g]skfn] n]lgg hoGtL tyf kf6L{

:yfkgf lbj; ;ftfJofkL?kdf dgfpg]

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :Tyfkgf ePsf] lbg
kf6L{n] n]lgg hoGtL tyf g]kfndf @@ clk|nsf] cj;/df ;ftfJofkL
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ :yfkgf lbj; sfo{qmd;lxt lbj; dgfpg] lg0f{o

;ftfJofkL?kdf dgfpg] atfPsf] u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

jif{ !^, c+s @#, @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/ (Mar. 19, 2023) d"No ?= !).– 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf] d+unaf/ ;DkGg ;f]leot ;+3 ?;sf] ;dfhjfbL
:yfoL ;ldltsf] a}7sn] g]kfndf -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

‘g]kfnsf] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf lj36gsf] k|lqmof cGTo eP/ ;+u7gsf] k|lqmof ;'? eof]’
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{ s f dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln]
g] k fnsf] sDo' l g:6 cfGbf] n gdf
lj36gsf] k| l qmof cGTo eP/
;+u7gsf] k|lqmof ;'? ePsf] 7f]s'jf
u/]sf 5g\\ . dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln]
a'waf/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / g]skf
dfcf] j fbL ;dfhjfbLaLr kf6L{
Pstf;DaGwL ;+ o ' Q m kqsf/
;Dd]ngnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;f] s'/f
atfPsf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln]
kl/jt{gsf/L cu|ufdL sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ x ?aLrsf] Pstf k| l qmofsf]
ug{k' g]{ atfpFb} eg]– æ@)^@–^#;fn
jl/kl/af6 g] k fnsf] sDo' l g:6
cfGbf] n gdf lj36g, ljrng,
/fi6«3ft / k'm6sf] pTsif{df uPsf]
lyof] . ca sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngnfO{{
w|j" Ls/0f / Pstfsf] lbzfdf ;+ul7t
ug]{ k|of; / yfngL u/]sf 5f}F . of]
Pstf eg] s f] bnfn k' F h Ljfb,
e'd08nLs[t ;fd|fHojfb, ef/tLo
;fd|fHojfb / ;+;bLo uf]nrSs/af6
b]znfO{{ d'Qm ug{ tyf g]kfnsf
sDo'lg:6 b]zk|]dLx?nfO{{ uf]naGb
ug{sf nflu ul/Psf] Pstf xf] . of]
Pstf cf}krfl/s ¿kdf cfhsf]
g]kfnsf bnfnx? clt sd ljsl;t
b]zsf] cWoIf x'gsf nflu n8fOF
ub}{5g\\ . of] l:yltaf6 b]znfO{{ d'Qm
ug{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / cfGbf]ngnfO{{
Pstfj4 ug{ h?/L /x]sf] 5 .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] cuf8L
eg]– …g]kfnsf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x?sf]
bnfnLs/0fsf] l:yt / To;sf]
;dfwfgsf] ;Gbe{ d f–dfcf] j fbL
;/sf/df x'bF f Pdfn]n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{{
ljb]zLsf] uf]6L aGof] eG5, Pdfn]
;/sf/df x'bF f dfcf]jfbLn] Pdfn]nfO{{
ljb] z Lsf] uf] 6 L eof] eG5, of]
pgLx?sf] /x/ xf]Og bnfn pTkfbg
sDo'lg:6nfO{{ l;Wofpg b]zL–ljb]zL
bnfn ;lqmo /x]sf] 7f]s'jf ub}{
To;nfO{{ lrg{ / To;lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{'
g]kfnsf qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6sf nflu
cxd\ ljifo ePsf] atfP . pgn]
hgtfsf] kf6L{ / hgtfsf] g]tfn]
cfk"mnfO{{ 7Ls 9+un] g;f]Rbf b]z /
hgtfnfO{{ 7"nf] df/ k/]sf] atfP .
k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Ln] dxfg /
Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf hgtf g} ePsf]
pNn]v ub}{ b]z / hgtfsf] kf6L{ /
g]tf aGg g;Sbf 7"n–7"nf cfGbf]ng
/ hg;+3if{ x'Fbf ;d]t k"0f{pklNw
xfl;n x'g\ g;s]sf] eGb} hgtf k'g M
5g\ . pgn] eg]– æxfdL pxfFsf]
;fydf 5f},F of] s]kL cf]nL / k|r08sf]
zlQmsf] vfFrf] 5 .Æ
cWoIf z';Lnn] cuf8L eg]– æha
h:tf] Pstf xf] O g, xfd| f ] ju{ , /fi6«df ;+s6 k5{ ta /fi6«Lo Pstfsf]
cfGbf]ng / b]zsf] cfjZostf k'/f cfjZostf k5{, ha juL{o ;+s6 k}bf
ug{ Pstfsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf xf},+ xfdL x'G5 ta juL{o Pstfsf] cfjZostf
;dfhjfbL b]zeQm df]rf{åf/f ;+3if{sf] pb\3f]if
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{;lxt $ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;dfhjfbL b]zeQm
df]rf{n] n3'ljQ, ld6/ Jofh, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf, dxËLsf lj?4 r}q !%ut] sf]0f
;ef / r}q @$ ut] hgk|bz{g b]zJofkL?kdf cfof]hgf ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] s]GbLo sfof{no a'4gu/df df]rf{sf] cWoIf d08nsf cWoIf
Pad\ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf r}t @ u/]a;]sf]

yfngL ePsf] atfpFb} eg], …of ;'vb
;'?jft xf] . xfdLn] oxfFaf6 ;'? u/]sf
5f}+ . of] g} k"/f xf]Og . xfdLn] cfh
;'? u/]sf 5f}+ . x/]s If]qdf Pp6f
;+u7g / lj36g cfpF5 . g]kfnsf]
sDo' l gi6 cfGbf] n g lj36gsf]
pTsif{df k'Yof] . cfhaf6 xfdLn]
;+u7gsf] k|lqmof ;'? ub}{5f}F .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] hgtfsf]
g]tT[ j ug]{ c;n sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ lgdf{0f
sfo{qmdaf6 ePsf] h:tf] ePsf] b]lvP
klg o;sf k5fl8 ;femf lhDd]jf/L,
;'emfj, cfjZostf / p2]Zon] k|l] /t
u/]sf] 5 .Æ
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n]
cfk" m x?n] g] k fnsf ;a}
sDo'lg:6x?nfO{{ Pstfj4 ug{ vf]hs ] f]
/ To;sf] j:t'ut cfjZostf /x]sf]
k|;Ë sf]6o\ fpFb} eg]– …ljZj ljsf;sf]
gofF o'u / r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] a]nf
;DaGwn] k}bf u/]sf] pgLx?sf] lgolt
xf] . o:tf] jiff}{ b]lv lsg eof] <
d"Nof+sg u/f}F, dfcf]jfbL / Pdfn]
leqsf gofF k':tfn] ca o;sf]
n]vfhf]vf ug{k' 5{ To;sf nflu xfdL
b'O{ kf6L{ aLrsf] Pstf k|lqmof Pp6f
yfngL x'g5 ] .Ú
o;}u/L, pQm kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
af]Nb} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf k|jQmf
k|sf08 ;Ln] g]kfnsf qmflGtsf/L
;+3if{df pqg afWo ePsf] atfP .
pgn] g] k fnsf qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lg:6nufot tdfd k|ultzLn /
nf]stGqjfbLx?nfO{{ ;d]t ;d]6]/
qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ 7f]sj' f;d]t u/] .
o;}u/L, pQm kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
af]Nb} sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbL
;dfhjfbLsf cWoIf ;'zLnn] g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ lhDdf ca
ljKnjsf] sfFwdf cfPsf] atfPsf
a}7sn] pQm lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . pQm a}7s kl5 df]rf{sf cWoIf d08nsf cWoIf
ljKnj ;Ln] hf/L u/]sf] la1lKt o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5– …@)&( r}t /ut] ;dfhjfbL–
b]zeQm df]rf{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k|yd j}7s df]rf{sf] cWoIfd08nsf cWoIf sd/]8
ljKnj ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf j:of] . j}7sn] lnPsf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? hfgsf/Lsf
nflu of] k|]; jQmJo hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= a}7sdf dxfg\ ;lxbx?k|lt ! ldg]6 df}gwf/0f / j]kQf of]4fx?sf] :d/0f ul/of] .
@_ s_ ;dfhjfbL–b]zeQm df]rf{sf] k|bz ] ;ldlt r}qleq lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{o lnOof] .
v_ df]rf{sf] sfo{no ;lrjdf sd/]8 lr/0f ;LnfO{ lgo'Qm ul/of] .
#_ a}zfvleq ljleGg hg;/f]sf/sf ljifox?df k|b]z :t/df cGt/lqmo sfo{qmd
cfof]hgf ug]{, sf7df08f}+df dlxnf / dw]z k|b]zdf >ldsM blnt ;d'bfosf]
ljifodf cGt/lqmof ug]{ lg0f{o lnOPsf] 5 .
$_ n3'ljQ, ld6/ Jofh, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf, dxËLsf lj?4 r}q !%ut] sf]0f ;ef
/ r}q @$ ut] hgk|bz{g b]zJofkL?kdf cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] 5 .
%_ df]rf{sf lgoldt sfo{ ;+rfngsf nflu s]Gb|Lo sf]if v8f ul/Psf] 5 .
^_ a}zfvleq df]rf{sf] s]Gb|Lo d'vkq k|sflzt ug]{, d'vkq k|sfzgsf nflu
sd/]8 cfx'lt, l;n'nufot /x]sf] ;Dkfbs d08n u7g ul/of] .Ú
qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf cGo zlQm, k5{, ha dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngdf ;+s6
JolQm / kfqx?nfO{{ Pstf u/]/ k5{ ta xfdL dfcf]jfbLnfO{{ Pstf
Psk6s bnfn k' F h Ljfb lj?4 ug{ rfxG5f}+ .Æ
clGtd n8fOF n8\g xfdLnfO{{ PsLs[t -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

‘zflGt k|lqmofsf af“sL sfd oyfzL3| k'/f u/’

sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnjn] zflGt
k|lqmofsf afFsL sfd oyfzL3| k'/f
ug{ cfu|x ub}{ åGåsfnLg d'4f /
zflGt ;Demf}tfn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf]
ljifonfO{{ pN6\ofpg vf]Hg]x¿ b]zdf
l6Sg g;Sg] 7f]s'jf 5g\\ . cfOtaf/
sf7df8f}dF f dfcf]jfbL k[i7e"ldsf gf}
kf6L{n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;+oQ
' m kqsf/
;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
;f] 7f]s'jf u/]sf x'g\ .
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] hgtfsf]
tfutaf6 hlGdPsf] Joj:yf /
kl/jt{gnfO{{ ;Lldt d'¶Le/x¿sf]
xftdf nu] / hgtf / g] t f–
sfo{stf{nfO{{ ck/fwLs/0f ug{ vf]hs
] f]
eGb} ltgLx¿ cfˆgf] k|lt/f]wsf] ;fd'
l6Sg] g;Sg] 7f]s'jf ub}{ g]kfndf
hgtf p7]sf] x]g{ grfxg], ljb|fx] u/]sf]
x]g{ / clwsf/ ;DkGg ePsf] x]g{
grfxg]x¿ ;nanfPsf] atfP .
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] eg] –
æk|wfgdGqLnfO{{ ;d]t lgoGq0f ug{
vf]hs] f] 5 . oxfF cflbjf;L, ;'sD' jf;L,
blntnufot hgtfx¿sf] xfnt s]
xf]nf < of] qmflGtsf] ck"0f{tf xf] . of]
/fHo g]kfnL hgtfsf] eO;s]sf] 5}g,
o;sf] plrt hjfkm lbg h?/L 5 .Æ
o;} u /L, dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
pTkLl8t ;d'bfonfO{{ ck/fwLs/0f ug{
vf]lhPsf] atfpFb} eg]– …hgtfsf]
tfutn] NofPsf] kl/jt{ g nfO{ {
bnfnx¿n] d' ¶ Ldf nUg vf] h ] .
k'FhLklt ju{n] b]znfO{{ sAhf u/]/
kl/jt{gsf afxs >lds hgtfnfO{{
ck/fwLs/0f ug{ vf]lhFb} 5 . To:tf
JolQmx¿ b]zdf l6Sg ;Sg] 5}ggÚ
ljKnjn] eg], …ltgLx¿n] hlt g}
b':;fx; u/] klg of] cfGbf]ng jf
k|ltjfb k|lt/f]wsf ;fd' l6Sg ;Sg]
5}gg\ .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] of] b]zdf
pTkLl8t ;d'bfo, sd}of d'Qm, >lds
/ blntn] ljb| f ] x u/] s f] b] V g
grfxg]x¿ k|jl[ Q xfaL /x]sf] atfP .
pgn] ;a} qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6x¿
Pstfa4 eP cfufsf] Hjfnfn] ;a}
v/fgL x'g] atfPsf 5g\\ . b]zeQm /
qmflGtsf/Lx¿ Ps h'6 ePdf s;}sf]
tfutn] gEofpg] pgsf] egfO{ lyof] .
…clxn] h] b]lvPsf 5g\\ . of] qmflGtsf]
ck"0f{tfn] ePsf] xf] . /fHonfO{{ gofF
cfwf/df k'g{;+ul7t ug{ cfjZos
5Ú ljKnjn] eg], …of] /fHo g]kfnL
hgtfsf] eO;s]sf] 5}g . xfdLn]
agfpg vf]Hb} lyof}F . ;fd|fHojfbLsf
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
‘bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfn] pTkLl8t ;d'bfo / If]qsf] d'lQm lb“bg} ’
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf of]ubfg u/]sf] eGb} of] bnfn ;+;bLo
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o ljifd ;Ln] bnfn
;+;bLo Joj:yfn] s'g} klg pTkL8g
ju{ / s0ff{nLsf k5fl8 kfl/Psf hgtf
d'lQm glbg] atfPsf 5g\ . s0ff{nL d'lQm
df]rf{ g]kfnsf] bf];f| ] e]nfnfO{{ ;f]daf/
;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf ljod ;Ln] ;f] s'/f
atfPsf x'g . g]tf ljifdn] s0ff{nLdf
w]/} ;|ft] ;fwg xFb' fxFb' } klg To;sf] plrt
k|of]u gu/L s0ff{nLnfO{{ ul/jLsf] gfddf
u/]/ vfg] bnfnx¿n] s0ff{nLnfO{{ d'lQm
glbg] eGb} ca s0ff{nL d'lQm df]rf{n]
s0ff{nLsf ;a}vfn] pTkL8gsf lj?4
;+3if{ ug{ lgb]z{ lbP .
pgn] ljleGg vfn] pTkL8gsf
lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ ljleGg hftLo If]qLo
df]rf{ u7g u/]sf] / o;} cg';f/ s0ff{nL
d'lQm df]rf{ ePsf] eGb} o;n] s0ff{nLsf]
dfq} geO{ ;Dk"0f{ pTkLl8t ;d'bfo /
b]zsf] d'lQm lbg]df ljZjf; JoQm u/] .
g]tf ljifdn] s0ff{nLn] !) jif]{ hgo'4
b]lv ljleGg kl/jt{gsf cfGbf]ngdf
Joj:yf kmfNg klg s0ff{nLn] dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf v]Ng'kg]{ atfP . pgn] hgo'4nfO{{
ck/fwLs/0f ug{ vf]lhPsf] eGb} of]
cfk"mx?nfO{{ ;Xo gx'g] / o;sf] lj?4
h:tf];s' } ;+3if{ ug{ klg tof/ x'g] atfP .
g]tf ljifdn] g]kfnL hgtfn] kl/jt{g
rfx]sf] / To;}sf] pkh /lj nfld5fg]
h:tf] JolQm cfPsf] atfP .
pQ/ s0ff{nL Ao'/f] OGrfh{ ;+ud
;Ln] bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfn] s0ff{nLnfO{{
;f}tg] L Joxf/ ug]{ u/]sf] eGb} ca of]
df]rf{n] s0ff{nLsf] If]qLo pTkL8gsf
lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{'kg]{ atfP . pgn]
s0ff{nLsf] /fhwfgL ;d]t 8f]6Ldf agfpg
vf]hs ] f] eGb} o;sf lj?4 s0ff{nL af;Ln]
;+3if{ u/L $ hgfsf] alnbfgn] ;'vt{]
/fhwfgL ag]sf] atfP . g]tf ;+ud ;Ln]
df]rf{n] s0ff{nLsf] d'lQm ;Fu} /fli6«o
d'lQmsf] nflu ;+3if{ ug]{ atfP . pgn]
cfˆgf] kf6L{n] ufpF 3/df eO/x]sf]
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
 2 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/

zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ lgdf{0f t/ s;/L <

ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
✍ ;DkfbsLo g]kfndf sltko o:tf g]tfx? cfjZostfeGbf a9L r;f] /fVg] ef/t g]skf /x]sf 5g\\ . h;sfaLrdf bl/nf] kf6L{ ;}4flGts?kdf dfn]dfjfbnfO{{

sDo'lgi6 Pstf cfhsf] cfjZostf klg 5g\,\ hf] h] eG5g\,\ Tof] ub}g{ g\ .
h] u5{ g \ Tof] eGb} g g\ . o:tf]
cj:yfdf g]sf+;lxtsf !) bnLo
/ cd]l/sf x'g\ . k|sf/fGt/n] g]kfnsf
;Gbe{df g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] u7hf]8
Pstfsf] cefj 5 . qmflGtsf/L
dfcf]jfbLn] b]zeQm hgu0ftflGqs
dfGb5 . t/, p;sf] lgs6tf cGo
sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ x ?;F u sd} 5 .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / g]skf dfcf]jfbL ;dfhjfbLn] ut r}t ! ut]
sf7df8f}Fdf ;+oQ' m kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]/ cfufdL a}zfv ( ut] cyf{t g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :yfkgf lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ kf6L{ Pstf ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf
blIf0fkGyL kf6L{ x ?sf] df] r f{ d f
/xg'ePsf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f
tyf k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnn] g]kfndf a[xt\ sDo'lgi6 Pstf / zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6
5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do bz aif]{ hgo'4sf] pknlAwnfO{ gfd]6 kfg]{ b]zLljb]zL …zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf]
k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmx?sf] if8\oGqnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ / b]zdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb kxn ug] { Ú atfpF b f sDo' l gi6 kf6L{sf] s'/f ubf{ sltko cfwf/e"t s'/fx?df Wofg
:yfkgf ug{ lautb]lv g} ;+3if{ ub}{ cfPsf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] kxndf /fhgLltsf ;dy{ s x? ;d] t sf]
g] k fnsf tdfd qmflGtsf/L sDo' l g:6, k| u ltzLn / ;Rrf lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . Tof] eg]sf] s] eg] b]zLo?kdf
lbdfªdf Ps k|sf/sf] em6\sf lbof] .
nf]stGqjfbLx?nfO{ ;d6\g] h'gsfo{sf] ;'?jft ePsf] 5 . of] cfkm}Fdf ;f]xL ;do kf/]/ bfxfn;Fu kf6L{ ;fdGtjfbsf] k|ltlglw ;+:yf g]kfnL sf+u;]| xf] eg]
:jfutof]Uo / k|z+;lgo sfo{ xf] . Pstfsf] rrf{ rn]sf csf{ Pshgf cGt/f{li6«o?kdf g]kfndf cfjZostfeGbf a9L r;f]
olta]nf ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf sf/0f /fli6«o :jflwgtfdfly ;+s6 u} / sDo' l gi6 g] t f 8f= afa' / fd
cfOk/]sf] 5, hghLljsf lbgk|ltlbg rf}k6 x'bF } uPsf] 5 . b]zsf] /fhgLlts, e§/fO{ s f] …casf] 8] 9 bzsdf /fVg] ef/t / cd]l/sf x'g\ . k|sf/fGt/n] g]kfnsf
cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ltsnufot ;a} If]qdf bnfnx?sf] xflnd'xfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{g} g/xg]Ú elaioaf0fL ;Gbe{df g]kfnL sf+u;]| sf] u7hf]8 ef/t / cd]l/sf;Fu}
5 . ;/sf/sf tLgj6} c+u Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / Gofokflnsf klg ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . pQm
c:tJo:t / a]nufd ePsf 5g\ . htftt} eb|uf]nsf] l:ylt 5 . of] ;a} b'O{y/L egfO{ Ps;fy cfpg' ;+of]u /x]sf] 5 . )^@ d+l;/ ;ftut] lbNnLdf ePsf] !@ a'bF ]
x'gs' f] sf/s eg]sf] ;;bLo Jojyf g} xf] eGg] cfd ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] xf] jf ;'lgof]lht of]hgf To;af/] ;xdltdfkm{t\ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] tTsfnLg g]tT[ jn]
a'‰g] u/L k'li6 ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] o:tf] lau|bf] l:yltnfO{ ;xL dfu{df Nofpg ;don] atfpnf . cWoIf bfxfnn]
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;'? u/]sf] Pstf cleofgnfO{ b]zsf tdfd kmfu' g @& df s] x L lbgleq} lnlvt?kd} hgo'4 kl/Tofu u/]/ ;+;bLo /fhgLlt ckgfpg] k|lta4tf hgfPkl5 pQm
qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn / ;Rrf nf]stGqjfbL /fhgLlts bn, g]tf / cfd ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ / To;}sf] hudf tLgyl/ zlQmsf aLrdf c3f]lift?kdf sfo{ut Pstf x'g k'us ] f] 5 . cfh !& jif{kl5
:jfledfgL hgtfn] ;fy / ;xof]u ub}{ ;kmn kfg]{ kf5{ . cGoyf b]z b]zL– zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ agfpg
kxn ug]{ atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . klg Tof] sfo{ut Pstf sfod} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . Tof] sfo{ut Pstfn] of] !& jif{sf]
lab]zL bnfnx?sf] v]n d}bfg aGg] lglZrt 5 . t;y{, b]z hgtfsf] nflu
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] kxndf ;'? ePsf] Pstf cleofgnfO{ k"0f{tf lbFb} pxfFn] ;f] cleAolQm lbg'kgf{sf] vf; cjwLdf Psflt/ g]kfnnfO{{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs / /fhgLlts?kdf cnu–cnu agfpg] sfd
sf/0f cfk"m lj?4 ;af{R] r cbfntdf
:jfwLg /fi6« / ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL aGgaf6 gr'sf}F . cfhsf] cfjZostf,
bo/ ePsf] l/6 / ;f] l/6sfaf/]df
u/]sf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?nfO{{ j}rfl/s / ;f+u7flgs b'a} ?kdf l5GgleGg
;dosf] dfu / cfdg]kfnLsf] rfxgf klg oxL 5 .
laleGg If]q / kIfaf6 AoQm ljljw agfpg] sfd u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf xfn lqmofzLn ;a} sDo'lgi6 gfdwf/L kf6L{x?sf]
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_åf/f dlxnf lx+;flj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ cfx\jfg
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l gi6 tf/f ;~Hofnn] hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKt
ts{x? lyP . )^# sf] zflGt k|lqmof
/ ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] l;4fGtsf
;fdfGo tj/n] n]vfhf]vf ug]{ xf] eg] klg pk/f]Qm s'/fsf] k'li6 x'G5 .
