris or Dujail ("Little Tigris") 4.
The concepts of the pentagrams allow us to repair deteriorated and lost names. This possibility may
be illustrated by the suggested restoration of the symmetry in the names' architecture. One of the
best-fit names (instead of KARUN) would be PASIN as a mutation PASIN-TIGRIS of the name
Pasitigris (or Pasin-Tigris), which would result in a name-giving as follows:

Fig. 1: Map of the Paradise with the 4 additional names

FIRAT , Ava MEZIN, PISON, P ASIN (edited by J. Richter)
(Source: Has the Garden of Eden been located at last? by Dora Jane Hamblin)

I noticed the names for the rivers and the city Eridu are 5-grams: Ava MEZIN , EU-FIRAT, PISON,
PASIN or KARUN and ERIDU. ERIDU was the southernmost of a conglomeration of Sumerian
cities that grew around temples, almost in sight of one another. The foundation of Eridu is dated at
approximately 5400 BC.

3 A Confirmation of the Rivers of Paradise

4 Karun
The Kurdish paradise of Erbil
At the shores of the rivers Tigris and Euphrates a conglomeration of Sumerian cities grew around
temples, almost in sight of one another. One of the most important cities is Erbil (ERBIL) located at
the river Tigris (Kurdish: Ava MEZIN), in which the names “MEZIN” and “ERBIL” may have
chosen to preserve the traditional pentagrams of the names ERBIL, Ava MEZIN, EU-FIRAT,
PISON, P ASIN.

Erbil
Erbil (ERBIL) located at the river Tigris (Kurdish: Ava MEZIN), also HAWLER or Arbela, capital and
most populated city in the Kurdish Region of Iraq. Human settlement at Erbil may be dated back to
the fifth millennium BC. Erbil became an integral part of the kingdom of Assyria by the 21st
century BC.
The Citadel of Erbil may be dated to the Neolithic period.
There are traces of early settled existence in the Erbil region as far back as the twenty-
third century BC, but probably the first major population expansion took place when
Cyaxares (625 - 585 BC), the first King of Media, settled some of the sagarthian tribes
in what is today Erbil and Kirkuk. here are traces of early settled existence in the Erbil
region as far back as the twenty-third century BC, but probably the first major
population expansion took place when Cyaxares (625 - 585 BC), the first King of
Media, settled some of the sagarthian tribes in what is today Erbil and Kirkuk.

Human settlement at Erbil may be dated back to the fifth millennium BC.[8] At the
heart of the city is the ancient Citadel of Erbil and Mudhafaria Minaret. The earliest
historical reference to the region dates to the Third Dynasty of Ur of Sumer, when King
Shulgi mentioned the city of Urbilum. Erbil became an integral part of the kingdom of
Assyria by the 21st century BC through to the end of the seventh century BC, after it
was captured by the Gutians, and it was known in Assyrian annals variously as Urbilim,
Arbela and Arba-ilu. 5

The Citadel of Erbil has been called the oldest continuously occupied site in the world.
The site of the Citadel of Erbil may have been occupied as early as the Neolithic period,
as pottery fragments possibly dating to that period have been found on the slopes of the
mound. Clear evidence for occupation comes from the Chalcolithic period, with shards
resembling pottery of the Ubaid and Uruk periods in the Jazira and southeastern Turkey,
respectively.[2] Given this evidence for early occupation, the citadel has been called the
oldest continuously occupied site in the world.[1][3] 6

# Name/People Paradise City River 1 River 2 River 3 River 4

1 Eden (Iraq) Eridu (ERIDU) Tigris (MEZIN) Euphrates (FIRAT) Pis(h)on Gihon
(PISON) (P ASIN)
2 Kurdish Erbil (ERBIL) Tigris (MEZIN)

Table 2 The first two Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers

5 Source: Erbil
6 Prehistory ( Citadel of Erbil )
The Italian paradise of the Padus, Etusc and Tiber
In Europe a number of similar paradises may be identified. One paradise is based on a similar
concept of two rivers Po and Adisch (PADYS or BODIS, respectively ADUZI or ETUSC) and an
Etruscan (ETUSCan ?) city of Spina (SPINA).
An alternative name Ēridanus (ĒRIDanUs) for the Padus may be correlating to ERIDU. The name
Po may be derived from the (old Ligurian) name Bodincus (root: BODIS).
Another minor ancient paradise named Rome is located at the Tiber TIBER. The etymology of
Tiber is pre-Latin, the origin may be Italic.

The Padus (#1)

The Po (Latin: PADYS or Ēridanus (ĒRIDanUs); Ancient Greek: Πάδος, romanized: Pádos, or
Ἠριδανός, Ēridanós; Ancient Ligurian: Bodincus or Bodencus) is the longest river in Italy. It is
characterized by its large discharge (several rivers over 1,000 km have a discharge inferior or equal
to the Po). As a result of its characteristics, the river is subject to heavy flooding. The Po valley was
the territory of Roman Cisalpine Gaul. It is connected to Milan through a net of channels called
navigli, which Leonardo da Vinci helped design. The archaic capital of the Padus may have been
the Etruscan city of Spina (SPINA).

Spina
Spina (SPINA) was an Etruscan port city on the Adriatic at the ancient mouth of the Po, south of the
lagoon which would become the site of Venice. Spina may have had a Hellenised indigenous
population.[2]7
In Italy Spina (SPINA) was the Etruscan city at the mouth of the Po-river (named PADUS or
maybe PADYS)8. Spina was an Etruscan port city, established by the end of the 6th century BCE,
[1] on the Adriatic at the ancient mouth of the Po, south of the lagoon which would become the site
of Venice.
The site of Spina was lost until modern times, when drainage schemes in the delta of the Po River in
1922 first officially revealed a necropolis of Etruscan Spina about four miles west of the commune
of Comacchio.

The Etusc or Adige (#2)

The river's name is Celtic in origin, from the Proto-Celtic *yt-ese, "the water", cognate
with the River Tees in England (anciently Athesis, Teesa).[2] 9

The Adige (ADUZI, ETUSC) (German: Etsch; Venetian: Àdexe; Romansh: Adisch; Ladin: Adesc;
Latin: Athesis; Ancient Greek: Ἄθεσις, romanized: Áthesis, or Ἄταγις, Átagis[1]) is the second-
longest river in Italy, after the Po, rises in the Alps in the province of South Tyrol (Italian: Alto
Adige "high Adige"), near the Italian border with Austria and Switzerland, and flows 410 kilometres
(250 mi) through most of northeastern Italy to the Adriatic Sea.

7 The cities of Padanian Etruria (Spina )

8 An Archaic Core in a Modern Linguistic Concept
9 Sources: English: Adige , German: Etsch ; pentagrams ADUZI, ETUSC
The Tiber (#3)
The Tiber ( TIBER Latin: Tiberis;[1] Italian: Tevere)[2] is the third-longest river in Italy and the
longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing 406 km
(252 mi) through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio.
Legendary king Tiberinus, ninth in the king-list of Alba Longa, was said to have drowned in the
River Albula, which was afterward called Tiberis.[8] 10
The following overview illustrates the Etruscan and Latin paradises as #3 and #4:

# Name/People Paradise City River 1 River 2 River 3 River 4

1 Garden of Eridu (ERIDU) Tigris (MEZIN) Euphrates (FIRAT) Pis(h)on Gihon
Eden (Iraq) (PISON) (P ASIN)
2 Kurdish Erbil (ERBIL) Tigris (MEZIN)

3 ETUSCan Spina (SPINA) Po (BODIS) or (PADYS) Adisch (ADUZI),

or Etsch (ETUSC)

4 Latin Rome Tiber (TIBER)

Table 3 The first four Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers

10 Source: Tiber
The Iberian paradises

The Guadalquivir
The Guadalquivir is the fifth-longest river in the Iberian Peninsula and the second-
longest river with its entire length in Spain. The Guadalquivir is the only major
navigable river in Spain. Currently it is navigable from the Gulf of Cádiz to Seville, but
in Roman times it was navigable to Córdoba.

There was a variety of names for the Guadalquivir in Classical and pre-Classical times.
According to Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 28, the native people of
Tartessians or Turdetanians called the river by two names: Certis (Kertis) and Rherkēs
(Ῥέρκης).[6] Greek geographers sometimes called it "the river of Tartessos", after the
city of that name. The Romans called it by the name BAETIS (which was the basis for
name of the province of Hispania Baetica). 11

Seville
The original core of the city, in the neighbourhood of the present-day street, Cuesta del
Rosario, dates to the 8th century BC,[17] when SEVILla was on an island in the
Guadalquivir (BAETIS).[18] Archaeological excavations in 1999 found anthropic
remains under the north wall of the Real Alcázar dating to the 8th–7th century BC.[19]
The town was called Hisbaal by the Phoenicians and by the Tartessians, the indigenous
pre-Roman Iberian people of Tartessos, who controlled the Guadalquivir Valley at the
time.

