OC & SC TESTS ON 1 – PHASE TRANSFORMER

AIM:
To conduct Open circuit and Short circuit tests to pre-determine the performance
of the single phase transformer

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Voltage
Current
KVA RATING

APPARATUS:

S.NO NAME TYPE RANGE Quantity

1 AMMETER MI (0- 5) A, 1
(1- (0- 20) A 1
2 VOLTMETER MI (0- 300 )V, 1
(1- (0- 50 )V 1
3 WATTMETER UPF 150 V/ 20 A 1
4 WATTMETER LPF 300 V/5 A 1
5 AUTO 1-Φ 230 V / (0- 270) V/ 1
TRANSFORMER 15 A
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS
PROCEDURE (OC TEST):
1. Make the Connections as per the circuit diagram
2. Initially variac should be kept in its minimum position
3. Close the DPST switch
4. By varying Auto transformer bring the voltage to rated voltage
5. When the voltage in the voltmeter is equal to the rated voltage of LV winding note
down all the readings of the meters
6. After taking all the readings bring the variac to its minimum position
7. Now switch off the supply by opening the DPST switch

PROCEDURE (SC TEST):

1. Make the Connections as per the circuit diagram

2. Short the LV side and connect the meters on HV side
3. Before taking the single phase, 230 V, 50 Hz supply the variac should be in
minimum position
4. Now close the DPST switch so that the supply is given
5. By varying the variac when the ammeter shows the rated current then note down
all the readings
6. Bring the variac to minimum position after taking the readings and switch off the
supply

MODEL CALCULATIONS:
PRECAUTIONS:

1. Loose connections should be avoided

2. Variac should be in minimum position initially
3. During the SC test make sure that constant current is supplied

MODEL GRAPHS:
1. Load Vs Efficiency
2. Pf Vs Regulation
1)

2)
RESULT:

REVIEW QUESTIONS:
1) The regulation calculated is exact or approximate?
2) Is it direct or indirect test?
3) What are the parameters to be calculated by using this test?
4) What are the conditions for maximum regulation and zero regulation?
 BRAKE TEST ON 3 -PHASE SLIP RING INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM:
To perform Brake test on 3- phase Slip ring induction motor to determine
performance characteristics.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Voltage
Current
Power
Speed

APPARATUS:

S.NO NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

1 Voltmeter MI 0-600 V 01No
2 Ammeter MI 0-10 A 01No
3 Wattmeter Dynamamo 600 V/ 10 A 02No
meter UPF(F/R)
4 Tachometer Digital (0-10000)RPM 01NO
5 Connecting ---- ---- Required
Wires number

Circuit Diagram
PROCEDURE:
 1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram
2. Insert the proper rating fuses
3. Initially we place the rotor rheostat in maximum position
4. Initially there is no load on the motor
5. Close the TPST switch by giving 415 V, 50 Hz AC supply using 3-phase Auto
Transformer
6. Measure no load voltage, current and power
7. Apply the load by tightening the brake drum measure the values of voltage,
current , wattmeter, speed, weights reading i.e. S1 and S2.
8. After taking the values make brake drum in initial position(voltage 415 to 0
position) then switch off the supply (Remove TPST switch)
9. Tabulate the results and draw the graphs.

MODEL CALCULATION:

MODEL GRAPHS:
1. Output Vs Efficiency
2. Output Vs Torque
3. Slip Vs Torque

PRECAUTIONS:
1. While starting the motor the load should not be there on the drum
2. The applied load on the brake drum does not exceed its rated value
3. The readings should be noted without parallelax errors
4. Always the drum should be kept cool

RESULT:

REVIEW QUESTIONS:
1) Is it possible to realize maximum torque at starting of induction motor?
2) What should be the frequency of injected emf in rotor circuit?

OC AND SC TESTS ON 3 – PHASE ALTERNATOR

 AIM:
To conduct Open circuit and Short circuit tests on a three- phase Alternator and to
determine the voltage regulation and synchronous impedance using EMF and MMF
methods

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

DC SHUNT MOTOR ALTERNATOR

VOLTAGE VOLTAGE
CURRENT CURRENT
SPEED SPEED
POWER POWER
EXCITATION CURRENT EXCITATION CURRENT

APPARATUS:
S.NO NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
1 VOLTMETER MI 0-600 V 01No
2 VOLTMETER MC 0-50 V 01No
3 AMMETER MI 0-10 A 01No
4 AMMETER MC 0-2 A 01No
5 RHEOSTAT WIRE 300 Ω / 2 A 01No
WOUND 100Ω / 5 A 01No
6 Connecting ---- ----- Required
Wires number
7 Digital (0-
Tachometer
10,000)RPM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
PROCEDURE (OC TEST):
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram
 2. Bring the D.C shunt motor to rated speed by varying rheostat(say field).
3. Alternator is brought to the synchronous speed by using shunt motor.
4. Initially the stator terminals are open circuited.
5. Now increase (Potential divider) the field current of alternator and note the values
of ammeter, voltmeter.
6. Slowly reduce the (Potential divider ) excitation and field rheostat of shunt motor
to their initial positions. switch off supply

PROCEDURE (SC TEST):

1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram
2. The Stator terminals are short circuited using a switch
3. Now close the DPST switch and by varying the field rheostat bring DC shunt
motor to its rated speed
4. Alternator is synchronized using shunt motor
5. Now vary the DC excitation of alternator in steps to field current rated value and
note A1 and A2 values
6. Bring back the excitation and field rheostat to their initial positions

MODEL CALCULATIONS:
PRECAUTIONS:
1. The excitation should not exceed the field current
2. The rheostat in shunt motor should be at minimum position
3. Take the readings without parallelax errors

MODEL GRAPHS:
1. Field current ( If ) Vs Generated EMF ( E )
2. Field current ( If ) Vs Short circuit current ( I sc )
3. Power factor Vs % Regulation
RESULT:

REVIEW QUESTIONS:
1) What is meant infinite bus bar?
2) How to minimize hunting effect?
3) At what condition frequency collapses?
4) What is synchroscope?