cfwf/df /fhgLlts lgsf; lbg] ef/t / cd]l/sf;Fu} /x]sf] 5 . )^@ df] r f{ agfPsf] 5 eg] g] s kfn] sltko vf;–vf; ljifodf
kf6L{lgs6 clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ n] o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5– …Tofu alnbfg / elgP klg ;Qf / zlQmdf k'us ] f d+l;/ ;ftut] lbNnLdf ePsf] !@ a'bF ] ;dfhjfbL b]zeQm df]rf{ agfPsf] 5 . k"j{dfcf]jfbLsf 36sx?;Fu sfo{ut
dlxnf lx+;flj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ cfXjfg ;+3if{af6 :yflkt xfd|f] ;+u7g clvn sltkon] ;dod} To;sf] lhDd]jf/L ;xdltdfkm{t\ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbLn] dfcf]jfbL Pstf x'g] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . csf]{
u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;+u7gsf] 5fqf ljefu -qmflGtsf/L_ :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} glnOlb+bf …l/6Ú laikmf]6 ePsf] xf] . tTsfnLg g]tT[ jn] lnlvt?kd} hgo'4 s]Gb|nfO{{ blIf0fkGyL kf6L{ / ;f] kf6L{sf g]skf -dfn]_ 5, p;sf] e"ldsf klg
k|d'v tf/f ;+Hofnn] la1lKtdfkm{t z}lIfs las[lt, la;+ult, sfnf]ahf/L, kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;dfhjfbL kl/Tofu u/] / ;+ ; bLo /fhgLlt g]tfx?nfO{{ k|ltlqmofjfbL eg]sf] 5 . g] k fnsf] sDo' l gi6 /fhgLltdf
dlxnfdfly ul/g] 3[l0ft / cdfgjLo dx+uL, ei6frf/, dlxnf lx+;fnufotsf zlQmx?sf] ;xsfo{ / Pstf h?/L ckgfpg] k|lta4tf hgfPkl5 pQm t/, a]nfavt lgs6 x'g] k|of; u/]sf] k|efjsf/L x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . csf]{
sfo{sf] 3f]/ lj/f]w tyf eT;gf{ ub}{ lj?4df ;+ 3 if{ ub} { cfPsf] s' / f /x] s f] klg elgof] . t/, sf] tLgyl/ zlQmsf aLrdf c3f]lift?kdf klg b]lvPsf] 5 . To;}n] pgLx?n] Pdfn] 5, hf] cfk"mnfO{{ j}rfl/s
ck/fwLx?nfO{ s8feGbf s8f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . ;dfhjfbL / s:tf] ;dfhjfb eGg] sfo{ut Pstf x'g k'u]sf] 5 . cfh g]kfnsf] ;Qf /fhgLltdf efu klg sDo'lgi6 geP/ kk'lni6 sDo'lgi6
sf/jfxLsf] hf]8bf/ dfu u/]ls 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df s]xL lbg cufl8 s'/fsf] xfn;Dd klg s'g} AofVof / !& jif{kl5 klg Tof] sfo{ut Pstf lng ;s]sf 5}gg\ / qmflGtnfO{{ cufl8 dfGb5 . vf;df Pdfn] g]kfnL sf+u; ]|
;+Hofnn] lj1lKt hf/L u/L s]xL lbg ?kGb]xLsf] ;}gfd}gf – !), km'njf/Ldf laZn]if0f ePg . )&& kmfu'g @# sfod} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . Tof] sfo{ut a9fpg klg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . csf]y{ /L / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|h:t} ;+;bjfbL kf6L{
cufl8 ?kGb]xLsf] ;}gfd}gf – !), !$ aifL{o ;Ltf 1jfnLnfO{ emf/km's ut] ;jf] { R r cbfntsf] Ps Pstfn] of] !& jif{sf] cjwLdf Psflt/ g]skf -d;fn_ pkm{ /fli6«o hgdf]rf{ xf] . pQm tLg kf6L{sfaLrdf a]nf
km'njf/Ldf !$ aifL{o ;Ltf 1jfnLnfO{ tyf pkrf/ ug]{ gfddf 3fF6L RofkL km};nfnfO{{ axfgf agfP/ g]kfn g] k fnnfO{ { cfly{ s , ;fdflhs / /x]sf] 5 . hf] OG8f] klZrdf u7aGwgdf a]nfdf Pstf x'G5 eg] a]nf a]nfdf
emf/km's tyf pkrf/ ug]{ gfddf s'6lk6 u/L lgd{dtfk"js { xTof u/]sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g]skf_ af6 Pdfn] /fhgLlts?kdf cnu–cnu agfpg] klg 5 / aStAodfkm{t\ ef/t tyf laefhg klg x'G5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf
3fF6L RofkL s'6lk6 u/L lgd{dtfk"js { ;dfrf/ aflxl/of] / nuQ} km]l/ / dfcf] j fbL cnu x' F b f klg sfd u/]sf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ sDo'lgi6 cd]l/sfsf] lj/f]w klg ul//x]sf] 5 . cfP/ Pdfn]sf sltko g]tfx?n]
xTof u/]sf] 36gf / lrtjgdf s[lif lrtjgdf s[lif tyf jg lj1fg dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf bfxfnnfO{{ kf6L{x?nfO{{ j}rfl/s / ;f+u7flgs b'a} )&@ sf] ;+ljwfgsf] /Iff ug]{ klg eG5, g]kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] cfk"mg}
tyf jg lj1fg ljZjljBfno lj1fg ljZjljBfno lj1fg ;+sfosf l8g k|f= ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf] cfjZostf ?kdf l5GgleGg agfpg] sfd u/]sf] ;+3Lo zf;gsf] lj/f]w klg u5{ . d"nwf/ ePsf] bfaL klg ug]{ u/]sf
;+sfosf l8g k|f= hok|sfz bQn] hok|sfz bQn] dlxnf sd{rf/LnfO{ dx;' ; ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 5 . g]kfnsf xfn lqmofzLn ;a} csf{lt/ k|bz ] x?sf] /fhgLltdf efu 5g\\ . xfn} dfq s}nfnL k'Ug'ePsf
dlxnf sd{ r f/LnfO{ of} g of}g b'j{jxf/÷cZnLn xs{t u/]sf] Pdfn]af6 cnu x'g k|of; ul//x]sf sDo'lgi6 gfdwf/L kf6L{x?sf] ;fdfGo klg lnG5 . ;/sf/ lu/fpg / l6sfpg Pdfn] s f s] G b| L o ;lrj tyf
b' J o{ j xf/÷cZnLn xs{ t u/] s f] lel8of] klg ;fa{hlgs ePsf] 5 . dfwj g]kfn, h;kfaf6 cnu x'g tj/n] n]vfhf]vf ug]{ xf] eg] klg cu|;/ klg x'G5 . wd{lg/k]Iftfsf] ;'b"/klZrd OGrfh{ n]v/fh e§n]
36gfk|lt uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] o:tf lsl;dsf 3[l0ft / cdfgjLo k|of; ul//x]sf 8f= e§/fO{ / :jo+ pk/f]Qm s'/fsf] k'li6 x'G5 . ;dy{g klg u5{ / wd{ ;fk]IftfjfbL ;a} jfdkGyL 36sx?nfO{{ Pdfn]leq
hgfpFb} o:tf lsl;dsf 3[l0ft / sfo{sf] 3f]/ la/f]w tyf eT;{gf ub}{ h;kfsf cWoIf pk] G b| xfn ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] cyf{t lxGb" wdf{anDaLx?nfO{{ dt klg uf]na4 x'g clkn ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
cdfgjLo sfo{sf] 3f]/ la/f]w tyf ck/fwLx?nfO{ s8feGbf s8f ofbjnufotsf aLrdf ;dfhjfbL dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| vf;df …dfcf]jfbÚ dfGg] xfN5 . /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rgdf d;fnn] d+l;/ $ sf] nf]slk|o dtnfO{{ x]bf{
eT;{gf ub}{ ck/fwLx?nfO{ s8feGbf sf/jfxLsf] hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}F . l8g df]rf{ agfpg] s'/f s]xL lbgsf nflu kf6L{g} xf]Og . h;n] dfcf]jfbsf] v]ns ] f] e"ldsf o;sf] tfhf pbfxf/0f Pdfn] ;a}eGbf cufl8 /x]sf] b]lvPsf]
s8f sf/jfxLsf] hf]8bf/ dfu u/]sL hok|sfz bQnfO{ ljZjlaBfnoaf6 ukmsf] ljifo ag]sf] lyof] . t/, g]tf l;4fGtnfO{{ cf}krfl/s?kd} )&% h]7 xf] . h;sf] ;f+u7flgs cj:yf gfh's lyof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbL
x'g\ . ;fy} pgn] l8g hok|sfz lgisf;g ug{ ;d]t oxL lj1lKtdfkm{t\ g]kfn / 8f= e§/fO{n] cf–cfkm\gf] # ut] Pdfn];Fu kf6L{ Pstf ubf{ aGb} uP klg ;Qfsf] ;dy{g ug{ s]Gb|sf] …zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{Ú
bQnfO{ ljZjljBfnoaf6 lgisf;g va/bf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}F . 9+un] kf6L{sf] ;+of]hg u/]sf] b]lvof] . kl/Tofu u/]sf] lyof] . p;sf] sfo{ut 5f8]sf] 5}g . csf]y{ /L g]dlskf 5 . agfpg] / …;dfhjfbL df]rf{Úagfpg]
ug{ ;d]t va/bf/L u/]sL l5g\ . o:tf lsl;dsf ck/fwLx?nfO{ @)&( j}zfv #) sf] :yfgLo Pstf olta]nf g]kfnsf] ;fdGtjfbL - hf] dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb / dfcf] s'/f cfkm}d F f xf:of:kb /x]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L, dlxnf ljefun] dlxnf ;fdflhs alxisf/ ug{sf] lglDt ;Dk"0f{ lgjf{rg / d+l;/ $ sf] k|ltlglw;ef JolQmjfbdf cfwfl/t_ /fhgLltsf] ljrf/wf/fnfO{ { dfG5 . ;+ ; bLo g]kfndf olta]nfsf] d'Vo ;d:of eg]sf]
lx+;fsf lj?4 Psh'6 eP/ ;+3if{ ug{ cfd;j{;fwf/0fx?df xflb{s cg'/f]w / k| b ] z ;efsf] lgjf{ r gsf] k| l tlglw kf6L{ g] k fnL sf+ u | ] ; / lgjf{rgdf efu lnG5 t/ s]Gb| / ljb]zL x:tIf]k xf] . h'g ;d:ofn]
klg cfXjfg u/]sf] 5 . ;~Hofnåf/f klg ub{ 5 f} F . cGTodf b] z el/ k"j;{ GWofdf klg ;dfhjfbL df]rf{ cGt/f{li6«o?kdf ef/t / cd]l/sf;Fu k|b]z ;/sf/df hfFb}g . :yfgLo g]kfnnfO{{ rf}tkmL{?kdf sdhf]/ agfPsf]
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5, …n}lËs lx+;f 5fqfx¿df x'g] ;a}vfn] lx+;fsf lj?4 agfpg] s'/f bf]xf]l/Psf] lyof] . /x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] OG8f] klZrdf ;/sf/dfeg] ;xefuL x'G5 . ;f] 5 . sDo'lgi6x?nfO{{ l5GgleGg kf/]sf]
jf h'gs'g} ;d:ofdf xfd|f] ;+u7g Psh'6 eP/ ;+3if{ ug{ cfXjfg klg Pdfn]sf] ;fy ;xof]udf b]zsf] zlQmx?sf] df]rf{sf?kdf slxn] kfFr kf6L{sf] cGo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?;Fu 5 / g]kfnsf] /fli6«o cv08tfnfO{{ g}
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ 5fqf ljefunfO{ ub{5f}F . n}lËs lx+;f jf h'g's'g} sfo{sf/L k|dv ' eP/ ;f] kf6L{nfO{{ g} bnLo / slxn] cf7–gf} bnLo df]rf{ s' g } klg lsl;dsf] Pstf / w/fkdf kf/]sf] 5 . To;}n] ljb]zL
tTsfn hfgsf/L u/fpg x'g klg ;d:ofdf xfd|f] ;+u7g clvn - wf] v fw8L u/] k l5 km] l / klg aGg] u/] s f 5g\ \ . hxfF ef/t ;xsfo{;d]t 5}g . cGt/f{li6«o?kdf x:tIf] k sf lj?4 h' e m] / /fli6« o
xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}F .Ú o; ljifodf qmflGtsf/L_ 5fqf laefunfO{ tTsfn ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf] k|:tfj cufl8 lgs6sfx?sf] 5'§} pku7aGwg klg rLg / pQ/ sf]l/of;Fu lgs6 /x]sf] cl:dtfnfO{{ hf]ufpg] e"ldsf h;n]
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{lgs6 clvn - hfgsf/L u/fpg x'g klg xflb{s cfof] . oL ;a} 36gf kl/36gfn] 5 . hf] vf;u/L ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf b]lvPsf] 5 . csf]{y/L nf]sgf/fo0f lgjf{x ug{ ;Qm5, pxLg} g]kfnsf]
qmflGtsf/L_ sf 5fqf ljefu k|d'v cg'/f]w ub{5f}F .Ú zlQmzfnL sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ / gfdn] a]nfavt k|s6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ;'j]bL g]t[Tjsf] g]skf /x]sf] 5 . ;f] zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ x'G5 .
o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn ;'v]{tsf] ;dfhjfbL df]rf{sf k|z+u lsg
cfpFbf /x]5g\\ eGg] s'/fsf] ;+s]t
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|leq klg qmflGtsf/L g]tf
tyf sfo{stf{x? g/x]sf xf]Ogg\ . t/, hgo'4sf ;lxbx¿sf] gfd /fhkqdf k|sflzt
u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg 36gfqmdx?n] pgLx? 3f]/ cNkdtdf k/]sf 5g\\ .
;Dd]ng j}zfv klxnf] ;ftf g]kfndf sDo'lgi6x?nfO{{ l5GgleGg
agfpg] / ;dfhjfbsf cfwf/x?
csf]{ zAbdf eGg] xf] eg] pgLx?
bnbndf km;]sf 5g\\ . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|
sf7df8f}F . hgo'4sf qmddf ;xfbt
k|fKt ug]{ ;lxbx¿sf] gfdfjnL g]kfn
/fhkqdf k| s flzt ePsf] 5 .
lhNnfaf6 k|fKt ;f]xL clen]vsf
cfwf/df * xhf/ #&! hgfsf] gfdfjnL
/fhkqdf k|sflzt ePsf] 5 .
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6 ;L k|dv' cfltYotf / g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{lgs6 o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn ;'vt{] n] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o w'j| ;L, lhNnf eTsfpg] sfd tLa|tfsf ;fy e}/x]sf] ;fFRr} sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ aGg] xf], zlQmzfnL dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]cg';f/ ;"rLcg';f/ ;a}eGbf a9L /f]Nkfsf
j}zfv dlxgfsf] klxnf] ;ftf lhNnf ;lrj hLt ;L, o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn ;+s]t u/]sf 5g\\ . )&^ df3 Ps sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ agfpg] xf] / j}1flgs g]kfndf ePsf] !) jif]{ hgo'4 / &%# hgf ;lxb /x]sf 5g\ eg]
;Dd]ng ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . ;f] ;+u7gsf] dWos0ff{nL Ao"/f] OGrfh{ = ldg]; ;Lsf] ut]sf] sfo{qmddf cWoIf bfxfnn] ;dfhjfbsf] af6f]df cufl8 hfg] xf] @)^@÷^# ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf To;kl5 qmdzM bf];|f]df ?s'dsf
d+unaf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] pQm lg0f{o pkl:ytL / xl/ ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] h] s'/f af]Ng' eof] / To;nfO{{ cfwf/ eg] OG8f]klZrdf zlQmsf] 3]/faf6 aflx/ zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf ;lxbsf] ljj/0f %*$ hgf, t];f| d ] f sflnsf]6sf $##
agfP/ ;jf]R{ r cbfntsf l/6 bfo/ cfpg' k b{ 5 . sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ s f /fhkqdf k|sflzt ePsf] xf] . ut hgf /x]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf sd ;lxb
eof], Tof] cnUu} k|z+u xf] . h;sf] ljZjAofkL d"No, dfGotf / cfbz{sf] kmfu'g !% ut] k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn /x]sf] lhNnfdf eQmk'/sf ^ hgf,
a[ x t\ sDo' l gi6 Pstf / kfngf ub}{ cGo qmflGtsf/L zlQmsf] bfxfn k|r08sf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] sf7df8f}sF f & / nlntk'/sf !$ hgf
;dfhjfb;Fu 6f9fsf] klg ;fOgf] lgs6 aGg'kb{5 . csf]y{ l/ sDo'lgi6x? dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sn] hgo'4b]lv lj:t[t /x]sf 5g\ . o;;Fu} hgo'4sfndf
5}g . g]kfndf a[xt\ sDo'lgi6 Pstf ;Qf / zlQmdf gk'us ] f k"jd{ fcf]jfbLx? zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw;Dd ePsf /fHo / ljb|fx] L kIfaf6 Hofg u'dfPsf
/ zlQmzfnL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] s'/f /x]sf 5g\\ . hf] hgu0ftGqsf] kIfdf ;lxbx¿sf] gfdfjnL /fhkqdf gful/sx¿n] /fli6«o ;lxbsf] dfGotf
ubf{ sltko cfwf/e"t s'/fx?df 5g\\ . t/, )^@ sf] !@ a'bF ] ;xdlt / k|sflzt u/L /fli6«o ;lxbsf] dfGotf kfPsf 5g\ . /fli6« o ;lxbsf
Wofg lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . Tof] eg]sf] s] )^# sf] a[xt\ zflGt ;Demf}tfsfaf/]df lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] kl/jf/x¿n] o;cl3 ;lxb 3f]if0ff
eg] b] z Lo?kdf ;fdGtjfbsf] :ki6 x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . pgLx? leq lg0f{okl5 u[x dGqfnon] && j6} lhNnf eO{ /fHoaf6 kl/k"/0f / ;Ddfg:j¿k
u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 a}7sn] j}zfv dlxgfsf] klxnf];ftf k|ltlglw ;+:yf g]kfnL sf+u; ]| xf] eg] klg df]xg a}B g]tT[ jsf] qmflGtsf/L k|zf;g sfof{nodf kq k7fO{ ;lxbx¿sf] k|fKt u/]sf] ;'ljwfcg'¿k g} Ifltk"lt{,
kf6L{sf dWo s0ff{nL Ao"/f] O~rfh{ ljj]s lhNnf ;Dd]ng ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . cGt/f{ l i6« o ?kdf g] k fndf dfcf]jfbL / g]qlaqmd rGb g]tT[ jsf] clen]v dfu u/]sf] lyof] . && kl/k"/0f / ;Ddfg kfpg]5g\ .
 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4 M pTsif{, cjt/0f / k'gu{7g
s] xf] dfS;{ j fb <
;Eotfsf] ;' ¿ b] l v ;dfhdf
zf]ifs, pTkL8s / pTkLl8tx¿ b]vf
k/] . hGd, k'gh{Gd, efUo, cflb
asjf;x¿ ;'¿ eP . wd{, ;bfrf/,
k/f]ksf/L pkb]z lbg] Pp6f kfv08
k'/t] ju{,{ Ps zf;s ju{{ / Ps
;j{;fwf/0f ju{s { f] hGd eof] . Gofo,
ljj] s , g} l tstf h:tf cd" t {
jsjf;åf/f ;dfhdf juL{ o
;+ / rgfx¿ lgdf{ 0 f eP . juL{ o
;dfhdf ;w}F ju{{ ;+3if{x¿ rln/x] .
bf; / 3/flgof dflns, ;j{;fwf/0f
k|hf, e"bf; / ;fdGt, ;+If]kdf
pTkLl8t / pTkL8s Ps csf{sf]
lj/f]wL lyP . oL pTkL8s / pTkLl8t
aLr ;+3if{ x'Fb} cfPsf lyP . o:tf]
n8fO{n + ] x/]s kN6 ls t k'/} ;dfhsf]
qmflGtsf/L k'gu{7g x'GYof] ls t ;+3if{
ul//x]sf ju{{x¿sf] k"0f{ ljgfzåf/f
g} ;dfKt x'GYof] . To;}n] clxn];Dd
cl:tTjdf /x]sf ;a} ;dfhsf] Oltxf;
ju{; { 3
+ if{sf] Oltxf; xf] eg]/ dfS;{n]
eg]sf lyP . pTkLl8tx¿n] ;+3if{
u/]/ ;dfhsf] kl/jt{g u/] tfklg
;Qf k'g?TkL8s ju{{ leq g} Pssf]
xftaf6 csf{sf] xftdf hfGYof] .
;dfhsf] kl/jt{g bz{g, j}1flgs
;dfhjfb / cy{/fhgLltdf vf]Hg]
sfd dfS;{n] u/] .
bz{gsf] If]qdf x]un ] n] ljZjsf ;a}
36gfx¿nfO{{ åGåjfbL tl/sfn] x]y]{ .
s'g} klg 36gfnfO{{ o;sf] pTklQ,
ljsf; / cGtsf] k|lqmofdf cWoog
ug{,] k|sl[ t / ;dfh b'ad } f /x]sf]
cGt/åGånfO{{ kQf nufpg sf]l;; u/]
tfklg o;nfO{{ rnfpg] s'g} cb[Zo
zlQm 5 eg] s fn] pgsf] bz{ g
cfWofTdjfbL g} /x]sf] lyof] . csf{
bfz{lgs kmfo/afvn] k|sl[ t :joDe"
xf] t eg] t/ ;dfhnfO{{ rnfpg] s'g}
zlQm 5 eGg k' u ] . k' F h LjfbL
cy{zf:qLx¿n] k'FhLjfb cgGt 5
eg]sf lyP . dfS;{n] bz{gnfO{{ wd{af6
cnu u/]/ ef}ltsjfbL bz{gsf] ;[hgf
u/] . ef} l tsjfbnfO{ { Oltxf; /
åGåjfb;Fu hf]8]/ bz{gsf] If]qdf
P]ltxfl;s åGåfTds ef}ltsjfb Ps
gofF bz{g tof/ u/] . clxn];Dd
sNkgfdf /x]sf ;dfhjfbnfO{{ j}1flgs
;dfhjfbdf abNg] sfd u/] .
k'h
F LjfbL cy{zf:qLx¿n] k'h F LjfbnfO{{
cljgfzL cgGtsfnLg 5 eGg] JofVof
u/]sf lyP . dfS;{n] eg], æk'h F Ljfb
cljgfzL 5}g, k'h F Ljfb cfkm}n F ] cfkm\gf]
cGtsf nflu ;j{xf/fx¿ hGdfO/x]sf]
5 . log} ;j{xf/f g} k'h F Ljfbsf] cGtsf]
sf/0f aGg] 5 g\ \ . ;aeGbf kl5
kfl/Psf ;r]t ;j{xf/f ju{{ dhb'/
ju{n { ] ju{{ ;+3if{åf/f /fHo;Qf cfkm\gf]
xftdf lnP/ cfkm\gf] ;fy} ;du| dfgj
hfltnfO{{ ;a} k|sf/sf pTkL8gaf6
d'Qm kfg{5 ] g\\ .Æ
dfS;{n] ;+3if{ / qmflGtdf l;4fGt
/ k|ultzLn bz{gsf] e"ldsf x'G5 eGg]
kQf nufP . cfnf]rgfsf] xltof/n]
xltof/sf] cfnf]rgfnfO{{ abNg ;Sb}g,
ef}lts zlQmnfO{{ ef}lts zlQmn] dfq
x6fpg ;Sb5 eg]/ ;z:q qmflGtdf
hf]8 lbP . csf{tkm{ l;4fGt klg
ef}lts zlQmdf ablng ;S5 ha o;n]
hg;d"xnfO{{ a;df kfg{ ;Sb5 egL
l;4fGtnfO{{ klg xltof/df u0fgf u/] .
l;4fGtn] To;} cj:yfdf dfq
hg;d'bfonfO{{ a;df kfg{;S5 ha
o;n] pgLx¿sf] clt cfjZos
cfwf/e"t lxtsf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;Sb5 .
o;/L dfS;{n] ;a} k|sf/sf pTkL8gaf6
d'Qm x'g ;j{xf/f ju{{ ef}ltsjfbL
x'gk' 5{, ju{{ ;+3if{df cl3 a9\g' k5{,
;z:q o'4 n8\g tof/ x'g'k5{ /
/fHo;Qfsf] p2]Zoaf6 cl3 a9\g' k5{
eGg] s'/fx¿ kQf nufP . oxL g}
dfS;{ j fb xf] . o;} l;4fGtnfO{ {
ljZje/sf ;j{xf/fx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf]
b]zsf] kl/l:ylt cg';f/ nfu" ug{] xf] .
s] xf] n] l ggjfb <
dfS;{jfbnfO{{ ;kmn k|of]u ug{]
qmddf kf6L{ ;Ë7gdf hgjfbL
s]Gb|Lotf, s'g} Ps b]zdf klg qmflGt
;DkGg x'g ;S5 eGg] dfGotf,
cj;/jfb / ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4
s7f]/ ;+3if{, gofF lsl;dsf] ;j{xf/f
kf6L{ u7gsf nflu k|of;, gofF o'usf]
cj:yfdf sfn{ dfS;{ / Pª\uN] ;sf]
lzIffsf] ;[hgfTds k|of]u / ljsf;,
oL ;a s'/fx¿n] dfS;{jfbsf] ljsf;df
¿; / cGt/f{l:6«o dhb'/ cfGbf]ngdf
n]lggjfbL cWofosf] ;'¿jft oxL g}
n]lggjfb xf] .
s] xf] dfcf] j fb <
h'g b]z ;fd|fHojfbLsf] pTkL8gdf
k/]sf] x'bF g} , hxfF ls;fg dhb'/x¿n]
;+u7g ug{ / x8tfn ug{ kfPsf
x'G5g\\, hxfF ;+;b x'G5, ;+;bdf
hgtfsf dfux¿ /fVg ;lsG5, To:tf
b]zx¿df bL3{sfnLg sfg'gL n8fOF
n8\ g ;lsG5 . o:tf b] z x¿df
cNksfnLg ljb|fx] dfkm{t\ klxnf ;x/
/ To;kl5 ufpF sAhf ug{] sfo{gLlt
ckgfpg ;lsG5, h;/L ¿;df n]lggn]
qmflGt ;DkGg u/]sf lyP . cw{;fdGt
/ cw{cf}klgj]lzs b]zx¿df of]
sfo{gLltn] qmflGt ;DkGg x'Fb}g .
clwsfª\z dflg;x¿ ufpFdf a:g],
snsf/vfgsf] ljsf; gePsf] ,
dhb'/sf] ;+Vof Go"g ePsf b]zx¿df
n8fOFsf] :j¿k bL3{sfnLg x'G5,
;+u7gsf] :j¿k hg;]gf ;d]tsf] x'G5,
o'4 xltof/j4 x'G5, zq'sf] ;fgf]
PsfOnfO{{ lhTb}, zlQm a9fpFb} qmdzM
ufpFdf :yfgLo ;Qf :yfkgf ub{} ufpFn]
;x/ 3] g { ] bL3{ s fnLg hgo' 4 sf]
dfWodåf/f s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf ug{' kb{5
eGg] l;4fGt dfcf]n] NofP, oxL g}
dfcf]jfb xf] . qmflGtkl5 k|ltqmflGt
/f]Sg lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] gLlt klg
dfcf]n] k|ltkfbg u/] . oxL dfS;{jfb
n]lggjfb dfcf]jfb g} cfhsf] dfS;{jfb
xf] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] of] l;4fGt u|x0f
ubf{ qmflGt cl3 a9\g] / ;+zf]wgjfbL
l;4fGt u|x0f ubf{ qmflGtn] wSsf vfg],
km]l/ u7g, k'gu{7gåf/f qmflGt cl3
a9\g] oxL uf]nrSs/df g]kfnsf]
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng ljut &@ jif{bl] v
rln/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
u7g ubf{ s= k'iknfnn] k|sflzt
u/]sf] krf{df afn;'ne sdLsdhf]/L
b] l vP tfklg of] krf{ s f] nfOg
qmflGtsf/L dflgG5 .
klxnf] qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtM klxn]
;fdGtL Joj:yfnfO{{ rsgfr'/ kf/,
ljb] z L ;fd| f Hojfb / ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] k|efj / 3]/faf6 cnu
xf]pm, ls;fg dhb"/sf] zf;g v8f
u/, o; zf;gdf wgL ;fd|fHojfbsf
bnfnafx]s ;a} zf]lift hgtfnfO{{
lx:;f b]pm, ;f]leot ¿; blIf0fk"jL{
o'/f]ksf gjk|hftGq / cfhfb rLg;Fu
/fhg} l ts ;DaGw v8f u/,
;dfhjfbsf] nIo /fvL zf;g rnfpm .
gjk|hftGq lhGbfjfb . o;s} cfwf/df
ls;fg cfGbf]ngx¿ eP . cfGbf]ngs}
qmddf kf6L{ b]zJofkL klg eof] . ha
t'n;Lnfn >]i7, 8L=aL= clwsf/L,
dgdf]xg clwsf/L, afns[i0f zdf{x¿
sfFu; ]| 5f8L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df cfP
ls;fg cfGbf]ng klg /f]lsP, kf6L{dfly
k| l taGw nfUof] . k| y d /fli6« o
;Dd]ngåf/f kf6L{nfO{{ ;+zf]wgjfbL
ljwfgjfbL kf6L{df kl/0ft ul/of] .
@)!) ;fndf eLdbQ kGtn] rnfPsf]
ls;fg cfGbf]ngnfO{{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf]
abgfd ug{ u/]sf] x/st eg]/
tTsfnLg dxfdGqL dgdf]xg clwsf/Ln]
kf6L{sf] gfdaf6 lj1lKt g} lgsfn]c: .
