List of Presidents of the United States

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"Presidents of the United States" and "US Presidents" redirect here. For the American Rock band, see  The
Presidents of the United States of America (band). For other uses, see  President of the United States
(disambiguation).

The White House, the president's official residence and center of the administration

Under the United States Constitution, the President of the United States is the head of state and head of
government of the United States of America. As chief of the executive branch and head of the federal
government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and
recognition. The president is also the Commander-in-Chief of the United States Armed Forces. The president
is indirectly elected to a four-year term by anElectoral College (or by the House of Representatives should the
Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the Twenty-
second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected to the office of the
president more than twice. Furthermore, no person who served more than two years of a term - to which
someone else was elected - may be elected more than once. [1] Upon the death, resignation, or removal from
office of an incumbent president, the Vice President assumes the office.

Contents
 [hide]

1 About the list

2 List of presidents

3 Living former

presidents

4 See also

5 Notes
 6 References

7 External links

About the list

This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of
the United States Constitution, which took effect on March 4, 1789. For American leaders before this
ratification, see President of the Continental Congress.[2] The list does not include any Acting Presidents under
the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

There have been forty-three people sworn into office, and forty-four presidencies, as Grover Cleveland served
two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth
president. Of the individuals elected as president, four died in office of natural causes (William Henry
Harrison[3], Zachary Taylor.[4], Warren G. Harding[5][6], and Franklin D. Roosevelt), one resigned (Richard
Nixon[7]), and four were assassinated (Abraham Lincoln[8][9], James A. Garfield[10][11], William McKinley[12][13][14][15],
and John F. Kennedy). The first president was George Washington, who was inaugurated in 1789 after a
unanimous Electoral College vote. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office at 31 days in 1841.
At over twelve years, Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest time in office, and is the only president to serve
more than two terms; he died shortly into his fourth term in 1945, the decision to drop the atomic
bomb on Hiroshima andNagasaki was left to his successor Harry S. Truman, the bombing effectively ended
the Pacific War. The current president is Barack Obama; he assumed the office on January 20, 2009, and is
the first president of African-American descent.[16][17][18][19][20] He is also the first president born outside
the contiguous United States, having been born in Hawaii.[21][22]

List of presidents

Parties
      No party        Federalist        Democratic-Republican        Democratic        Whig        Republican

No
Took Term
. President Left office Party [n 1] Vice President
[n 1] office

1 (1789)

George
Washington April 30,
1 March 4, 1797 no party   John Adams
(1732–1799) 1789
[23][24][25][26]
2 (1792)
 John Adams March 4, Thomas
2 (1735–1826) March 4, 1801 Federalist 3 (1796)
[27][28][29][30] 1797 Jefferson

4 (1800) Aaron Burr

Thomas
Jefferson March 4, Democratic-
3 March 4, 1809
(1743–1826) 1801 Republican
[31][32][33][34]
George
5 (1804)
Clinton

George
Clinton[n 2]
March 4, 1809 –
April 20, 1812
6 (1808)

vacant[n 3]
April 20, 1812 –
March 4, 1813

James Madison March 4, Democratic-

4 (1751–1836) March 4, 1817
[35][36][37][38] 1809 Republican
Elbridge
Gerry[n 2]
March 4, 1813 –
November 23,
1814
7 (1812)

vacant[n 3]
November 23, 1814 –
March 4, 1817

8 (1816)

James Monroe March 4, Democratic- Daniel D.