The city was known from Roman times as Hispal and later as Hispalis. Hispalis
developed into one of the great market and industrial centres of Hispania,

The Tagus
The Tagus (Spanish: Tajo [ˈtaxo]; Portuguese: Tejo [ˈtɛʒu]; see below) is the longest river in the
Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales in mid-eastern Spain, flows 1,007 km
(626 mi), generally west with two main south-westward sections, to empty into the Atlantic Ocean
in Lisbon.
The river's Latin name is TAGUS. While the etymology is unclear, the most probable
etymological origin for the hydronym Tagus is Indoeuropean *(s)tag- ('to drip').[1] It is
known under different names in the languages of Iberia: Basque: Tajo, Catalan: Tajo,
Galician: Río Texo, Mirandese: Riu Teijo, Portuguese: Tejo, Spanish: Tajo. It is known in
Italian as Tago and Greek as Τάγος (Tágos). 12

11 Guadalquivir
12 Source: Tagus
Lisboa
Classical authors writing in Latin and Greek, including Strabo, Solinus, and Martianus
Capella,[19][20] referred to popular legends that the city of Lisbon was founded by the
mythical hero Ulysses (Odysseus).[21][22].

During the Neolithic period, the region was inhabited by Pre-Celtic tribes, who built
religious and funerary monuments, megaliths, dolmens and menhirs, which still survive
in areas on the periphery of Lisbon.[31] The Indo-European Celts invaded in the 1st
millennium BC, mixing with the Pre-Indo-European population, thus giving rise to
Celtic-speaking local tribes such as the Cempsi or Sefes.

# Name/People Paradise City River 1 River 2 River 3 River 4

1 Garden of Eridu (ERIDU) Tigris (MEZIN) Euphrates (FIRAT) Pis(h)on Gihon
Eden (Iraq) (PISON) (P ASIN)
2 Kurdish Erbil (ERBIL) Tigris (MEZIN)

3 ETUSCan Spina (SPINA) Po (BODIS) or (PADYS) Adisch (ADUZI),

or Etsch (ETUSC)

4 Latin Rome Tiber (TIBER)

5 Spanish SEVILla Guadalquivir (BAETIS)
6 Portuguese LISBOA Tagus (TAGUS)
LISBON

Table 4 The first five Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers
The Dutch paradise

The (3) rivers as pentagrams in the Netherlands

1. The Rhine is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe (after the Danube), at
about 1,230 km.
2. The name IJssel (older Isla, Isala, from *Īsalō), is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-
European root *eis- "to move quickly" (Old Norse eisa "to race forward", Latin ira "anger").
[1] 13
3. The Waal (a Dutch name) is the main distributary branch of the river Rhine flowing
approximately 80 km (50 mi) through the Netherlands14.

River Latin/Greek Region Pentagram length Discharge 1 2 3 4 5

(km) (average)
1 Rijn Rhenus Germanic RHIJUN 1233 2900 R H IJ U N
Rhine, Rhein Rhine, Rhein RhINE
2 Yssel, IJssel Isla, Isala Netherlands YSULA, 127 340 Y S U L A
ISULA I S U L A
3 Waal Valis, Vacalis, Netherlands VALIS 82 1500 V A L I S
Vahal (Latin) ChALUZ Ch A L U Z
Table 5 The pentagrams in the name-giving of a few Germanic rivers in the Netherlands

The rivers bundling the Rhine's estuary

The river Rhine is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe (after the Danube), at
about 1,230 km (760 mi),[note 1][note 2] with an average discharge of about 2,900 m3/s
(100,000 cu ft/s).
The name of the river Rhine does not really match a genuine pentagram (RHIJUN ?). Instead the
name of the mainstream distributary branch Waal (VALIS) is a valid pentagram.

The river Waal

The name Waal, in Roman times called Vacalis, Vahalis or VALIS, later Vahal, is of
Germanic origin and is named after the many meanders in the river (West Germanic
languages: wôh, lit. 'crooked'). 15

In the Netherlands the river Waal (VALIS) joins the mainstream large rivers Rhine and Meuse:
In the Middle Ages, the name "Waal" continued after the confluence with the Meuse.
The delta parts now known as Boven Merwede, Beneden Merwede and the upper
section of the Noord were also called Waal.

Near Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, the mainstream continued west until it flowed into Oude
Maas near Heerjansdam. This last stretch past Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, which separated
the river islands of IJsselmonde and Zwijndrechtse Waard, still is called Waal,[1] but is
more commonly known as Waaltje (Dutch for Little Waal).

13 History (IJssel)
14 Waal
15 Source: History Waal
Overview of the pentagrams with labial initial letters
The overview of the pentagrams in the name-giving of the rivers also includes the river Waal
(VALIS), which transports “65% of the Rhine's water”, which may have varied in the course of
history.
After all the delta of the Rhine may have eroded and recreated various branches. Maybe the name
“Waal” always had been reserved for the “mainstream”-section or branch.

Para- Cat. Length (km) Max. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 Source River Pentagram

dise m³/s
1 Eden swift 1900 2779 M E Z I N Kurdish Tigris Ava MEZIN
2 Eden swift 950 2995 P A S I N Plutarch Gihon P ASIN
(Karun)
3 652 3100 P A D I S Latin Padus (Po) P ADIS
B O D I S Ligurian Bodincus BODIS
4 82 1500 V A L I S Dutch Waal VALIS
(Latin)
5 657 164.3 B Æ T I S Spanish Guadalquivir (BAETIS)
840 567 W O D I R Poland Oder WODIRA
545 290 M O S I L Germanic Mosel MOSIL
480 234 M A R I T Greek Maritsa MARITSA
M E R I Ç Meriç MERIÇ
4 (Source) 3 to 9 P A D I R Germanic Pader PADIR
Table 6 Rivers with labial and guttural initial letters
Source: The Name-Giving of the European and Mid-East Waterways
In the paradise of Eden the rivers Euphrates (FIRAT) and Pishon (PISON) the labial and palatal
initial letters may indicate the slower branches, whereas the other rivers Tigris (Ava MEZIN,
Kurdistan) and Karun (P ASIN, Iran) indicate the swifter branches16:

Length (km) Max. Vol. 1 2 3 4 5 Source River Pentagram

m3/s
6 Eden slow 2800 2514 F I R A T Turkish Euphrates FIRAT
Kurdish
7 Eden slow 600 ? P I S O N Hebrew Pishon PISON
8 slow 1068 1000 W IJ S E L Poland Wijsel, Wisła WIJSEL
205 81 P I N E S Greece Pineios PINEoS
0 (Source) ? P I N A R Turkish Eflatun Pınar PINAR
Table 7 Rivers with labial and palatal initial letters
Source: The Name-Giving of the European and Mid-East Waterways

16 An Archaic Name-Giving Formula for the Rivers of Eden

Overview of the pentagrams with lingual initial letters
Most Germanic names for the rivers are composed as pentagrams with labial initial letters whereas
most pentagrams with lingual initial letters are used for Latinized (or French and Iberian) names.
The leading letters D, L, T of the following rivers are linguals:
River City Latin/Greek Region Pentagram length Dis- 1 2 3 4 5
(km) charge
1 M Dives Dives France DIVES 105 D I V E S
2 M Douix Divona France DOUIX 70m D O U I X
3 M Duero Porto Durius Iberian DUIRO 897 700 D U I R O

4 M Lieux Lieux France LIEUX 25 L I E UX

5 M Loire BLOIS Lĭgĕr France LIWAR 1012 835.3 L I WA R
1
6 M Rio Tinto Luxia Spain LUXIA 100 L U X I A

7 M Tiber Rome Tiberis Italy TIBERIS 404 T I B E R

8 M Tagus LISBOA Tagus Iberian TAGUS 1007 500 T A G U S
9 M Turia Valencia Turia Iberian TURIA 280 T U R I A
Table 8 The leading letters D, L, T in the southern Italian, Iberian and French rivers
A statistic overview of the paradises' rivers
A statistic overview of the paradises' rivers may be illustrative to the naming-concepts of the
paradises. Usually the largest rivers may cover a very large region, which may be seen in the rivers
Euphrates, Tigris, Pis(h)on and Karun, in which the 4 rivers concentrate a 4-fold multiplied
discharge in one estuary.
The Etruscan paradise 3 is also relatively fertile by combining the discharge of two rivers Po
(BODIS) and Etsch (ETUSC), in which the relatively short river Po's discharge (1460 m3/s !) is
quite impressive. The average discharge of both neighboring rivers Po (BODIS) (1460) and Etsch
(ETUSC) (236) may even equal the total average discharge of the 4 rivers Euphrates (1014 m3/s),
Tigris (356 m3/s), Pis(h)on (? m3/s) and Karun (575 m3/s).
An overview of the paradises' rivers
The most comfortable paradises require a large water discharge of at least 1000 m3/s.