/fhfnfO{{ laGtLkq n]v/] kf6L{dflysf]
k|ltaGw k'ms'jf u/]kl5 kf6L{ k'/}
j}wflgs kf6L{ aGof] . o;/L klxnf]
qmflGtsf/L nfOgsf] ;d"n gi6 eof] .
b]zdf k~rfotL Joj:yf ;'¿
ePkl5 kf6L{sf] nfOg lgdf{0f ug{
@)!& ;fndf ef/tsf] b/eª\ufdf
ePsf] &@ lbg nfdf] lj:tfl/t a}7sn]
klg s'g} qmflGtsf/L nfOg kf; ug{
;s]g . Toqf] dxflwj]zgdf /fli6«o
k| h ftGqsf] nfOg kf; ePkl5
qmflGtsf/L nfOgsf] lj;h{g eof] .
qmflGtsf/L nfOg u7gsf]
k|of; M qmflGtsf/L kf6L{sf] k'gu{7g
cfjZos lyof] . @)@% ;fndf
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf] ljrf/wf/f,
gofF hgjfbnfO{{ cfwf/ agfP/ /fli6«o
;Dd]ngåf/f s= k'iknfnn] kf6L{
k' g u{ 7 g u/] . lj3l6t ;+ ; bsf]
k' g :yf{ k gf tTsfnLg sfo{ g Llt
agfPsfn] o;n] klg ult lng ;s]g .
of] bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] nfOgn] klg
7Ls af6f] kqmg ;s]g .
bf] ; | f ] qmflGtsf/L nfOgsf]
k| o f; M @)@* ;fndf emfkf
sf]cl8{gz ] g sld6L / s]Gb|Lo Go"lSno;
gfdsf leGg–leGg nfOg /
ljrf/wf/fsf b'O{ j6f sDo'lg:6
;d"xx¿ b]vf k/] . clxn];Dd oL b'O{
;d"xaf6 6'6k'm6 eP/ ag]sf ljleGg
¿k/ª\usf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g} g]kfnsf]
/fhgLlts d~rdf lqmofzLn 5g\\ .
s] G b| L o Go" l Sno;sf] rf} y f]
dxflwj]zgsf] nfOg M sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ lj36gsf] cj:yfdf k'u]sf]
;dodf s]Gb|Lo Go"lSno;sf] u7g ug'{
;sf/fTds eP tfklg s] G b| L o
Go"lSno; rf}yf] dxflwj]zgn] kf6L{sf]
gLlt sfo{qmd qmflGtsf/L agfpg
;s]g . s]Gb|Lo Go"lSno;sf] rf}yf]
dxflwj]zg @)#! ebf} #) b]lv c;f]h
& ut] ; Dd ePsf] lyof] . o;
dxflwj]zgdf kf6L{ / kf6L{sf tTsfnLg
;d:ofx¿ gfds b:tfj] h
df]xgljqmdaf6 k]; ePsf] lyof] .
kf6L{sf] dfu{lgb{z ] s l;4fGt dfS;{jfb–
n]lggjfb–dfcf] ljrf/wf/f atfOPsf]
lyof] . /fhg}lts gf/f b]zeQm /
hgu0ftflGqs zlQmx¿sf] ;/sf/sf]
lyof] . s= k'iknfnn] lj3l6t ;+;bsf]
k'g:yf{kgfnfO{{ tTsfnLg gf/f agfPsf
lyP . sfFu|];L zf;g / ;+;bLo
k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf eP/ hgtfsf
tTsfnLg ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg x'g
;Sb}g . /fhfsf] lg/ª\sz ' zf;g /
p;sf] k~rfotL k|0ffnLsf] cGt eP/
b] z eQm hgtflGqs zlQmx¿sf]
;/sf/ :yfkgf x'gk' b{5 . of] ;/sf/n]
hgtfsf tTsfnLg Go"gtd sfo{qmd
k"/f ug{5 ] , hgtfnfO{{ k"0f{ /fhgLlts
:jtGqtf k|bfg ug{5 ] , ;+ljwfg;efsf]
r'gfj ug{5 ] / To;cg';f/ ag]sf]
;/sf/nfO{{ cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg]5 .
of] xfd|f] sfo{gLlt xf] . cfhsf] xfd|f]
/0fgLlt sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj,
hgtfsf] clwgfosTj, ls;fg
dhb' / x¿sf] Pstfsf] cfwf/df
hgjfbL u0ftGq :yfkgf xf] . of]
sfo{qmd s] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] x'g
;S5 < 6]s, af3] cf]8f/ h:tf
sfNklgs s'/fx¿ u/]/ e|d kfg{',
dxf;lrjn] 6]ssf] sfd ug{] x'Fbf
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;fyLx¿n] ;d]t
dxf;lrjsf] 8]/f yfxf kfpg cfjZos
5} g eGb} of} l gs /fznLnf ug{ ]
dxf;lrjnfO{{ sf/jfxL u/]kl5 lgd{n
nfdf, eQmaxfb'/ >]i7, lrqaxfb'/
s]=;L=x¿ dxfdGqL eP t/ pgLx¿n]
kf6L{ nfOgdf s'g} km]/abn u/]gg\ .
lgd{n nfdfsf] 5'§} ljsf;jfbL nfOg
lyof] . ;a} k|ltlqmofjfbL r'gfjnfO{{
pkof]u ug{'k5{, hgcfGbf]ngåf/f
hgtfnfO{{ k|lzlIft ug{k' 5{, k~rfotsf
lj?4 hgtf ljb|f]x ug{ ;8sdf
cfPkl5 sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] To;sf] g]tT[ j
u/]/ qmflGt ;kmn u/fpg' k5{ . pgL
oxL nfOgdf hLjge/ cl8u /x] .
emfkf sf]cl8{g]zg sld6Lb]lv
clvn g]kfn sf]cl8{g]zg sldl6
-dfn] _ n] lgdf{ 0 f u/] s f]
qmflGtsf/L nfOgM emfkf sf]l8{gz ] g
sldl6n] ;+u7g lgdf{0f, k|of]u /
ljsf;nfO{{ ;Fu;Fu} cl3 a9fpg] gLlt
agfPsf] lyof] . pgLx¿df w] / }
ciki6tfx¿ lyP t/ lgotdf s'g}
vf]6 lyPg . logLx¿df cfTdpT;u{sf]
pRr efjgf, alnbfgsf] l:kl/6 lyof] .
rf/ kfFr ;z:q hgsfaf{xL klg u/],
s]xL ;fdGtx¿sf] xTof klg u/] .
;/sf/ klg pu| ¿kdf hfOnfUof] .
/fdgfy bfxfn, g]q lwld/], s[i0f
s'OsF n
] , la/]g /fhj+;L, gf/fo0f >]i7,
cflb xf]gxf/ o'jfx¿nfO{{ @)@(
kmfNu'0f @! ut] ;'vfgLsf] hËndf
bL3{k|;fb kf08]
/flt uf]ln xfgL tTsfnLg ;/sf/n]
xTof u¥of] . kl5 rGb| 8fFuLsf] klg
xTof eof] . @)) hgf hlt lu/km\tf/
eP, sl/a %)) hgfnfO{{ kqmfp k"hL{
hf/L eof] . d;fnn] ;/sf/nfO{{ kmfObf
x'g] u/L o; 36gfsf] ;w}F lj/f]w
ul//Xof] . d;fnn] ;a} v fn]
;fd|fHojfb, ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb, 3/]n'
;fdGtjfb / g]kfnL sfFu; ]| nfO{{ klg
;dfg b'Zdg 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . oL
;a} zlQmx¿nfO{{ lhTg] cfTdut
cj:yf geP;Dd qmflGt ug{,' c:q
p7fpg' pu|jfdkGyL e8\sfa x'GYof]
To;}n] ubf{ ;j{xf/fjfbL >lds ;Ë7gn]
u/]sf] h'u8] L sf08, vgLofaf; sf08,
k" t L{ 3 f6 a} + s sf08 nufot
emfkfnLx¿n] u/]sf ;a} hgsfaf{xLsf]
s8f lj/f]w u/]sf] lyof] . csd{0otf
ls+ s t{ J olad" 9 tf, pbf;Lgtf,
qmflGtk|lt cljZjf;, cflb lgGg
a'hj'{ fx¿df b]vf kg{] /f]u x'g\ . rf}dsf]
d;fn of] /f]uaf6 kLl8t ePsf]
kfOG5 .
b[9 :jefj ePsf JolQm jf ;d"xn]
Ps k6s qmflGtsf] af6f]df kfOnf
6]ls;s]kl5 k/fhoaf6 ;d]t gofF
zlQm cfh{g u5{g\ eGg] dfS;{sf]
egfO{nfO{{ emfkfsf qmflGtsf/L o'jfx¿n]
rl/tfy{ ul/5f8] . lu/km\tf/Laf6
ar]sf s]xL o'jf / h]na|s ] u/]/ aflx/
cfPsf o'jfx¿sf] k|of;n] @)#%
;fn;Dd cfOk'Ubf b]zsf cGo If]qdf
/x]sf sDo'lg:6 qmflGtsf/Lx¿;Fu
;Dks{ u/L kf6L{nfO{{ ^ c~rn / w]/}
lhNnfdf lj:tf/ u/] . @)#% ;fn
k'; !!–!& df ePsf] k|yd ;Dd]ngn]
ljlwjt clvn g]kfn sf]l8{g]zg
sld6L -dfn]_ u7g u/] .
g] k fns} Oltxf;df ;aeGbf
qmflGtsf/L nfOg kf; ug{ of] ;Dd]ng
;kmn eof] . kf6L{sf] dfu{ lgb{z ] s
l;4fGt dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]
ljrf/wf/f agfof] . o'4sf] :j¿k
bL3{sfnLg hgo'4 x'g], zflGtk"0f{
;+;bLo af6f] xf]Og, Onfsfsf cfwf/df
;Qf sAhf ug{] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] af6f]
lnP/ dfq g]kfnL qmflGt ;DkGg ug{
;lsG5 eGof] . of] af6f] d f
ls;fgx¿nfO{{ hfu[t, ;+ul7t ub{}
u'l/Nnf o'4 rnfpg], hg;]gf lgdf{0f
ug{,] ufpFdf cfwf/ Onfsf agfpg],
ufpFn] ;x/nfO{{ 3]g,]{ ltgnfO{{ sAhf
ub{} /fi6«JofkL ljho k|fKt ug{]
bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] af6f] g} g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] af6f] ls6fg u¥of] . g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] klxrfg ub{} gf}n ] f] hgjfb,
;dfhjfb / ;fDojfb u/L qmflGtsf]
r/0f klg ljefhg u¥of] . To;}n] ubf{
;fd|fHojfb, lj:tf/jfb, ;fdfGtjfb
/ gf]s/zfxL bnfn–k'h F Ljfb;Fu g]kfnL
hgtfsf] cGt/lj/f]w ls6fg u¥of] .
emfkf ljb|fx] n] ljsf; u/]/ o:tf] nfOg
kf; ubf{;Dd klg df]xgljqmd l;+xn]
emfkfnL pu|jfbLsf] v08gsf gfddf
k':tsx¿ lgsfNg 5f8]gg\ o:tf k':ts
rf/ v08df lglSn/x] . clvn g]kfn
sf]l8{g]zg sldl6 -dfn]_sf] rf}yf]
dxflwj] z gn] k" / f lbzf abn] /
;+zf]wgjfbL nfOg–hgtfsf] ax'bnLo
hgjfb kf; u¥of] . kl5 cGo
blIf0fkGyL ;d"xx¿;Fu Pstf u/L
g]skf -Pdfn]_ aGg k'Uof] / sfFu; ]| s}
gLltsfo{qmdsf] sfFu; ]| sf] ljsNksf]
kf6L{df cem} :yflkt 5 .
nfOg 7Ls eP ;a} 7Ls x'g] xf],
nfOg g} ;f/;ª\u|xjfbL ePsfn]
d;fndf ;+Vofdf ljsf; eP klg
sfddf ljsf; ePg a¿ JolQm–JolQm
aLr emu8f ;'¿ eof] . dxf;lrj
df] x gljqmd of} g sf08sf sf/0f
sf/jfxLdf k/], lgd{n nfdf dxf;lrj
ePkl5 cfkm\g} nfOg k|of]u ug{ vf]Hbf
lgisfzgdf k/] . To;kl5 eQmaxfb'/
dxf;lrj eP, pgL lu/km\tf/ eP .
nfdfn] kf6L{ kmf]8L csf]{ kf6L{ agfP .
rf}yf] dxflwj]zgsf] d;fn kf6L{
cNkdtdf k/]/ lj36g x'g k'Uof] .
lrqaxfb'/sf] g]t[Tjdf d;fnsf]
k'gu{7g eof] . kf6L{leq olt w]/} 36gf
x'bF } kf6L{ 6'6k'm6–u7g–k'gu{7g x'bF f klg
nfOgsf af/]df s]Gb|df s'g} ax;
ePgg\ . nfOgsf af/]df s'/f p7fpg]
bfË lhNnf ;ldlt / s]Gb|df s'/f
p7fpg] Clif b]jsf]6f c ‘ fhfb’nfO{{
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] sfjf{xL u/L kf6L{af6
lgisfzg u¥of] . rf}yf] dxflwj]zgsf
dflg;x¿ dWo] df]xgljqmd, lrqaxfb'/
/ df]xg j}Bdfq cem} ;s[o /fhgLltdf
5g\\ / cem} ;aeGbf qmflGtsf/L
nfOgdf cfk"mx¿ /x]sf] atfpFb} 5g\\ .
lrqaxfb'/sf] g]tT[ jsf] d;fnsf]
kfFrf}F dxflwj]zg nfOgsf] ¿kdf xf]Og
JolQm–JolQm aLrsf] 6s/fjsf] /0fe"ld
aGof] . dxflwj]zgsf] b:tfj]h g}
dxf;lrjn] k]; ubf{ cfkm\gf] kIfsf]
lj/f]w ug{n] fO{{ dWokGyL cf/f]k nufPsf
lyP eg] csf{ kIfn] of}g h:tf s'/f
p7fP/ b:tfj]h k]; ug{] kIfnfO{{
JolQmjfbL cf/f]k nufpFb} v08g u/]sf
lyP . dxflwj]zgdf JolQmut emu8f
a9L / gLltut ax; sd ePsfn]
kf6L{af6 df]xgljqmdnfO{{ sf/jfxL ub{}
ax'dtsf] cfwf/df df]xg j}BnfO{{
dxf;lrj rog u/L kfF r f}
dxflwj]zgsf] ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] .
kf6L{sf] nfOg ;Qf hgtfdf x:tfGt/0f
u/ eGg] cd" t { /fhg} l ts gf/f
lrqaxfb'/n] k]; u/]sf lyP, ;f]xL kf;
eof] . o:tf] kf6L{n] ljsf; ug{] cfzf
ug{ ;ls+bg} Yof] . rfF8} g} cNkdt kIf
lrqaxfb'/ kIfn] kf6L{ kmf]8L 5'§} kf6L{
u7g u/] . ax'dt kIf df]xg j}Bsf]
kf6L{nfO{{ df]6f] dzfn / df]xgljqmdsf]
cNkdtsf] kf6L{nfO{{ kftnf] d;fn
elgof] / Pp6} gfdsf, Pp6}
gLltsfo{ q mdsf b' O { kf6L{ eP .
df]xgljqmd l;+xsf] d;fn kfFrf}
dxflwj]zgs} nfOgdf cem;Dd cl3
al9/x]sf] 5 eg] j}Bsf] g]t[Tjsf]
dzfnn] dzfn, Pstf s]Gb|, dfcf]jfbL
x'bF } b; jif{] hgo'4 ug{] l:yltdf k'Uof] .
ax'dt kIfn] @)$# ;fndf x'g
uO/x]sf] /fli6«o k~rfotsf] r'gfj
alx:sf/ ug{] gLlt agfPsf] lyof] .
ax'dtkIf l;4fGtdf sdhf]/ eP klg
ToxfF hf]; hfFu/ ePsf o'jfx¿ lyP .
k~rfotsf] r'gfj ;w}F alx:sf/ elgb}
cfPsf] lyof] . kf6L{sf] alx:sf/sf] s'g}
k|efj slxNo} b]lvFbg} lyof] . o'jf hf];,
hfFu/ k|of]u u/L s]xL o'jfx¿n]
sf7df8f}dF f /x]sf kfFr–5 k|x/L la6x?
3
cfqmd0f u/L Wj:t kfl/lbP . of] ;]S6/
sf08sf gfddf Oltxf;df btf{ 5 .
clxn];Dd qmflGtsf] ukmdf /dfPsf]
kf6L{df o; 36gfn] cftª\s ;[hgf
eof] . o'4af6} o'4 l;Sg] xf], o'4 ufoqL
dGq k9] h:tf] z'4 x'Fb}g . nfvf}
xf/af6 hLt xfl;n ug{] l;4fGt lng]
t/ Pp6} 36gfdf cftª\lst x'g' 7"nf]
sdhf]/L b]lvG5 . To;kl5 ePsf]
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ts{–
s'ts{x¿ eP . ;]S6/ sf08 ug{'
pu|jfdkGyL uNtL xf] elgof] . s]Gb|Lo
;ldltn] ;]S6/ sf08df ;xefuL
sd/] 8 x¿nfO{ { sf/jfxL u¥of] .
dxf;lrjn] klg g}lts lhDd]jf/L eGb}
dxf;lrj kb 5fl8lbP . kfF r f}
dxflwj] z gn] lgjf{ l rt u/] s f]
dxf;lrjn] 5f8] k l5 dxf;lrj
rogsf nflu lj:tfl/t a}7s jf
/fli6«o ;Dd]ng;Ddsf] cfjZostf
dx;'; ul/Pg . dxf;lrj kb 5f8]sf
ls/0fn] dxflwj]zgaf6 kf]ln6Ao'/f]df
rog ePsf ;dsfnLg rGb|ks | f;
uh'/]nnfO{{ 5f8]/ slgi6 ;b:o
k|r08nfO{{ dxf;lrjdf k|:tfj u/] /
;f] k|:tfj kf; klg eof] . o;/L k|r08
dxf;lrj aGg k'u] .
dfn]n] @)#% ;fndf qmflGtsf/L
nfOg kf; u/] tfklg df5fn] kfgLdf
k"mn kf/]/ 5f8] h;/L 5f8]sf] lyof] .
dfn]n] rf}yf] dxflwj]zg u/L hgtfsf]
ax'bnLo hgjfb kf; u/]kl5 dfn]
;+ ; bLo v] n df nfu] s f] lyof] .
df]xgljqmdsf] cfkm\g} rfn lyof] .
ls/0fn] qmflGtsf s'/f u/] klg
Jojxf/df nfg v'§f sdfpFb} cfPsf
lyP . qmflGtsf/L nfOgdf s'g} kf6L{
g} lyPgg\ eGbf x'GYof] . csd{0otfdf
kmF;s ] f] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dzfndf
k|r08sf] ;s[otfn] /fd|} phf{ kfof] .
pgnfO{{ b'O{ nfOg ;+3if{af6 u'hg|
k/]g . dxf;lrj ePsf] b'O{ tLg jif{df
hgcfGbf] n g ;' ¿ eof] .
hgcfGbf]ngaf6 zlQm cfh{g ug{ /fd|}
d] x gt u/] . jfddf] r f{ d f hfg
grfxg]x¿nfO{{ ;d]6/] ;+oQ ' m /fli6«o
hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt u7g ug{ sf]l;;
u/] / ;kmn eP . g]skf dzfnsf]
;fgf] zlQmnfO{{ cfkm\gf] g]tT[ jdf cGo
;d"x;Fu Pstf u/]/ Pstf s]Gb| u7g
u/] . ;+;bLo r'gfjsf] pkof]u ug{]
gLlt agfP . d;fnn] r' g fj
alx:sf/sf] gLlt lnof], d;fndf ePsf
;+;bjfbLx¿ klg xl/af]n uh'/n ] sf]
g]tT[ jdf Pstf s]Gb|df cfP . ;+oQ ' m
/fli6« o hgcfGbf] n g ;ldltsf]
;+of]hsdf d;fnsf] k|ltlglw 8f=
afa'/fd e§/fO{ aGg k'us ] f lyP . pgL
d;fnsf] lhNnf ;ldltsf] x}l;otsf
JolQm lyP . d;fnn] s]Gb|Lo :t/sf]
g]tfnfO{{ gk7fP/ cfGbf]ngnfO{{ v]nfFrL
u/]sf] lyof] . xl/af]n uh'/n] sf] g]tT[ jdf
Pstf s]Gb|df cfpFbf afa'/fd s]Gb|Lo
g]tf eP/ cfP . r'gfjL df]rf{ ;+oQ ' m
hgdf]rf{ u7g xFb' f klxnfsf] ;+oQ ' m
/fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs
ePsf] gftfn] ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf]
g]tT[ jdf bfaL u/]/ hgdf]rf{sf] ;+of]hs
aGg k'u] . o;/L afa'/fd klg e"Ok{ m' §f
tl/sfn] g]tf aGg k'u] . Pstf
dxflwj]zg u/L ax'dtsf] cfwf/df
k"j{ dfn]sf] nfOg hgo'4sf] nfOg kf;
ug{ ;kmn eP . hgo'4df hfg
gdfGg]x¿nfO{{ kf6L{af6 lgisfzg u/L
kf6L{sf] gfd g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ agfP .
rf/ tof/L ub{} kf6L{nfO{{ hgo'4df
xf]d] . ;xL d"Nofª\sg ug{] xf] eg] k|r08
gePsf] eP hgo'4 x'g] klg lyPg,
u0ftGq cfpg] klg lyPg, of] ;xL
xf] . ;aeGbf b'ef{Uo of] aGg k'Uof] ls
k|r08sf] v/fa kIfsf] cfnf]rgf ug{]
dflg; g} kf6L{df ePgg\ . bf];f| ] jl/otf
qmddf afa'/fd k'Ug' qmflGtsf nflu
7"nf] >fk eof] . s'g} nfOg gePsf]
-af“sL ^ k]hdf_
 4 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
sDo'lg:6lj?4 nufPsf cf/f]k / jf:tljstf
sDo'lg:6 s] rfxG5g\\ <, of]
sDo'lg:6nfO{{ slxNo} ;f]lwFbg} / k'h
F Lkltsf
k|sfzg ;+:yf / To;af6 k|efljt
a'l4hLlj, ;flxTosf/ cfˆgf]tkm{af6
sDo'lg:6sf rfxgfx?nfO{{ k|sfz ub{5g\ .
ltgLx? eG5g\, æsDo'lg:6 wd{ dGb}g,
pgLx?aLr bfh'–efO lbbLalxgLsf]
;DaGw x'bF g} , JolQmut ;DklQ x8k
u5{g, a'9fa'9LnfO{{ df5{g,\ x8\tfn u/fP/
/fi6«sf] k|ultdf cj?4 u/fpF5g\, lx+;f
km}nfp5g\ / jf]Ng] jf lj/f]w k|s6 ug]{
:jtGqtfnfO{{ jGb'ssf] gfn b]vfP/
/f]S5g\ . Ps k|sf/n] sDo'lg:6nfO{{ lk;fr
-;}tfg_ sf] ?kdf b]vfp5g\ / o:tf]
nfU5, sDo'lg:6 lj/f]wL ?n h'g :ju{sf]
kl/sNkgf ul//x]sf 5g\, sDo'lg:6x?
To;nfO{{ gs{df abNg] hfn tof/
ul//x]5g\ . k'FhLktL hldgbf/ /
pgLx?sf /fhgLlts bn tyf ljrf/s
k|rf/sx? sDo'lg:6sf] hfnaf6 s'g
:ju{sf] /Iff ug{ rfxG5g\, To;nfO{{ a'‰of]
eg] afFsL s'/fx¿ xfd|f] cufl8 cfkm ;]
cfkm k|i6 x'G5 / sDo'lg:6sf] lj?4
nufPsf oL cf/f]ksf jf:tljstf, ;Totf
xfd|f] cufl8 cfpF5 .
h'g ;dfhdf xfdLx? a:5f},F Toxf
b'O{ k|sf/sf dfG5] kfOG5g\ . zx/df
dflns / dhb'/, ufpFdf hldgbf/ /
ls;fg tyf v]tL ug]{ dhb'/ . olb xfdLn]
/fd|/L ljrf/ u¥of}F eg] oL b'O{ k|sf/sf
dfG5]x¿ 5'6o\ fpg d'l:sn kb}g{ . logdf
dflnsx?sf] cg'xf/ rlDsnf] kfOG5,
pgLx? :j:Yo x'G5g\,\ ;kmf /+uL–la/ª\uL
sk8f nufPsf x'G5g\\, pgLx?sf]
cfjfhdf 68\sf/f]kgf x'G5 lhk, sf/
df]6/;fOsndf r9]/ lxF8g\ ] x'G5g\,
dxndf a:5g\ . /ld a[hdf v]Ng],
Snadf s]j/] gfr x]g{ ] kxf8 jf ljb]z
ofqf ;fydf snun{ /fVg' logLx?sf] ;f}v
x'G5 . logLx?sf] x;fO{df a]lkms[kgf /
logLx?sf] rfndf kfgLdf kf}l8/x]sf]
df5fsf] h:tf] /jfkm x'G5 . lgd'vf ul/a,
>dhLljju{nfO{{ ufnL ubf{ d'vaf6
cfuf]sf] Hjfnf a;f{p5g\ eg] cfk"m
;x/sfl;t af]Nbf k"mn a;f{p5g\ .
logLx?sf] dxndf dvdnh:t} g/d\
3fF;sf] rf}/ x'G5, u'nfasf] ;'uGw x'G5,
;frf]df 9flnPsL h:tL sf]l/af6L
l;ª\ufl/PsL ;'Gb/L cfOdfO{x? x'G5g\,
r/fh:t} rlDsnf k"mnsf] ;'jf;em}F jf:gf
5g\{ ] k'tnLem}F gfRg] ;'Gb/ aRrf x'G5g\\
eg] dhb'/ ls;fgsf] rfp/L k/]sf cg'xf/,
cw{gfª\uf] ;'ss ] f] kftnf] z/L/, w'hf–
w'hf ePsf] sk8f, elTsg nfu]sf] sfFrf]
df6f]sf] k'm;sf] 3/, d]xgtsf] kl;gf,
ef]ssf] cFWof/f], ul/asf] qf; -bnbn_,
cGwljZjf;, 7f8f] af]nL, C0f, p8'; /
dR5/sf] xdnf / dfs'/fsf] hfnf],
d/0ff;Gg xf;f], kmf]xf]/ gfnfsf] b'uG{ w
w'jF f / afGtf 5 . dflns / dhb'/sf
?kdf /x]sf b'O{ k|sf/sf dfG5] tkfO{+
;a} 7fpFdf kfpg'xG' 5 . tkfO{ sxLF klg
hfg'xf];\ k|To]s zx/df b'Oj{ 6f ;x/
kfpg'xG' 5 . emf]k8L, sfrf] kfs]sf] O6fsf]
;–;fgf 3/ ePsf] zx/, hxfF sDd/
efFlrg] d]xgt 5 t/ ufF; jf;sf] b'Mv
5, ladf/ / nfrf/L 5 Û ef]s 5, cGofo
cTofrf/ / bdg 5, pbf; cfFvf 5,
g'xs ] f] sDd/ 5, nf]tL em/]sf] cg'xf/
5 . ul/a, pTkLl8t oL j:tLsf] ljk/Lt
;fx", dxfhg, t:s/ xflsd, a'hj'{ f
kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] zx/ 5, h;df
km/flsnf] ;8s 5, /fd|f /fd|f 3/ 5g\ .