5 (1758–1831) March 4, 1825
[39][40][41][42] 1817 Republican Tompkins
9 (1820)
 John Quincy Democratic-
Adams March 4, Republican; John C.
6 March 4, 1829 10 (1824)
(1767–1848) 1825 National Calhoun
[43][44][45][46]
Republican

John C.
Calhoun[n 4]
March 4, 1829 –
December 28, 1832
11 (1828)
Andrew
Jackson March 4,
7 March 4, 1837 Democratic vacant[n 3]
(1767–1845) 1829 December 28, 1832 –
[47][48][49][50]
March 4, 1833

Martin Van
12 (1832)
Buren

Martin Van Richard

Buren March 4,
8 March 4, 1841 Democratic 13 (1836) Mentor
(1782–1862) 1837
[51][52][53][54] Johnson

14 (1840)

William Henry
Harrison March 4, April 4, 1841
9 [n 2] Whig John Tyler
(1773–1841) 1841
[55][56][57][58]

10 John Tyler April 4, March 4, 1845 Whig vacant[n 3]

[n 5] (1790–1862) 1841 April 4, 1841 –
[59][60][61][62]
September 13, 1841

no party[n 6]
 September 13, 1841
– March 4, 1845

James K. Polk March 4, George M.

11 (1795–1849) March 4, 1849 Democratic 15 (1844)
[63][64][65][66] 1845 Dallas

Zachary Taylor March 4, July 9, 1850 Millard

12 (1784–1850) [n 2] Whig
[67][68][69][70] 1849 Fillmore

16 (1848)

Millard
Fillmore July 9,
13 March 4, 1853 Whig vacant[n 3]
(1800–1874) 1850
[71][72][73][74]

14 Franklin Pierce March 4, March 4, 1857 Democratic 17 (1852) William R.

(1804–1869)
[75][76][77][78]
1853 King[n 2]
March 4, 1853 –
April 18, 1853

vacant[n 3]
April 18, 1853 –
 March 4, 1857

James
Buchanan March 4, John C.
15 March 4, 1861 Democratic 18 (1856)
(1791–1868) 1857 Breckinridge
[79][80][81][82]

Hannibal
Republican 19 (1860)
Hamlin
Abraham
Lincoln March 4, April 15, 1865
16 [n 7]
(1809–1865) 1861
[83][84][85][86]
Republican Andrew
[n 8]
National Union Johnson

20 (1864)

Andrew Democratic
Johnson April 15, [n 8] vacant
17 March 4, 1869 National Union ; [n 3]
(1808–1875) 1865 [n 9]
[87][88][89][90] no party

18 Ulysses S. Grant March 4, March 4, 1877 Republican Schuyler

(1822–1885) 21 (1868)
[91][92][93][94]
1869 Colfax

22 (1872) Henry
Wilson[n 2]
March 4, 1873 –
November 22,
1875
 vacant[n 3]
November 22, 1875 –
March 4, 1877

Rutherford B.
Hayes March 4, William A.
19 March 4, 1881 Republican 23 (1876)
(1822–1893) 1877 Wheeler
[95][96][97][98]

James A. September 19,

Garfield March 4, Chester A.
20 1881 Republican
(1831–1881) 1881 [n 7] Arthur
[99][100][101][102]

24 (1880)

Chester A.
Arthur September
21 March 4, 1885 Republican vacant[n 3]
(1829–1886) 19, 1881
[103][104][105][106]

Thomas A.
Hendricks[n 2]
March 4, 1885 –
November 25,
Grover 1885
Cleveland March 4,
22 March 4, 1889 Democratic 25 (1884)
(1837–1908) 1885
[107][108][109][110]

vacant[n 3]
November 25, 1885 –
March 4, 1889
 Benjamin
Harrison March 4, Levi P.
23 March 4, 1893 Republican 26 (1888)
(1833–1901) 1889 Morton
[111][112][113][114]

Grover
Cleveland March 4, Adlai E.
24 March 4, 1897 Democratic 27 (1892)
(1837–1908) 1893 Stevenson I
[107][108][109][110]

Garret
Hobart[n 2]
March 4, 1897 –
November 21,
1899
28 (1896)
William September 14,
McKinley March 4,
25 1901 Republican vacant[n 3]
(1843–1901) 1897 [n 7]
[115][116][117][118] November 21, 1899 –
March 4, 1901

