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Mass No of

Mass nucleus neutrons = Mass


Element Z A atom / u /u A-Z p /u
H 1 2 2.01355 2.01300 1.00000 1.00728
He 2 4 4.00260 4.00150 2.00000 2.01456
Li 3 7 7.01600 7.01435 4.00000 3.02184
Be 4 9 9.01218 9.00998 5.00000 4.02912
B 5 11 11.00931 11.00656 6.00000 5.03640
C 6 12 12.00000 11.99670 6.00000 6.04368
N 7 14 14.00307 13.99922 7.00000 7.05096
O 8 16 15.99491 15.99051 8.00000 8.05824
F 9 19 18.99840 18.99345 10.00000 9.06552
Ne 10 20 19.99244 19.98694 10.00000 10.07280
Na 11 23 22.98980 22.98375 12.00000 11.08008
Mg 12 24 23.98504 23.97844 12.00000 12.08736
Al 13 27 26.98153 26.97438 14.00000 13.09464
Si 14 28 27.97693 27.96923 14.00000 14.10192
P 15 31 30.97376 30.96551 16.00000 15.10920
Si 16 32 31.97207 31.96327 16.00000 16.11648
Cl 17 35 34.96885 34.95950 18.00000 17.12376
Ar 18 38 37.96272 37.95282 20.00000 18.13104
K 19 39 38.96371 38.95326 20.00000 19.13832
Ca 20 40 39.96259 39.95159 20.00000 20.14560
Sc 21 45 44.95592 44.94437 24.00000 21.15288
Ti 22 47 46.95180 46.93970 25.00000 22.16016
V 23 51 50.94400 50.93135 28.00000 23.16744
Cr 24 52 51.94050 51.92730 28.00000 24.17472
Mn 25 55 54.93810 54.92435 30.00000 25.18200
Fe 26 56 55.93490 55.92060 30.00000 26.18928
Ni 28 58 57.93530 57.91990 30.00000 28.20384
Co 27 59 58.93320 58.91835 32.00000 27.19656
Cu 29 63 62.92980 62.91385 34.00000 29.21112
Zn 30 64 63.92910 63.91260 34.00000 30.21840
Ga 31 69 68.92570 68.90865 38.00000 31.22568
Ge 32 74 73.92190 73.90430 42.00000 32.23296
As 33 75 74.92160 74.90345 42.00000 33.24024
Br 35 79 78.91830 78.89905 44.00000 35.25480
Se 34 80 79.91650 79.89780 46.00000 34.24752
Kr 36 82 81.91350 81.89370 46.00000 36.26208
Rb 37 85 84.91170 84.89135 48.00000 37.26936
Sr 38 88 87.90560 87.88470 50.00000 38.27664
Y 39 89 88.90540 88.88395 50.00000 39.28392
Zr 40 90 89.90430 89.88230 50.00000 40.29120
Nb 41 93 92.90600 92.88345 52.00000 41.29848
Mo 42 98 97.90550 97.88240 56.00000 42.30576
Ru 44 102 101.90370 101.87950 58.00000 44.32032
Rh 45 103 102.90480 102.88005 58.00000 45.32760
Pd 46 106 105.90320 105.87790 60.00000 46.33488
Ag 47 107 106.90509 106.87924 60.00000 47.34216
Cd 48 114 113.90360 113.87720 66.00000 48.34944
In 49 115 114.90410 114.87715 66.00000 49.35672
Sn 50 118 117.90180 117.87430 68.00000 50.36400
Sb 51 121 120.90380 120.87575 70.00000 51.37128
In 53 127 126.90040 126.87125 74.00000 53.38584
Te 52 130 129.90670 129.87810 78.00000 52.37856
Xe 54 132 131.90420 131.87450 78.00000 54.39312
Cs 55 133 132.90510 132.87485 78.00000 55.40040
Ba 56 138 137.90500 137.87420 82.00000 56.40768
La 57 139 138.90610 138.87475 82.00000 57.41496
Ce 58 140 139.90530 139.87340 82.00000 58.42224
Pr 59 141 140.90740 140.87495 82.00000 59.42952
Nd 60 142 141.90750 141.87450 82.00000 60.43680
Sm 62 152 151.91950 151.88540 90.00000 62.45136
Eu 63 153 152.92090 152.88625 90.00000 63.45864
Gd 64 158 157.92410 157.88890 94.00000 64.46592
Tb 65 159 158.92500 158.88925 94.00000 65.47320
Dy 66 164 163.92880 163.89250 98.00000 66.48048
Ho 67 165 164.93030 164.89345 98.00000 67.48776