;Ddfg / k|lti7f 5 . Ps k|sf/n] o;}
b'lgofFdf oL :ju{ / gs{sf b'O{ tl:a/
x'g . o;sf] cltl/Qm :ju{ / gs{ xf] g}
s] / < ha d ;fgf] lyP, wd{sf k':tsdf
k9y] gs{df lkksf] s'08 x'G5, h:df
;fk / laR5L t}l//xG5g\ / h;n] kfk
u5{, ltgLx?nfO{{ oxL s'08df xflnlbG5g\ .
laR5Ln] pgLx?nfO{{ 6f]S5 . ltgLx? 8/
/ kL8fn] ?Fb} lrRofpFb5 } g\ . s] ul/a,
dhb'/ ls;fgsf] lhGbuL oxL gs{sf]
s'08df s}b 5}g < s] ul/a, a]/f]huf/L
h:tf laR5Ln] pgLx?nfO{{ af/Daf/
6f]ls/x]sf] 5}g < s] dxª\uL ef]sd/L,
bdg, pTkL8g h:tf ;k{ pgLx?nfO{{
;w}F 8:g tof/ 5}g <
xfdL ul/a, d]xgt ug]{ dfG5] gs{sf]
lhGbuL afRg ljjz 5f} / xfdLnfO{{
atfOFbg} ls s'g kfksf] sf/0f xfdLnfO{{
/f}/a gs{df kmflnPsf] xf}F < s] d]xgt
ug{' kfk xf] < s] l;wf;fwf ;/fkmtsf]
lhGbuL lhpg' ck/fw xf] < xfdLn] /fd|f
3/ agfof},F 6]l/lngsf] ?kdf /fd|f /ª\uL–
lj/ªuL sk8f agfof}, l56f] lxF8g] /]n
agfof}, cflb–cflb agfof}F . o;/L cfˆgf]
d]xgtaf6 xfdLn] :ju{sf ;f/f ;fdfg
h'6fof}F . o;sf] cltl/Qm c? :ju{ x'G5
g} s] < xfdLnfO{{ s]6fs]6Ldf elgGYof],
:ju{df dfG5]n] ;'Gb/ lrh kfpF5 . ToxfF
sNkj[If 5, h'gd'gL pleP/ xfdL h]
rfxgf u5f},+ { Tof] t'?Gt k"/f x'G5, sfdw]g'
5, h;n] xfd|f] ;a} OR5f k"/f ul/lbG5,
ToxfF dfG5] a"9f] x'bF g} , ladf/ x'bF g} , b'MvL
x'bF g} , xfdLn] h] agfof}, s] tL xfdLnfO{{
/f]u, cefj, / b'Mvaf6 hf]ufpg kof{Kt
5}g / < xfdLn] :ju{ agfpg] oxL ck/fw
uTof}F / s] xfdL o;} ck/fwsf] sf/0f
gs{sf] cfuf]df 8l9/x]sf 5f}F < xfd|f
cfOdfO{sf z/L/ pbfª\luPsf] 5, xfd|f]
z/L/df cf]t 5}g, xfd|f aRrfsf] nflu
b"w 5}g, bdaf6 kLl8t a'9f cfdfafa'sf]
nflu bjfO{ 5}g, nfvf},+ s/f]8f}+ lstfa
5fKg] / ;}s8f} :s'n, sn]h agfP/ klg
xfdL clzlIft 5f},F ul/aL xfd|f] j}z + nfO{{
c;dod} a"9f] agfO/x]5 / ljleGg ;d:of
xfd|f] hLjgsf] 9f]sfdf d[To'306f ahfO/x]5
lsg– lsg cflv/ o:tf] lsg < o:tf]
lsg hf] sfd u5{, ToxL ef]s} d5{, h;n]
of] ;+;f/sf] /rgf u5{ Tof] g} o;af6
jlGrt lsg < clg hf] s]xL ub}g{ , tL
o; ;+;f/sf] dflns lsg 5g\ <
s] t:s/L, sfnf] ahf/L, ld;fj6
ug],{ gfkmfvf]/L g} k'Go -/fd|f] sfd_ xf],
h;n] wgL ;fx"nfO{{ :ju{sf] xsbf/ agfp5
/ Odfgbf/Lsf] kfkn] xfdLnfO{{ gs{sf]
cfuf]df ws]N5 < Tof] s'g rdTsf/ xf],
hf] ug]j{ fnf ef]s} / gug]x{ ?nfO{{ ;DkGg
agfp5 < hf] hlt ;Hhg 5, Tof] Tolt
g} b'MvL 5, ljkGg 5, x]o b[li6n] x]l/G5,
v/fa ;lDemOG5, c;'/lIft 5, oftgf
/ bdgsf] lzsf/ agfOG5 / hf] hlt
hfnL 5, em]nL 5, Tof] Tolt g} ;'vL,
;DkGg / ;Ddflgt 5 . Pp6} k|Zg
af/Daf/ cg'xf/ abn]/ xfd|f] cufl8
cfpF5 lsg < cflv/ o:tf] lsg <
jf:tjdf oxL k|Zgsf] pQ/ sDo'lg:6n]
vf]h] / oxL sf/0fn] :ju{sf] :yfoLaf;L
pgLx?nfO{{ cfˆgf] zq' 7fg]/ ljleGg
k|sf/n] ab\gfd ug{ nfu]sf 5g\ .
sDo'lg:6x?dfly lxnf] 5\ofKg pgLx?nfO{{
Tolt ufx|f] klg 5}g lsgls nfvf};+ Dd
k'Ug] cvaf/, s/f]8f};+ Dd k'Ug] /]l8of],
l;g]df, 6]lnlehg / nfvf}–+ nfv hgtf
;dIf k'Ug] pkGof;, syf, kqklqsfsf]
?kdf /x]sf oL k|rf/tGqdf log} wgL
;fx"x?sf] xft 5 . sDo'lg:6n] :ju{ /
gs{aLrsf] km/s / :ju{dfly oL s]xL
hfnL–em]nLsf] cflwkTonfO{{ /fd|/L
a'lem;s]sf 5g\ . sDo'lg:6 h'sf /
p8';sf] of] dfG5] vfg] k/Dk/f x6fP/
Ps zf]if0fd'Qm :jtGq ;dfhsf] :yfkgf
ug{ rfxG5 . xfd|f] ;dfhdf zf]if0f n'6/] fx?
5g\, pgLx?sf] egfO{ sf/vfgf dhb'/sf]
/ v]tL ls;fgsf] xf]Og k'h F Lklt /
hldgbf/sf] xf] . sf/vfgf dhb'/sf] /
v]t ls;fgsf] xf]Og, k'FhLktL /
hldgbf/sf] xf] eg] dhb'/x?n] x8\tfn
ubf{ oL lsg aGb x'G5g\\ / ltdLx?sf]
egfO{ dfg]/ lsg rNb}g < xfdL b]V5f}
x8\tfn x'bF f dflns Psbd larlnt
x'G5g\\ / cfˆgf bnfn, u'08f, k'ln; /
;/sf/L clwsf/Lx?sf] d2tn] x8\tfn
tf]8g] x/]s k|sf/sf] sf]l;; u5{g=\ ==
pgLx? o:tf] lsg u5{g\ < jf:tjdf
gfkmfsf] ?kdf dhb'/sf] d]xgtaf6
rf]l/Psf] k'h F Laf6 ag]sf] / pgLx?sf]
>daf6 rNg] oL sf/vfgfn] dflnsju{sf]
nflu /ftlbg ;'g pu]N5g\ / of] g} Tof]
gnL xf], h;n] xfd|f] z/L/sf] /ut nu]/
dflnssf] z/L/df k'¥ofpF5 / x8\tfnsf]
;dodf of] gnL x6\gfn] dflnsx?
larlnt x'g' :jefljs x'g hfG5 .
hldgbf/ / ls;fgsf z/L/nfO{{ klg
o:t} Ps glnn] hf]85, h;sf]
kl/0ffd:j¿k ;fgf ls;fg / v]tL ug]{
dhb' / sf] d] x gtsf] sdfO{ ;w} F
hldgbf/sf] 3/lt/ bf}l8G5 cGoyf olb
;Gtf]if ;L
/fd|/L ljrf/ ug]{ xf] eg] hldgbf/n]
cfˆgf] eg]sf] hldgdf ls;fg dhb'/s}
d]xgt / kl;gfn] g} cGg afnL
kmnfpFbg} < sDo'lg:6n] of] jf:tljstfnfO{{
a'lem;s]sf 5g\ ls k|sl[ tsf] cltl/Qm
pTkfbgsf] d'Vo sf/0f d]xgtL hgtfsf]
>d g} x'G5 . ctM ls;fg / dhb'/ g}
oL v]tL / sf/vfgfsf c;nL dflns
x'g / b]zsf] ul/aL, a]sf/L / d'vdl/sf]
Ps dfq sf/0f oL k'h F LktL, hldgbf/
/ sfnfahf/L ;fx" x'g, h;n] cfˆgf] n'6
/ gfkmfvf]/Lsf] nflu tdfd d]xgtL
hgtfnfO{{ cfly{s ;+s6sL cfuf]df
xf]Db5g\ . sDo'lg:6 oL dfG5] vfg] n'6/] fsf]
zf]if0faf6 ;dfhnfO{{ d'Qm ug{ rfxG5g\,\
h;af6 oxfF :jl0f{d dfgj ;dfhsf]
lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsof];\ . JolQmåf/f JolQmsf]
zf]if0fn] dfgj3ftL Joj:yf hGdfpF5g\,
h;df Psflt/ ;DkGgtf 5fPsf] x'G5
eg] csf]l{ t/ ljkGgtf .
Psflt/ d'¶Le/L dfG5] olt ckr
x'g] ul/vfG5g\ ls To;nfO{{ krfpg bjfO{
vfg'k5{ / csf]l{ t/ k]6sf] ef]s dfg{nfO{{
cfOdfO{n] cfˆgf] z/L/ a]Rg'k5{, ;–;fgf
s]6f l/S;f rnfp5, a'9fa'9Ln] lev
dfUg'k5{, uf]a/af6 cGgsf] bfgf lgsfNg',
xf]6nsf] h'7o\ fgaf6 h'7f] lng s's/' ;Fu
h'Wg', ?vsf] af]qmf / kft vfg' / d/]sf
s's/' sf] df;'df d'v uf8\gh ' :tf] s'/f
ca ;fwf/0f 36gf aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
kGw| sf]7fjfnf 3/df Pshgf a:5 /
Pp6f em'kf| d] f kGw|hgf a:5g\,\ Jofkf/L
pBf]ukltsf :jf:gLnfO{{ aflx/ 3'Dg hfg]
a]nfdf Ps 8]9 ;o bf/Ldf s'g nufpg]
eGg] k|Zg v8f x'G5 eg] ul/a cfOdfO{nfO{{
s] nufpg] eGg] ;d:of ;w}F pTkGg
e}O/xG5g\ . ha wgLsf] 3/df :jflbi6
ksjfg\sf] ef]h rln/x]sf] x'G5 eg]
glhssf] 3/sf] a'9L cfOdfO{ ef]sn] d5]{ .
wgLsf s's/' /]zdL l;/sdf cf/fd
ul//xG5g\ eg] ls;fg dhb'/sf
5f]/f5f]/L s's/' sf] 5fp/fem}F k'm;–k/fn
/ em'df| ] cf]9/] Gofgf]sf] vf]hLdf 56\kl6Fb}
/ft latfpF5g\ . wgL clws[tsf] 5f]/L
cfˆgf] k|l] d;Fu dw'/ ldng ul//x]sL x'G5],
ptf ul/a sGof s]6L cfˆgL ljwjf
cfdf / efOalxgLnfO{{ kfNg s'g} a"9f]
clws[t jf ;fx"sf] cf]5o\ fg ttfO/x]sL
x'G5], ha ;fx"sf s's/' l/;n] b"w kf]V5g\
ta nfvf}F s]6fs]6Lsf pbf; cfFvfn]
;kgfdf /f]6Lsf] 6'qmf b]V5g\ ha
clws[tlt/sf s's'/sf 5fp/fnfO{{
c:ktfndf ;'O{ lbOG5, ta s}of}n]
bafOsf] cefjdf cflv/L ;f; km]l//x]sf
x'G5g\,\ ha k'ln; clws[t ;fx"hLsf] 3/df
/S;Lsf] ;/df d:t x'G5g\,\ ta ;fgf]eGbf
;fgf] l;kfxL klg ul/a dhb'/sf cfdf
alxgL;Fu glhssf] gftf hf]l8/x]sf x'G5g\
/ ha kf}li6s cfxf/f vfP/ clws[t,
;fx"sf >LdtLx? $) aif]{ pd]/df klg
dxfljBfno k9\g] 5fqfh:tf b]lvG5g\
eg] otf tL; jif{sL dhb'/gL %) jif{sL
a'9Lh:tL b]lvG5] . ;dfhdf kfOg] oL
cGt/ k|fs[lts geP/ zf]if0f pTkL8gdf
cfwfl/t of] bnfn k'h F LjfbL Joj:yfsf]
pkh xf], sDo'lg:6 zf]if0f Joj:yfnfO{{
;dfKt kf/]/ / of] agfj6L e]befjnfO{{
;w}s F f] nflu x6fpg rfxG5 .
xfd|f] ;dfhsf] xfnsf] Joj:yfsf]
cfwf/ gfkmf xf] / oxfF ;a} ;dfg gfkmfsf]
nflu tof/ ul/G5 . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{
;dfhdf df]6f] sk8fsf] cfjZostf eP
klg 6]/l] ng / 6]l/s6g agfOG5 df]6f]
sk8f ul/a hgtfn] lsG5g\,\ h;n]
Hofbf df]n ltg{ ;Sb}gg\ . ctM Hofbf
gfkmf kfOg] x'gfn] clws[t, ;fx", dxfhgn]
vl/b ug]{ /fd|f vfnsf sk8f pTkfbg
u5{g\ . xfdLsxfF b}lgs cfjZos
;fdu|Lsf] t'ngfdf s[d, kfp8/,
lnlki6s / /S;Lh:tf ljnfl;tfsf
;fdu|Lsf] pTkfbg al9/x]sf] 5 / 8fN6f,
d§Lt]n, l;d]G6, 6fo/ 6\oa' cflb gkfP/
xfxfsf/ 5 t/ ljnfl;tfsf ;fdfgn]
bf]sfg el/Psf x'G5g\\ . clwsf+z hgtfsf]
cfjZostf / pTkfbgsf] aLrsf] of]
vf8nsf] sf/0f s] xf] < jf:tjdf xfd|f]
b]zsf] cfly{s ;fdflhsn] Jofkf/L,
k'h
F Lklt, xflsd, t:s/, ;fx", hldgbf/
/ a'hj' { f g]tfsf] ?kdf Ps clt ;DkGg
ju{ tof/ u/]sf] 5 / hf];uF sfnfahf/L,
t:s/L / 6]S;rf]/Lsf] ¿kdf cj}w
;DklQsf] y'kf| ] 5 / logLx? ef]ulanf;sf]
hLjg latfpg kfgLh:tf] k};f vr{
u5{ g \ . ctM gfkmfdf cfwfl/t
cy{Joj:yfdf logLx?sf] ?lrnfO{{ Wofg
/fvL pTkfbg ul/G5 . sDo'lg:6x? of]
gfkmfvf]/L bf}8nfO{{ ;dfKt u/]/ ;fdflhs
cfjZostfsf ;fdu|L pTkfbg u/fpg
rfxG5g\, h:n] ubf{ d]xgtL hgtfsf]
cfjZostf k"/f x'g ;sf];,\ pgLx?nfO{{
;x'lnot k'Ug ;sf];\ / pgLx? ;'vL
hLjg latfpg] qmddf kfOnf rfNg
;s'g\ . gfkmfnfO{{ cfwf/ dfg]/ rNg] of]
Joj:yfn] sfnf]ahf/LnfO{{ k|fT] ;fxg lbG5 .
d"No lgoGq0f ugf{;fy ahf/af6 tL
;fdu|L x/fpg] u/]sf] xfd|f] cg'ejn] g}
atfO/x]5, clwsf+z hgtfdf 8fN8f,
dl§t]n cflbsf] xfxfsf/ 5 t/ ;/sf/L
d"Nodf tL lrhx? kfOFbg} g\ ha ls
a9L d"No lt/]df sfnf]ahf/df hlt klg
lsGg ;lsG5 . pBf]uklt Jofkf/Låf/f
cGwfw'Gw gfkmf sdfpg j:t'x? uf]bfddf
/fvL ahf/df agfj6L cefjsf] ;[hgf
u/fpg ;fwf/0f e};s]sf] 5 / ;/sf/af6
of] u}/sfg'gL c;dflhs cdfgjLo 7uLnfO{{
s8fOsf ;fy /f]Sg' t k/} hfj; pgLx?
cj}w ;DklQ h:t} sfnf]ahf/sf] d"NonfO{{
lgoldt / sfg'gL agfpg] sf]l;; u5{g\ .
klxn] ul/a x6fp / ;dfhjfbsf] gfddf
/fHon] d"No a9fof] km]l/ sDo'lg:6sf] gfddf
ljleGg cfjZos ;fdu|Lsf d"No a9fO/x]sf
5g\ . k|z:t ;fdfg eP klg ul/an] lsGg
kfO/x]sf 5}g . sDo'lg:6 hdfvf]/L /
t:s/LnfO{{ ;w}s F f] nflu ;dfKt u/]/ Pp6f
o:tf] ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5g\ hxfF
dfG5] j:t'sf] nflu xf]Og, j:t' dfGr]sf] nflu
x'g5] / ;dfhdf h] klg pTkfbg x'G5 s]xL
Jofkf/Lsf] gfkmf / wg a9fpg geO{ ;a}sf
cfjZostf k"/f ug]{ sfddf cfcf];\ .
afFRgsf] nflu vfgf h?/L 5 / vfgf
sfd gu/L kfOFbg} . ctM /f]huf/L
hLjgsf] klxnf] Go"gtd cfjZostf xf] .
xfd|f] b]zdf s/f]8f}+ dfG5] a]/f]huf/ 5g\ .
s]xL dfG5] n]vk9 u/]/ hflu/] aGg]
rfxgfnfO{{ g} a]/f]huf/sf] sf/0f 7fG5g\ .
pgLx?nfO{{ of] k|Zg ug{ ;lsG5, Plb
lzlIft x'g' g} a]/f]huf/Lsf] sf/0f xf]
eg], clzlIftx? lgs} a]/f]huf/ 5g\\ /
olb z}lIfs ;+:yf aGb ul/lbof] eg]
lzlIft a]/f]huf/ 36]/ clzlIft
a]/f]huf/ a9fpFbg} < jf:tjdf a]/f]huf/L
bnfn k'h F LjfbL Joj:yfsf] pkh xf] . of]
Joj:yfn] gfkmfvf]/Lsf] dfWodaf6
hgtfsf] qmozlQm 36fO{ j:t'sf] dfu
a9fp5, h;sf] kmn:j¿k wdfwd
sf/vfgfx? aGb x'g nfU5g\ / cfly{s
;+s6n] ubf{ gofF dfG5]n] /f]huf/ kfpg'sf]
;f6f] k'/fgf] dhb'/ sd{rf/Lsf] klg
/f]huf/L vf]l;G5 . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{
;f/f ;+;f/df Jofkf/ ug]{ cd]l/sf,
a]nfot, O6nL, k|mfG; / hfkfgh:tf]
ljsl;t k'h F LjfbL b]zdf klg cfh nfvf}+
a]/f]huf/ dfq geO{ lbgfg'lbg of] ;+Vof
a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 / xfd|f] b]zdf w]/}
sf/vfgfx? aGb x'bF 5 } g\, h:n] ubf{
/f]huf/L sfof{nodf btf{ a]/f]huf/x?
s/f]8f}e+ Gbf klg a9L ePsf 5g\ .
a]/f]hufl/n] dfG5]sf] tg–dgnfO{{ hh{/
agfP/ hg;fwf/0fsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s
ljsf;nfO{{ ca?4 dfq} gu/]/ ;dfhsf]
k|ultnfO{{ g} ca?4 ul/lbG5 .
cfdfafa'n] s}of}F b'Mvsi6 em]n/]
pgLx?nfO{{ cfˆgf s]6fs]6Lx?nfO{{
k9fpF5g\, cfˆgf lzlIft 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{{
b]v/] pgLx?df s:tfs:tf OR5fx?
cfPsf x'G5g\\ t/ ha k9fO{ ;lsG5,
klxn] 5f] / f5f] / Lsf] / To;kl5
cfdfafa'sf ;kgfx¿ PsPs u/L 6'6g\
yfN5g\, b/vf:t, cGtaf{tf{ lbFbflbFbf
pgLx? yfS5g\, t}klg /fd|f] hflu/ t
k/} hfcf];\, ;fwf/0f gf]s/L klg
jiff};
{ Dd kfOb}g pgLx?sf] cg'xf/
k'mªu p8\g yfN5, xf;f] x/fpg yfN5,
cfzf dg{ yfN5 / cfdfa'afsf] cg'xf/
l56f]l56f] rfpl/g yfN5 . slt kL8f
x'G5 xf]nf, o; a]nfdf / s:tf]
cGwsf/n] 9fS5 xf]nf, ltgLx?sf
cfdfafa'df / s] of] b'Mv–bb{sf] s'g}
7]ufgf / s'g} lx;fa sxL 5 < o;eGbf
a9L b'MvbfoL c? s] x'g ;S5 ls
Psflt/ s/f]8f}F xftn] sfd dflu/x]sf
5g\\ / csf]l{ t/ nfvf}F la3f hldg
vghf]t gu/L afFem} /x]sf] 5 .
snsf/vfgf 5}g ePsf klg aGb
5g\ of] agfpg]x? cg]sf}+ lrhsf]
cfjZostf ePsf s/f]8f}+ dfG5] 5g\,\
oL lrh agfpg h'g ;fdfgsf]
cfjZostf k5{, hldg afh} k/]sf 5g\\
dfG5] pbf; cfvfn] tL b[Zo x]l//x]sf
5g\\ t/ To;nfO{{ kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
sDo'lg:6 oL cj:yfnfO{{ ;dfKt kf/]/
dfG5]m:nfO{{ …of]Uotfcg';f/sf] sfd /
p;sf] sfdcg';f/sf] bfdÚ lbg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg rfxG5 .
dfG5] ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
cfZro{ xf], ;f]Rg], k|sl[ tnfO{{ hfGg]
lrGg], gofF–gofF j:t' dfg]/ dgdf}hL
Jojxf/ ul/lbP o;sf] cg'el" t /
ljrf/ k|wfg cl:tTjnfO{{ cFWof/f]
‰ofnvfgfdf aGbL agfO{ /x]sf 5g\\
/ agfOlbP, of] ;+;f/sf] slt bb{gfs
36gf x'G5 / oxL b'ef{Uo cfh xfd|f]
lgolt ag]sf] 5, xfd|f] rf/}lt/
cGwljZjf;sf] jfbn olt cFWof/f]
u/fP/ km}nfPsf] 5 ls xfdL :jtGq
eP/ ljrf/ ug{;d]t kfpFbg} f},F xfdL
j} 1 flgs hg3ftL dfGotfsf]
kvf{nleq dfq ;f]Rg :jtGq 5f}F .
gfkmfvf]/ / n'6fxfx? cfˆgf] lglxt
:jfy{ lj:tf/sf] nflu xfdLnfO{{ gofF–gofF
cfljisf/ ug{ gofF–gofF d]l;g agfpg]
:jtGqtf t lbG5g\\ t/ g t :jf:y
;fdflhs hLjg afRg] :jtGqtf lbG5g\\
g t zf]if0f – pTkL8gsf] hfnnfO{{ a'em]/
;'vL ;DkGg ;dfh v8f ug]{ ;'ljwf
lbG5 / ca t ldl8ofx?n] 6]lnlehg
k|;f/0fn] Psflt/ xfdLnfO{{ ;dfhaf6
x6fP/ cfTdfs]lGb|t agfOlbPsf] 5 /
csf]l{ t/ bnfn k'h F LjfbL dfGotfsf]
lj:tf/af6 xfdLnfO{{ dfgjLo dfGotfsf]
:t/df vf]qmf] / pkef]Qmf ;+:s[ltaf6
k|efljt gSsnL lhGbuL afRg kf/]sf]
5 . olt dfq xf]Og, pgLx? dfG5]sf]
lgdf{0f ug]{ zlQmdf ;d]t k|ltaGw
nufp5g\ / nufO/x]sf 5g\,\ lsgls
zf]if0f, zf;s ju{ tL j:t'sf] Tolt
l;df;Dd dfq pTkfbg ug]{ 5'6 lbG5g\\ .
hxfF;Dd pgLx?sf] gfkmfsf] lj:tf/
x'G5 sf/vfgfdf k"0f{Ifdtf pTkfbg
gu/fpg' / aGb x'bF } hfg' g} o;sf]
jf:tljs k|df0f xf] / olt dfq xf]Og
dfG5]n] cfˆgf] tLI0f lbdfun] h'g
j}1flgs oGq agfpF5, To;nfO{{ klg k};fsf]
ann] wgL dfG5]n] cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf /fV5
/ cfˆgf] kmfObfsf] cj:yfdf dfq k|of]u
u5{ cGoyf k'/fg} oGqaf6 sfd lnG5,
h;n] ubf{ pTkbg ug]{ oGqsf] kmfObfaf6
dfgj ;dfh alGrt /xG5 . k'h F LjfbL
Joj:yfdf nfvf}+ s/f]8f}+ agfpg] lg/Gt/
gofF–gofF lrh agfpg] dfG5]nfO{{ :jo+ Ps
…j:t'dfÚ df ablnlbOG5 / p lghL{j
j:t' h:t} ahf/df laS5, o;sf] df]ntf]n
x'G5 / cfjZostf gk/]kl5 p;nfO{{ sfg
kqm]/ aflx/ lgsflnG5, p;Fu dfgjLo
Jojxf/ ul/Fbg} p:sf] ;kgf;Fu s;}sf]
;xfg'el" t /fVg' / p;sf] efjgfsf] ;Ddfg
ug]{ t k|Zg} p7\bg} , kz'xf6df a]lrg]
kz'h:tf] / ;AhL ahf/df a]lrg]
t/sf/Lh:t} dfG5]sf] lsga]r x'g' klg
7"nf] b'36{ gf xf] .