Theodore
Roosevelt
29 (1900)

vacant[n 3]

Theodore
Roosevelt September
26 March 4, 1909 Republican
(1858–1919) 14, 1901
[119][120][121][122]
Charles W.
30 (1904)
Fairbanks
 James S.
Sherman[n 2]
March 4, 1909 –
William October 30, 1912
Howard Taft March 4,
27 March 4, 1913 Republican 31 (1908)
(1857–1930) 1909
[123][124][125][126]

vacant[n 3]
October 30, 1912 –
March 4, 1913

32 (1912)

Woodrow
Wilson March 4, Thomas R.
28 March 4, 1921 Democratic
(1856–1924) 1913 Marshall
[127][128][129][130]
33 (1916)

Warren G. August 2,
Harding March 4, Calvin
29 1923 Republican
(1865–1923) 1921 [n 2] Coolidge
[131][132][133][134]
34 (1920)

vacant[n 3]

Calvin Coolidge August 2,

30 (1872–1933) March 4, 1929 Republican
[135][136][137][138] 1923
Charles G.
35 (1924)
Dawes

Herbert Hoover March 4,

31 (1874–1964) March 4, 1933 Republican 36 (1928) Charles Curtis
[139][140][141][142] 1929
 37 (1932)
[n 10]

John Nance
Garner

38 (1936)
Franklin D.
Roosevelt March 4, April 12, 1945
32 [n 2] Democratic
(1882–1945) 1933
[143][144][145][146]
Henry A.
39 (1940)
Wallace

Harry S.
Truman
40 (1944)

vacant[n 3]

Harry S.
Truman April 12, January 20,
33 Democratic
(1884–1972) 1945 1953
[147][148][149][150]
Alben W.
41 (1948)
Barkley

42 (1952)

Dwight D. January 20,

Eisenhower January 20,
34 1961 Republican Richard Nixon
(1890–1969) 1953 [n 11]
[151][152][153][154]
43 (1956)

44 (1960)

John F. November 22,

Kennedy January 20, Lyndon B.
35 1963 Democratic
(1917–1963) 1961 [n 7] Johnson
[155][156][157][158]

36 Lyndon B. November January 20, Democratic vacant[n 3]

Johnson 22, 1963 1969
 (1908–1973) Hubert
[159][160][161][162] 45 (1964)
Humphrey

46 (1968) Spiro Agnew[n

4]

January 20, 1969 –

October 10, 1973

Richard Nixon January 20, August 9,

37 (1913–1994) 1974 Republican vacant[n 3]
[163][164][165][166] 1969 [n 4] October 10, 1973 –
December 6, 1973

Gerald Ford
December 6, 1973
– August 9, 1974
47 (1972)

vacant[n 3]
August 9, 1974 –
December 19, 1974

Gerald Ford August 9, January 20,

38 (1913–2006) Republican
[167][168][169][170] 1974 1977
Nelson
Rockefeller
December 19, 1974
– January 20, 1977

Jimmy Carter January 20, January 20, Walter

39 (1924– ) Democratic 48 (1976)
[171][172][173][174] 1977 1981 Mondale

40 Ronald Reagan January 20, January 20, Republican 49 (1980) George H. W.

(1911–2004) 1981 1989 Bush
[175][176][177][178]

50 (1984)
 George H. W.
Bush January 20, January 20,
41 Republican 51 (1988) Dan Quayle
(1924– ) 1989 1993
[179][180][181][182]

52 (1992)

Bill Clinton January 20, January 20,

42 (1946– ) Democratic Al Gore
[183][184][185][186] 1993 2001
53 (1996)

54 (2000)

George W. Bush January 20, January 20,

43 (1946– ) Republican Dick Cheney
[187][188][189][190] 2001 2009
55 (2004)

Barack Obama January 20,

44 (1961– ) Incumbent Democratic 56 (2008) Joe Biden
[191][192][193][194] 2009