Er 68 166 165.93040 165.89300 98.00000 68.49504
Tm 69 169 168.93440 168.89645 100.00000 69.50232
Yb 70 174 173.93900 173.90050 104.00000 70.50960
Lu 71 175 174.94090 174.90185 104.00000 71.51688
Hf 72 180 179.94680 179.90720 108.00000 72.52416
Ta 73 181 180.94800 180.90785 108.00000 73.53144
W 74 184 183.95100 183.91030 110.00000 74.53872
Re 75 187 186.95600 186.91475 112.00000 75.54600
Os 76 190 189.95860 189.91680 114.00000 76.55328
Ir 77 193 192.96330 192.92095 116.00000 77.56056
Pt 78 195 194.96480 194.92190 117.00000 78.56784
Au 79 197 196.96660 196.92315 118.00000 79.57512
Hg 80 202 201.97060 201.92660 122.00000 80.58240
Tl 81 205 204.97450 204.92995 124.00000 81.58968
Pb 82 208 207.97660 207.93150 126.00000 82.59696
Bi 83 209 208.98040 208.93475 126.00000 83.60424
Total mass Binding Binding
Mass n p+n / Mass energy Energy/
/u u difference /u /MeV nucleon /MeV
1.00867 2.01595 0.00295 2.74793 1.37396 ·         mass o
2.01734 4.03190 0.03040 28.31760 7.07940 ·         mass o
4.03468 7.05652 0.04217 39.28135 5.61162 ·         mass o
5.04335 9.07247 0.06249 58.20943 6.46771
6.05202 11.08842 0.08186 76.25259 6.93205 The chart lists (almo
6.05202 12.09570 0.09900 92.21850 7.68488 For each element, it
7.06069 14.11165 0.11243 104.72855 7.48061
Your task:
8.06936 16.12760 0.13709 127.69934 7.98121
10.08670 19.15222 0.15877 147.89426 7.78391 1) To find the Bindin
10.08670 20.15950 0.17256 160.73964 8.03698 2) To plot a graph of
12.10404 23.18412 0.20037 186.64466 8.11498
12.10404 24.19140 0.21296 198.37224 8.26551
1)
14.12138 27.21602 0.24164 225.08766 8.33658
Use the cells in row
14.12138 28.22330 0.25407 236.66620 8.45236
16.13872 31.24792 0.28241 263.06492 8.48597 First find the mass o
16.13872 32.25520 0.29193 271.93280 8.49790
18.15606 35.27982 0.32032 298.37808 8.52509 Then use:
20.17340 38.30444 0.35162 327.53403 8.61932
Mass difference =
20.17340 39.31172 0.35846 333.90549 8.56168
20.17340 40.31900 0.36741 342.24242 8.55606 Δm =
24.20808 45.36096 0.41659 388.05359 8.62341
25.21675 47.37691 0.43721 407.26111 8.66513 so EB = Δ
28.24276 51.41020 0.47885 446.04877 8.74605
28.24276 52.41748 0.49018 456.60267 8.78082 and then divide by A
30.26010 55.44210 0.51775 482.28413 8.76880
Scroll across row 2
30.26010 56.44938 0.52878 492.55857 8.79569
cell L2 to scroll right
30.26010 58.46394 0.54404 506.77326 8.73747
32.27744 59.47400 0.55565 517.58798 8.77268 2)
34.29478 63.50590 0.59205 551.49457 8.75388 Scroll right down the
34.29478 64.51318 0.60058 559.44027 8.74125 Pick Insert/ scatter g
38.32946 69.55514 0.64649 602.20543 8.72761 Label the chart and
Print out and stick in
42.36414 74.59710 0.69280 645.34320 8.72085
42.36414 75.60438 0.70093 652.91630 8.70555
44.38148 79.63628 0.73723 686.72974 8.69278
46.39882 80.64634 0.74854 697.26501 8.71581
46.39882 82.66090 0.76720 714.64680 8.71520
48.41616 85.68552 0.79417 739.76935 8.70317
50.43350 88.71014 0.82544 768.89736 8.73747
50.43350 89.71742 0.83347 776.37730 8.72334
50.43350 90.72470 0.84240 784.69560 8.71884 10.00000
52.45084 93.74932 0.86587 806.55790 8.67267
9.00000