;+;f/lgdf{0f ug]{ dfG5] s]xL Jofkf/Lsf]
xftsf] s7\kt' nL aGg' cfZro{sf] s'/f t
5Fb5 } t/ ;a} 7fpFdf ;a} ;do o:t}
e}/x]sf] 5 . olb clzlIft dfG5] laxfg}
zx/df s]xL lglZrt :yfgdf cfP/ a:5g\\
eg] lzlIft dfG5] /f]huf/ pknAw u/fpg]
sfof{nosf] cufl8 ;w}+ nfOg nufP/
a:5g\ of hflu/sf] lgj]bg / cGtjf{tf{
lbFb} lxF85g\ . sDo'lg:6 dfG5]sf]
lsga]rnfO{{ ;dfKt u/]/ Pp6f o:tf]
hgdª\unsf/L Joj:yf lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5,
h;df dfG5]n] :jtGq ?kn] ljrf/ JoQm
ug]{ ;Defjgf klg pTkGg x'G5 / p;sf]
efjgfdf v]njf8 ug{ g;lsof];\ . gfl/n]
;dflhs ljsf;df ;w}F Pp6f dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf lgefPsf 5g\ / h+unL hgfj/sf]
df;'af6 hLjg wfGg] cGwsf/ o'ub]lv of]
;Eo j}1flgs o'u;Dd gf/Ln] k'?ifsf]
sfFwdf sfFw ldnfP/ ;+3if{ u/]sf 5g\\ .
w]/} si6 ;x]sf 5g\,\ vt/f p7fPsf 5g\\ .
s:tf] lj8Dagf 5 eg] Pp6f nfdf]
;do;Dd ;dfhdf gf/Lsf] :yfg Hofb}
tNnf] /x]sf] 5=== pgLx? ;}s8f}s F f] ;+Vofdf
Pp6f k'?ifsf :jf:gL aG5g\, ljxfgb]lv
cfwL /ft;Dd kz'n] h:t} sfd u/]/
klg b'Tsfl/G5g\, p;sf] hGdnfO{{ g} cz'e
dflgG5, a'9f];uF ljjfx ul/G5, nf]Ug]
dgf{;fy lhGbuLe/L ;a} ;'v ;'lawfaf6
alGrt eP/ ;Gofl;gL ag]/ /xg'k5{,
nf]Ug] d/]kl5 p;nfO{{ afFRg] clwsf/ lbOFbg} ,
p;sf cfzf / OR5fsf] af/]df s;}sf]
ljrf/;Dd u/]g, p;nfO{{ 3/sf] k/vfnsf]
s}b u/]/ /flvof], lelqgL–j]Zof –b]jsGofsf]
¿kdf p;sf] z/L/nfO{{ dgf]ljgf]bsf] ;fwg
dfg]/ p;sf] efjgfsf] v]njf8 ul/Psf]
5 / oGqsf] cljisf/ kl5 ;a} If]qdf
k'?ifh:t} lgdf{0f sfo{df ;+nUg eP/ klg
p;nfO{{ ;dfhdf a/fa/Lsf] :yfg 5}g .
cd]l/sf, k|mfG; h:tf ;DkGg k'h F LjfbL
b]zdf klg gf/Ln] ;–;fgf sfddf dfq}
/f]huf/L kfpF5g\\ / o:tf] sfddf klg
pgLx?nfO{{ k'?if;/x tna lbOFbg} .
xfdLsxfF hflu/ vfg] gf/Ln] laxfg–a]ns ' f
3/sf] sfd klg u5{g,\ aRrf kfN5g\,
;f;" gGbsf ltvf jrg klg ;'G5g\,
nf]Ug]sf] l/; klg ;xG5g\ / olb ;f;'–
;;'/f jf nf]Ug] ljdf/L eP To;sf] ;]jf
klg u5{g,\ p yfs]sL 5], p pbf; 5],
p;sf klg s]xL ;kgf 5g\,\ p;sf klg
s]xL cfzf 5g\,\ p dfof rfxG5], p;sf
s]xL ljrf/ 5g\,\ s]xL dfGotf 5g\, p;sf]
klg s]xL ;Nnfx x'g ;S5 .
gf/Lsf] ;Gbe{df dfG5] oL s'/f ;f]Rg;d]t
dg k/fpFbG} g . ;fgfdf 5f]/fsf] t'ngfdf sd
vfgf / yf]/} dfof lbOG5, 7'nL ePkl5
p;sf] k9fO afa'cfdfsf] OR5fdf lge{/ x'G5
/ To;kl5 s'g} s]6f;Fu p;sf] ljjfx
ul/lbOG5 / kl/jf/sf] sfddf r'Nxf]rf}s
ubf{ub}{ p;sf] hLjg ;dfKt x'G5 slxn]
PsIf0f;Dd klg p :jtGq JolQmTjsf]
clwsf/L x'Gg, kz'tN' o bf;L ag]/ /xG5g\\ .
sDo'lg:6 gf/Lsf] of] bf;TjnfO{{ ;dfKt u/]/
Pp6f o:tf] ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5,
hxfF pgLx? k'?ifsf] ;fyL x'G5g\,\ hLjgsf]
x/]s If]qdf k'?if;Fu sfFwdf sfFw ldnfP/
cufl8 a95g\,\ ;dfhdf k'?ifsf] a/fa/
clwsf/ / ;Ddfg k|fKt ug]5{ g\\ .
 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
;fj{hlgs If]q M ljZj ljsf;s} cfjZostf
x'g t xfdLn] aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf]
clGtd bzs otf nfutf/ ljZjel/
slyt gofF cfly{s gLltsf] z'?jftsf]
gfddf e"d08nLs/0f, pbf/Ls/0f,
lghLs/0f / ahf/Ls/0fsf] s'/f
/ftf]lbg ;'Gb} cfPsf xf}+ / ljsf;sf]
d"naf6f] g} ToxL xf] eGg] /6gf–hkgf
klg ub}{ cfPsf xf}+ . tL zAbx? ;fFRr}
g} nf]slk|o h:t} ag] agfOPsf x'g\ .
t/, clxn] cfP/ klxn] g} cg]s sf/0f
;DkGg / ;Ifd ag]sf b]zx? afx]s
xfd|f h:tf kl5 k/] kfl/Psf sd
lasl;t / lasfzLn b]zx?df clxn]
klg ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] s'g} e/kbf]{
lasNk 5}g / of] gLltnfO{{ s'g} klg
d"Nodf arfP/ /fVg'kg]{ cfjZostf
cem a9\g uPs} k|tLt x'G5 . lsgls
of] s]jn cfly{s ljsf; / ;DkGgsf
pks/0f dfq xf]Og, Tof]eGbf klg a9L
/ cem dxTjsf] s'/f o;n] :jfwLgtf,
cfTdlge{/tf / :jtGqtfsf] ;+3if{sf]
klg /Iff ub{5 / ;du|df kl/0ffdtM
hgtGq, ;fdflhs Gofo tyf dfgaLo
/ /fli6« o ul/dfsf] cfwf/ /
dfWodsf]?kdf klg o;n] ce"tk"j{
sfd ub{5 eGg] nfdf] sfnv08sf
cg'ejL laZn]ifsx?n] km]l/ cf}N+ ofpg
yfn]sf 5g\\ . oBlk of] ;fj{hlgs
If]q klg cfnf]rgfeGbf dfly eg]
caZo 5}g / o;sf klg cg]s
r' g f} l tx? caZo 5g\ \ ltgsf]
lg/fs/0fsf] s'/f klg ;f]Rg} kb{5 /
pkfrf/ vf]lhg} kb{5 .
oBlk aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf] clGtd
bzsdf ljZje/L g} gofF cfly{s
gLltsf] gfddf z' ? ePsf] of]
e" d 08nLs/0f, pbf/Ls/0f /
lghLs/0fsf zAb? klxnf] b[iodf lgs}
nf]slk|o h:tf] klg nfu] . k"/} ljZjdf
ltgsf] lgs} ;kmntfk"js { k|rf/–k|;f/
klg /ftf]lbg ug]{ ul/of] . t/, o;n]
lgs} ;kmntf kfpg ;s]sf] h:tf]
b]lvg' / dfGotf kfPh:tf] b]lvg'sf
k5fl8 cfd?kdf ;f]leot ;+3sf]
la36g / o;sf] k/fefjnfO{{ hfG5 .
;f]leot sfod /lx/x]sf] eP ljZj
Ps w|'aLo x'g} ;St}gYof] / o;
k|sf/sf cfly{s gLltx? k|lt/f]w /
r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ub}{ gul/sg lagf
k|lt/f]w ljZj ;+:yfx?åf/f sfof{Gjo
u/fpg] l:ylt g} aGg] lyPg .
lgZro g} of] gfkmf s]lGb|t, dfga
/ k|s[lt cd}qL e"d08nLs/0fsf]
gLltsf] lgaf{w lsl;dn] nfu" ePsf]
eGg] s'/f ;xL xf]Og . o; gLltsf
ljZjel/sf jfdkGyL tyf k|ultzLn
zlStx?n] lj/f]w hgfPsf x'g\ . cyf{t\
jfdGyLx? / blIf0fkGyLx?sf] ;d]tsf]
a/f]wsf] aLraf6} of] gLlt u'hs ]| f] xf] .
t/, ;Qfdf /x]sf clwsf+z b]zx?sf
bnx?n] cGttM of] gLlts} cg';/0f
u/]sf b]lvFb} cfPsf] 5 . olt;Dd
ls lakIfdf /x'~h] e"d08nLs/0fsf]
lj/f]w ul/6f]kn] klg ;Qfdf uPkl5
ToxL gLltsf] lgaf{ w cg' ; /0f
ul//x]sf] klg b]lvPsf] xf] / clxn]
klg b]lvPs} 5 . km/s slt dfq
/x]sf] xf] eg] s;}n] clns dGb ultdf
wd{/fpFb} of] gLltsf] cg';/0f u/] eg]
sltkon] tLa| ultdf Aofks
/fhgLlts ;dy{gsf ;fy canDag
u/] . o; qmddf pTkfb a[l4sf ;fy
;DklQdf c;dfgtf klg Aofks?kdf
a9]/ uof] . o;} qmddf *) k|ltzt
/fHo–/fi6«sf] ;DklQ a9Ldf @)
k|ltztsf] xftdf uof] eg] afFsL *)
k|ltzt dflg;x?sf] xftdf s]jn @)
k|ltzt >f]t ;fwg dfq /xg k'Uof] .
c;dfgtf a9fpg] of] k|so[ fn] ubf{
nf]sgf/fo0f ;'ab] L
cfh ljZjsf (( k|ltzt dflg;sf]
xftdf s]jn ! k|ltzt dfq >f]t
;fwg /xg] / ! k|ltztsf] xftdf
(( k|ltzt ;DklQ hDdf x'g] l:ylt
lasl;t x'g k'us ] f] 5 . o;n] ljZjsf
clwsf+z hg;fwf/0f gful/ssf]
hLjg cToGt} b'?x / si6s/ aGg
k' u ] s f] 5 eg] s] x L d' ¶ Le/
dfglg;x?sf] ;DklQ r' l nP/
c;Lldt x'g k'us ] f] 5 . o; l:yltsf]
cGTo ug{s} nflu ;fj{hlgs If]qsf]
a9\bf] cfjZostf k'gM dx;'; ug{
yflnPsf] 5, h'g :jeflas klg xf] .
To;}n] lxhf] e"d08nLs/0f /
lghLs/0fsf] 8+sf lk6\g] ;/sf/x?
klg cfh lghLs/0fsf] ;§f
…lalga]zLs/0fÚ zAbsf] rog ub}{ Tof]
gLltaf6 kl5 x6\g afWo ePsf] l:ylt
ag]sf] 5 . o;n] …lghLs/0fÚ zAbsf]
gsf/fTds WjgL sd x'g yfNb5 /
sfd ;xh aGg hfG5 . sltkon]
clxn] …df}lb|s/0fÚ eGg] zAb klg
cufl8 ;f/]/ lghLs/0fnfO{{ s]xL
dTy/ ultn] canDag ug]{ af6f]
lnPsf] b]lvb]5 . x'g\ t of] lghLs/0f
() sf] bzsdf h'g ljZjAofkL
cleofg ag]/ cfof] Tof]eGbf klxnf
klg gLhLs/0f g/x]sf] / gePsf] eg]
xf]Og . To;}n] o;df s] u8a8L 5 /
lrGtfs lrGtfsf] ljifo aGg' kg]{ eGg]
;jfn klg p7fOb}5 . ;fj{hlgs
If]qsf] lj/f]w klg klxnfb]lvg} x'Fb} /
ul/b} cfPsfs] xf] . xfd|} b]zdf klg
;/sf/sf] sfd ;/sf/ rnfpg] xf],
pBf]uwGwf aGb Aofkf/ rnfpg] xf]Og
eg]/ hgtf / /fi6«nfO{{ …r'x]/ ljsf;
x'g]Ú l;4fGt cyf{t …6«sn 8fpg
Yof]/LÚsf] e/df 5f]l8lbg] jsfnt ug]{
ul/of] . xfd|f] b]zdf /fHo If]qn]
;~rfng u/] s f k| f oM ;a}
pBf]uwGwfx? lghLs/0fsf] gfd ;d"n
gi6 ul/g] h'g sfo{ ul/of] To;n]
ubf{ g]kfnsf] ljsf; Ifdtfdf 7"nf]
x|f; cfof] / To;sf] c;/ cy{tGqdf
clxn] klg klg kl//x]sf] 5 . hgtf
/ /fi6« k | l tsf] hafkmb] x L /
pQ/bfloTjaf6 ;n{Ss} kl~5g /
cy{ t Gqdf dfq} xf] O g lzIff,
:jf:Yonufotsf cfwf/e"t If]qnfO{{
klg lghL If]qdf ws]n]/ ltgnfO{{
hgtfsf] kx'Fraf6 6f9f cToflws
dxFuf] agfOof] . kmntM xfd|f] b]z s]jn
;:tf] sRrf kbfy{ / ;:tf] >d lgof{t
ug]{ cyf{t …k|fOd/L u'8\; cbIf
hgzlStÚ lgof{ t ug] { / b] z df
/f]huf/L gkfOg] b]zsf] l:yltdf
ws]lnof] / Tof] qmd hf/L 5 . kmntM
b]z k/lge{/ k/f>oL aGb} uof] /
To;n] /fhgLltnfO{{ klg k/f>oL
k/d'vfk]IfL t'NofOlbof] . cfhsf] a9\bf]
rf}tkmL{ ;+s6 cyf{t\ a]/f]huf/L
c;'/Iff, cefj / bLgxLgtf pTkGg
ug]{ cy{–/fhgLltsf] sf/0f g} oxL xf] .
jf:tjdf of] ;dfhjfbL af6f]lt/
hfg] ls k'FhLjfbL af6f]lt/ hfg],
;fdflhs GofonfO{{ ;'/lIft ug]{
ljsf;sf] a6f] lxF8g\ ] ls wgLnfO{{ emg\
wgL u/LanfO{{ emg\ u/La agfpg]
af6f]l/t nfUg] eGg] cfwf/e"t cy{
/fVg] s'/f xf] . of]hgfa4 ljsf;sf]
;xL af6f] nfUg] ls ;a} lghL If]qdf
ws]n]/ cfdhgtfk|ltsf] ;/sf/ /
/fHosf] bfloTjaf6 cnu /fVg] eGg]
s'/f xf] . jf:tjdf h'g lasl;t
k'h
F LjfbL b]zx? lyP, 5g\ ltgn] klg
;fj{hlgs / lghL If]qsf] ;Gt'lnt
ljsf;sf] af6f] ;dft] / of
pklgj] z ssf] >f] t ;fwgsf]
of]hgfa4 n'6 v;f]6 u/]/ cfly{s
;d[l4 xfl;n u/]sf] tYo ljZjdf v8f
5 . ;fj{ h lgs If] q df 7" n f
cfof]hgfx?, k"af{wf/x? / s[lif /
pBf]unfO{{ rflxg] lzIff, :jf:Yo /
pmhf{ h:tf s'/fn] ubf{ g} lghL If]qn]
klg ljsf; ug{ ;s] s f]
jf:tlastfnfO{{ ljZjsf s'g} klg
b] z df e' N g ;lsF b } g . ef/t
pklgj] z jfbaf6 d' S t eP kl5
k|wfgdGqL ag]sf hjfx/nfn g]x?n]
;fj{hlgs If]qnfO{{ a9fjf lbP/
To;nfO{{ cy{tGqsf] …sdfl08Ë xfO{6Ú
eGg] dxTjk"0f{ ;+1f lbPsf lyP .
o;n] /fli6«o k'FhLsf] ljsf; ug{,
hgtfsf] qmo zlSt / /fli6«o ahf/
lasl;t ug{ / /fli6«o pBf]uwGwf v8f
ug{ / km}nfpg d2t ldNg] tyf rf}tkmL{
ljsf;sf] cfwf/ tof/ ug]{ s'/f k|i6
5 . Tof] g]x?sf] ljsf;sf] d"n af6f]
5f]8b\ f l5d]sL d'ns
' eGbf k5fl8 k/]sf]
vf;u/L rLgeGbf k5fl8 k/]sf] dx;';
cfh ef/tdf ul/Fb5 } .
;fj{hlgs If]q g} ljZjsf s'g}
klg b]zdf cy{;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f
/ /fhgLlts l:y/tf / ;fdflhs
:yfloTjsf] klg cfwf/ ag]sf] b]Vg
;lsG5 . of] af6f] g} hgtGqnfO{{
;an / ;Ifd -8]lne/L lbg;Sg]
Ifdtf ePsf]_ agfpg ;lsg] s'/f
klg k|i6 g} 5 . cfh lasl;t
b]zx?lt/ cfFvf nufpFbf klg hxfF
;fa{lhs If]q ;an ?kdf /x]sf] 5,
ToxfF cfly{s ljsf; ePsf] 5,
nf]stGq ;xL lsl;dn] rNg] cfwf/
lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 clg /fhgLlts
:yfloTj klg t'ngfTds?df a9L
nfdf] ;do;Dd l6s]sf] 5 . of]
k'hF LjfbL b]zx?df klg 5 / of] s'g}
cfZro{sf] s'/f klg xf]Og, x'g'x'Fb}g .
;fj{ h lgs If] q oyfy{ t M cr] n
zf;sLo :jfldTjsf] ;Gbe{df pkof]u
ug] { ul/G5 g ls ;fj{ h lgs
:jfldTjsf] cy{df . cfhsf tdfd
lasl;t k'FhLjfbL b]zx?df lzIff /
:jf:Yo h:tf ;'lawfx? ;fj{hlgs
If]qx?d} 5|g\ . tL ljleGg ljsl;t
b]zx?df cfwf/e"t 9fFrf lghL If]q;Fu
/x]sf] 5}g .
l5d]sL ef/ts} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg]
klg ToxfF ;fj{hlgs If]qn] Pp6f
Aofks dWod ju{ tof/ u/]sf] 5,
h'g k/Dk/fut s[lif cy{Ao:yf /
cgf}krfl/s ahf/df ;Dej lyPg .
Tof] ;fj{hlgs If]q g} xf] h;n]
ef/tdf cly{s k|so[ fx?nfO{{ ;+ul7t
:j?k k|bfg u¥of] / yf]/} ;+Vofd} eP
klg cfly{s?kn] ;zQm ;+ul7t
If]qsf >dhLlj ju{ tof/ ul/lbof]
h;n] la:t/} la:tf/} dWod ju{sf]
?kdf cfk"mnfO{{ lasl;t t'Nofof] .
To; dWod ju{n] b]zdf pkef]u /
pTkfbgsf] k|s[ofnfO{{ ult lbP/
ahf/nfO{{ ;an t'Nofpgdf cxd\
e"ldsf v]n]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . xfn}sf
jif{x?df ljZjdf hlt hlt a]nf
cfly{s ;+s6 / dGbLsf] vt/f ;fd'df
cfof] ef/tnfO{{ To;af6 arfP/
/fVgdf klg ;fj{hlgs If]q, dWod
ju{ / s[ l if–s] l Gb| t u| f dL0f
cy{Aoj:yfsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] of]bfg
/x]sf] s'/f :yflkt eO;s]sf] 5 .
x'g klg ef/tdf ;fj{hlgs If]qsf]
Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfgsf af/]df
cfd?kdf Psbd} sd rrf{ ug]{
ul/G5 Tof] xf] ;fdflhs Gofo /
;d[l4s/0fsf] If]q . kms]/{ x]bf{ ef/t
P]ltxfl;s?kn] laleGg ;fdflhs
ju{x? vf;u/L hfltx?df ljeflht
;dfh /xFb} cPsf] xf] / ToxfF blnt,
cflbaf;L, lk5l8Psf] ju{ /
dlxnfx?sf] lzIff, /f]huf/L, p u/Ldf
tyf ca;/x?af6 pgLx?nfO{ {
al~rt /flvof] . olb :jflwgtfkl5
ef/tdf ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] dfWodn]
ljsf;sf] af6f] ckgfOb}gYof] eg]
;DaGw lyof] ls cfˆgf] ;fdflhs
cfly{s ca:yf kl5 kg'{sf sf/0fn]
of] ju{n] g /fd|f] lzIff g} xfl;n ug{
kfpFbYof] g t ;Ddfghgs /f]huf/L
g} xfl;n u/]/ cfly{s–;fdflhs
;dfgtfsf] To; :t/df k'Ug kfpFbYof]
hxfF w]/} dflg;x? cfh k'Ug ;kmn
ePsf 5g\\ .
cy{lj1x? eGb}5g\\ ls ef/t
h:tf b]zx?df ;fj{hlgs If]qsf] s'g}
;fy{s lasNk klg 5}g / To;nfO{{
x/ xfntdf arfO/fVg' cTofjZos
5 . of] ;fj{hlgs If]q s]jn cfly{s
ljsf; / ;DkGgtfsf] pks/0f dfq
klg xf]Og, o;nfO{{ t :jfwLgtf
;+ 3 if{ s f ;kgfx?, nf] s tGq /
;dflhs Gofo Pa+ ul/dfsf] dfWodsf
?kdf klg a'em\g' a'emfOg' kb{5 .
lgZro g} of] ;fj{hlgs If]qdf klg
cfnf]rgfeGbf dfly t 5}g / o;sf
;fd'df cg]s r"gf}ltx? klg caZo
5g\\, ltgsf] lg/fs/0f klg ug{ kb{5
/ ug{ ;lsG5 . t/, ljsf;sf]
cfwf/e" t hu a;fpg / bLuf]
ljsf;sf] af6f] klqmg / ;fk]lIft
;fdflhs :yfloTj tyf /fhgLlts
l:y/tfsf nflu ;d]t ;fj{hlgs
If]qsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf /x]sf]
cg'ejx? ;xL ;flat u/]sf 5g\\ .
5
g]skf s~rgk'/åf/f lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{{ 1fkg kq
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lhNnf ;ldlt s~rgk'/n] lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{no s~rgk'/nfO{{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] 5 . ;f]daf/ s~rgk'/ lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{nodf uPsf] g]skf s~rgk'/sf OGrfh{ lj/f6 ;L / ;lrj
lbjf/ ;L nufotsf] 6f]nLn] 1fkg kq a'emfPsf] xf]˜ . g]skfn] ef/taf6
cfpg] aGb]h nufOPsf vfB j:t' tyf t/sf/Lx¿sf] cfoftdf /f]s nufO{
g]kfnL s[ifsnfO{{ k|f]T;fxg lbg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{'kg]{ nufotsf dfux?
/fv]/ s~rgk'/ lhNnf l;l8of] uf]kfnk|;fb cof{nnfO{{ 1fkg kq a'emfPsf]
xf] . ;fy} g]skfn] lhNnf leq /x]sf hgtfsf hghLljsf;Fu hf]l8Psf ljifox¿
dxFuL, sfnf]ahf/L / e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ul/g'kg]{ / a}+s, n3'ljQ /
ld6/AofhLx?sf] cj}wwGbf, ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df l9nf;':tL ug]{ 7]sb] f/nfO{{
sf/afxL bfo/fdf Nofpg'kg]{ dfu;d]t u/]sf] 5 . pQm 1fkgkqsf dfunfO{{
;Daf]wg ub}{ lhNnf k|d'v clwsf/L cof{nn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qleq kg]{
ljifoj:t'nfO{{ ;dfwfg ug]{ atfP . ;fy} lhNnfdf /x]sf ;d:ofnfO{{ ;dfwfg
ug]{ g]skf;Fu ;d'Goj u/]/ cufl8 a9\g] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/] .
o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ s~rgk'/sf OGrfh{ lj/f6 ;L / ;lrj
lbjf/ ;Lsf] ;+oQ' m x:tfIf/df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no s~rgk'/nfO{{ a'emfPsf]
1fkgkq o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5Ú xfd|f] hglk|o tyf uf}/j;fnL kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ laut nfdf] ;dob]lv hgtGq, hghLljsf, /fli6«otf tyf ;'zf;gsf] nflu
lr/Gt/ ;+3if{df /x]sf] oxfx?nfO{ caut g} 5 . g]kfndf c;kmn ;flat e};s]sf]sf]
/ hah{:t nflb/x]sf] bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] sf/0f r/d /fli6«o /fhgLlt /
cfly{s ;+s6n] hgtfsf] hglhjg lbgfg'lbg si6s/ aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . cfh
oyfzL3| ;Djf]wg ug{ lhNnf kf6L{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 . olb hgtfsf] plrt dfu
;Daf]wg ug{ k|zf;g a]va/ ag] xfd|f] kf6L{ s8f sbd rfNg jfWo x'g5 ] .
!_ lhNnf leq eO/x]sf] j9\bf] dx+uL, sfnf]ahf/L, rsL a}+ssf] Aofhb/Ú
n3'ljQsf] pTkL8g / ld6/JofhLx?sf] cj}wwGbf t'?Gt lgoGq0f /f]s
nufO{ To:tf] sfo{df ;+UngnfO{{ sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg' kg]{ .
@_ lhNnf leq ls;fgx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf] s[lifhGo j:t' h:t} wfg, ux'F,
rfdn, bfn, t]n / t/sf/L d"No;lxt jhf/sf] Uof/]G6L ug{'kg]{ ;fy}
Dofb gf3]sf cvfB j:t'x¿sf] cg'udg u/L /f]Sg'kg]{ .
@_ ef/tjf6 cj}w ¿kdf cfoft x'g] b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t' tyf t/sf/Ldf
/f]s nufO{ g]kfnL s[ifsx?nfO{{ k|fT] ;fxg ug]{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{k' g]{ .
$_ lgdL0flwg /fli6«o uf}/jsf] cfof]hgf dxfsfnL k'n / dxfsfnL gx/ -
l;+rfO_ sf] u'0f:t/Lotf sfod ug{ ;lqmo kxnsb\dL lng'kg]{ ;fy}
ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf nfk/jfxL / u'0f:t/xLg sfd ug]{ lgdf{0f
sDklg tyf 7]s]bf/nfO{{ sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg' kg]{ .
%_ lzIff If]qdf eO/x]sf] z'Nsj[l4 / ;/sf/L ljBfnodf eO/x]sf]
nfk/afxLk|lt k|zf;gn] s8f sbd rfNg'kg]{ .
^_ :jf:Yo If]qdf eO/x]sf] u}/lhDd]jf/L–dflkmofs/0fdf /f]s nufpg'kg]{ ;fy}
btf{ gu/L ;~rfngdf cfPsf d]l8sn lSnlgsnfO{{ sf/jfxL ug{k' g]{ /
dxfsfnL k|fb]lzs c:ktfndf eO/x]sf] ctltoldttfnfO{{ lgoGq0f ug{k' g]{
&_ g]kfn ef/t ;Ldfgfsf u•frf}sL / a|xdb]jaf6 cfot ul/g] j:t'sf]
Sjf/]G6fOgdf u'0f:t/ r]s ul/g'kg]{ ;fy} ;fOsndf Jofkf/ u/L hLjg
u'hf/f ug]{x?nfO{{ ;xh ul/g'kg]{ .
*_ g]kfn / ef/t ;Ldfgfsf u•frf}sL / agaf;faf6 cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ ug]{
gful/snfO{{ ;xh?kdf cfjthfjt ug]{ jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ul/g'kg]{
ef/t ;/sf/;Fu ;dGjo u/L P;P;aL ug]{ g]kfnL gful/sk|ltsf]
HofbtLdf /f]s nufpg'kg]{ .
(_ dxfsfnL gbL, r'/] If]q / lhNnf leqsf gbLx?df cj}w ?kdf eO/x]sf]
lu§L, 9'Ëf, jfn'jf tyf jgk}bfjf/ pTvgg\df /f]s nufpg'kg]{ .
!)_ ;Ldfgfsfaf6 cj}w ?kdf x'g] nfu" cf}ifw cfoft tyf dfgj t:s/ /
r]nL–a]6L j]rljvgdf s8fOk"js { lgoGq0f ul/g'kg]{ .
