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NURSING VERSUS GENDER IMPLICATIONS IN THE SCOPE OF THE PROFESSION Dariane, Savegnago Don1; Emilia, da Silva2; Katiane, Sefrin

Speroni3; Martha, Teixeira de Souza4 INTRODUCTION Nursing as a profession, observed throughout the history of mankind shows social, sexual and emotional asymmetry between men and women and also in professional relationships that imply this paradigm. In this context, is evident that the the male figure, throughout history, assumes a role of power and freedom and the woman is set up by cultural and social values articulated to the action of submission and obedience. The nursing profession was influenced by Christianity, being seen as charity work and dedication to the care of the sick and dependent upon the medical profession. Today, we still observe the relationship of power that the other healthcare professions considered to be male inclined, play on the nursing proceedings and the abyss between the professional doctor and nurse, from the sexual division until the responsibilities of every profession. Despite all the existing technological growth, society still considers the female figure the weaker sex, unable to perform some activities, thus representing inferiority to men. The objective of this study is to propose a critical and reflective discussion about issues related to gender, attached to the nursing profession and the relationship of submission and power with other occupations, being justified due to the fact that this is a subject not largely discussed in the scientific society and also to demystify the nursing as being a charitable profession.

METHODOLOGY This study is a Bibliographic review that is defined as the evolution of knowledge about a specific topic, highlighting the failures and successes of different papers in the area, criticizing and praising and summarizes 1 what is really important about theme .Moreover, the main advantage of the Bibliographic research is in the fact that it allows the researcher to collect a range of phenomena much broader than the one that could be directly researched2.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Discuss social relations is also debating about the relation of power that is exercised in the private and public space. The genre becomes a way of indicating "social constructions" of ideas about the appropriate roles for women and men. Gender is a social category imposed on a body that has a sexual identity and became an instrument to distinguish the sexual practice of male and female roles, as well as its part in society3. Power has many directions, however nothing will change in society if their operating mechanisms are not modified, considering the fact that power is not something you acquire or share, but it is exercised from multiple points and in the midst of unequal and mobile relations. Therefore, power is exercised over an entity that is submitted to another, because there is no power relation when there is equality between the entities. To the same to occur, it is necessary the existence of a relation of inequality and inferiority, tied to wisdom4. The hegemony of power between the professions and the difference of genders brings cultural and social aspects of years of history, since knowledge is a major factor in this relationship, articulated to the aspects of gender. It is known that to discover the ideological mechanisms that marked the establishment of nursing as a profession and still operate effectively nowadays, has caused changes in regard to knowledge and power, allowing the construction of opposition to established powers and of 5 confrontation, seeking thereby overcoming . Therefore, nursing will only overcome the patriarchal stereotype when establishing new concepts, in other words , to be intended for the technical-scientific knowledge seizing of knowing, in which female identity is incorporated into the male in a logical relation, integrating the public and the private, professional relations and the knowledge of each profession, overcoming the paradigms and searching new knowledge6 .

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS With the study in question is concluded that for nursing to evolve scientifically, it must be extinguished some taboos, such as gender differences in professions and issues related to submission to other health professionals who work aside nursing. Build

awareness of gender triggers changes in training and professional practices, so that all nurses (male and female) are subjects of another history. The context in which nursing experiences powers are established, and in these is included the medical power, therefore, has restricted the autonomy of nursing practice, which is evident in the gender inequality. From this perspective, it is not good enough to recognize the mechanisms of power, but to create instruments to overcome them. In addition to recognize the inequalities between genders and professions, it is necessary to integrate the classes through the interrelationship of life experiences, setting up space for active participation of women, humanizing the relations and exercising the care and ethics of care. REFERENCES 1 VIEIRA Sonia; HASSNE, William Saad. Metodologia cientifica para rea de sade. 7 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2001. 2 GIL Antonio Carlos. Metodologia cientifica para rea de sade. . Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa. 7 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2001. 4 ed. So Paulo: Atlas, 2002. 3 SCOTT J. Gnero: uma categoria til para anlise histrica. Educao e realidade, Porto Alegre: 16(2): 5-22, Jul.-Dez., 1999. 4 FOUCAULT M. Microfsica do poder. Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Graal; 1998. 5 COELHO, EAC. Gnero, sade e enferm. vol.58 n.3. Mai.-Jun: Braslia/DF: 2005 enfermagem. Rev. bras.

6 FONSECA, TMG. As marcas do feminino nas relaes d etrabalho: colocando algumas questes para a discusso. In: Anais do Fazendo gnero 3: Genero e sade. UFSC. V.1, n.1, 1995.

Keywords: Nursing; Gender, Profession.

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