Name/People Paradise City River 1 River 2 River 3 River 4

Paradise 1 Eden (Iraq) Eridu Tigris Euphrates Pis(h)on Gihon
(ERIDU) (MEZIN) (FIRAT) (PISON) (P ASIN)
(Karun River)
length 1950 km 2800 km ? 950 km
Aver. discharge 1014 m3/s 356 m3/s ? 575 m3/s
Paradise 2 Kurdish Erbil Tigris
(ERBIL) (MEZIN)
length 1950 km
Aver. discharge 1014 m3/s
Paradise 3 ETUSCan Spina Po (BODIS) Adisch
(SPINA) or (PADYS) (ADUZI)
Etsch
(ETUSC)
length 682 km 410 km
Aver. discharge 1460 m3/s 236 m3/s
Paradise 4 Latin Rome Tiber (TIBER)
length 406 km
Aver. discharge 239 m3/s
Paradise 5 LISBOA Tagus
(Portugal) (TAGUS)
length 1007 km
Aver. discharge 500 m3/s
Paradise 6 SEVILla Guadalquivir
(lat. BAETIS)
length 657 km
Aver. discharge 164.3 m3/s
Paradise 7 Dutch Doesburg (?) Waal (VALIS)
Latin (TUISCOburg17)
length 80 km
Aver. discharge 1500 m3/s

Table 9 The Paradises of Eden, their Cities Eridu, Erbil, Spina, Rome, Lisboa, Doesburg (?)
and their Rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on Karun, Po, Adisch, Tiber and Waal

17 Varusschlacht - Band 2 - Seite 14 - Google Books

Summary
In archaic episodes a regional fertility may be based on a large river, which supplies enough water
to feed a fertile region of a few acres and the population of a city. Usually the most fertile regions
are located near the estuaries of the largest rivers.
On a European and Near-East scale the most fertile regions are located at the estuary of 4 largest
rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on and Gihon, where the “oldest” global city of Eridu arose.
This essay describes 5 paradises with the names for the relevant rivers, cities and peoples.
The most famous paradise was Eden in Iraq, which had been fed by 4 rivers. The capital for the
garden of Eden was Eridu (ERIDU), located at the mouth of the 4 rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on
and Gihon. We might notice the names for the rivers and the city Eridu are 5-grams: (MEZIN,
FIRAT, PISON, PASIN and ERIDU). ERIDU was the southernmost of a conglomeration of
Sumerian cities that grew around temples, almost in sight of one another.
Another Asian paradise was centered around Erbil (ERBIL) located at the river Tigris (Kurdish: Ava
MEZIN), also HAWLER or Arbela, capital and most populated city in the Kurdish Region of Iraq.
In Europe a number of similar paradises may be identified, which also are based on similar concept
of the two rivers Po and Adisch or (PADYS or BODIS, respectively ADUZI or ETUSC) and an
Etruscan (ETUSCan ?) city Spina (SPINA).
An alternative name for the river Padus is “Ēridanus”, which correlates to ERIDU and the name
“Po” may be derived from the (old Ligurian) name Bodincus (root: BODIS ).
Another minor ancient paradise (named Rome) is located at the Tiber TIBER. The etymology of
Tiber is pre-Latin and its origin may be Italic. The Po (BODIS), Adisch or Etsch (ETUSC) and Tiber
(TIBER) are the three largest rivers in Italy, in which the Po is referring to the paradises of Spina
(SPINA).
In the Netherlands the largest mainstream distributary branch of the Rhine is the Waal18 (VALIS,
length 82 km, 1500 m³/s).
This essay only describes 2 paradises next to the rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Pis(h)on and Gihon in the
Near-East region and 3 European paradises at the estuaries of a few “largest rivers” (Po, Adisch and
Tiber, Waal). Each of these bundled or singular rivers may have been turned into a center for a
“paradise”.
The most comfortable paradises require a large water discharge of at least 1000 m3/s.

18 The Rhine (2,315 m³/s) (largest river in Western Europe)

Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
The paradise of Eden (or Eridu)...........................................................................................................2
The Kurdish paradise of Erbil..............................................................................................................3
Erbil.................................................................................................................................................3
The Italian paradise of the Padus, Etusc and Tiber..............................................................................4
The Padus (#1).................................................................................................................................4
The Etusc or Adige (#2)...................................................................................................................4
The Tiber (#3)..................................................................................................................................5
The Iberian paradises............................................................................................................................6
The Guadalquivir.............................................................................................................................6
The Tagus.........................................................................................................................................6
The Dutch paradise...............................................................................................................................8
The (3) rivers as pentagrams in the Netherlands ............................................................................8
The rivers bundling the Rhine's estuary...........................................................................................8
The river Waal..................................................................................................................................8
A statistic overview of the paradises' rivers........................................................................................11
An overview of the paradises' rivers..............................................................................................12
Summary.............................................................................................................................................13
Appendices.........................................................................................................................................15
Appendix 1 – (280) Publications by J. Richter in Scribd .............................................................15
Appendix 2 - The (incomplete) overview of (~250) pentagrams..................................................22
Appendices

Appendix 1 – (280) Publications by J. Richter in Scribd

The publications (~280 titles) are sorted according to their storage date. This storage is my own
record of documentations.

January – December 2022 (30)

1. Five Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers
2. An Archaic Name-Giving Formula for the Rivers of Eden
3. Een archaïsche kern in een modern taalontwerp
4. An Archaic Core in a Modern Linguistic Concept
5. The Tree as a Hierarchical “Pentagram Model of the World
6. The Name-Giving of the European and Mid-East Waterways
7. De ontdekking van een tweede taalniveau
8. The Pentagrams' Grammar and Vocabulary
9. Over de oorsprong van de Europese riviernamen
10. Over de speurtocht naar de pentagrammenreeksen
11. De vier waterwegen naar het paradijs
12. Categorized Overview of the Pentagrams
13. A Confirmation of the Rivers of Paradise
14. A new Etymology for the Pentagrams (PITAR & MATIR)
15. Een nieuwe etymologie voor de pentagrammen (PITAR en MATIR)
16. The Origin of some Personal Pronouns of the 1st Person Singular
17. Languages, which start as Baskets full of Metaphors
18. De afleiding van de koningsnamen uit de deugden
19. How four Virtues anchored our Languages
20. Hoe de vier deugden de taal verankerden
21. Wie vier Tugenden die Sprache verankerten
22. Ein archaischer Entwurf in den griechischen und germanischen Mythologien
23. Een archaïsch ontwerp in de Griekse en Germaanse mythologien
24. An Archaic Structure in the Greek and Germanic Mythologies (12.1.2022)
25. Waarom onze voorouders zich Vadir en Madir noemden
26. Waarom de Dins-, Woens- en Donderdag heilig zijn
27. Why the Tues-, Wednes- and Thursday are Sacred Day...
28. Notes to Cicero's “The Nature of the Gods”
29. De (denkbare) lokalisatie van het Hunnenrijk
30. De twee levens van Karel de Grote

January – December 2021 (86)

1. Over een etymologie van de dagen van de week
2. Cicero's Etymology for the Names of the Gods
3. Fundamentals in the Name-Giving for the Days of the Week
4. Een bewijs, dat de dagen van de week (Woensdag en Dinsdag) aan de deugden 'Wijsheid' en
'Justitie' gewijd zijn
5. Evidence for the Correlation Between the Virtues 'Wisdom' and 'Justice'
6. Socrates' Last Specifications of the Virtues
7. De relatie tussen de pentagrammen en de precessie van de equinoxen
8. A Reduced Formula for the Pentagrams
9. The Genetic Roots in the Indo-European Alphabets
10. A Restoration of the Triads in European Languages
11. Een restauratie van de triaden in de Europese talen
12. The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
13. De rol van de vijfletter woorden in de Indo-Europese filosofie
14. De representatie van de Griekse, Romeinse en Germaanse triades in de dagen van de week
15. Een terugblik op de geschiedenis der taalkunde
16. De Sleutels Van de Indo-Europese Religie
17. De ontcijfering van de naam Minerva
18. Zoekmethoden en statistieken voor Jwr47's archief
19. Mijn gecorrigeerde levensloop (twee tegengestelde ...
20. Epiloog van een taalkundige (kabbalist)
21. The Antipodes in Archaic Linguistics
22. De antipoden in de archaïsche taalkunde
23. Samenvatting van De taalkunde
24. Languages With, Respectively Without an Ordered Alphabet
25. An Architecture for the Family of Alphabets
26. A Scenario and Reconstruction of the Linguistic Architecture
27. A Retrospect in my Analysis of Linguistics
28. Over de spelling en correcte uitspraak van de hemelgodennamen
29. The Common Sky-god's Names in the PIE-Languages
30. The Hittite Signary as the Origin of the PIE-Alpha...
31. The Origin of the Linear-B Signary
32. The Derivation and Composition of the PIE-Theonyms
33. The Lepontic Alphabet as a Source for the Runic Signaries
34. The Role of the Southern Semitic Order in the Ugaritic Signaries
35. De rol van de wijstwaterbronnen in Brabant
36. The Common YHV-Root in the Ugaritic Alphabets
37. De reconstructie van een woordenlijst uit de wortelperiode
38. An Initial Phase for a Number of Indo-European Languages
39. De opbouwfase van een aantal Europese talen (10.8.2021)
40. The Architecture of the Words '(to) Free'
41. Over de rol van het alfabet in de elektronica en de terugziendheid
42. Het wandelende vergrootglas (ofwel “Het ontbrekende gebrek")
43. The most precious PIE-Pentagrams
44. De reconstructie van de Nederlandse pentagrammen
45. Woorden, die de roos treffen als gevederde pijlen
46. The Composition of the Words DYAUSH-PITAR and PṚTHVI-MATIR...
47. An Architecture for 2-Dimensional Alphabets
48. The Search for the Fundamental Pentagrams
49. The Pentagrams in the Old- And Middle-Persian Languages
50. A Possible Historical Record for the Development of European Languages
51. Notes to the Origin of the Elder Futhark and Ogham Runes...
52. Historisch overzicht van de taalkundige pentagrammen
53. Pentagrams as a Protection against Linguistic Erosion
54. Unveiling the Architecture of the Alphabets and Runic Signaries
55. The Origin of the Futhark, Ogham and Gothic Runes
56. De oorsprong van de Futhark, Ogham en Gotische runen
57. The Pentagrams in Names Unveiled
58. A Linguistic Distribution of the Pentagrams
59. De rol van de pentagrammen in de namen der hemellichamen
60. Swap Mutations in the Pentagram List
61. The Role of the Pentagrams in the Globe's Architecture
 62. The Pentagrams in the Kernel of the PIE-Dictionary
63. Gebeitelde woorden (24.4.2021)
64. The Reconstruction of a PIE-Language's Core
65. Een reconstructie van de Dutche woordenschat
66. The Secrets of the 2-Dimensional Alphabets
67. A Self-Repair System for Languages (9.4.2021)
68. Het MINOS Project
69. An Etymology for the Pentagrams
70. The Purpose of Chilperic's Additional Letters (30.3.2021)
71. De etymologie van de woorden “Bazin” en „Baas“
72. Het alfabetische pentagram (Het verhaal van de taal)
73. A Theory of Hierarchical Alphabets
74. The Role of the Pentagrams for the Merovingian Kingdom
75. De rol van de bijen (of cicaden) uit het koningsgraf van Childerik I
76. A New Chapter to the Philosophy of Language
77. Overview of the Alphabetic Arrays (14.2.2021)
78. Bericht over de analyse van een reeks alfabetten
79. The Arrays (and the Presumed Theonym TIEU) of the Ogham Signary (11.02.2021)
80. How to Read the Theonym „TIWÆS“ in the Runic „Futhark"-Signary... (30.01.2021)
81. The Pentagrams in the Name-giving of the Runes
82. De etymologie van de namen Diaus, Dieus en Djous
83. The Etymology of the Words Diaus, Dieus and Djous ... (Scribd)
84. The Evidence of Perfect Pentagrams in Greek, Roman...
85. The Evidence of Perfect and Imperfect Pentagrams
86. De woordenlijsten der perfecte en imperfecte pentagrammen

