Firearms Bombs and Explosive

Firearms bombs and explosive was discussed by Pssg. Philip

T. Girao.
Pssg. Philip T. Girao – is graduated of BS Criminology at
WVSU, Lambunao Campus. He is one of the instructors of
Passi City College in the Criminology Department and he is
also a ROTC Commander. He is a good, intelligent, joyful
kind of teacher. All I can say about Pssg. Girao is thank you so much sir for sharing your
knowledge. You’re great and God bless you always sir.
The speaker discussed – the incident overview and bomb threat protocols and protective
measures.
I learned about firearms bomb and explosive are the
 Important terms to Remember
Bomb – Greek word – “Bombos” meaning “Boom” in English
Bomb is a device capable of producing damage to material and injury and death to people when
detonated or ignited.
Bombs are classified as explosive, which causes damage by fragmentation, heat, and blast wave,
and incendiary which generates fire producing heat without a substantial explosion when ignited.
GOALS OF BOMB THREAT MANAGEMENT
1. Make informed decisions during bomb threat analysis.
2. Minimize the consequence of a potential attack or threat on personal and structures.
3. Determine potential perpetrators of bombing attacks.
4. Mitigate vulnerabilities to bombing attacks.

Addressing a suspicious item

R – Recognize the indication of a suspected explosive device
A – Avoid the area
I – Isolate the suspected device
N – Notify Appropriate Emergency Services
Chief parts of a Bomb
 Case – normally made of steel and contains the explosives
 Fuse – causes the bomb to explode when desired
 Fin/tail – stabilizes the bomb during flight
 ARMING-WIRE – keep the fuze from being armed until after the bomb is dropped

Classes of Bombs
 Explosive –
 Chemical –
 Practice/Drill Bombs –
Other Important Terminologies
Bombing –
Bomb Threat –
Bomb Incident –
Why do bomb incidents happen?
Terrorism –
Hate Crime –
Wanton Destruction –
Varied Motivation –

Use of IED (Improvised Explosive Device)

Remember S. P. I. C. E. E.
Switch
Power Source
Initiator
Container
Explosive/s
Enhancer

Firearms: A Quick History

-Almost every gun is based on the same simple concept: You apply explosive pressure behind a
projectile to lunch it down a barrel
-The earliest and simplest application of this idea is the cannon.

*Identification of Firearms – is based upon this basic idea:

A harder object marks a softer one and imparts/transfers its microscopic irregularities to that
object.
Caliber: the diameter of the gun barrel.
Caliber is recorded in hundredths of one inch (.22 and .38) millimeters (9mm)
Cartilage Markings – all moving components contract the cartilage rather than the bullet can
leave useful impressions on cartidges.

Gunshot Residue (GSR)

GSR- Substance released when a person shoots a gun
GSR Source:
Victim, clothing, or target
Shooter’s hand

Gunpowder Chemistry
Major detectable elements are: lead (Pb), barium (Ba), antimony (Sb)
Virtually all cartilages are made of brass (copper and zinc): also detectable.

 Result of GSR Hand Test

Negative result may be caused by:
Washing the hands
Shooter may have been wearing gloves
Lead free ammunition
A riffle or shotgun may not deposit GSR on hands.

Powder tattooing is seen in this intermediate range gunshot wound. The actual entrance site is
somewhat irregular, because the bullet can tumble in flight.
  Serial Number Restoration
- When a serial number is stamped into a gun, the metal underneath the number is
compressed and hardened.
- If the number is filed-off, the hardened area may still be present.
- By using an acid solution the metal can be slowly eaten away.
- In this process the softer metal will be eaten away first and the number may reappear.

FIREARM EVIDENCE COLLECTION

a. Photograph
b. Sketch
c. Good Notes
 When the firearm was found
 Was the safety on or off
 Was there live ammunition in the gun
 Malee, model, caliber, and serial number of the gun
 Location of any spent bullets or casing found
 Documentation of any bullet holes, or bullet damge.
d. Guns
 Never wipe off the gun
 Loaded guns should be unloaded at the scene, but documentation of live rounds in the
gun should occur prior to unloading.
e. Bullet and casings should be individually wrapped to prevent further scratches an when a
doctor is removing a bullet from a victim forceps should not be used.
Clothing
Protect and preserve any residue
Air dry if wet
Package separated in plastic bags

I agree with the speaker that – the bomb is very dangerous.

However, my opinion about – Firearms and bombs and Explosive is to report any suspicious bag
ot thing left in crowded place.
According to my research A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of
an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy.
After listening to the speaker I reached the conclusion that – bomb is very dangerous and
harmful to everyone.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb

June 7, 2021
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SUBMITTED BY: GLEND PACCIAL