8.00000
10.00000

56.48552 98.79128 0.90888 846.62172 8.63900 9.00000


58.50286 102.82318 0.94368 879.03792 8.61802
58.50286 103.83046 0.95041 885.30691 8.59521 8.00000
60.52020 106.85508 0.97718 910.24317 8.58720
60.52020 107.86236 0.98312 915.77628 8.55866 7.00000
66.57222 114.92166 1.04446 972.91449 8.53434
66.57222 115.92894 1.05179 979.74238 8.51950

Eb per nucleon (MeV)


6.00000
68.58956 118.95356 1.07926 1005.33069 8.51975
70.60690 121.97818 1.10243 1026.91354 8.48689 5.00000
74.64158 128.02742 1.15617 1076.97235 8.48010
78.67626 131.05482 1.17672 1096.11468 8.43165 4.00000
78.67626 133.06938 1.19488 1113.03072 8.43205
78.67626 134.07666 1.20181 1119.48602 8.41719 3.00000
82.71094 139.11862 1.24442 1159.17723 8.39983
82.71094 140.12590 1.25115 1165.44623 8.38451 2.00000
82.71094 141.13318 1.25978 1173.48507 8.38204
82.71094 142.14046 1.26551 1178.82257 8.36044 1.00000
82.71094 143.14774 1.27324 1186.02306 8.35228
90.78030 153.23166 1.34626 1254.04119 8.25027 0.00000
0
90.78030 154.23894 1.35269 1260.03074 8.23549
94.81498 159.28090 1.39200 1296.64800 8.20663
94.81498 160.28818 1.39893 1303.10329 8.19562
98.84966 165.33014 1.43764 1339.16166 8.16562
98.84966 166.33742 1.44397 1345.05806 8.15187
98.84966 167.34470 1.45170 1352.25855 8.14614
100.86700 170.36932 1.47287 1371.97840 8.11822
104.90168 175.41128 1.51078 1407.29157 8.08788
104.90168 176.41856 1.51671 1412.81537 8.07323
108.93636 181.46052 1.55332 1446.91758 8.03843
108.93636 182.46780 1.55995 1453.09343 8.02814
110.95370 185.49242 1.58212 1473.74478 8.00948
112.97104 188.51704 1.60229 1492.53313 7.98146
114.98838 191.54166 1.62486 1513.55709 7.96609
117.00572 194.56628 1.64533 1532.62490 7.94106
118.01439 196.58223 1.66033 1546.59739 7.93127
119.02306 198.59818 1.67503 1560.29045 7.92026
123.05774 203.64014 1.71354 1596.16251 7.90179
125.07508 206.66476 1.73481 1615.97551 7.88281
127.09242 209.68938 1.75788 1637.46522 7.87243
127.09242 210.69666 1.76191 1641.21916 7.85272
·         mass of neutron = 1.008 67 u
·         mass of proton = 1.007 28 u
·         mass of electron = 0.000 55 u

The chart lists (almost) all of the first 83 elements of the periodic table.
For each element, it gives Z, A and the mass of a stable isotope.

Your task:

1) To find the Binding energy/ nucleon for each isotope


2) To plot a graph of Binding energy/ nucleon (vertical axis) against atomic mass, A.

1)
Use the cells in row 2.

First find the mass of the nucleus (cell E2): (mnucleus = mass atom - mass electrons)

Then use:

Mass difference = (proton mass + neutron mass) - nucleus mass

Δ m = Z x mp + (A - Z) mn - m nucleus

so EB = Δ m x 931.5 MeV

and then divide by A to find EB/nucleon to fill in all the rest of the cells in row 2 up to L2.

Scroll across row 2 from column E to L and then use the little black cross in the bottom RH corner of
cell L2 to scroll right down to the bottom of row 82. Your table should now be full!

2)
Scroll right down the A column, hold control and scroll right down your final E B/nucleon column
Pick Insert/ scatter graph/ and choose this one:
Label the chart and the axes
Print out and stick in your practical book.

Binding Energy per nucleon against mass number


10.00000

9.00000

8.00000
Binding Energy per nucleon against mass number
10.00000

9.00000

8.00000

7.00000
Eb per nucleon (MeV)

6.00000

5.00000

4.00000

3.00000

2.00000

1.00000

0.00000
0 50 100 150 200 250

Number of nucleons A
H corner of

olumn
200 250

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