Januari – December 2020 (44)

1. Verbale echo's in de Europese talen – Over de naamgeving van de Frankenkoningen (Dutch)
2. Patterns of the European Languages
3. Another View on the Design of the Frankish Language
4. The Generation of Perfect Pentagrams (Like LIBER, FRANK and DYAUS)
5. The Naming Convention for Kings in Francia
6. Over de naamgeving voor de goden en vorsten van het Frankenrijk
7. Hoe de adelgeslachten met de namen Franken, Willem en Lodewijk de onsterfelijkheid
konden pachten
8. The Nomenclature of the Sky-Gods - How the Royals achieved Immortality - (Scribd)
9. Standardizing the Signaries - The Encryption and Decryption of alphabets (Scribd)
10. Another View on the Sefer Yetzirah (Scribd)
11. Alphabets With Integrated Dictionaries (Scribd)
1. The Quantization of the Ugaritic Alphabet (Scribd)
2. De architectuur van het Oegaritische alfabet (Scribd)
3. A Periodic Table for Ugaritic Signaries as a Root for the Sky-god Dyaus and the
Personal Pronouns for the 1st Person Singular and Dual Form
4. Periodic Tables for the Gaelic (Irish and Scottish) alphabets (Scribd)
12. Did the Word „Deus“ Exist in the Archaic Alphabets (Scribd)
1. Periodic Tables for the Euboean and Etruscan Alphabets (Scribd)
2. A Periodic Table for the Greek Alphabet
3. Periodic Tables for the Upper and Lower Sorbian Alphabets
4. Overview of the Periodic Tables of the Sami Languages
5. Eight Periodic Tables for the Sámi Languages
13. Het hart van de Dutche taal
1. Periodic Tables for the Sami Alphabets
 2. A Periodic Table for the Dutch Language
3. Periodic Tables for the Dalecarlian Runes and the Elfdalian Alphabet (Scribd)
14. The Hierarchical Structure of the Hebrew Alphabet (Scribd)
15. De hiërarchische structuur van het Hebreeuwse alfabet (Scribd)
1. A Periodic Table for the Phoenician and Hebrew Alpabet (Scribd)
2. A Periodic Table for the Icelandic Alphabet (Scribd)
3. A Periodic Table for the Coptic Alphabet (Scribd)
4. A Periodic Table for the Cyrillic Alphabet (Scribd)
16. The Impact of Ternary Coding Systems (Scribd)
17. A Pedigree for Alphabets (Scribd)
18. The Composition of the European Alphabets (Scribd)
19. The Letter Repositioning in the Greek and Latin Alphabets
20. Unstably Classified Letters in Alphabets (Scribd)
21. Notes on the Common Architecture of Alphabetical Structures (Academia.edu)
1. A Periodic Table for PIE-Alphabets
2. A Periodic Classification for the Gothic Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
3. A Periodic Classification for the Futhark-Alphabets (obsolete, Scribd)
4. A Periodic Classification for the Latin Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
22. The Model of a Language as a Communication Link (Scribd)
23. The Roots of the Indo-European Alphabets (12.5.2020)
24. Samenvatting van "The Alphabet as an Elementary Document"
25. The Alphabet as an Elementary Document
26. The Origin of the Name Dyaus
27. De oorsprong van de naam Diaus
28. The History of Designing an Alphabet (Scribd)
29. Een architectuur voor de PIE-talen (Scribd)
30. An Architecture for the PIE-Languages
31. A Suggested Restoration of the 'Futhark'-Sequence (Scribd)
32. The Composition of the Sky- God's Name in PIE-Languages
33. The Ternary Codes in Language and Creation (Scribd)
34. The Role of Saussure's Letter "E"
35. The Optimal Number of Vowels in Languages (Scribd)
36. A Ternary Encoding to Optimize Communications and Cooperation
37. A Golden Box to Control the Lightnings
38. The Ancient Lightning Rods around the Mediterranean Sea
39. Die ältesten Blitz(ab)leiter am Mittelmeer (Scribd)
40. Pyramids in the Role as Power Plants
41. Piramides als energiecentrales (Scribd)
42. The Role of the Pyramids in Melting Glass and Meta... (Scribd)
43. The Egyptian Drilling Technology (Scribd)
44. The Architecture of the Younger Futhark Alphabet

Januari – December 2019 (56)

1. The Sources for the IΩ- Pronouns
2. Notes to Herodotus' Histories of IΩ, Europa and Medea
3. The Role of Irrigation and Drainage in a Successful Civilisation
4. De rol van de irrigatie en drainage in een succesv... (Scribd)
5. Notes to Frazer's "Pausanias's Description of Greece"
6. The Initials of European Philosophy
7. Atlantis vormde 3400 jaar geleden een Helleens Delta-project
8. The War against Atlantis
9. The "Ego"-Root inside the Name "Thebes"
 10. The Role of the AEtts in the Futharc Alpabet
11. The Reconstruction of a European Philosophy
12. Traces of an old religion (The Root "Wit" in Wittekind)
13. Woden (Wuþ) as the Designer and Author of the Futhark Alphabet
14. Is the Core "Wut" in "Wutach" symbolizing "Wutan" ("Woden")
15. The Bipolar Core of Germanic Languages
16. Simon Stevin's Redefinition of Scientific Arts
17. Simon Stevin's definitie van wetenschappelijk onderzoek
18. De etymologie van de woorden met Wit-, Wita en Witan-kernen
19. The "Vit"-Roots in the Anglo-Saxon Pedigree
20. The Traces of "Wit" in Saxony
21. King Chilperic I's letters (ΔΘZΨ) may be found at the beginning ("Futha") of the runic
alphabet and at the end (WIJZAE) of the Danish alphabet
22. Aan het slot (WIJZAE) van het Deense alfabet en aan het begin ("Futha") van het
runenalfabet bevinden zich de letters (ΔΘZΨ) van koning Chilperic I
23. The Role of the Ligature AE in the European Creation Legend
24. A Concept for a Runic Dictionary
25. Concentrating the Runes in the Runic Alphabets
26. Traces of Vit, Rod and Chrodo
27. De sleutelwoorden van het Futhark alfabet
28. The Keywords of the Futhark Alphabet
29. Het runenboek met het unieke woord Tiw
30. A short Essay about the Evolution of European Personal Pronouns
31. The Evolution of the European Personal Pronouns
32. De miraculeuze transformatie van de Europese samenleving
33. The Miraculous Transformation of European Civilization
34. The Duality in Greek and Germanic Philosophy
35. Bericht van de altaarschellist over de Lof der Zotheid
36. De bronnen van Brabant (de Helleputten aan de Brabantse breuklijnen)
37. De fundamenten van de samenleving
38. De rol van de waterbronnen bij de kerstening van Nederland
39. De etymologie van "wijst" en "wijstgrond"
40. The Antipodes Mith and With
41. The Role of the Dual Form in the Evolution of European Languages
42. De rol van de dualis in de ontwikkeling der Europese talen
43. The Search for Traces of a Dual Form in Quebec French
44. Synthese van de Germanistische & Griekse mythologie en etymologie
45. De restanten van de dualis in het Dutch, English en German
46. Notes to the Corner Wedge in the Ugaritic Alphabet
47. The Origin of the long IJ-symbol in the Dutch alphabet
48. Over de oorsprong van de „lange IJ“ in het Dutche alfabet
49. The Backbones of the Alphabets
50. The Alphabet and and the Symbolic Structure of Europe
51. The Unseen Words in the Runic Alphabet
52. De ongelezen woorden in het runenalfabet
53. The Role of the Vowels in Personal Pronouns of the 1st Person Singular
54. Over de volgorde van de klinkers in woorden en in godennamen
55. The Creation Legends of Hesiod and Ovid
56. De taal van Adam en Eva (published: ca. 2.2.2019)