!!_ b}hL a]N8f+8L ;8sv08 lgdf{0fdf eO/x]sf] l9nf;':tL cg'udg u/L
7]sb] f/nfO{{ sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg' kg]{ .Ú
@)*) ;fndf lbOg] ;fj{hlgs labfsf] ;"rL k|sflzt
sf7df8f}F+ . u[x dGqfnon] lj=;+= @)*) df lbOg] ;fj{hlgs labfsf]
;"rL ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . zlgaf/ afx]s jif{el/df lbOg] ;fj{hlgs labfdf
o;k6s dfcf]jfbLsf] hgo'4 lbj; klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . bz}d + f ^ lbg
/ ltxf/df % nfdf] labf k/]sf 5g\\ . @)*) df zlgaf/ afx]s #% lbg labf
x'g] ePsf] 5 . u[x dGqfnon] /fhkqdf k|sflzt u/]sf] labfsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf
@$ j6f ;fj{hlgs labfsf lbgdf eg] ;/sf/L sfof{nox? v'nf /xg] hgfOPsf]
5 . ;/sf/L sfof{no vf]Ng] labfsf lbgx?df !$ j6f rf8 kj{ labf, $ j6f
hfqf labf, $ j6f lbj; labf / @ j6f hoGtL labf /x]sf 5g\\ .
a}zfv k"l0f{dfsf] pef}nL kj{, /IffaGwg, >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dL / bz}s + f] 36:yfkgfsf
lbg ;/sf/L sfof{no v'nf /xg] 5g\\ . o;}u/L, lqm;d;, pwf}nL kj{, wfGo k"l0f{df,
td" Nxf];f/, df3L, ;f]gd Nxf];f/, dxflzj/fqL, UofNkf] Nxf];f/, O{b / as/ O{bdf
klg ;/sf/L sfof{no v'nf /xg] hgfOPsf] 5 .
o:t}, sf7df8f}+ F pkTosfdf dfq lbOg] ufO{hfqf, OGb|hfqf, ef]6f] hfqf / 3f]8h
] fqfdf
klg sfof{no v'nf /xg] 5g\\ . o;}u/L, u0ftGq lbj;, hgo'4 lbj;, k|hftGq lbj;
/ gf/L lbj;df klg ;/sf/L sfof{no v'nf /xg] 5g\\ . a'4 hoGtL / /fli6«o Pstf
lbj;sf lbg klg ;/sf/L sfof{no v'nf /xg] ;"rgfdf pNn]v 5 .
 6 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
dfcf]jfbL=====
ef/tsf] lk7\7" afa'/fdsf] nf]stGqsf]
gf/fn] ;w}F lsrnf] eO/Xof] .
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4 qmflGtsf/L
nfOgsf e/df ePsf] lyof] . qmflGtsf
a]nf ;+u7gsf] :j¿k ;]gf / qmflGtsf]
:j¿k ;z:q x'g] ePsfn] nfvf}
hg;d"xaf6 dflg;x¿ cfP klg
l;4fGt eGbf k|fljlws qmflGtdf hf]8
lbg] ePsfn] qmflGtsf] a]nf l;4fGtdf
sd / c:qdf a9L an x'g] g} eof] .
PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf ljZjnfO{{ rlst
kfb{} qmflGt cl3 a9\of] . hgo'4sf]
;f}Gbo{n] ljZj ;flxTodf atfPsf]
eGbf klg prfO{ lnO/x]sf] lyof] .
h;/L dfn]n] qmflGtsf/L nfOg kf;
u/L cnkq 5f8]/ ;+;bLo af6f]df
uPsf] lyof] . ca ;+;bLo af6f]df
nfUbf JolQmut enfO{{ x'G5 eGg] u|GyL
k|r08–afa'/fddf knfPsf] lyof] .
afa'/fd aflx/ k|rf/df lyP . k|r08
eGg] sf] xf] < hgdfg; nfO{{ yfxf
lyPg . ;+;bLo kmfF6df kk'/fln6Lsf]
a9L dxTj x' G 5, k| r 08nfO{ {
kk'/fln6Lsf] /f]un] ;dfTof] . ;aeGbf
klxnf @)%% ;fndf kf6L{ s f]
lj:tfl/t a}7s u/L g]tT[ j :yflkt
ug{] gfddf cfkm\gf] kmf]6f] k|rf/ u/]/
k|r08n] ;+;bLo kmfF6df v'§f /fVg
;'¿ u/]sf lyP . @)%& ;fndf
kf6L{sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng u/L
k"j{ dfn]sf] nfOgaf6 k"j{ rf}yf]
dxflwj] z gsf] nfOg–uf] n d] r
;Dd] n g, cGtl/d ;/sf/,
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf cjt/0f
u/fpg ;kmn eP . dfcf] j fbL
qmflGtsf] k|ltqmflGtdf kl/0ft x'g]
qmdsf] ;'¿jft oxL+af6 ePsf] lyof] .
hgo' 4 ;' ¿ ubf{ kf6L{ ; F u
qmflGtsf/L nfOgafx] s c¿
;+u7gfTds zlQm / ef}lts zlQm
Go"g lyof] . nfOg 7Ls eP ;a} 7Ls
x'G5 eGg] dfcf]sf] egfO /fd|} nfu"
eof] . hgo'4 ;'¿ ePsf] kfFr jif{
leqdf cfwf/ Onfsf, hg;] g f,
hgsDo'gx¿ ag] . hg;]gfx¿n]
/utsf] df]ndf ;]gf k'ln;af6 xhf/f}
xftxltof/ vf];] . ;]gf k'ln;x¿nfO{{
lgz:q / hgtfnfO{{ ;z:q kfg{] sfd
eof] . o'4n] o'4 l;sfpg] lgod
cg';f/ sfnLsf]6sf dlxnfx¿n]
;d] t k' l n;sf xltof/ vf] ; ] /
dfcf] j fbLnfO{ { a' e mfP . dlxnf
aGbLx¿n] h]na|]s u/]/ qmflGtdf
kmls{P . o:tf] cb\et" 36gf cGoqsf
qmflGtdf kfOFbg} . kf6L{df qmflGtdfq
b]Vg] k|ltqmflGtsf] z+sf g} gug{]
clte"tjfbL g]t[Tjn] hgtfsf] pRr
alnbfgLaf6 k| f Kt pknAwLnfO{ {
k| r 08sf] axfb' / Lsf] kl/0ffddf
kl/eflift ug{ k'Uof] / k|r08ky kf;
u/L k|r08nfO{{ k|flwsf/ agfpg
k'Uof] . ;fd"lxs g]t[Tjsf] cGt eP/
k|r08 o'usf] ;'¿jft eof] . To;kl5
;/sf/;Fu jftf{ / qmflGt ;Fu;Fu}
rNb} uP . hftLo ;Ë7gx¿ aGg
;'¿ eof] / hftLo /fHosf] cjwf/0ff
cfof] . k|r08n] rfF8} g} qmflGtnfO{{
6'ªU\ ofpg rfxGy] . kf6L{df k|r08n]
O{Zj/Lo zlQm cfh{g u/]sf lyP .
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] dltof/
afa' / fdn] hgo' 4 nfO{ { ef/tsf]
;xfotfdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdf
cjt/0f u/fpg rfxGy] . k|r08n]
a¿ /fhf;Fu ldn]/ nf]stGqjfbL
;+;bLo bnx¿nfO{{ kfvf kf/L ;Qf
k|fKt ug{ rfxGy] . bf];|f] /fli6«o
;Dd]ngkl5 hg;]gf, hg;d"xx¿
hgu0ftGqsf] nIo /fvL cl3
al9/x]sf lyP eg] d'Vo g]t[Tj
ef/t;Fu ldNg] ls /fhf;Fu ldNg]
eGg] emu8fdf lyof] . o;n] ubf{ bf];f| ]
/fli6«o ;Dd]ngkl5 w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt
eof] . cGt/lj/f]wdf v]n]/ ef/tn]
ef/tdf ;]N6/ lnP/ a;]sf k|r08
nufotsf g]tfx¿dfly lgu/fgL
a9fPkl5 k| r 08 :jb] z kms{ ] .
;/sf/nfO{{ bafj lbP/ jftf{ ug{ afWo
kfg{ k| r 08 :jod\ cfkm} F vf/f
cfqmd0fdf ;l/s eP . ;aeGbf w]/}
Iflt o; cfqmd0fdf eof] . k|r08n]
/fhfnfO{{ l;+xfg's agfP/ ;+;bLo
bnx¿nfO{{ kfvf nufO{ ;Qf xftkfg{
rfxGy] . Ps lsl;dn] ;kmn x'Fb}
uPsf klg lyP . /fhf la/]Gb|sf] j+z
gf;kl5 of] ;Defjgf ;lsof] . /fhf;Fu
ldNgsf nflu ef/t k/:t
afa'/fdnfO{{ sf/jfxL u/]/ ef/t;Fu
n8\g eGb} ;'¿ª\u o'4sf gfddf
;'?ªx? klg vgfPsf lyP . Psftkm{
vf/f cfqmd0faf6 k|r08 cftª\lst
lyP eg] gofF /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] ;+;bjfbL
bnx¿ / dfcf]jfbLnfO{{ Pp6} 8fnf]df
/fVg] d"v{tf u/] . ca k|r08 h;/L
klg hgo'4nfO{{ cjt/0f u/fpg]
WofpGgdf lyP . 9'nd'n] dxTjsfª\IfL
lgGgdWod juL{ o rl/q ePsf
k|r08sf] g]t[Tjdf bzf}+ xhf/sf]
alnbfg ePsf] lyof] . xhf/f}+ a]kQf
lyP, nfvf}n + ] b'Mvsi6 kfPsf lyP
tfklg ufpFsf ufpF d'Qm ePsf lyP .
hg;/sfx¿ ag]sf lyP . o'jfx¿
xltof/n] ;';lHht ePsf lyP .
;fdGt, zf]ifsx¿n] ufpF 5f8]sf
lyP . hftLo lje]bx¿ x6\b} uPsf
lyP . ufpF d f x' g ] ;fdflhs
ljs[ltx¿–h'jftf;, dlb/f ;]jgaf6
x}/fg dlxnfx¿n] /fxt dx;'; u/]sf
lyP . PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ;dfhjfbL
o'usf] g]tT[ j g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -
dfcf]jfbL_n] u/]sf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4 pTsif{df lyof] . dfcf]jfbL
hgo' 4 n] hgtfsf cfwf/e" t
cfjZostfsf af/]df sfd u/]sfn]
hgdt dfcf]jfbL kIfdf b]vf k/]sf]
lyof] . s' g } tl/sfn] dfcf] j fbL
hgo'4nfO{{ ;+;bLo kmfF6df cjt/0f
u/fpg ;s] ;+;bLo kmfF6df cfkm\gf]
ar{Zj sfod ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]
cg'dfg k|r08df lyof] . cjt/0f
u/fpg Tolt ;lhnf] lyPg . /fhf
1fg]Gb|n] ;+;bLo bndfly cfqmd0f
u/]kl5 ;+;bjfbL bnsf g]tfx¿
k|r08;Fu ;xsfo{sf] gf/f lnP/ k'u] .
k|r08n] o;nfO{{ /fd|} k|of]u u/] . olt
a]nf;Dd cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb /
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbåf/f kflnt–kf]lift
3/]n' k|ltlqmofjfb g]kfnL hgtfsf]
d'Vo b'Zdg xf] eGb} cfPsf]df cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfb d'Vo b'Zdg ls6fg u/L
ef/tnfO{{ b'Zdgsf] 3]/f aflx/ kf/] .
kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sld6L k|r08sf] df}hf
h:tf] lyof], pgn] eg]kl5 ;f]xL
eOxfNof] .
ef/tk/:tsf] cf/f]kdf dfcf]jfbL
;}Go lzlj/df ;hfo sfl6/x]sf
afa'/fd / lng Kofcf]jfbL cf/f]k
nfu]sf jfbn;Fu unf ldnfpg k'u] .
pgLx¿sf] ldqtf Ps cfk;df ePsf
lttfld7f s'/fx¿ ;}4flGts geP/
c;dembf/Lsf] sf/0f xf] eGb} Psn]
csf{nfO{{ ;dft]/ ¿Fbf g]tfsfo{stf{n]
k|ltudgsf] af6f] xf] eGg] yfxf g}
kfPgg\ . k|r08nfO{{ ;+zf]wgjfbL
lsQfdf hfg afFb/nfO{{ ln:gf] h:tf]
gLlt sfo{qmd– uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng,
cGtl/d ;/sf/, ;+ljwfg;efsf]
r'gfj bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] tof/
kfl/lbPsf] lyof] . r'gjfË a}7sdf
o;} ln:gf]nfO{{ k|of]u u/L nf]stflGqs
u0ftGqsf] af6f] to u/] . afa'/fdnfO{{
ef/t k7fP/ !@ a'bF ] ;Demf}tf agfpg]
sfd nufP . !@ a'Fb] ;Demf}tfdf
k|r08sf] x:tfIf/ dfq xf] o;sf
k|flwsf/ afa'/fd x'g\ . To;kl5 t
1fg]Gb|nfO{{ unfpg ;b/d'sfdx¿df
cfqmd0f ug{ k|r08nfO{{ sfFu; ]| n] klg
cg'/f]w ug{ yfn]sf lyP . !( lbg]
hgcfGbf] n gkl5 ePsf] zflGt
;Demf}tfaf6} dfcf]jfbL hgo'4 ;dfKt
ePsf] lyof] .
To;kl5 k|r08sf] d'vdf ;z:q
ljb|fx] , lbdfudf ;+;bLo ;Qfsf] nf]en]
sfd ug{ yfNof] . To; kl5sf a}7sdf
lemgf] :j/df k|r08sf] lj/f]wdf
:j/x¿ cfpg yfn] s f lyP .
;+ljwfg;ef d'Vo nIo ePsfn] ;a}sf]
Wofg Tot} uof] . d'Vo g]t[Tjsf
ln8/x¿ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjdf
gp7]/ bf];|f] jf t];|f] al/otf qmdsf
sf8/x¿nfO{{ pd]b\jf/ agfpg] /
klxnf] al/otfsf ln8/x¿n] lgb{z ] g
lgu/fgL /fv]/ kf6L{n] ;+;bLo kmfF6df
efu lnP klg kf6L{nfO{{ ;+;bLo kmfF6df
hfgaf6 /f]Sg] lg0f{o klxnf ePsf]
lyof] . ha ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj
x'g] eof] k|r08, afa'/fd, ls/0f,
jfbn, uh'/]n ;a} pd]bjf/ ag] .
kb k|flKtsf a]nf ls/0f ;d]t cl8g
;s]gg\, en} al/otfqmd gldNbf kl5
;+ljwfg;ef ;b:oaf6 kl5 x6] . a¿
qmflGtnfO{{ kv{]/ ljKnj nufotsf
bf];|f] txsf g]tfx¿ a;] .
To;kl5 ePsf a} 7 sx¿df
k|r08n] k]; ug{] b:tfj]hsf] lj?4
ls/0fn] leGg b:tfj]h Nofpg yfn] .
k|r08n] ls/0fsf] b:tfj]hdf ;xdlt
ug{] / sfd cfkm\g} 9Ën] ul//x] .
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf k|r08, ls/0fsf]
nueu a/fa/ ;+Vofdf ;b:ox¿
lyP . kf6L{df ls/0fsf] hgo'4sf]
hudf hgljb|f]x eGg] nfOg kf;
ePsf] lyof] . cfkm\gf] nfOgcg';f/
kf6L{ n fO{ { cl3 a9fpg' s f] ;§f
k|r08nfO{{ bafa lbP/ k|r08af6}
qmflGtnfO{ { cl3 a9fpg vf] H bf
k| r 08n] ;z:q ljb| f ] x sf nflu
hg;fu/sf] cfjZostf k5{ eGb}
gf/fo0fsfhL nufot;Fu kf6L{ Pstf
/ u' 0 8f, e| i 6, bnfnk' F h Lklt,
7u7]sb] f/x¿ dfcf]jfbLsf] zlQmnfO{{
pkof]u u/]/ s's[To ug{ rfxg] 7"nf]
kª\ltnfO{{ dfcf]jfbLdf ;dfj]; u/] .
kf6L{leq qmflGtsf/Lx¿ lg/Lx x'Fb}
uP . kf6L{sf] gLltcg';f/ cl3 a9]sf]
eP ljho jf ljgfz b'a} ;Defjgf
x'GYof] t/ k|r08nfO{{ kfvf kf/]kl5
qmflGtn] af6f] lng] 5 eGg]
dgf]utjfbdf ls/0f kIf nfUof] .
wf]aL3f6 e]nf u/]/ k|r08sf] 7fpFdf
afa'/fdnfO{{ k|wfg dGqL agfpFbf ;xh
x'g] ljZn]if0f ug{ k'Uof] . t/ afa'/fd
k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 ls/0fx?nfO{{ kfvf
nfP/ Psnf}6L zf;g ug{ yfn] .
k|r08–afa'/fd ldn]/ hg;]gfnfO{{
;/sf/L ;]gfn] cwLg ul/;s]kl5 ls
nfrf/ 5fof eP/ kf6L{df a:g' kg{]
ls ljb|fx] u/]/ kf6L{ k'gu{7g ug{'
kg{] jfWoftf qmflGtsf/L kIfnfO{{ eof] .
qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] s= ls/0fsf] g]tT[ jdf
bf];f| ] af6f] /f]h] . k'gu{7g ubf{ gLlt–
sfo{qmddf Jofks 5nkmn u/L gofF
sfo{lbzf lgdf{0f u/]/ g]tT[ jdf ;d]t
cbn abn u/]sf] eP kf6L{n] ult
lng] lyof]f: . /fli6«o ;Dd]ng jf ;ftf}+
dxflwj]zg ubf{ klg kf6L{sf] gfd
abn]/ 8\of; dfcf]jfbL agfpg' eGbf
Pdfcf]jfbLsf] eGbf km/s s'g} gLlt
sfo{qmd cfPg . h;/L klxnf dzfn
d;fn b'a} Pp6} gLlt sfo{qmddf
rn]sf lyP To:t} 8\of; dfcf]jfbL /
Pdfcf]jfbL klg x'g k'u] . k'm6sf]
;fy;fy} pg} k|r08;Fusf] Pstfsf
s'/fx¿ cfP . bf];f| ] ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
r'gfj ;zQm alx:sf/ ug{] gLlt agfP
tfklg x'g ;s]g . r'gfj ;zQm
alx:sf/ ug{ o'jfx¿n] u/]sf] k|of;sf]
klg cfnf] r gf eof] . r' g fj
alx:sf/sf] qmddf /fd] 5 fkdf
o'jfx¿n] k'ln;;Fu vf];]sf] xltof/
kf6L{} gLlt lj/Lt ePsf]n] Ifdfofrgf
;lxt lkmtf{ ul/of] . ha o'jfx¿sf]
g]t[Tj ub{} ljKnjn] kf6L{df 5'§}
b:tfj] h k] ; u/] , ls/0fn]
5nkmn;Dd ug{ lbPgg\ . oxL lgx'
agfP/ o'jfx¿ lnP/ ljKnjn] 5'§}
kf6L{ k'gu{7g u/] . o;/L b'O{ tLg
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
jif{ leqdf hgo'4sf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{
tLg lr/fdf ljeflht eof] .
k| r 08sf] g] t [ T jdf /x] s f]
Pdfcf]jfbLn] ;ftf}F dxflwj]zg u/L
zflGt, ;+ljwfg / ;d[l4sf] gf/f kf;
u/]/ qmflGtsf/L gf/f klg 5f8\of] .
kl5 ls/0fsf] kf6L{nfO{{ cNkdtdf kfb{}
jfbn k|r08;Fu Pstf ug{ k'u] .
kf6L{sf] gfd abnL dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|
aGg k'Uof] . ktgsf] >[+vnf kf/ ub{}
Pdfn];Fu Psfsf/ eof] / tLg rf/
jif{sf] ;do dbg e08f/Lsf] hgtfsf]
ax'bnLo hgjfbdf /dfof] . xfn
sfFu; ]| ;Fu ;Qf ;fem]bf/L ub{} Pd;L;L
kf; u/]/ ;fd|fHojfbL cd]l/sfsf]
lsQfdf k'u]sf] 5 . ljKnjnfO{{ kf6L{
leq leGgdtsf] b:tfj] h dfly
5nkmn;Dd ug{ glbPsf] 8\of;
dfcf]jfbLn] ljKnjsf] alxu{dg kl5
cGo kf6L{;Fu Pstfsf] k|of; u¥of],
h;df g] k fn sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ -
PsLs[t_ / k|r08sf] kf6L{ lyP .
g] s kf -PsLs[ t _n] dfcf] j fbL
hgo'4nfO{{ Anf+sLjfbL, cftª\sjfbL
lqmofsnfk dfGbYof] . hgo'4nfO{{
:jLsf/ ug{] s'/fdf jftf{df klg ;xdt
lyPg . dfcf]jfbk|lt klg ladlt
lyof] . olt xFb' fx'bF } klg s'g} ;Dd]ng
jf lj:tfl/t a}7sdf ;d]t kf; gu/L
jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿n] hgo'4sf]
af/]df ax; ub{} hfg], dfcf]jfb–
dfcf]ljrf/wf/f b'a} /fVg], hgo'4sf]
hudf hgljb|f]x eGg] /fhg}lts
gf/fnfO{{ km]/]/ hgljb|f]x dfq eGg],
b'a} kf6L{sf] gfd g/fv]/ g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
/fVg] zt{df kf6L{ Pstf eof] .
;aeGbf qmflGtsf/L dflgPsf s=
ls/0fsf] g]t[Tjsf] kf6L{df hgo'4sf
af/]df 7Ls ls a]7Ls eg]/ ax;
rnfpg' ;aeGbf e2f sfd eof] .
;f]xL Pstf k|lqmofsf] jftf{6f]nLn]
k|r08;Fu klg lagf;t{ Pstf ug{]
lg0f{o u¥of] . s= ls/0fsf] c;xdlt
kl5 jfbnn] ax'dt h'6fP/ k|r08;Fu
Pstf ug{ k' u ] . clxn] g] k fn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
kf6L{ s f] dfu{ l gb{ ] z s l;4fGt
dfS;{ j fb–n] l ggjfb–dfcf] j fb–
dfcf]ljrf/wf/f / qmflGtsf] :j¿k
;z:q ljb|fx] / gofF hgjfb Go'gtd
sfo{qmd 5 .
ljKnjn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cf7f}F dxflwj]zg
u/L dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbnfO{{
kf6L{sf] dfu{lgb{]lzs l;4fGt dfg]sf]
5 . PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf dfWodn]
j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbnfO{ { Go' g td
sfo{qmd atfPsf] 5 . kf6L{ lgdf{0f,
k|of]u / ljsf;nfO{{ ;Fu;Fu} nfg]
gLltcg';f/ kf6L{ ;+u7g / PS;gnfO{{
;Fu;Fu} nfg] qmddf sl/a ;f9] b'O{
jif{ kf6L{ k|ltjGwdf klg k¥of] . afx|
hgf g]kfnL ;k'tx¿sf] ;xfbt klg
eof] . xfn k|ltjGw x6]sf] 5 tfklg
cem} s}of}+ g]tf–sfo{stf{ h]ndf 5g\\ .
;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] k|ltj4tf k"/f u/]sf]
5} g . clxn] of] kf6L{ klg
hgcfGbf]ngdf 5 .
qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ ;d" x x¿ aLr
Pstfsf] cfjZostf
/fli6« o tf, hgtGq /
hghLljsfsf ;d:ofx¿ xn ub{}
gofFhgjfbsf] af6f] xF'b} j}1flgs
;dfhjfb ;fDojfbdf k' U g]
sDo'lg:6x¿sf] d'Vo nIo xf] .
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
g]kfnsf] /fli6«otfdf ;'uf}nL ;lGwb]lv
:vng ;'¿ eP/ ef/t;Fu ePsf
!(%) sf] c;dfg ;lGw x'Fb} sf]zL
;Demf}tf, u08s ;Demf}tf, !(^% sf]
;}Go ;lGw, dxfsfnL ;lGw, ck/ sf]zL
;Demf}tf / laKkf ;Demf}tfåf/f k|ToIf
¿kdf ef/tsf] cwLg:y x'g k'us ] f]
lyof] . ljZj ;fd|fHojfbL zlQmx¿n]
kbf{ k5fl8af6 k|efj km}nfO{/x]sf
lyP . xfn cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn]
cfly{s ;xof]u / ljsf;sf] gfddf
g]kfnsf] ;+;baf6} cfkm\gf] ;}Go
/0fgLlt Pd=;L=;L= kf; u/fpg
;kmn ePsf] 5 . hgdf]rf{, dhb'/
ls;fg kf6L{ h:tf s]xL ;fgf bnx¿
/ 7" n fbnx¿sf ;Lldt
JolQmx¿afx] s ;Dk" 0 f{ ;bgn]
Pd=;L=;L= ;j{;Ddt ¿kdf kf; u/L
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbnfO{{ g]kfndf l;w}
k|jz
] u/fPsf 5g\\ . c;+nUg k//fi6«
gLltdf klg km]/abn u/]sf 5g\\ .
¿;–o'qm]g o'4sf] ;jfndf rLg,
ef/t, h:tf zlQm ;DkGg b]zx¿n]
kIf–ljkIfdf dt hfx]/ gu/]sf]
cj:yfdf klg g]kfnn] cfkm\gf] dt
o'qm]gsf] kIfdf hfx]/ u/]/ cd]l/sL
SofDkdf cfk"mnfO{{ k'¥ofPsf 5g\\ .
o:tf] ;ª\s6sf] 38Ldf qmflGtsf/L
dfcf]jfbL ;d"xaLr kf6L{ Pstf g}
u/] / cGo b] z eQm, /fi6« j fbL
zlQmx¿;Fu ;xsfo{ ub{} /fli6«otfsf]
n8fO{+ n8\g' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
cfh g]kfndf hgtf qmflGtsf kIfdf
5g\\ . hgtfnfO{{ g]tT[ j ug{] sDo'lg:6
kf6L{x? klg 5g\\ t/ u'6 pku'6 eP/
/x]sf] x'bF f bnfn k'h
F LjfbL zlQm ;jn
/ qmflGtsf/L zlQm lgj{n b]lvPsf]
5 . xfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfeGbf aflx/
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb dfGg]
dfcf]jfbL lj/f;tsf ljKnjn] g]tT[ j
u/]sf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
5g\\ . To; afx]s dfcf]ljrf/wf/f dfGg]
d;fn nufot cGo ;d"xx¿ klg
5g\\ . logLx¿sf aLrdf kf6L{ Pstf
x'g g;Sg] s'g} sf/0f b]lv+b}g .
dfS;{jfb dfGg]x¿ ef}ltsjfbL x'gk' 5{,
ju{;{ 3
+ if{af6 cl3 a9\gk' 5{, ;z:q
o'4df hf]8 lbg'k5{, pTkLl8t ju{s { f]
/fHo;Qf :yfkgf ug{] nIfsf ;fy
cl3 a9\gk' 5{ eGg]df cjZo} s;}sf]
km/s dt x'Fb}g xf]nf .
kf6L{ ;Ë7g s:tf] agfpg] eGg]
;jfndf n]lggn] ljsf; u/]sf] ;+u7g
k4ltdf s;}sf] ljdlt gxf]nf . ;Qfsf
nflu x'g] ;+3if{df ;j{xf/f ju{{;Fu
;+u7gafx]s cGo xltof/ xF'b}g .