Januari – December 2018 (81)

1. King Chilperic's 4 Letters and the Alphabet's Adaptation
2. De 4 letters van koning Chilperic I en de aanpassing van het Frankenalfabet
3. The Symbolism of Hair Braids and Bonnets in Magical Powers
4. The Antipodes in PIE-Languages
5. In het Dutch, German en English is de dualis nog lang niet uitgestorven
6. In English, Dutch and German the dual form is still alive
7. The Descendants of the Dual Form " Wit "
8. A Structured Etymology for Germanic, Slavic and Romance Languages
9. The “Rod”-Core in Slavic Etymology (published: ca. 27.11.2018)
10. Encoding and decoding the runic alphabet
11. Über die Evolution der Sprachen
12. Over het ontwerpen van talen
13. The Art of Designing Languages
14. Notes to the usage of the Spanish words Nos and Vos, Nosotros and Vosotros
15. Notes to the Dual Form and the Nous-Concept in the Inari Sami language
16. Over het filosofische Nous-concept
17. Notes to the Philosophical Nous-Concept
18. The Common Root for European Religions (published: ca. 27.10.2018)
19. A Scenario for the Medieval Christianization of a Pagan Culture
20. Een scenario voor de middeleeuwse kerstening van een heidens volk
21. The Role of the Slavic gods Rod and Vid in the Futhorc-alphabet
22. The Unification of Medieval Europe
23. The Divergence of Germanic Religions
24. De correlatie tussen de dualis, Vut, Svantevit en de Sint-Vituskerken
25. The Correlation between Dual Forms, Vut, Svantevit and the Saint Vitus Churches
26. Die Rekonstruktion der Lage des Drususkanals (published: ca. 27.9.2018)
27. Die Entzifferung der Symbolik einer Runenreihe
28. Deciphering the Symbolism in Runic Alphabets
29. The Sky-God, Adam and the Personal Pronouns
30. Notities rond het boek Tiw (Published ca. 6.2.2018)
31. Notes to the book TIW
32. Von den Völkern, die nach dem Futhark benannt worden sind
33. Designing an Alphabet for the Runes
34. Die Wörter innerhalb der „Futhark“-Reihe
35. The hidden Symbolism of European Alphabets
36. Etymology, Religions and Myths
37. The Symbolism in Poe's Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym from Nantucket (Scribd)
38. Notizen zu " Über den Dualis " und " Gesammelte sprachwissenschaftliche Schriften "
39. Ϝut - Het Dutche sleutelwoord
40. Concepts for the Dual Forms
41. The etymology of the Greek dual form νώ (νῶϊ)
42. Proceedings in the Ego-pronouns' Etymology
43. Notities bij „De godsdiensten der volken“
44. The Role of *Teiwaz and *Dyeus in Filosofy
45. A Linguistic Control of Egotism
46. The Design of the Futhark Alphabet
47. An Architecture for the Runic Alphabets
48. The Celtic Hair Bonnets (Published Jun 24, 2018)
49. Die keltische Haarhauben
50. De sculpturen van de Walterich-kapel te Murrhardt
51. The rediscovery of a lost symbolism
52. Het herontdekken van een vergeten symbolisme
53. De god met de twee gezichten
 54. The 3-faced sculpture at Michael's Church in Forchtenberg
55. Over de woorden en namen, die eeuwenlang bewaard gebleven zijn
56. De zeven Planeten in zeven Brabantse plaatsnamen
57. Analysis of the Futhorc-Header
58. The Gods in the Days of the Week and inside the Futhor-alphabet
59. Een reconstructie van de Dutche scheppingslegende
60. The Symbolism in Roman Numerals
61. The Keywords in the Alphabets Notes to the Futharc's Symbolism
62. The Mechanisms for Depositing Loess in the Netherlands
63. Over het ontstaan van de Halserug, de Heelwegen en Heilwegen in de windschaduw van de
Veluwe
64. Investigations of the Rue d'Enfer-Markers in France
65. Die Entwicklung des französischen Hellwegs ( " Rue d'Enfer ")
66. De oorsprong van de Heelwegen op de Halserug, bij Dinxperlo en Beltrum
67. The Reconstruction of the Gothic Alphabet's Design
68. Von der Entstehungsphase eines Hellwegs in Dinxperlo-Bocholt
69. Over de etymologie van de Hel-namen (Heelweg, Hellweg, Helle..) in Nederland
70. Recapitulatie van de projecten Ego-Pronomina, Futhark en Hellweg
71. Over het ontstaan en de ondergang van het Futhark-alfabet
72. Die Etymologie der Wörter Hellweg, Heelweg, Rue d'Enfer, Rue de l'Enfer und Santerre
73. The Etymology of the Words Hellweg, Rue d'Enfer and Santerre
74. The Decoding of the Kylver Stone' Runes
75. The Digamma-Joker of the Futhark
76. The Kernel of the Futhorc Languages
77. De kern van de Futhark-talen
78. Der Kern der Futhark-Sprachen
79. De symboolkern IE van het Dutch
80. Notes to Guy Deutscher's "Through the Language Glass"
81. Another Sight on the Unfolding of Language (Published 1 maart, 2018)

Januari – December 2017 (8)

1. Notes to the Finnish linguistic symbolism of the sky-god's name and the days of the week
2. A modified Swadesh List (Published 12 / 17 / 2017)
3. A Paradise Made of Words
4. The Sky-God Names and the Correlating Personal Pronouns
5. The Nuclear Pillars of Symbolism (Published 10 / 28 / 2017)
6. The Role of the Dual Form in Symbolism and Linguistics (Oct 17, 2017)
7. The Correlation between the Central European Loess Belt, the Hellweg-Markers and the
Main Isoglosses
8. The Central Symbolic Core of Provencal Language (Oct 7, 2017)

December 2011 (2)

• Proceedings in the Pronouns' Etymology (Summary 2009-2018)
• The Hermetic Codex II - Bipolar Monotheism (Scribd)
Appendix 2 - The (incomplete) overview of ( ~250) pentagrams
According to a comment to the Sefer Jetsirah the letters in the Hebrew alphabet had been
categorized according to 5 categories, which are based on the 5 phonetic sources where the human
voice is generating the phonetic sounds.
Based on Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Judeo-Arabic commentary on “Sefer Yetzirah” (chapter 4,
paragraph 3), wherein he describes the phonetic sounds of the 22 characters of the Hebrew
alphabet and classifies them in groups based on their individual sounds: “Aleph ( ‫)א‬, hé (‫)ה‬, ḥet (
‫)ח‬, ‘ayin (‫ )ע‬are [gutturals sounds] produced from the depth of the tongue with the opening of
the throat, but bet (‫)ב‬, waw (‫)ו‬, mim (‫)מ‬, pé (‫ )פ‬are [labial sounds] made by the release of the lips
and the end of the tongue; whereas gimel (‫)ג‬, yōd (‫)י‬, kaf (‫)כ‬, quf (‫ )ק‬are [palatals] separated by
the width of the tongue [against the palate] with the [emission of] sound. However, daleth (‫)ד‬,
ṭet (‫)ט‬, lamed (‫)ל‬, nūn (‫)נ‬, tau (‫ )ת‬are [linguals] separated by the mid-section of the tongue with
the [emission of] sound; whereas zayin (‫)ז‬, samekh (‫)ס‬, ṣadi (‫)צ‬, resh (‫)ר‬, shin (‫ )ש‬are [dental
sounds] produced between the teeth by a tongue that is at rest. 19”

The following dictionary documents a number (~250) of perfect pentagrams in various languages.
Only a subset of these words have been composed as pentagrams. Other words unintentionally may
have turned into pentagrams.
#
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
1. A
ADUZI P Adige , ladinisch Adesc, trentinisch Àdes, Adige, (river) Italian
ETUSC P Adisch , Etsch Etsch German
2. A
AFRIN P Afrin – City and tributary of the Orontes River Afrin Turkish
3. A
AGNUS P agnus, Agnus Dei - (Noun) A lamb, especially Lamb Latin
one used as a sacrifice.
4. A
ALBIS P Elbe, latin Albis, meaning "river" or "river-bed" Albis (river) Latin
LABSK P tschech LABSK Elbe German
5. A
ALPIS P Tributary of the Danube in Herodotus (4. 49) Alpis (river) Latin
6. A
AMRIT P Amrit - a Phoenician port located near present- Amrit (port) Punic (?)
day Tartus in Syria.
7. A
AMRIT P Nectar, s. AMṚTAṂ in Amrit – Yogawiki Nectar Sanskrit
8. A
ANGUS P Angus Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Angus Scottish
Aonghas, perhaps literally "one choice". In Irish (name)
myth, Aonghus was the god of love and youth.
9. A
APRIL P fourth month, AUERIL, from Latin (mensis) april (month), English
AVRIL P Aprilis 2nd Month Old French
10. A
ARJUN(A) P Core: Arjun Arjuna Sanskrit
11. A
AULIS P Aulis From Ancient Greek Αὐλίς (Aulís). Aulis (port) Latin
Ancient port-town, located in Boeotia in central
Greece
12. A
A ARMIN P The etymology of the Latin name Arminius is Armin Dutch
ARMINIUS - unknown Latin
13. B
BÆTIS P Baetis, a river (Guadalquivir) in Spain Guadalquivir Latin
14. B
BATIR P batir beat Spanish

19 Footnote in Modern Hebrew phonology (quoted in The Composition of the Sky-God's Name in PIE-Languages)
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
15. B
BINZA P binza Pellicle Spanish
16. B
BISEL P bisel bevel Spanish
17. B
BISON P from Latin bison "wild ox," (animal) bison Latin
18. B
BLOIS P Blois (832 AD), in the Rennaissance official Blois French
residence of the King of France.
19. B
BÔZINE - Dialect: bôzine ‘landlady’. (bazin) landlady French
20. B
BRENG P To bring To bring Dutch
21. B
BRIAN P Brian. Etymology: Uncertain; possibly borrowed Brian Irish
from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėnt (“high, noble”).
22. B
B BÂTIR P bastir "build, construct, sew up, baste, make to build French
BASIN P baste (v.2) - Water vessel (of unknown origin) basin English
23. B
B BRAIN P Brain, brein; of uncertain origin, evt. van fr. PIE Brain Dutch
BREIN P root *mregh-m(n)o- "skull, brain" English
BREIThEEL P welsh breitheel welsh
BRÆG(E)N P oe. bræg(e)n (ne. brain)
*MREGh- - pie. *mregh-mo- (brains) PIE
MO
24. B
BREKhMÓS - Brekhmós: skull skull Greek
25. B
B BRIDE P Bride – Old-Frisian BREID; Dutch BRUID bride Dutch
B
BREID P a word of uncertain origin. English
BRUID - Old-Frisian
26. B
P BREChT P splendid (Brecht) splendid Dutch
B
PRAChT P Brecht (pronoun) bright Germanic
BRIGHT - bright (splendid) English
27. B
P BESIN P king Bisinus ( BESIN in Frankish) Thuringian Dutch
B
B
PISΕN P PISΕN in Lombard king Frankish
BASIN(A) P Basina, the queen of Thuringia (5th century). Basina v. Lombard
BAZIN P woman in charge Thuringia Thuringian
28. B 20
S BIDDEN P Fides, (confidence, trust) Fides (virtue) Dutch
F
FIDES P σφίδη (sphídē). σφίδη Latin
ΣΦΊΔΗ - Old English: BIDDAN "to ask, beg, pray” (sphídē). Old Greek
to ask, beg,
pray
29. C
CĀNUS P cānus (canus): grey, old, aged, venerable gray-haired Latin
30. C
CHURL P Churl (ceorl or CHURL), Churl English
lowest rank of freemen). (freeman)
31. C
CHURN P To churn (of unknown origin). Churn English
32. C
CRĪBLE - Crible - sieve, sifter, riddle Crible French
33. C
CROWN P "crown" – from Latin “corona” crown English
34. D
(D)JOUR - Jour day French
35. D
*DUIRO P Duero (river) Duero (river) Spain/Portug.
36. D
DARYVŠ - D- A- R- Ya- Va- ū- Š - Darius I Darius Old-Persian