To;}a]nf dfq kf6L{n] ;j{xf/f ju{{sf]
;+3if{sf] ;kmntfk"js { g]tT[ j ug{ ;S5
ha o;sf ;b:ox¿ Ps} bndf
Psj4 ePsf x'G5g\,\ Pp6} sfdgf,
sfo{ / cg'zf;gåf/f afFlwPsf x'G5g\,\
ha kf6L{ qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtåf/f
;';lHht x'G5g\,\ s/f]8f}+ hg;d"x;Fu
cfkm\gf] ;DaGw a9fPsf x'G5g\,\ ;a}sf
nflu Ps} lsl;dsf] cg'zf;g x'G5,
cNkdtn] ax'dtsf] sb/ ug{] x'G5,
tNnf ;Ë7gx¿n] dflyNnf]
;Ë7gx¿sf] cfb] z dfGg] x' G 5,
clgjfo{ ¿kdf ;a} kf6L{ cª\ux¿sf]
lgjf{rg ul/Psf] x'G5, ;a}n] clgjfo{
¿kdf l/kf]6{ k]; ug{] x'G5, cfnf]rgf
/ cfTdfnf]rgf ljsf; ul/Psf]
x'G5 . oL n]lggsf] kf6L{ ;Ë7g
;DaGwL s'/fx¿ dfGg]x¿df kf6L{
Pstf lsg x'g ;Qm}g < qmflGtnfO{{
lg/Gt/tf lbg] dfcf]sf] l;4fGtnfO{{
dfg]kl5 l;4fGtdf av]8f lemSg' kg{]
s'g} sf/0f 5}g .
clxn] ;Ddsf] Oltxf; ju{ {
;+ 3 if{ s f] Oltxf; xf] eGg] s' / f
dfGg]x¿n] ljutdf g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] u/]sf ;z:q jf lgz:q
cfGbf]ngnfO{{ clgjfo{ ¿kdf dfg]df
lajfb /xg] 5}g . @))* ;fnsf]
ls;fg cfGbf]ng, eLdbQ kGtn]
rnfPsf] ls;fg cfGbf] n g,
emfkfnLx¿n] u/]sf] emfkf ljb|f]x,
;j{xf/fjfbL >lds ;Ë7gn] u/]sf]
h'u]8L, vlgofaf;, k'lt{3f6 sf08 /
dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] bzjif{] hgo'4 g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf ;DklQ x'g\ .
bzf}+ xhf/n] ;xfbt k|fKt u/]/
g]kfndf u0ftGq Nofpg] e"ldsf lgjf{x
u/]sf] pTs[i6 dfcf]jfbL hgo'4nfO{{
:jLsf/ ug{ sGh' : ofOF ug{ ] s]
sDo'lg:6 x'g ;S5 < l;4fGt /
Jojxf/sf s'/fx¿ log} x'g\ .
g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] cy{/fhgLlt,
;fdflhs kl/j]z / ljZj /fhg}lts
kl/j]zsf] cfwf/df sfo{gLlt to ug{]
xf] . ¿;df cfkm\g} kl/j]zdf Ps}
k6sdf ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ePsf]
lyof] . To;/L cGt st} ePg . rLgdf
klg cfkm\g} kl/j]zdf gofF hgjfb
:yfkgf ePsf] lyof] To;/L g} cGoq
ePg . clxn] g]kfndf gofF hgjfb
ls j}1flgs ;dfhjfb eg]/ sf]/f
ax;sf] cfjZostf 5}g . g]kfn
Psftkm{af6 x]bf{ cw{;fdGtjfbL /
gjpklgj] z b] l vG5 t/ ;Qf
bnfnk'h F LjfbL zlQmsf] xftdf 5 .
;fdflhs ;+/rgf bnfn k'h F LjfbL g}
5 . hgjfbL Joj:yf klxnf] ;t{ t
x'g;Snf t/ hgjfbn] k'h F Lsf] ljsf;
u/]/ ;dfhjfbdf k'Ug] s'/f sNkgf
dfq b]lvG5 . lsgls bnfn k|sf/sf]
eP klg k'h F Ljfb g]kfndf cfO;s]sf]
5 . clxn]sf] ;dfhn] bnfn k'h F Ljfbsf]
eP klg h'g pkof]u ul//x]sf] 5
To;af6 kl5 kms{g rfxGg . b]zdf
snsf/vfgf Go"g 5g\,\ b}lgs sdfpg]
dhb"/sf] ;+Vof sd 5 tfklg g]kfnL
o' j f ljZj k' F h Lahf/df dhb" / L
ul//x]sf 5g\\ . To;}n] ubf{ gofF
hgjfbnfO{{ 6]s/] j}1flgs ;dfhjfb
cfhsf] Go'gtd sfo{qmd x'gk' 5{ eGg]
/ gofF hgjfb Go'gtd sfo{qmd x'gk' 5{
eGg] s'/fdf slrª\unsf] s'g} cy{ 5}g .
v'nf ax;–5nkmn u/]/ clxn]sf]
g]kfnsf] kl/l:ylt cg';f/sf] gLlt
sfo{qmd agfpg ;lsG5 . hxfF;Dd
g]tT[ jsf] k|Zg 5 ljrf/df kl/kSs
eP tfklg krf;f}+ jif{ g]tT[ j ubf{ klg
g qmflGt ;kmntfdf k'/fpg ;Sg] g
g]tT[ j 5f8\g ;Sg] x'g' x'bF g} . gofF
k':tfnfO{{ g]tT[ j x:tfGt/0f ub{} k'/fgf]
k':' tfn] lgb{z] g ;Nnfx lb+b} qmflGtnfO{{
cl3 a9fpg' k5{ . o;f] u/]df kf6L{
Pstf klg x'G5 / qmflGt klg l56}
;DkGg ug{ ;lsG5 . pkNnf] k':tfn]
cem} cfkm\g} ultdf qmflGt xfFs/] qmflGt
;DkGg u5f{+} eGg" qmflGtnfO{{ cem} kl5
ws]Ng' x'g5 ] . tNnf] k':tfn] eGbf
pkNnf] k':tfn] a9L ;f]rljrf/ u/]df
kf6L{ Pstf ;Dej 5 / cGo bnfn
;d"xdf /x]sf qmflGtsf/Lx¿ klg
w|j' Ls[t x'g] cfzf knfpg]5 . ax;
5nkmnnfO{ { hf] 8 lbpF ,
qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf] Pp6} kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf]
af6f]df cl3 a9f} Û gofF hgjfbdf 6]Sb}
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL qmflGt k"/f u/f}+ Û
 @)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
dfcf]jfbL – sDo'lg:6 df]rf{aGbLaf/] c/fhs tTjx?nfO{{ sf/jfxL vf]O{ <
lxhf]–cfh k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn
bfxfn …k|r08Ú sf] gfddf ;jf]{Rr
cbfntn] hgo'4sfnLg d'2f cufl8
a9fPkl5 dfcf]jfbLsf] df]rf{aGbL b]vf
k/]sf] 5 eg] gofF sDo'lg:6 jf
;dfhjfbL s]Gb|sf] ax; klg d'vl/t
ePsf] 5 . of] ;jfndf @–# j6f
dfcf]jfbL 36s eg] ;femf jQmJodf
k|of]u x'g] / ug]{ s]xL zAbfjnL gldn]sf]
eGb} cnu ePsf 5g\ . To;}n] of]
ljifodf :ki6 x'g cfjZos 5 .
k| r 08 dfly d' 2 f lsg <
k|r08 -k|wfgdGqL_ dfly d'2f
nf] s tGqsf] ;' G b/tf xf] O g ls
k|ltqmflGtsf] Aoaxfl/s cleJolQm
xf] . of] d'2f hgo'4sfnLg k|r08nfO{{
ck/fwL ;fljt u/]/ bl08t ug]{ /
zflGtsfnLg k|r08sf] ljrng /
ktgsf] kl/If0f ug]{ xltof/ xf] . of]
hgo' 4 nfO{ { ck/fw ;fljt u/] /
hgo'4df ;xefuL ;a}nfO{{ ck/fwL
agfO{ ;hfo lbg] k|lqmofsf] z'¿jft
xf] . of] sDo' l g:6 ab\ g fd u/L
Psfk;df n8fO, ljgfz ug]{ / To;sf]
z'¿jft dfcf]jfbLaf6 ug]{ e"d08nLo
k'FhLjfbL /0fgLltsf] Ps lx:;f xf] .
of] b] z / hgtfsf ;d:ofx?
;dfwfgfy{ dfcf]jfbL – sDo'lg:6
nufot ;a} ;Rrf b] z eQm /
nf]stflGqs zlQmx?aLr xfl;n
ug{ ' k g] { alnof] /fli6« o Pstfsf]
;+ e fjgfsf] cGTo ug] { j} w flgs
cleJolQm xf] . of] hgo' 4 /
hgcfGbf]ngsf] clg lj:t[t zflGt
;Demf}tfsf] dd{ / efjgflj?4 åGåsf]
Aofkf/ ug]{ k'hF LjfbL o'4sf Aofkf/Lsf]
/0fgLlts of]hgfsf] lx:;f xf] . of]
g]kfnnfO{{ Oltxf;sf] k'aL{ o'/f]k jf
klZrd\ afËfn / at{dfgsf] o'qm]g
h:t} agfO{ tTsfnLg rLgsf] /
;du|df Plzofsf] pbonfO{{ /f]Sg]
if8\oGqsf] Ps lx:;f xf] / of] d'2f
laBdfg bnfn k'FhLjfbL /fHosf]
:jefljs / clgjfo{ kl/0ffd klg xf] .
;femf df]rf{ – d+r / kl/jt{g
;femf jf ;+oQ' m df]rf{ eg]sf] cfˆgf]
cnu cl:tTj / dt;lxt tTsfn
b]z / hgtfsf] ;fd'Gg] cfO{kg]{ tyf
dfgj ;dfhn] ;fdgf ug{ ' k g] {
;d:ofx?nfO{{ ;a} If]qsf cu'jf -
vf;u/L /fhg}lts If]qsf_ AolQm /
;+ : yfn] ug] { ;fd' l xs k| o f;sf]
Aoaxfl/s cleJolQm xf] . To;}n] clxn]
k|r08sf] d'2fn] b]z / hgtfn] rf}tkmL{
e|i6frf/L / n3'ljQnfO{{ hgsf/afxL Û ‘hgtfnfO{{ b'Mv lbg] n3'ljQnfO{{ kQf;fkm kfl/G5’
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{lgs6 o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf] pQ/
s0ff{nL Ao'/f]n] e|i6rf/, sldzg,
dxËL, sfnf]ahf/L / n3'ljQsf] rsf{]
zf]if0f, nfu"cf}ifwnufot ;fdflhs
ljs[ l tsf lj?4 e08fkmf] / /
hgsf/afxL ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
d+unaf/ h'Dnfsf] vnËfdf a;]sf]
a}7sn] o:tf] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . a}7sn]
/fli6«otf, hgtGq, hghLljsfsf
kIfdf klg ;zQm ;+3if{ ug]{ lg0f{ox?
u/]sf] 5 . a}7sdf pQ/ s0ff{nL
Ao'/f]cGtu{tsf ;a} lhNnfn] cf–cfˆgf]
sfo{If]qsf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf lyP .
ef]Ug'k/]sf ;a} ;d:ofx?dWo]s} Ps
k|ltlglw 36gfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf]
5 . ;/n ¿kdf a'‰bf k|r08– hf]
k|wfgdGqL 5g\– n] t ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt
gug]{ / pgsf] ;'/Iff gx'g] b]zdf c?
s;n] ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt ug{ ;S5 <
olb e|i6frf/ u/]sf] jf Pdl;;L
kf; u/]sf] sf/0f k|r08n] c;'/Iff
dx;'; u/]sf] eP cnu ljifo x'GYof] .
oxfF t pgn] cfhsf] /fhg}lts
e/t ;L
kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f ag]sf] hgo'4sf] g]tT[ j
u/]sf] sf/0f c;'/Iff dx;'; ug{k' g]{
eof] . To;}n] of] ;dfhsf ;fd' pkl:yt
hNbf]aNbf] ;d:of g} xf] . ha lg/fzf
km}lnPsf] ;dfhdf c;'/Iffsf] efj Tof]
klg cu'jf /fhgLlt1df k}bf x'G5 ta
Tof] ;dfhn] Ps, cfˆgf] cl:tTj d]l6g]
hf]lvd df]N5 b'O{, Ps kmfl;:6
tfgfzfx hGdsf] cfwf/ k|bfg ub{5
/ tLg, Ps csf] { qmflGtsf/L
kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f x'G5 .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] *cf}+
dxflwj]zgdf s'g} kf6L{nfO{{ b'Zdg ls6fg
gu/L g]kfnL ;dfhsf] d'Vo zq' jf
;d:of cg'Tkfbs bnfn k|jl[ Q xf] eg]/
ls6fg u/]sf] lyof] eg] ev{/} ;KkGg
(cf}+ dxflwj]zgn] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbsf
nflu ldNg;Sg] ;a};uF ldn]/ -kf6L{
Pstf, ;+oQ' m df]rf{ – ;xsfo{ / Go'gtd
tfnd]n u/]/_ hfg] gLlt lnPsf] 5 .
lsgeg] cfhsf] d'Vo ;d:of eg]sf]
laBdfg ;+;bLo bnfn k'h F LjfbL Joa:yf
xf] . cem o;f] egf}F ls ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v
ePsf] ;dfhjfbnfO{{ sfo{?k s;/L lbg]
eGg] d'Vo r'gf}tL xf] .
cfh xfd| f ] ;dfhn] ef] u ] s f
;d:ofaf/] ;a} hfgsf/ 5g\ .
clxn] s f] k| 0 ffnL ;+ s 6u| : t /
c;kmntf pGd'v 5 eGg] klg yfxf
a}7snfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]skf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf pQ/ s0ff{nL Ao'/f]
OGrfh{ ;+ud ;Ln] bnfn k'FhLjfbn]
o' j fx?nfO{ { ljleGg s' n t /
untwGbfx?df km;fpg] u/]sf] eGb}
To:tf sfo{af6 o'jfx?nfO{{ arfpg]
lhDd]jf/L o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf] /x]sf]
atfP . pgn] o'jf ;+u7gn] cfufdL
lbgx?df lng] lg0f{ox? o'jfd'vL /
hg:t/df /x]sf o'jfx?sf] dd{ efjgf
a'‰g] x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbP .
a}7sdf af]Nb} o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf
s]Gb|Lo ;lrj ljZn]if0f ;Ln] /fl:6«o
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iff / o'jfx?sf] j}1flgs
5 . olt dfq xf]Og Pp6f csf]{
kl/jt{g cfjZos 5 eGg] klg
dx;'; 5 t/ To;sf] g]t[Tj egf}F jf
cfkm}Fk|lt dfG5]x? ljZj:t 5}gg .
of] l:yltdf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu
;fd'lxs jf PsLs[t ¿kdf kxn ug{'
clgjfo{ 5 . of] k|lqmofdf hf];Fu
/0fg}lts j}1flgs nIo, p2]Zo /
sfo{qmd x'G5 p;n] g} g]tT[ j lng]5 .
h;/L Oltxf;df cfhsf]
kl/jt{gsf] nflu k|hftflGqs /
sDo'lg:6 zlQmsf] df]rf{ h?/L k¥of]
l7s To;/L eljiosf] ;dfhjfbsf
nflu ;a} sDo' l g:6 /
;dfhjfbLx?sf] df]rf{ h?/L 5 . oxL
j:t' u t cfjZostf k" / f ug{
sDo'lg:6 jf ;dfhjfbLsf] df]rf{ –
d+rsf] ax; p7]sf] 5 h;nfO{{
kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg cfjZos 5 .
of] lbzfdf ;f]Rg' / ;fy{s k|of; yfNg'
hf] s;}sf] kxn klg ;sf/fTds s'/f
xf] . emg\ o;df k|r08n] ;f]Rg' cem}
/fd|f] s'/f xf] . h;n] cw'/f] kl/jt{gsf]
cleofgnfO{{ k"/f ug]{ ;+efjgf a9\5 .
olb k|r08 jf k'/fgf] lkF9Lsfn] g]tT[ j
u/] g g\ eg] gofF k' : tfaf6 Tof]
cfjZostf k"/f x'g]5 / ;dfhn]
kl/jt{gsf] dfu{ lng]5 .
s] x L lsg cnu eP t <
clxn] hgo'4;Fu hf]l8P/ cfPsf]
;d:of / To;sf] k|ltlqmof jf
k|ltjfbdf sd/]8 ls/0fnufot c?
b'O{ -sGrg / uf]kfn_ lsg cnu
eP t < dfG5]x? lh1f;' eP/ k|Zg
ug{ pT;'s 5g\ . To;}n] of] ljifodf
s]xL rrf{ ug{' h?/L 5 . klxnf],
;d:of tL kf6L{hf] cnu 5g\– sf]
;+sL0f{tfsf] xf]– hf] xfd|f] k'/fgf]
pTkfbg ;DaGw;u ;DalGwt 5 eg]
bf];|f], ;d:of h8tfsf] xf] h;n]
kl/l:ylt w]/} cl3 a9\bf jf kl/jt{g
x'bF f klg cfk"mnfO{{ ljsf; ug]{ ;fdYo{
/fVb}g . t];|f], ;d:of tL kf6L{ /
g]tT[ jdf laBdfg sDo'lg:6 ?9Ljfbsf]
xf] h'g ;d:ofaf6 ljZjsf ;fy}
g]kfnL sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng cfqmfGt
5 . rf}yf], ;d:of clnslt s'07fsf]
klg xf] lsgeg] Tof] ;femf sfo{qmddf
k|r08kl5 ljKnjsf] gfd cfpFbf ;fob
c;xh dx;'; x'g] klg x'g ;S5 .
cGTodf /f]lxt–s];L / Pdfn]–dfs]
aGg] cltaf6 aRb} cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf]
nflu gofF lz/faf6 ;sf/fTds ¿kdf
;f]rf}F / u/f}–F hLt x'G5 .
Joj:yfkg bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfn]
ug{ g;Sg] eGb} To;sf nflu o'jfx?n]
PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf] dfWodaf6
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf nflu
ufpF, gu/x?df o'jfx? ;+u7gdf
cfj4 / ;+ul7t ug{' kg]{ atfP .
a}7ssf] cWoIftf pQ/ s0ff{nL Ao'/f]
OGrfh{ k|/] 0ff ;Lsf] /x]sf] lyof] eg]
h'Dnf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ;kmn ;L, cg]d
;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
tyf pQ/ s0ff{nL Ao'/f] OGrfh{ ;Eotf
;L, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o /d]z ;Lnufotsf cltlysf]
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
;j{xf/f ju{sf] kx'r F / kIfdf
ldl8of t s] ;fdflhs ;~hfn;d]t
! k|ltzt klg 5}g . e|dsf] v]tL u/]/
;fd|fHojfbsf] ;Gtfg bnfn k'h F Ljfb
cl:tTjdf 5 . ;Qfsf] k'gk|fl{ Ktdf
/x]sf] k"j/{ fhf / p;sf kIfn] l:ylt
layf]n/] c/fhstfdf nfg] / hgtfsf
;+3if{af6 k|fKt pknlAwx? vf]:g]
b':k|of;df ldl8of, ;fdflhs ;~hfn,
cbfnt, k|zf;g / ;}lgs k|of]u ug]{
b':k|of; ul//fv]sf] 5 .
u}/lhDd]jf/ / k'g?TyfgjfbLnfO{{
;8sdf 5f8f 5f]8/] zflGtk|lqmof
cufl8 a9fOof] . pgLx?n] k'/} tfut
nufP/ / ldl8of tyf ;fdflhs
;~hfn k|of]u u/]/ hgo'4 hgtflj?4
lyof] eg]/ em'7 s'/fnfO{{ xhf/f}+ k6s
hgtfsf] sfgdf u'~hfP . dfcf]jfbLn]
!& xhf/ dflg; df/] eg]/ ;To b]Vg]
;a} 9f]sfx? aGb u/]/ hgtfnfO{{ e|ddf
/fv] . zflGt ;Demf}tfdf ePsf]
k| f jwfglj?4 dfcf] j fbL /
zflGtk|lqmofsf kIfw/x?n] af]Ng}
gkfpg] pQm ljifonfO{{ hgla/f]wL /
xTof/f b/afl/of kIfn] zflGt
k|lqmofnfO{{ k|efljt kfg]{ u/L ;fdflhs
ck/fw ul//x] . ;QfRo't lg/+s'z
;fdGtLtTjn] ef8fsf dflg;af6
;}lgs, k|zf;lgs, cbfntx?nfO{{
pBf]u– jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] ;+of]hsdf of]uz] a'9fyf]sL
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fli6«o pBf]u–
jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] /fli6«o e]nfn] of]uz]
a'9fyf]sLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf @@ ;b:oLo
t];f| ] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt
u7g u/]sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ sf7df8f}dF f
ePsf] pBf]u–jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf]
/fli6«o e]nfnfO{ g]skfsf :yfoL
;ldlt ;b:o clgn zdf{
lj/xLn] ;Daf]wg ub}{ bnfn
k' F h Ljfbsf] pbo ;' u f} n L
;lGwb]lv ePsf] / cfh ;Qf¿9
ePsf]n] o;sf] cGTo / j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf] :yfkgf
clgjfo{ ePsf] atfP . pgn]
b]zsf] jt{dfg /fhgLlts /
cfly{s ;Í6sf] ljsNk gf}/ËL
k'h
F Ljfbn] lbg g;Sg] ePsf]n] Joj:yf
gablnsg cj:yf gablng] atfP .
sfo{qmddf g]skfsf :yfoL ;ldlt
;b:o tyf hj; k|mofH;g OGrfh{
lzn'n] k|lzIf0f dGtJo /fv]sL lyOg\ .
;xefuL k|ltlgwLx?n] cg'el" t /
lh1f;;lxt l/kf] l 6{ ª /fv] k l5
k|lzIf0f kZrft ˆ|ofS;g OGrfh{
lzn'af6 k'/fgf] ;ldltsf] lj36g /
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
Onfdsf OGrfh{ df} ; dn] ;Ln]
hgtfnfO{{ b'Mv lbg] n3'ljQnfO{{
kQf;fkm kfg]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .
;f]daf/ Onfdsf] rf]s ahf/df
n3' l jQ kLl8t hgtfx?sf]
;xeflutfdf g]skf Onfdn] u/]sf]
k|bz{gnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf df};dn]
;f] r]tfjgL lbPsf x'g\ . pgn] ufpF–
ufpF k;]/ ul/a hgtfnfO{{ C0f
c;'nLsf] gfddf b'Mv lb+b} cfPsf
n3'ljQ ;+:yfx?n] hgtfnfO{{ b'Mv lbg
p5fln/x] / ;fdflhs cdgrognfO{{
vNjNofO{ /fv] . pgLx?n] u/]sf oL
s'/f ;To x}gg\, ab\lgotsf x'g\ eGg
jfWo kfbf{ cfˆgf]tkm{sf efu lnG5f}+
eGbf k|ltlqmofjfbL cbfnt g} k|of]u
ljgf]b bfxfn
ug]{ b':;fx; u/]sf 5g\\ .
;fdGtL, k| l tufdL c/fhs
tTjx?nfO{{ yk 5f8f 5f]8\g'x'Gg .
cZnLn / alh{ t zAbx? /
zflGtk|lqmof lj/f]wL em'§f s'/fx? k|of]u
ub}{ c/fhstf ;[hgf ub}{ ;fdflhs
;~hfndf cfpg] ;f+;b 1fgjxfb'/ /
;Qf k|of]usf cg]sf}+ k|of; ug]{ d]l8sn
dflkmof b'uf{ k|;fO{x+ ?nfO{{ ;/sf/n]
lgoGt/0fdf lnP/ sf/jfxL lsg
gofF ;ldltsf] k|:tfj u/] nuQ} sfo{
;ldlt kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . sfo{
;ldlt kfl/t ePkl5 ;dfkg
;df/f]xsf] cWoIftf gjlgjf{lrt
;+of]hsn] u/] eg] pb\3f]if0f ;Ltf/fd
pk|t] Ln] u/]sf lyP . gjlgjf{lrt sfo{
;ldltnfO{ o'jf ;Ë7gsf s]Gb|Lo
sf] i ffWoIf ;' e f; /fO{ n ] ;kmn
sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf lbFb} æPdfn]
/ sfFu|]; lgs6 pBf]u– Jofkf/
;Ë7gn] ljrf}lnof / sfnfahfl/ofsf]
k|ltlglwTj u5{g eg] /fli6«o pBf]u–
Jofkf/ dxf;+3n] hgtf tyf cfd
pkef]Qmf / /fli6«o k'hF Lsf] /Iffy{ ;‹if{
aGb gu/] kQf;fkm kf/]/ nv]6\g]
atfP . lg/Gt/ k|bz{g, n3'ljQx?nfO{
r]tfjgL sf/afxL / kLl8t hgtf;Fu
cGts[of ub}{ cfPsf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ Onfdn] hgtf lj?4 x'bF } cfPsf
ultlawL lj?4 lgd{dtf k"js { ;+3if{
ug]{ atfPsf] 5 .
k|bz{g sfo{qmddf af]Nb} Onfd
lhNnfsf hgkl/ifb\ k|dv ' uf]kL ;Ln]
cfˆgf] kf6L{n] hgtfsf] ljb|fx] sf] g]tT[ j
ug]{ atfP . lhNnf ;lrj gj/fh ;Ln]
of] ;/sf/ hgtfsf] ;/sf/ geP/ bnfn
7
gu/]sf] < s] logLx? ;dfh layf]Ng]
ck/fw sfo{ ul//x]sf 5}gg\ <
ptf uug yfkfx? hf] o'4sf
;+nUg kIfsf x'g\ / zflGt ;Demf}tfdf
x:tfIf/ ug]x{ ? x'g,\ pgLx? klg zflGt
;Demf}tf / ;+ljwfg lj/f]wL xs{t
ub}{5g\\ . pgLx? hgo'4nfO{{ # lbg,
# dlxgf leq lgoGq0fdf lnG5f}+ eGb}
u} / sfg" g L xTofsf08x? 36fpF b }
cfPsf kIfsf dflg; x'g\ . s'Voft
sfnf] sfg'g agfP/ / zfxL ;}lgsnfO{{
;+ljwfg / sfg'g ljkl/t clwsf/
b'?kof]u ug{ lbP/ xhf/f}+ g/;+xf/ /
j] k Qf kfg] { kIfsf] dflg;n]
zflGt;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ul/;s]kl5
kmnfgf / ltnfgfnfO{{ of] jf p;n]
df/]sf] eGb} lx+8\g] clwsf/ sxfFaf6
kfP < uDeL/ k|sf/sf] dfgjclwsf/
b'?kof]u u/]sf] ck/fwdf plDsg]
af6f] 5 ltd|f < c?nfO{{ bf]if yf]k/]/
plDsg] b':;fx; u5f}{ < 6fpsfdfly
em'l08Psf] t/jf/sf] 8/n] clxNo}bl] v
aa{/fP/ ;'v kfpg]5f} / < s]kLx? klg
zflGt;Demf}tf aflx/ uP/ af]Ng] b':sfo{
slt~h]n u5f}{ < ltdLx?s} g]tT[ jdf
k|ltsf/ ;ldlt agfP/ ;fd'lxs xTof
u/]sf] k|df0f 5}g / < j]nf cfpFb5 } .
dfcf]jfbLn] x/]s k6s h]ge] f ;lGwsf]
kfngf u/]sf] atfO{/x]s} 5 .
ug{ clkn;lxt ;kmn sfo{sfnsf]
z'esfdgf lbP .
gjlgjf{ l rt sfo{ ; ldltn]
lgjt{dfg ˆ|ofS; O~rfh{ / cWoIfsf]
ljbfO{ / gjlgjf{lrt ˆ|ofS;g OGrfh{
lzn'sf] :jfut clegGbg u/]sf]
lyof] . clGtddf sfo{qmdsf cWoIf
a'9fyf]sLn] k|lta4tf dGtJo;lxt
sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg u/]sf lyP eg]
sf7df08f}, h/l;+x kf}jfdf ePsf]
e]nfsf] cWoIftf ;+u7gsf cWoIf
>Ls[i0f a:g]t, pb\3f]if0f dxf;lrj
of]u]; e§/fO{n] / :jfut dGtAo
;Ltf/fd pk|]tLn] u/]sf lyP .
dflkmofx?sf] /Ifs ;/sf/ ePsf]
atfP . hgtf n3'ljQ cft+ssf] sf/0f
3/ 5f8]/ efUg afWo ePsf], cfTdxTof
ug{ afWo ePsf] atfpFb} hgtfsf] of]
b'Mvsf] ;dfwfgdf /fHon] e"ldsf v]Ng'sf]
;f6f] pN6f] n3'ljQx?sf] /Iffdf k|x/L
lnP/ lx+8g\ ' v]bhgs ePsf] atfP .