20 Numa is said to have built a temple to Fides publica; Source: fides in William Smith, editor (1848) A
Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
DA(R)YVŠ - daryvuS
37. D
DECUS P Decus - deeds of honor, Grace, splendor, beauty. decus Latin
Honor, distinction, glory. Pride, dignity.
38. D
DIAUS P Dyáuṣ Pitṛṛ Sky-Father Sanskrit
39. D
DIÉU(S) P Dieu God French
40. D
DIVES P Dives (river) in France Dives (river) French
41. D
DIVES P dives rich, wealthy Latin
42. D
DIVUS - Divine, godlike – from the same source as deus. Divine Latin
godlike
43. D
DOUIX - Douix (Source at the river Seine) Douix (river) French
44. D
DYEUS P *Dyeus (god) DIEUS (god) PIE
45. D
D DIS-PATER - Dīs Pater Dīs Pater Latin deity
DĪVES- P originally DĪVES-PATER (m.)
PATER
46. E
ELPIS P Elpis hope Greek
47. E
ERBIL P Erbil. also HAWLER or Arbela, capital and most Erbil
populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
48. E
ERIDU P Eridu ("confluence" of the rivers) is the first city Eridu (city) Sumerian
in the world by the ancient Sumerians
49. E
ERMÏN P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98): (Irminones) (H)ERMÏN – Latin
(ARMIN) Herman
50. E
S ESPIÑA P spine (thorn, backbone, needle) Thorn, back English
S
S
SPINE P spīna (thorn, backbone, needle) Needle Latin
S
S
SPĪNA P spiná (спинаṛ, back) backbone Russian
SPINÁ - σπίλος (spílos) (rock, reef, cliff) cliff Greek
ΣΠΊΛΟΣ - espiña spine Galician
SPELD - speld, diminutive form of SPINE needle Dutch
51. F
FAÐIR P Faðir, FAÐIR Father Old-Norse
52. F
FAϸIR P The “father” seems to be a feeding care-taker, Feeder-father rune
including the “foster” father. In contrast the
procreator father is named the “Kuni”.
53. F
FASTI P Fasti - Allowed days Fasti Latin
54. F
FĒLIS P Felis – cat, fret Cat (animal) Latin
55. F
FELIZ P feliz (happy) feliz Spanish
56. F
FESTI P Festī, Festî - ‘strength, power, document’ (veste) fort Old-German
57. F
FIETS P Origin uncertain. Maybe from “vietse” ‘running’; bicycle Dutch
etymology from fiets (rijwiel)
58. F
FINAR P finar to die Spanish
59. F
FIRAT P The name (Euphrates) is YEPRAT in Armenian Firat (river) Turkish
(Եփրատ), PERAT in Hebrew (‫)פרת‬, FIRAT in [Euphrates] Kurdish
Turkish and FIRAT in Kurdish.
60. F
FOSITE Fosite: Norse god for justice Fosite (god) Frisian
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
61. F
FRANC P Frank free Dutch
FRANK P
62. F
F FRIJŌNĄ - from Proto-Germanic *frijōną to love; to Proto-Germ.
V
F
FRIJŌN P to free; make free free; to like Prt.-W.
V
V
VRÎEN P Germ.
F FRIJEN P M.L. German
VRIEN P Low German
VRIJEN P Middle Dutch
FRIJŌN P Dutch
Gothic
63. F
L FILOS P Filos, from: “philosopher” love Greek
L
ΦIΛOΣ P ΦIΛOΣ Greek
LIEF(S) P Dutch
LIeBES - German
64. F
P FYSON P Rivers of Paradise: Pison, Gihon, Hiddekel (or Fyson (river) Mid.-English
PISON P Tigris), and Euphrates. Pison English
65. G
GAUTR P Runen-Sprachschatz (Runic dictionary,German) wise man Icelandic
66. G
GENUS P genus (GENUS, “kind, sort, ancestry, birth”) Family, Latin
pedigree
67. G
GENU(S) P *genu, English knee Knee Latin
68. G
D DI-WE (S) or - DI-WE or DI-WO or DI-WE (S) or DI-WO (S) Zeus (*Dii ēus) Mycenaean
DI-WO (S) - Zeus (*Dii ēus) Greek
69. H
H HLEIFR - loaf (n.), the Germanic origin is uncertain bread Germanic
K
HLAIFS Hleifr Old-Norse
KHLAIBUZ Hlaifs Gothic
70. H
S (HI)SP ANIA - Spain - The origins of the Roman name Spain (state) Spanish
S
SP AIN P Hispania, and the modern España, are uncertain, English
SP ANIA - although the Phoenicians and Carthaginians Phoenician
referred to the region as Spania
71. I
INFERNO Inferi: "inhabitants of infernal regions, the dead." Inferno (Hell) Latin
72. I
IOU-piter – Jupiter (D)IOU(S) JOU-piter Latin
DJOUS P (*DJOUS PATĒR)
73. I
ISLAM P Islam – "submission [to God]" Islam English
74. I
ISTÆV P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98) – Istvaeones ISTÆV – Latin
75. I
J IANUS P Janus -god of the beginning and end [1]. Janus Latin
JANUS P Janus French
76. J
JUDAS P Judas Judas (name) Dutch
77. J
JULES P Jules Jules (name) French
78. J
JURAT P Jurat in Guernsey en Jersey Jury (court) French
79. J
JURON P juron curse French
80. J
JUSTE P Just "just, righteous; sincere" just French
JUSTO P Spanish
81. J
JUTES P Jutes People of English
Jutland
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
82. k
KARUN P Karun, Iran's most effluent and only navigable Karun (river) English
river. In the Bible: Gihon River, at the Garden
of Eden near the Persian Gulf, fed by the four
rivers Tigris, Euphrates, Gihon (Karun) and
Pishon (Wadi Al-Batin). The name is derived
from the mountain range named Kuhrang (→ :
Karoen)
83. K
KAUTR P Related to (runes) “Kuþlant” (Gotland) and wise runic
“Guth” (God)
84. K
KOTUS P Kotys (war, slaughter) war, slaughter Greek
85. K
KREY(N) P sieve, sifter, riddle *KREY(N) PIE-root
86. K
K KRAUT P Kraut / cruyt – Gothic *krûþ (genitive *krûdis), herbs Dutch
C
KRUID – neuter, might be taken for krû-da German
CRUYT - Indo-European references are unsecure.
87. L
*LIWAR P Loire Loire (river) French
88. L
LACUS P the l-rune (OE lagu, ON lǫgr/laugr (i, k, l, m ) water in some Latin
LAGUZ Laguz form Old-Norse
LAUGR
89. L
LAIUS P Laius- Son of Labdacus. Father, by Jocasta, of Laius Greek
Oedipus, who killed him.
90. L
LAPIS P Stone - May be connected with Ancient Greek lapis Latin
λέπας (lépas, “bare rock, crag”), from Proto-
Indo-European *lep- (“to peel”)
91. L
LEVIS P Levis, light (not heavy), quick, swift . Fickle , Levis (light) Latin
dispensable , trivial, trifling , easy (e.g. food)
92. L
LEWIS P Lewis (Louis, Clovis) (royal) Lewis English
93. L
LIB(A)RŌ P Liver (Germanic: *LIB(A)RŌ-) liver English
LIFER P lifer (Old English) Old English
LIVER P
*LIBRŌ
94. L
LIBAR P libar suck Spanish
LIBER
95. L
LIBRA P libra Pound Spanish
P Libra Libra
(astrology)
96. L
LIBRA P Libra scales Latin
97. L
LIBRE P libre (adj.) free Spanish
98. L
LIEF(S) P Lief – crefte lieuis ‘power of love’ [10e century; Love Dutch
W.Ps.]
99. L
LIMES P Limes (border) border Latin
100. L
LIi MOS P Limos starvation Greek
101. L
LIVES P lives lives English
102. L
LIVRE P livre book French
103. L
LOCUS P Location – Latin locus is from Old-Latinn stlocus Location Latin
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
‘id.’, etymology uncertain; maybe from → stal.
(loco-.)
104. L
LOUIS P Louis (Chlodowig) – LOUIS (royal) Louis French
105. L
LOUIS P Clovis (Chlodovechus) (Ch)LOUIS (royal) Clovis French
106. L
LUGAR P lugar {m} location Spanish
107. L
LUIER P luier (diaper) diaper Dutch
108. L
LÚKOS P LÚKOS ("wolf") Lúkos (wolf) Greek
109. L
LUXIA (?) - Luxia1 (river in Spain: Rio Tinto) Tinto (river) Latin
110. L
LUXOR P among the oldest inhabited cities in the world Luxor, Egypt
111. L
L LIBER P the word “Liberi” was a pluralia tantum Child Latin
LIBERI - (only used in the plural) Children
112. L
L LIBER P Liber - free, independent, unrestricted, unchecked free Latin
L
L
LIURE P (→ freeman) Old Occitan
L LIBRO P Old Occitan: liure ; Provencal libro Provencal
LIVRE P Portuguese: livre Portuguese
LIBRE P French: libre French
113. M
(Ava) MEZIN In Kurdish, the Tigris is known as Ava Mezin, Ava Mezin Kurdish
"the Great Water". [Tigris] river
114. M
*MOSIL P German Mosel, French Moselle, Dutch Moezel Mosel (river) German
115. M
MANSI P Are the Minoans and the Mansi in Siberia Mansi
related? | Minoans Part 6 (mensen)
116. M
MANUS - Manus - (मनस):—[from man] m. man or Manu man, mankind Sanskrit
(the father of men)
117. M
MARITSA - Maritsa (river) Maritsa river Bulgarian
MERIÇ P Meriç [meɾittʃ] Meriç[meɾittʃ] Turkish
118. M
MATIR P Mother – van Doorn A (2016). "On The Mother Gaulish
Gaulish Influence on Breton"
119. M
MATRI P Sicilian: [1] dativus: matri (MATRI) (dat.) Mother Sicilian
120. M
MEDIR P medir (algo) {verb} measure Spanish
121. M
MELIS P Melis (honeybee → [Telling the bees]) Melis (name) Dutch
122. M
MENRVA – MENRVA and MINERVA are Etruscan & Roman Menrva (god) Etruscan
MINERVA P names for Metis, the deity of wisdom Minerva Latin
123. M
MENSCh P man (person) from MENNISKO ('person') (1100) Man (person) Dutch
124. M
MERIT P Merit (Christianity), Merit (Buddhism), Variants: Merit English
MARIT P Maret (Estonia)/Marit (Swedish). (Name)
125. M
METIS P Metis (personified by Athena, pag. 2-59) Mind, (deity) Greek
(ΜΗΗΤΙΣ) P wisdom. She was the first wife of Zeus. wisdom
126. M
MIDAS P Midas (/ˈmaɪdəs/; Greek: Μίδας) is the name of Midas (royal) Greek
one of at least three members of the royal house
of Phrygia.
127. M
MILAS P Original capital of Caria. Milas Greek
128. M
MILES P Latin mīles (“soldier”) ; Myles (given name) mīles Latin
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
Etymology unknown, maybe of Etruscan origin. (“soldier”)
129. M
MÌNAS P Μήνας (moon) moon Greek
130. M
MINOR P minor (“less, smaller, inferior”) minor Latin
131. M
MINOS P Minos - Royal Name Minos (royal) Linear A
(Cretan)
132. M
MITÉRA - μητέρα (MITÉRA): [1] Mother New Greek
133. M
MIThER P mither (MIThER) Mother Scots
134. M
MIThRA(S) P Mithra - Zoroastrian angelic divinity (yazata) Mithra (god) Avestan
of covenant, light, and oath
135. M
MITRA P Mitra (Deity in the Rigveda) Mitra (god) Sanskrit
136. M
MÓÐIR P Móðir - MÓÐIR mother Icelandic
137. M
MΑRKT P markt (from Mercatus?) (market) market Dutch
138. M
ΜΈΤRΙΟS P Metrios - moderate, average, mean Metrion Greek
139. M
ΜΥΗΘΟΣ P Virtue: temperance: mythos (belief in real Myth Greek
history) - word of “unknown origin”
140. M
M MAINZ P Mainz – Mogontiacum. Main is from Latin Mainz (city) German
M
MENUS P Moenis (also MOENUS or MENUS), the name Main (river) German
MOENUS P the Romans used for the river.
141. M
M MELKS P Melk(en) milk Dutch
M
MÉLŽTI – (Lithuanian MÉLŽTI; Slovene MLÉSTI < Lithuanian
MLÉSTI - *MELZTI; all ‘milks’.) Slovene
142. N
NABIS P Nabis - Nabis, tyrant of Sparta Nabis (royal) Latin
143. N
NAVIS P Nāvis- ship or nave (middle or body of a church) ship Latin
144. N
NIFFER P Nibru was the original name of the city of Nibru Sumerian
NUFFAR - Nippur. Great complex of ruin mounds known to
NIBRU - the Arabs as Nuffar, written by the earlier
explorers Niffer, divided into two main parts by
the dry bed of the old Shatt-en-Nil (Arakhat)
Source: Nibru
145. N
NÎMES P Nîmes - Nemausus god of the local Volcae tribe. Nîmes French
146. N
NĪRAṂ P Nīraṃ water Sanskrit
147. N
NIRVA P nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”), from Nirwana Sanskrit
ननस (nis, “out”) + व (vā, “to blow”).
148. N
NUGOR P Nugor- I jest, trifle, play the fool, talk nonsense I trifle Latin
149. O
(H)ORMIZD - *Hasura MazdʰaH - Ahura Armenian
- Ahura Mazda (supreme god) Mazda Old-Persian
(H)ormazd
150. O
OCNUS P Ocnus – king of Alba Longa. He founded Ocnus (royal) Latin
modern Mantua in honor of his mother.[1]
151. O
OMNIS P Omnis - all, a word of unknown origin all Latin
152. P
*P ADIR P Pader (river) - word of unknown origin Pader (river) German
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
153. P
PANIS P Pānis (bread, loaf ) bread, loaf Latin
154. P
PARThI P Parthi - the Parthians, a Scythian people, Parthi Latin
155. P
PATIR P Patir (Vader) Vader Oscan
156. P
PEDIR P pedir algo {verb} request Spanish
157. P
PEDIS P Pĕdis - Louse louse Latin
158. P
PĒNIS P Penis ; Old Low German root: *PISA penis Latin
159. P
PÍAST P píast, péist -From Middle Irish péist, from Old Péist (beest) Irish
PÍEST Irish píast, from Latin bēstia.
160. P
PIeTER P Pieter (symbolic “PITER” or “PITAR”, because Pieter Dutch
the “e” indicates a long I vowel)
161. P
PILAR P short for "Maria del Pilar" and a popular Spanish Pilar (name) Spanish
given name
162. P
PILAR P Pilar (Catalan, Norwegian Bokmål, Nynorsk) pillar Catalan
Norse
163. P
PINEoS - Pineios ; Greek: Πηνειός Pineios Greek
(river)
164. P
PITAR P Pitar (father) Father Sanskrit
165. P
PITER P Initial Name Sankt-Piter-Boerch (Санкт-Питер- Saint-Piter- Russian
Бурхъ) for Saint Petersburg (from Geschiedenis) Borough
166. P
PRAChT P Pracht (splendor) splendor Dutch
167. P
PRANG P Prang (nose clip) nose clip Dutch
168. P
PRITHVI - Prithvi earth Sanskrit
169. P
PRONG P Prong ([Fish-]fork) (Fish-)fork English
170. P
PYLOS P Pylos - "Palace of Nestor" in Homer's Iliad. Pylos Greek
171. P
PYOTR P Pjotr (name) Peter Russian
172. P
PYREN(e) P Pyrene (Heuneburg); → Hekataios von Milet Pyrene Greek
173. P
B P ADIS P Padus (Po) (river), Padus (Po) Latin
BODIS P Bodincus (old Ligurian) Bodincus Ligurian
174. P
F PISON P Rivers of Paradise: Pis(h)on, (along with Fyson (river) English
FYSON P Hiddekel (Tigris), Phrath (Euphrates) and Pis(h)on Mid.-English
Gihon)
175. P
P POLIS P ancient Greek city-state, 1894, from Greek polis, polis Greek
PTOLIS - ptolis "citadel, fort, city, .." from PIE *tpolh-
"citadel; .. high ground; hilltop"
176. P
P POTIS P powerful, able, capable; possible powerful Latin
PATIS P husband Lithuanian
177. P
P POLISh P from Latin polire "to polish, make smooth; To polish (E) English
P
POLIRE - decorate, embellish;" , from: polīre ‘polish’, polieren (D) Latin
POLIS P unknown etymology. polijsten (NL) French
178. Q
QUERN P quern (n.) quern English
179. Q
QUR'AN P Quran – het heilige Boek van de Islam Quran Arabic
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
180. R
*RHIJUN P Rhein, Rhine, Rijn Rhine (river) Germanic
181. R
RAPID P rapid from French rapide, from Latin rapidus rapid English
182. R
RIJVΕN P rijven (to rake) (to write) To rake, write Dutch
183. R
RIVAL P rival - from Latin rivalis "a rival" originally, "of rival English
the same brook,"
184. R
RĪVΕN P rīven (mnd. rīven ‘to rub’) To rub Mnd.-Dutch
185. R
RIVΕT P rivet (fastener) rivet English
186. R
R RUÏNΕ P maybe from Latin verb ruere ruin Dutch
RUINA P (plural: RUINÆ) Latin
187. R
R RIJPΕN P ripen (etymology uncertain) ripen Dutch
R
RIPΕN P ripen English
REIFΕN - reifen German
188. S
SIBYL P sibyls are female prophets in Ancient Greece. sibyl English
189. S
SIFON P Siphon, sifon, syphon- from Ancient Greek ; sifon Old French
SIPhON P σίφων (síphōn, "pipe, tube for drawing wine from siphon English
SYPhON P a cask,"), of uncertain origin; σίφων Ancient
Greek
190. S
SILVA P Silva (wood, forest ) Silva Latin
191. S
SIMLA P Simla (city in India) Simla (stad) Indian (?)
192. S
SIMON P Simon Simon Dutch
193. S
SMILA P Smila (Σμίλα), city of Crusis, Herodotus. Smila Greek
Histories. 7.123.
194. S
SMILA Smile: Scandinavian source (such as Danish smile, smirk, Swedish
SMILE SMILE "smile," Swedish SMILA "smile, smirk, simper, fawn Danish
SMIÊT simper, fawn"), from Proto-Germanic *smil-, Latvian
extended form of PIE root *smei- "to laugh,
smile"
195. S
SOLYM(us) P Solym(us) (mountain) and Solym(us) (city) Solyma (city) Greek
196. s
SPAIN P Spain Spain English
197. S
SPILE P Spile wooden fork Latvian
198. S
SPINA P Spina - Etruscan city at the mouth of the Po-river Spina (city) Etruscan
199. S
SUTHI P tomb tomb Etruscan
200. S
SWINE P Swine - Old High German swin, Middle Dutch Swine English
swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old Norse, (animal)
Swedish, Danish svin)
201. S
S SABIN P Sabine [member of an Italian tribe] {1625} Sabine Etruscan
SABIJN P etymology: ‘kin’ sabijn Dutch
202. S
S SAUIL P sauil (Gothic), de zon en de letter “S” sun, Gothic
S
SAULI P sauli (Lithuanian, Indo-European Languages) (the letter S) Lithuanian
SÁULĖ - sáulė (Lithuanian)
203. T
TAGUS P The river Tagus in Spain, (in Spanish: Tajo) Tagus (river) Latin
204. T
TAMIS P tamis sifter French
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
205. T
TAPIR P Tapir Tapir English
206. T
TAXUS P Taxus baccata (European yew) yew English
207. T
TEIWS P The name of a Gothic deity named *TEIWS *TEIWS Gothic
(later *Tīus) (later *Tīus)
208. T
TERUG P terug (return, backwards) return Dutch
209. T nd
ThEMIS P ThEMIS – After METIS the 2 wife of Zeus Themis Greek
(ΘEMIΣ) P (justice)
210. T
THIUS P Thius (Late Latin) uncle Thius Latin
From Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos).
211. T
ThÍVA(s) - Thebe (in Boeotië) (Griekenland) Thebe Greek
Greek: Θήβα, Thíva [ˈθiva]
212. T
THUIS P thuis (at home) “at home” Dutch
213. T
ThYBES P Thebes (Egypt) – Ancient Greek: Θῆβαι Thebes Egyptian
214. T
ThYMOS P Courage (θυμός) soul, will , temper, mind θυμός Greek
215. T
TIBER P Tiber Etymology pre-Latin, origin may be Italic. Tiber (river) Latin
216. T
TIEUS P TIEUS (Tieu) plural of - A surname, borrowed Tieu(s) Vietnamees
from Vietnamese Tiêu, from Chinese 蕭.
217. T
TIFOS P Tifos "still water" still water Aegean
218. T
TIMOR P timor (Latin) awe, reverence. fear, dread. timor Latin
219. T
TIVAR P Plural for the deity týr gods Old-Norse
220. T
TIVAS P *Tīwaz deity Proto-
Germanic
221. T
TIWAS P Tiwaz Sun (as God) Luwian
222. T
TIWAZ P Rune (ᛏ) for the deity Týr Týr (god) rune
223. T
TJEUS P nickname to define the JEU-sayers Val Medel Sursilvan
(Sw.)
224. T
TRIBΕ P Tribe (stam) Tribe English
225. T
TURIA P Turia – river (280 km) in Valencia Turia (river) Spanish
226. T
TUROG P Locale pagan deity in Sussex Turog (god) Celtic (?)
227. T
T TAPIS P Tapis, rug French
T
TAPIS P Byzantine-Greek Byz.-Greek
TÁPĒS - Tápēs, Greek Greek
228. U
ULRIKE - Ulrike (female given name) Ulrike (name) German
229. U
UNIRΕ P ūnīre (to join, to unite, to put together), ūnīre Latin
230. U
U ÛÐIRA P Udder Udder Germanic
UIDER P Middle Dutch
UYDER P
231. U
U URINA P from Latin urina "urine," from PIE *ur- (source Urine, sperm Dutch
URINΕ P also of Greek ouron "urine"), variant of root *we- (source:urine) Latin
r- "water, liquid, milk, sperm" English
232. U
U UUATIRO – water (in watrischafo [709; ONW]) water (fluid) Dutch
W
 #
Pentagram P Information Definition Language
WATRIS – Old-Irish uisce ‘water’ (also see → whisky); Dutch
UISCE - Old-Irish
233. V
VAÐIR P vaðir (from váð; piece of cloth; garment) Clothes (plr.) Old-Norse
234. V
VALIS P Waal Waal (river) Latin
ChALUZ
235. V
VANIR P Vanir- House of the Wise (group of gods Vanir (gods) English
associated with health, fertility, wisdom, and the
ability to see the future. )
236. V
VEINS P veins veins English
237. V
VENUS - Godess for love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, Venus (god) Latin
prosperity and victory
238. V
VIDAR P Víðarr - son of Odin Víðarr (god) Old Norse
239. V
VIRAL P Viral viral English
240. V
VLIES P Vlies (membrane) membrane Dutch
241. V
VRAChT P Vracht (freight) freight Dutch
242. V
VRIJEN P (1): “VRIJEN”: to make love (1240). Originally: 1: To court Dutch
“to love” (from: vriend in Etymologiebank). 2: The free
(2): “de VRIJEN”: the “free people” people
(“FRANKs”)
243. V
W VIŽDĄ - “To have seen” - to wit (v.), weten, weten To know Dutch
W
WETEN - (German); OldChurchSlaw. viždą, vidiši, viděti to see, German
WISSEN ‘zien’ vědě ‘ik weet’; to know OCL
244. W
(W)ILUŠA - Wiluša (Ἴλιον, ĪĪlion ) Troy, ĪĪlion Hittite
245. W
WHIRL P whirl to spin English
246. W
WIJSEL P Wijsel, Wissel, Wisła Wijsel, Wissel German
VISLA P (ancient sources spell the name ISTULA) Wisła (river) Polish
247. W
WIJZEN P To point, to teach To teach Dutch
248. W
WISEN(t) - Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) of Europese BIZON Wisent Germanic
249. W
WIZARD - wizard – (originally): "to know the future." (?) philosopher English
250. W
WIZZŌD - wet wet Old.H.-Germ.
251. W
WRANG P wrang (sourish) sourish Dutch
252. W
WRONG P wrong wrong English
253. W
W WRITE P To write To write English
WRITA P Old Frisian
254. Y
YSULA P Yssel, IJssel Yssel (river) Latin
ISULA IJssel
255. Z
DŹWINA P Düna ; Polish Dźwina Düna (river) Polish
256. Z
ZEMLJA - Zemlja (earth) earth Slavic
257. Z
ZUNGE P Zunge; from Proto-West Germanic *tungā, tongue German
*TUNGǬ - from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ; from Proto- Prt-Germanic
LINGUA - Indo-European *dnnǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”). Latin Latin
TONGUE - lingua English
Dictionary with a number of (~250) perfect pentagrams