;]qm]6/L gj/fhn] k|x/L lnP/
lx+8/] , an k|of]u u/]/ hgtf
dfly cft+s dRrfP kf6L{n]
k|ltjfb ug]{ r]tfjgL lbP .
Onfd 6'l+ 8v]naf6 ;'?
ePsf] ¥ofnL rf]s ahf/
kl/qmdf ub}{ d'Vo rf]sdf
uP/ sf]0f ;efdf kl/0ft
ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf
Ao'/f] ;b:o clagfzn] klg
af] n ] s f lyP . ;fy}
sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng o'jf
g]tf dbg lab|fx] Ln] u/]sf
lyP eg] sfo{ q mdsf]
cGTodf kf6L{sf d]rL Ao'/f]
OGrfh{ ;'dgl;+x ;Låf/f n]lvPsf]
…Onfdsf qmflGtsf/L xf]– df6f] p7fp
Onfdsf], /utsf] uGw ;'3+ /] ;kgfsf]
lrxfg vf]hÚ eGg] ev{/} /]s8{ ePsf]
lut k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
‘;a} vfn] pTkL8gsf] cGTo ;dfhjfbL qmflGtaf6 dfq ;Dej’ ljleGg kf6L{ kl/Tofu u/L g]skfdf k|jz] ug]s{ f] cf]O/f]
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o ljifd ;Ln] If]qLo
pTkL8g, pk]Iff, c;dfgtf, lje]b,
;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts, cfly{s /
/fhgLlts ;a} vfn] pTkL8gsf] cGTo
/ k"0f{ d'lQm ;dfhjfbL qmflGtaf6 dfq}
x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . d+unaf/ h'Dnfsf]
vnËfdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ s0ff{nL
d'lQm df]rf{sf] e]nfsf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]tf ljifdn] ;f] s'/f
atfPsf x'g\ . pgn] g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ n ] cl3 ;f/] s f] PsLs[ t
hgqmflGtsf] sfo{lbzfdf pTkLl8t
;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf clgjfo{ ePsf]
eGb} cfGbf]ngnfO{{ gofF lbzf / :j¿k
lbgsf] nflu g]skfn] gofF ;Zn]if0f
;lxt d'lQmsf] nflu gofF gLltx? cl3
;f/]sf] atfP . g]tf ljifdn] s0ff{nL
If]q pTkL8g, pk]Iff, c;dfgtf /
lje]lbt aGg'kg]{ h'g kl/l:ylt 5 oL
;a} c;dfgtfsf] cGTo j}1flgs
;dfhjfbdf dfq} x'g] 7f]sj' f u/] . pgn]
g]kfnsf] jt{dfg bnfn ;+;bLo
Joj:yfsf] ;+ljwfg / sfg'gdf hlt;'s}
;dfj]lztfsf] gf/f lbP klg of]
Joj:yfsf ;~rfnsx?n] Tof] d'2fnfO{{
zflGt=====
n7}tx?n] lnP/ uP .Ú
;ª\qmd0fsfnLg d'2f k|r08sf]
dfq} geP/ ;Dk"0f{ kl/jt{g kIfw/sf]
;d]t ePsf] ljKnjn] atfP . b]zsf]
;Dk"0f{ :jfldTj g]kfnL hgtfsf] xftdf
cfof] ls cfPg eGg] ljifodf ;a}n]
x]Ssf /fVg'kg]{ eGb} dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
eg]– …clxn]sf] kl/jt{gnfO{{ pN6\ofP/
@)$& ;fnlt/ nUg vf]lhFb} 5 . of]
:jLsf/ x'Fb}g . a? cem cl3 a9]/
j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfb lgdf{ 0 fdf
nfUg'k5{ .
;f]xL, sfo{qmddf g]skf dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|sf g]tf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn]
cfk"mx¿ zflGt k|lqmofk|lt k|lta4
ePklg åGåsf s]xL 36gfnfO{{ lnP/
k'gM d'ns ' nfO{{ åGådf kmsf{pg] if8\oGq
eO/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\\ . ;+oQ' m kqsf/
;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} g]tf dx/fn] cfk"mx¿
zflGt k|lqmofk|lt k|lta4 /x]sfn]
/fHosf] k' g { ; + / rgfsf] kIfdf
nflu/x]sf] atfP . …of] n8fO{ cu|udg
/ kZrudgaLrsf] n8fOF xf] . s]xL
zflQmx? /fHosf] k'g{;+/rgf xf]Og
k|ltudgsf] lbzfdf d'ns ' nfO{{ n}hfg
rfxfG5g\Ú, dx/fn] eg], …km]l/ d'ns ' nfO{{
k5fl8 ws]Ng] ls < cu|udgdf n}hfg]
eGg] s'/f k|d'v ljifo xf] .Ú
o;}u/L, g]kfn ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sL
g] t [ lxl;nf ofdLn] axfnjfnf
k|wfgdGqLnfO{{ d'2f nufpg' hgtfnfO{{
;d]t d'2f nufpg' ;/x ePsf] l6Kk0fL
u/]sL 5g\\ . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf af]Nb}
ofdLn] åGåsfnLg d'2f cbfntaf6
x]g'{ lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf ljk/Lt
x' g ] atfOg\ . …axfnjfnf
k|wfgdGqLnfO{{ d'2f nufpg' eg]sf]
hgtfdfly d'2f nufpg' ;/x xf] .
kl/jt{g kIfw/dfly d'2f nufpg' xf] .
of] d'2f ;a} bnsf] d'2f xf]Ú ofdLn]
elgg\ , …hgo' 4 ;a} ;d' b fosf
pTkLl8t hflt, If]q / ;d'bfosf]
k|tLs xf] . o;nfO{{ ;To lg¿k0f tyf
d] n ldnfk cfof] u dfkm{ t \ 6' + u f]
nufpg'k5{ .Ú
hgo'4s} hudf c¿ /fli6«o /
If]qLo kf6L{x¿ ;d]t hlGdPsfn] Tof]
pgLx?sf] ;d]t d'2f ePsf] ofdLn]
l6Kk0fL ul/g\ . lj:t[ t zflGt
;Demf}tfsf] sfo{e/ tLg sfo{ dfq} ePsf]
ofdLn] atfOg\ . klxnf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
/ hgd'lQm ;]gf Joj:yfkg k'/f ePklg
;+qmd0fsfnLg d'2f Joj:yfkg x'g
g;s]sf] pgn] atfOg\ .
o;}u/L, pQm kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
Jofkf/sf] ljifo agfPsf] / cfˆgf]
:jfy{df pkof]u u/]sf] lhls/ u/] .
g]tf ljifdn] s0ff{nL g]kfnsf] Ps
cleGg lx:;f ePsf] eGb} g]kfnsf]
;Ldf If]qsf] cltqmd0f / j}bl] zs
x:tIf]ksf lj?4 ;d]t ;+3if{ ug{k' g]{
atfP . pgn] ljutsf ;/sf/sf]
tkm{af6 ePsf ;'uf}nL ;lGw tyf ;g\
!(%) sf] c;dfg ;Demf}tf, ljKkf,
;'kb{uLnufotsf ;Dk"0f{ c;dfg ;lGw
;Demf}tfx? vf/]h x'gk' g]{ atfP . g]tf
ljifdn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf g]kfn /
g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf /
:jflwgtf ljk/Lt /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf
ePsf] eGb} o;nfO{{ vf/]h ul/g'kg]{
atfP . pgn] g]kfn ;/sf/ / cd]l/sL
;/sf/aLr ePsf] P;kLkL ;Demf}tf
Pd;L;Ls} sfof{Gjogsf] ;}Go sbd
ePsf] eGb} o;nfO{{ t'?Gt vf/]h u/L
g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/sf]
/Iffsf] Uof/]06L ug{k' g]{ atfP .
kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} g]skf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf s0ff{nL d'lQm
df] r f{ s f ;+ o f] h s lj/f6 ;Ln]
s0ff{ n LnfO{ { If] q Lo pTkL8g,
/fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, cfly{ s ,
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_
sf pkfWoIf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, g]kfn
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L
dfcf]jfbL_sf :yfoL sld6L ;LkL
uh'/]n, g]kfn ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf
pkfWoIf lxl;nf odL, g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6Lsf dxf;lrj ljKnj, cfd hgtf
kf6L{sf cWoIf k|e' ;fx, sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ -ax'dt_ sf ;+of]hs wd]{Gb|
af:tf] n f, j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj cfx'lt,
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL
;dfhjfbL_sf cWoIf s0f{ l ht
a'9fyf]sL / dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{,
g]kfnsf dxf;lrj /fdgf/fo0f kfnn]
;+o'Qm ckLn hf/L u/]sf lyP . h'g
o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5– …xfdL olta]nf
lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] dd{ / efjgf
cg';f/ zflGt k|lqmofsf afFsL sfd
k"/f ug{ r/0fdf 5f}F . ;+qmd0fsfnLg
Gofosf] l;4fGtåf/f lgb]{lzt eO{
utsfndf sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L ;To
lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u tyf
j]kQf gful/s 5fgljg cfof]u ;d]t
u7g eO{ s]xL sfd cufl8 a9]sf]
tYo klg ;j{ljlbt} 5 . åGåaf6
kLl8t gful/s tyf pgLx¿sf
kl/jf/nfO{{ Gofo lbnfpg} ;Gbe{df
;Ddflgt ;jf]R{ r cbfntn] ljBdfg
sfg'gdf ;'wf/ ug{ lbPsf] lgb]z { gdf
klg xfd|f] Wofg uPsf] 5 .
b]zdf tNsfn ljBdfg hftLo,
If]qLo, lnËLo, juL{o nufotsf
;d:ofx? ;dfwfg u/L /fHosf]
cu|ufdL k'g;+/rgf ug]{ ;+sNkk|lt
xfdL tkl;nsf kf6L{x? ;dxt 5f}F .
pk/f] Q m ;Gbe{ d f cljnDj
cfjZos sfg'g ogfO{ zflGt k|lqmofsf
afFsL sfd k"/f ug{ xfdL ;/sf/;Fu
ljz]if clkn ub{5f}+ . lj:t[t zflGt
;Demf}tf / To;nfO{{ cfkmgf] cleGg
c+u dfg]sf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn]
åGåsfnLg 36gfx¿sf] lg?if0f ug]{
lhDd]jf/L ;To lg?k0f tyf d];ldnfk
cfof]unfO{{ lbPsf] 5 . of] P]ltxfl;s
;Gbe{ / ;+jw} flgs Joj:yfeGbf aflx/
hfg' zflGt ;Demf}tfsf lj¿4 x'g] tJo
klg :ki6 5 .
s]xL ;do otf ;+qmd0fsfnLg
Gofosf ;DjGwdf rln/x]sf rrf{x¿k|lt
xfd|f] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 .
;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;Fu ;DalGwt
åGåsfnsf ;a} d'4fx¿ ;To lg?k0f
tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq
kg]{ s'/f klg ;':ki6 /x]sf] 5 .
ctM xfdL tkl;nsf /fhgLlts
;f+:s[lts, ko{6g, z}lIfs If]q, :jf:Yo
If]qdf x'g] ul/g] pk]lIft Aoxf/sf
lj?4 df]rf{n] 3lge"t ;+3if{ ug]{
atfP . pgn] s0ff{nLsf gfddf x'g]
e|i6rf/, sldzg, dxËL, sfnf]ahf/L
/ n3'ljQsf] rsf{] zf]if0fsf lj?4
df]rf{n] h:tf];s' } ;+3if{ ug]{ k|lta4tf
AoQm u/] . g]tf lj/f6n] g]kfn jf
g]kfn aflx/ h'g;'s} :yfgdf a;f]jf;
u/]sf] eP klg s0ff{nLsf] ljsf;,
;d[ l 4 / s0ff{ n Lsf ;fF : s[ l ts
;+/If0fsf nflu n8\g] JolQm, ;d'bfo
/ ;+:yfx?nfO{{ ;+ul7t / Pstfj4
u/L df]rf{n] ;+3if{ ug]{ atfP . pgn]
s0ff{nLsf hgtfdfly x'Fb} cfPsf]
pTkL8g, pk] I ff, c;dfgtf /
lje]bsf lj?4 x'g] x/]s ;+3if{ /
cfGbf] n gdf df] r f{ s f] P] S oa4tf
hgfpg] atfP .
g]tf lj/f6n] g]kfn / g]kfnL
hgtfdfly x'g] /fhg}lts, cfly{s,
ef}uf]lns, wfld{s / ;fF:s[lts j}bl] zs
x:tIf]ksf lj?4 df]rf{n] h'g;'s} d"No
r'sfpg tof/ x'g] ;d]t 7f]sj' f u/] .
pgn] g]kfn Ps ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg
d' n ' s ePsfn] o;n] s' g } klg
cf}klgj]lzs gLlt :jLsf/ gug]{ /
:jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf df]rf{ ;b}j nl8/xg]
k|lta4tf u/] . g]tf lj/f6n] hgtGq,
hglhljsf, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf, :jtGqtf,
;dgtf, zflGt / ;d[l4sf] kIfdf ;a};uF
;xsfo{ / df]rf{jGbL u/L ;+3if{ cufl8
a9fpg] atfP . df]rf{sf] e]nfn] lj/f6
;Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf @% ;b:oLo sld6Ldf
^ hgf kl5 yKg] u/L !( hgfsf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldlt agfPsf] 5 .
bnx¿ Psftkm{ sfg'g kl/dfh{g;lxt
cfof]unfO{{ k"0f{tf lbO{ zflGt k|lqmofsf
afF s L sfd oyfzL3| k" / f ug] {
;6sf/;Fu dfu ub{5f}+ eg] csf{tkm{
lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfsf kIfw/
;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh
Pj+ cfd hg;d' b fonfO{ {
;+ q md0fsfnLg Gofosf kIfdf
P]Soa4tfsf nflu xflb{s ckLn
ub{5f}F . ;fy} /fHon] utsfndf
ljleGg /fhgLlts bn;Fu u/]sf
;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf nflu klg xfdL
;/sf/;Fu hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}F .Ú
g]kfnsf]=====
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbL
;dfhjfbLsf pkfWoIf /+ u gfy
9sfnn] dGtJoåf/f :jfut u/]sf]
Pstf;DaGwL kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf k|jQmf
k|sf08 ;L, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:ox?
lzn' ;L, e/t ;L s]lGb|o ;Nnfxsf/
bL3{ ;L nufot g]tfx?sf] ;xeflutf
/x]sf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng
g]skf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o clgn
zdf{n] u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, pQm kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf k|jQmf
k|sf08 ;Ln] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L / g] k fn
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ -dfcf] j fbL
;dfhjfbL_sf cWoIf ;' z Lnsf]
x:tfIf/df hf/L ul/Psf] ;+o'Qm
lj1lKt jrg u/]sf lyP . h'g
o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5– …xfdL g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL ;dfhjfbL_ cfpFbf]
kf6L{ :yfkgf lbj;df Pstf ;DkGg
ug]{ lg0f{odf k'u]sf 5f}+ . pQm ;'vb
Pj+ P]ltxfl;s lg0f{o hfgsf/L lbg
k|]z jQmJo hf/L ub{5f}+ . ;fDojfbL
dfu{ l gb] { z s l;4fGt dfS;{ j fb–
n] l ggjfb–dfcf] j fb, j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbL qmflGt, j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf, j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfb–;fDojfb, cGt/f{ l i6« o
;j{xf/fjfb, qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6x?
aLrsf] Pstf h:tf cfwf/e" t
ljifodf xfdL b'O{ kf6L{sf] b[li6sf]0f
;dfg /xFb} cfPsf] lyof] / 5 . xfd|f
aLrdf Pstf x'g' k5{ eGg] ;f]rsf
;fy ljleGg:t/df 5nkmn ax;
cfPsf] klg hfgsf/L g} 5 . kf6L{
aflx/af6 xfd| f z' e lrGts /
;dy{sn] qmflGtsf/Lx? kf6L{x? hlt
;Sof] l56f] Pstfa4 x'g' k5{ eg]/
;'emfjx? lbg' ePsf] klg 5 .
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
] , b]jLgu/, kmf]gM %!&@^%%
sf7df8f}F . ljleGg kf6L{ kl/Tofu
u/L g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df k|jz ]
ug]{sf] nx/ rn]sf] 5 . o;}qmddf
;f] d af/ h' D nfdf s0ff{ n L d' l Qm
df]rf{sf] e]nfdf ljleGg kf6L{ kl/Tofu
u/L b'O{ bh{g g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df
k| j ] z u/] s f 5g\ \ . kf6L{ k| j ] z
ug] { x ¿df rGb s7fot, lszf] /
s7fot, ci6dfg s7fot, s'l;Gb|
b]zsf] ;+s6 / To;sf] cu|ufdL
Pj+ qmflGtsf/L lgsf;sf] ;+efjgfn]
klg qmflGtsf/Lx?nfO{{ Pstfdf a9g
k|]l/t ul//x]sf] 5 . oL / o:tf
sf/0fn] xfdL Pstfdf k'Ug] lg0f{o
lng ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ .
xfd| f cfF v f ;fd' c;kmn,
;+s6u|:t bnfn kF'hLjfbL ;Qf /
;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] :j]R5frf/L zf;g
rln/x] s f] 5 . d' ¶ Le/ bnfn
k' F h Lkltju{ afx] s ;f/f g] k fnL
hgtfsf] hLjg si6s/ 5 . ld6/
Jofh, n3"ljQ, w]/} h;f] ljQLo
;xsf/L / a}s + sf rsf]{ Aofhn] u/La
ls;fg, ljleGg Jofkf/ Joj;foL,
dWodju{ / /fli6« o pBf] u
Joj;foLx? ;+s6df kb}{ uPsf 5g\\ .
s}of}+ C0fLx?n] cfTdxTof
ul//x]sf 5g\\ eg] s}of}}+ 3/jf;
5f] 8 ] / lx8\ g ljjz 5g\ \ . ;f/f
o'jfk':tf ljb]zLPsf] 5 . dlxnf /
>lds ;d'bfodfly ljeGg vfn] lx+;f
hf/L 5g\\ . uf}/jk"0f{ hgo'4nfO{{
ck/fwLs/0f ul/F b } 5 . lzIff,
:jf:Yo, /f]huf/Lsf If]q c:tJo:t
5g\\ .
e"d08nLs[t cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb
g]kfnnfO{{ gjpklgj]z agfpg x:tIf]k
ul//x] s f] 5 . ck;f] r /fHo /
;+;bjfbL bnx? eg] ;/sf/, dGqL,
s'rL{ / k};fsf nflu lbg/ft n'5frF8' L
ul//x]sf 5g\\ . ljb]zL dflns;Fu
/fi6«3flt ;f7ufF7 ul//x]sf 5g\\ .
xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ;femf ljrf/
5 ls oL ;f/f ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg
;+;bLo Joj:yfaf6 ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf
3'dfpg] /fhg}lts rqmaf6 ;+ej
5}g . o;sf] ;xL ;dfwfg j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL qmflGt / j}1flgs /fHo
;QfJoj:yfaf6 dfq ;+ej 5 .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] :yfkgf
lbj; xfdL sDo'lg:6 / >lds
Ødlb/f tyf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ :jf:Yosf nflu
xflgsf/s 5g\ .
Øo:tf j:t'sf] pkef]u gu/f}+ ÷ gu/fcf}+ .
Ødlb/f tyf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{sf] lj1fkg ug{
gkfOg] sfg"gL Joj:yf 5 .
Øsfg"gsf] k"0f{?kdf kfngf u/f}+ .
lj1fkg af]8{
@)&( ;fn r}t % ut] cfOtaf/
s7fot, lxSdt s7fot, t'kmfg
s7fot, lxj]Gb| s7fot, ljsfz
s7fot, t' N 5L s7fot, pd] z
s7fot, nf]sz
] s7fot, eQm kl/of/,
rGb rbf/f, ;f]g' kl/of/, k'is/ j'9f,
lw/]Gb| las, 6+s kl/of/, b]j kl/of/,
v8\s j'9f / g/ lt¿jf nufotsf
o'jfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .
gjk|jz ] LnfO{{ clj/–vfbf nufP/
hgtfsf nflu ;j{>i] 7 lbg xf] . ;f]xL
lbj;sf] cj;/df xfdL b'O{ kf6L{n]
Pstf ;DkGg ug]{ lg0f{o ug{' Hofb}
v'zL / pT;fxsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .
xfd|f] ljZjf; 5 ls qmflGtsf/L wf/df
/x]sf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / j}1flgs
;dfhjfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ nufotsf
kf6L{ x ?;F u klg Pstfsf nflu
5nkmn hf/L /xg] 5 / ;+ej /x];Dd
Pstfa4 aGb} uOg] 5 .
cGtdf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ /
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL
;dfhjfbL_sf] ;':ki6 ljrf/ 5 ls
g]kfndf bnfn k'h F LjfbL ;Qfsf] cGTo
/ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL ;Qfsf] :yfkgf
ug{, g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;+d4[ hLjg Pj+
:jfwLg g]kfn /fi6« lgdf{0f ug{ afx]s
xfdL;Fu s'g} :jfy{ 5}g . xfdL xfd|f]
nIo / ljrf/k|lt ;b}j ;dlk{t /xg]
k|ltj4tf JoQm ub{5f}+ .Ú
g]skfn]=====
qmflGtsf Pshgf ;' q wf/ tyf
dfS;{jfbL l;4fGtsf] k|of]ustf{ dxfg
n]lggsf] hGdhoGtLsf] ;Gbe{df
g]kfndf k'iknfn >]i7n] g]skfsf]
:yfkgf u/]sf lyP . ljutdf n]lgg
hoGtLsf] cj;/df dgfOb} cfPsf]
sfo{qmdnfO{{ ;ftfJofkL ?kdf dgfOg]
lg0f{o ePsf] :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o
clgn zdf{ la/xLn] atfP .
;ftfJofkL sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfufdL
a}zfv # ut] leQ] n]vg– k|rf/k|;f/,
$ ut] sDo' l g:6 cu| h x¿nfO{ {
clegGbg, % ut] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd,
^ ut] hgk|bz{g–;ef–e]63f6, & ut]
cGt/lqmof–uf]i7L, * ut] /Qmbfg
sfo{qmd / ( ut] hg;ef, sf7df8f}F
tyf lhNnfx?n] cGo /rgfTds
sfo{qmd yKg ;Sg] ul/ of]hgf
agfPsf] 5 .
To:t} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :yfoL
;ldltsf] a} 7 sn] PsLs[ t
g] k fn ;/sf/
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf :yfoL ;ldlt
;b:o ljifd ;L, pQ/ s0ff{nL Ao'/f]
OGrfh{ ;+ud ;L, sflnsf]6 lhNnf
OGrfh{ anjfg ;L, lhNnf lhNnf
OGrfh{ k|eflht ;Ln] :jfut u/]sf
lyP . gjk|jz ] LnfO{{ :jfut ub}{ g]skf
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o ljifd ;Ln] cfˆgf]
kf6L{ dfq} b]zdf o'jfx?sf] efjgf /
rfxgfnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;Sg] j}1flgs
kf6L{ ePsf]n] b]z lgdf{0fdf Pstfa4
eP/ nfUg' kg]{df hf]8 lbP . pgn]
cfˆgf] kf6L{ ef]6sf] nflu geP/ b]zdf
ePsf bnfnL, e|i6frf/L, dx+uL,
sfnf]ahf/L, las[lt, la;+ult /
/fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf n8\g] kf6L{
ePsfn] o; cleofgdf hf]l8g ;a}
o'jfx?nfO{{ cfu|x u/] .
hgqmflGtsf !% hgf ;lxbx¿sf]
hLjgLk/s :d[lt cÍ;lxt dxTjk"0f{
k|sfzgx? ug],{ hj;, df]rf{, ;Ë7g,
ljefu / /f;folgs dndf ul/Psf]
cg'bfg s6f}tL nufot ljifodf
dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] ;d]t g]tf
zdf{n] atfP .
bnfn=====
n3'ljQsf] rsf]{ zf]if0fsf lj?4 klg
;+3if{ ug]{ atfP .
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf h'Dnf lhNnf
OGrfh{ k|eflht ;Ln] s0ff{nL d'lQm
df]rf{sf k"j{ cWoIf k/g b/fnf;Fu
b]zsf] d'lQmsf] nflu alnbfg ug]{ !
;o *) hgf h'DnLn] alnbfg lbPsf]
:d/0f ub}{ h'Dnf ;b} kl/jt{gsf] kIfdf
/x]sf] atfP .
sfo{qmddf g]skf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
tyf sflnsf]6 lhNnf OGrfh{ anjg
;L, d'u' /f/f OGrfh{ ;dfh ;L, x'Dnf
lhNnf OGrfh{ lgdf{0f ;L, 8f]Nkmf
lhNnf OGrfh{ ;]/fk, sflnsf]6 lhNnf
;]qm]6/L zfxf;L ;L, lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
;kmn ;L, o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo
;lrj ljZn]if0f ;L, hgkqsf/ ;+u7g
g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o s0f{
;L, cg]d ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o ;Eotf ;L, clvn g]kfn
ls;fg dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
lgdf{0f ;L, o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o k|]/0ff ;L nufotsf cltly
/x]sf lyP .
sfo{ q mddf k| e ft :d[ l t
hg;fF : s[ l ts kl/jfsf] ;fF : s[ l t
k| : t' l t /x] s f] lyof . ;a} v fn]
pTkL8gsf lj?4 wlge"t ;+3if{ u/f},+
cfTdlge{/ s0ff{nLsf nflu bf];f| ] e]nf
;kmn kf/f}+ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy
z'¿ ePsf] e]nfdf lj/f6 ;Lsf]
cWoIftf /x]sf] lyof] eg] ltnfu"kmf
OGrfh{ /d]z ;Ln] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng
u/]sf lyP .